"Korea's Traditional Education - Over a Millennium of Confucian Learning"의 두 판 사이의 차이
잔글 (Lyndsey님이 Traditional Education 문서를 넘겨주기를 만들지 않고 Korea's Traditional Education - Over a Millennium of Confucian Education 문서로 이동했습니다) |
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(같은 사용자의 중간 판 7개는 보이지 않습니다) | |||
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− | Historically, Korea has always placed emphasis on education, and today it is evaluated to have been the foundation for | + | Historically, Korea has always placed emphasis on education, and today it is evaluated to have been the foundation for South Korea's successful economic growth. The outstanding scholastic performance of South Korean students, demonstrated by the [[OECD's Program for International Student Assessment]], attracts global attention. |
− | Keen interest in education by Koreans has a long traditional history. The Goguryeo Kingdom established the first state educational institution called | + | Keen interest in education by Koreans has a long traditional history. The [[Goguryeo|Goguryeo Kingdom]] established the first state educational institution called "Taehak" in 372 CE and later set up regional schools called "Gyeongdang" to teach [[Confucianism]] and [[martial arts]] to youth. The [[Silla|Silla Kingdom]] founded an educational and training system called "Hwarangdo" to foster elite youths. After unifying the [[Three Kingdoms]] in the 7th century, Silla established a higher educational institution named "Gukhak" to teach Confucianism and educate public officials. |
− | The Goryeo Dynasty established the | + | The [[Goryeo|Goryeo Dynasty]] established the "Gukjagam," a central educational organization to teach public officials both Confucianism and technology, and "Hyanggyo," which were public schools for children of local public officials and common people. At the end of the dynasty, it also established a higher educational institution, "Seonggyungwan." Besides these public educational institutions, intellectuals set up 12 private study-houses across the country. |
− | The Joseon Dynasty established a new educational system based on Neo-Confucianism. Evolving into the highest educational institution, | + | The [[Joseon|Joseon Dynasty]] established a new educational system based on [[Neo-Confucianism]]. Evolving into the highest educational institution, t Seonggyungwan Academy educated future public officials in Neo-Confucian philosophy and methods. It also set up affiliated schools in the capital and ''hyanggyo'' in regions to provide secondary education. According to the [[Veritable Records of the Joseon Dynasty|Veritable Records]] of [[King Sejong (Joseon)|King Sejong]], 329 hyanggyo were established across the country. In addition, individuals opened [[private Neo-Confucian academies]] (''seowon'') and [[village schools]] (''seodang'') for elementary education. These institutions primarily taught literacy and basic knowledge, and they were built with two spaces – one for study and the other for offering rituals for sages or local elites. As the government encouraged Confucianism-based education, individuals and teachers could freely open and operate study-houses until a modern educational system was introduced in the late 19th century; as of 1911, 16,540 of them existed. |
From ancient times, people with Confucian knowledge tended to become leaders and members of the ruling class. As the Joseon Dynasty encouraged people to put efforts into study, people were enthusiastic about education as the way to remain upper-class. The culture of regarding education as important has not changed much for a thousand years. Education has served as one of the motive forces of economic growth, accounting for important part of Korean culture. | From ancient times, people with Confucian knowledge tended to become leaders and members of the ruling class. As the Joseon Dynasty encouraged people to put efforts into study, people were enthusiastic about education as the way to remain upper-class. The culture of regarding education as important has not changed much for a thousand years. Education has served as one of the motive forces of economic growth, accounting for important part of Korean culture. | ||
<gallery mode=packed heights=220px> | <gallery mode=packed heights=220px> | ||
+ | File:3-14.대성전-DSC_8107.jpg|Daeseongjeon Shrine at Sunggyungwan Academy (Sunggyungwan-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul) | ||
+ | File:3-14.명륜당-DSC_8128.jpg|Myeongnyundang Lecture Hall at Sunggyungwan Academy (Sunggyungwan-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul) | ||
