NJ2018 Glossary - Land Types

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Nongsa jikseol
Table of Contents
  1. Preface
  2. Preparing the Seed Grain
  3. Plowing the Soil
  4. Cultivating Hemp
  5. Cultivating Rice
  6. Cultivating Proso and Foxtail Millet
  7. Cultivating Barnyard Grass
  8. Cultivating Soybeans, Red Beans, and Mung Beans
  9. Cultivating Barley and Wheat
  10. Cultivating Sesame
  11. Cultivating Buckwheat

Edit.png Contributor: Evelyn Ruiz

Terms related to fields

Acceptable fields

Basic Info
• Hanja: 中田 • Hangeul: 중간 정도의 밭 • RR: jungjeon • MR: chungjŏn


Barren fields

Basic Info
• Hanja: 薄田 • Hangeul: 척박한 밭, 박전 • RR: bakjeon • MR: pakchŏn • Pinyin: bótián
Alternate English Terms
poor fields


Multimedia

Barren fields in Suffolk, Great Britain

Further Reading

Best fields


Basic Info
• Hanja: 上 • Hangeul: ~논이 가장 좋다 • Pinyin: Shàng


Dry fields

Basic Info
• Hanja: 旱田 • Hangeul: 한전 • RR: hanjeon • MR: hanjŏn


Multimedia

Jeju stone agricultural walls for dry-field farming.

Further Reading

Fertile fields

Basic Info
• Hanja: 美田, 熟田 • Hangeul: 좋은 밭 • RR: mijeon, sukjeon • MR: mijŏn, sukchŏn


Field Banks

Basic Info
• Hanja: 畔, 田畔 • Hangeul: 밭두둑 • RR: batduduk • MR: pattuduk • Pinyin: pàn


Fields mixed with half fine sand and half black dirt


Basic Info
• Hanja: 細沙黑土相半者 • Hangeul: 고운 모래와 검은 흙이 절반씩 섞인 곳


Fields where barley had been grown

Basic Info
• Hanja: 麥根田 • Hangeul: 맥근전 • RR: maekgeunjeon • MR: maekkŭnjŏn
Alternate English Terms
fields where barley has been grown (and the roots remain) 


Good fields

Basic Info
• Hanja: 良田 • Hangeul: 좋은 밭 • RR: yangjeon • MR: yangjŏn • Pinyin: liángtián


If the fields are abundant

Basic Info
• Hanja: 田多 • Hangeul: 밭이 많이 확보되면 • RR: jeonda • MR: jŏnda


Old and well-used fields

Basic Info
• Hanja: 久陣田 • Hangeul: 오래 묵은 밭 • RR: gujinjeon • MR: kujinjŏn


Paddy fields

Basic Info
• Hanja: 水田 • Hangeul: 논, 물이 있는 논, 수전, 무릇 논 • RR: sujeon • MR: sujŏn • Pinyin: shuǐtián
Alternate English Terms
Paddies, wet fields, terraced paddy fields


Definition

A paddy field is a flooded parcel of arable land used for growing semiaquatic rice. Paddy cultivation should not be confused with cultivation of deepwater rice, which is grown in flooded conditions with water more than 50 cm (20 in) deep for at least a month. Genetic evidence shows that all forms of paddy rice, both indica and japonica, spring from a domestication of the wild rice Oryza rufipogon that first occurred 8,200–13,500 years ago South of the Yangtze River in present-day China. However, the domesticated indica subspecies currently appears to be a product of the introgression of favorable alleles from japonica at a later date, so that there are possibly several events of cultivation and domestication. Paddy fields are the typical feature of rice farming in east, south and southeast Asia. Fields can be built into steep hillsides as terraces and adjacent to depressed or steeply sloped features such as rivers or marshes. They can require a great deal of labor and materials to create, and need large quantities of water for irrigation. Oxen and water buffalo, adapted for life in wetlands, are important working animals used extensively in paddy field farming.[1]

Multimedia

Second best fields


Basic Info
• Hanja: 次 • Hangeul: ~논이 그 다음이다 • Pinyin: Cì


Small fields


Basic Info
• Hanja: 田小者 • Hangeul: 밭이 적은 경우


The most fertile wet fields with an accessible source of water


Basic Info
• Hanja: 連水源肥膏水田 • Hangeul: 논물을 대기 쉬운 기름진 논


Wastelands

Basic Info
• Hanja: 荒地 • Hangeul: 황무지, 황지 • RR: hwangji • MR: hwangji • Pinyin: huāngdì
Alternate English Terms
Uncultivated land


Worst fields


Basic Info
• Hanja: 下 • Hangeul: ~논이 가장 나쁘다 • Pinyin: xià


Terms related to soil

(soil) Too soft


Basic Info
• Hanja: 過熟 • Hangeul: 지나치게 (땅을) 부드럽게 해서


Further Reading

(spring) Thaw

Basic Info
• Hanja: 寒氣, 氷解 • Hangeul: 토양의 찬 기운(한기), 얼음이 녹자마자 • RR: hangi • MR: han'gi • Pinyin: hánqì


