E2-508
목차
Story
After Korea 강화_조약 in 1876, foreigners were for the first time allowed to trade at the newly opened ports. But the opening of the ports also ushered in the beginning of new diplomatic relationships, as well. The foreigners began establishing diplomatic institutions inside 한양도성, which was the capital of the Joseon dynasty (1392-1910). Korea had a long-standing relationship with China, it was the first time Westerners had begun a formal relationship with Korea. In the last two decades of the 19th century, these three groups, namely Chinese, Japanese, and Westerners, each set up their diplomatic institutions in different neighborhoods within the Seoul City Wall.
Historically, Chinese envoys resided in 태평관 whenever they visited the Korean capital. Taepyeonggwan, meaning "Hall of Great Peace," was first established in Seoul in 1395. It was located right inside the walls of Sungnyemun Gate (i.e. Namdaemun). Later on, they also resided in 남별궁, near today's Seoul Plaza. When the 대한제국 (1897-1910) was established in 1897, 환구단 was built on the site of Nambyeolgung Royal Residence to symbolize the end of tributary relations with China and the soverignty of the Korean emperor. However, already by 1883[1], a modern legation building for the Qing dynasty had been established at the site of the current People's Republic of China embassy. The 벨기에공사관 and 독일동사관 also moved to the area in the early 1900s.
The Japanese built their legation in 1885 on the northern slope of 남산[2]. Later during the Japanese colonial period (1910-1945), this area to the north of Namsan Mountain, near today's Myeongdong Station, would become the Japanese district, while the area's to the north near Jong-ro would become the Korean district of Seoul. Japan would continue to set up its military and police facilities on the northern slope of Namsan Mountain, and even built a Shinto Shrine on top of the mountain.
Westerners established their diplomatic missions primarily in the 정동 neighborhood, located in the far west of the capital to the south of 돈의문 (i.e. Seodaemun). The first legation to be built was the 미국공사관, established in 1883, followed by the 영군공사돤 and 독일공사돤 in 1884, the 러시아공사관 in 1885, the 프랑스공사관 in 1888, and the 벨기에공사관 and 이탈리아공사관 in 1901. In addition to the diplomatic legations, established in the neighborhood were Christian churches, schools, hospitals, and a hotel for foreign visitors. Many of the buildings were built in a Western style, creating a distinctly different feeling from other neighborhoods in the capital. After 조선_고종 fled to the Russian Legation in 1896 following the assassination of his wife, the neighborhood became the center of the Korean Empire, which based itself at the palace located there, today's 적수궁. After Korea was illegally annexed by Japan in 1910, the foreign allegations ceased their function, however many Westerners continued to reside in the neighborhood.
Semantic Data
Node Description
| id | class | groupName | partName | label | hangeul | hanja | english | infoUrl | iconUrl |
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| The_First_Foreign_Neighborhoods_in_Seoul | Story | Episode | English | The_First_Foreign_Neighborhoods_in_Seoul | http://dh.aks.ac.kr/hanyang2/wiki/index.php/The_First_Foreign_Neighborhoods_in_Seoul | 
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Contextual Relations
Web Resource
- type: 해설, 참고, 원문 / 사진, 동영상, 도면, 그림, 지도, 3D_지도, 3D_모델
Bibliography
| type | bibliographic index | online resource | url | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 도록 | 100년 전의 기억, 대한제국 / 국립고궁박물관-서울대학교 규장각한국학연구원 공동주최 특별전 | |||
| 도록 | 정동1900 / 서울역사박물관 개관 10주년 기념 특별전시 | |||
| 도록 | 명동：공간의 형성과 변화 / 서울역사박물관 / 2011 | https://museum.seoul.go.kr/www/board/NR_boardView.do?bbsCd=1012&seq=00000000000021324&sso=ok |
- type: 단행본, 논문, 도록, 자료집
- online resource: KCI, RISS, DBpia, 네이버 학술정보 .....
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