Further Reading

(the soil becomes) Infertile


Basic Info
• Hanja: 無澤 • Hangeul: (땅이) 윤택해지지 않는다


Dirt clods

Basic Info
• Hanja: 塊 • Hangeul: 흙덩이 • RR: heukdeongi • MR: hŭktŏngi • Pinyin: kuài
Alternate English Terms
clods of soil


If the soil is barren


Basic Info
• Hanja: 地若瘠薄 • Hangeul: 메마른 땅이면


If the soil is muddy or crumbly


Basic Info
• Hanja: 地或泥濘或虛浮 • Hangeul: 흙이 진흙투성이거나 푸석푸석하거나


Further Reading

Make the soil loose and level, making it extremely soft


Basic Info
• Hanja: 土極軟 • Hangeul: 흙이 극히 부드럽도록 한다


Make the soil soft and fertile


Basic Info
• Hanja: 土軟熟 • Hangeul: 흙이 부드러우면서도 비옥해진다


New soil or sod


Basic Info
• Hanja: 新土或莎土 • Hangeul: 새 흙이나 사토


Soil becomes soft


Basic Info
• Hanja: 土軟 • Hangeul: 흙이 부드러워지고


Soil that is thick, old, and well-used


Basic Info
• Hanja: 土厚久陳地 • Hangeul: 흙이 두텁고 오래 묵은 땅


Subsoil

Basic Info
• Hanja: 生地 • Hangeul: 속땅 • RR: sokttang • MR: sokttang


Definition

Subsoil is the layer of soil under the topsoil on the surface of the ground. Like topsoil it is composed of a variable mixture of small particles such as sand, silt and/or clay, but with a much lower percentage of organic matter and humus. Below the subsoil is the substratum, which can be residual bedrock, sediments, or aeolian deposits. As it is lacking in dark humus, subsoil is usually paler in colour than the overlying topsoil. It may contain the deeper roots of some plants, such as trees, but a majority of plant roots lie within the surface topsoil.[2]

Multimedia

Subsoil

Subsoil water is cold


Basic Info
• Hanja: 水冷 • Hangeul: [흙이] 찬물 기운[水冷]이 있다


The soil firms up


Basic Info
• Hanja: 土强 • Hangeul: 흙이 굳어진 상태


The soil is too dry


Basic Info
• Hanja: 土大燥 • Hangeul: 토지가 너무 건조하면


Wait for the soil to dry out and turn white


Basic Info
• Hanja: 待土色乾白 • Hangeul: 흙빛이 희게 마르기를 기다려


White soil

Basic Info
• Hanja: 白壤 • Hangeul: 흰 토양, 백양 • RR: baegyang • MR: paegyang


Further Reading

Others

High and dry (areas)

Basic Info
• Hanja: 高燥 • Hangeul: 고지대에 건조한 곳, 고조 • RR: gojo • MR: kojo


High ground

Basic Info
• Hanja: 高處 • Hangeul: 높은 곳의 논, 고처 • RR: gocheo • MR: koch'ŏ • Pinyin: gāochù


Highlands

Basic Info
• Hanja: 高地 • Hangeul: 높은 지대의 토지, 고지 • RR: goji • MR: koji • Pinyin: gāodì
Alternate English Terms
upland


Definition

Highlands or uplands are any mountainous region or elevated mountainous plateau.[3]

Locations with sources of cold water


Basic Info
• Hanja: 水冷處 • Hangeul: 찬물 기운이 있는 토지


Low and wet lands


Basic Info
• Hanja: 下濕之地 • Hangeul: 저지대에 습기가 많은 곳


Definition

A wetland is a land area that is saturated with water, either permanently or seasonally, such that it takes on the characteristics of a distinct ecosystem. The primary factor that distinguishes wetlands from other land forms or water bodies is the characteristic vegetation of aquatic plants, adapted to the unique hydric soil. Wetlands play a number of roles in the environment, principally water purification, flood control, carbon sink and shoreline stability. Wetlands are also considered the most biologically diverse of all ecosystems, serving as home to a wide range of plant and animal life.[4]

Northern regions


Basic Info
• Hanja: 北土 • Hangeul: 북쪽지방


Places without trees and grass


Basic Info
• Hanja: 芟除林木 • Hangeul: 수풀을 베어낸 곳


Ridges

Basic Info
• Hanja: 畝 • Hangeul: 이랑 • RR: irang • MR: irang • Pinyin: mǔ


Definition

Ridge and furrow is an archaeological pattern of ridges (Medieval Latin sliones) and troughs created by a system of ploughing used in Europe during the Middle Ages, typical of the open field system. It is also known as Rig (or rigg) and furrow, mostly in the North East of England and Scotland.[5]

Multimedia

Ridge rows for potato production.

Roadside

Basic Info
• Hanja: 路邊 • Hangeul: 길가 • RR: gilga • MR: kilka • Pinyin: lùbiān


Warm place

Basic Info
• Hanja: 溫處 • Hangeul: 따뜻한 곳, 온처 • RR: oncheo • MR: onch'ŏ








  1. "Paddy field", Wikipedia.
  2. "Subsoil", Wikipedia.
  3. "Highland", Wikipedia.
  4. "Wetland", Wikipedia.
  5. "Ridge and furrow", Wikipedia.