+ | File:5-9.안동-도산서원2_Dosanseowon-Confucian-Academy.jpg|Dosanseowon Confucian Academy, Andong (Dosanseowon-gil, Dosan-myeon, Andong, Gyeongsangbuk-do) / Courtesy of the Korea Tourism Organization (Kim Ji-ho) | ||
+ | File:3-11.파산서원-DSC_8737.jpg|Pasanseowon Confucian Academy (Nonno-ri, Papyeong-myeon, Paju, Gyeonggi-do) | ||
+ | 파일:3-11.석천서당_Seokcheonseodang Village School (1).jpg|Seokcheonseodang Village School (Wolli-ri, Seokbo-myeon, Yeongyang-gun, Gyeongsangbuk-do) / Courtesy of the Korea Tourism Organization (Kim Ji-ho) | ||
+ | 파일:3-11.석천서당_Seokcheonseodang Village School.jpg|Seokcheonseodang Village School (Wolli-ri, Seokbo-myeon, Yeongyang-gun, Gyeongsangbuk-do) / Courtesy of the Korea Tourism Organization (Kim Ji-ho) | ||
+ | 파일:3-11.양지향교_Yangji Hyanggyo School.jpg|Yangjuhyanggyo Confucian School (Yangji-ri, Yangji-myeon, Yongin, Gyeonggi-do) / Courtesy of the Korea Tourism Organization (Kim Ji-ho) | ||
+ | 파일:3-11.전주향교_Jeonju Hyanggyo.jpg|Inside Jeonjuhyanggyo Confucian School (Hyanggyo-gil Wansan-gu, Jeonju, Jeollabuk-do) / Courtesy of the Korea Tourism Organization (Kim Ji-ho) | ||
</gallery> | </gallery> | ||
<gallery mode=packed heights=220px> | <gallery mode=packed heights=220px> | ||
+ | File:Z003(E).jpg|Korea's Traditional Private Confucian Academies | ||
</gallery> | </gallery> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <youtube description="[Dosanseowon Confucian Academy with the Dignity of Confucian Scholars of the Joseon Dynasty (K-HERITAGE)]">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ffOdChwqqlM</youtube> | ||
=='''Related Articles'''== | =='''Related Articles'''== | ||
− | + | [[OECD's Program for International Student Assessment]]. | |
+ | [[Goguryeo]] | ||
+ | [[Confucianism]] | ||
+ | [[Martial arts]] | ||
+ | [[Silla]] | ||
+ | [[Three Kingdoms]] | ||
+ | [[Goryeo]] | ||
+ | [[Joseon]] | ||
+ | [[Neo-Confucianism]] | ||
+ | [[Veritable Records of the Joseon Dynasty]] | ||
+ | [[King Sejong (Joseon)]] | ||
+ | [[Private Neo-Confucian academies]] | ||
+ | [[Village schools]] | ||
=='''References'''== | =='''References'''== |
2017년 11월 30일 (목) 18:13 기준 최신판
Historically, Korea has always placed emphasis on education, and today it is evaluated to have been the foundation for South Korea's successful economic growth. The outstanding scholastic performance of South Korean students, demonstrated by the OECD's Program for International Student Assessment, attracts global attention.
Keen interest in education by Koreans has a long traditional history. The Goguryeo Kingdom established the first state educational institution called "Taehak" in 372 CE and later set up regional schools called "Gyeongdang" to teach Confucianism and martial arts to youth. The Silla Kingdom founded an educational and training system called "Hwarangdo" to foster elite youths. After unifying the Three Kingdoms in the 7th century, Silla established a higher educational institution named "Gukhak" to teach Confucianism and educate public officials.
The Goryeo Dynasty established the "Gukjagam," a central educational organization to teach public officials both Confucianism and technology, and "Hyanggyo," which were public schools for children of local public officials and common people. At the end of the dynasty, it also established a higher educational institution, "Seonggyungwan." Besides these public educational institutions, intellectuals set up 12 private study-houses across the country.
The Joseon Dynasty established a new educational system based on Neo-Confucianism. Evolving into the highest educational institution, t Seonggyungwan Academy educated future public officials in Neo-Confucian philosophy and methods. It also set up affiliated schools in the capital and hyanggyo in regions to provide secondary education. According to the Veritable Records of King Sejong, 329 hyanggyo were established across the country. In addition, individuals opened private Neo-Confucian academies (seowon) and village schools (seodang) for elementary education. These institutions primarily taught literacy and basic knowledge, and they were built with two spaces – one for study and the other for offering rituals for sages or local elites. As the government encouraged Confucianism-based education, individuals and teachers could freely open and operate study-houses until a modern educational system was introduced in the late 19th century; as of 1911, 16,540 of them existed.
From ancient times, people with Confucian knowledge tended to become leaders and members of the ruling class. As the Joseon Dynasty encouraged people to put efforts into study, people were enthusiastic about education as the way to remain upper-class. The culture of regarding education as important has not changed much for a thousand years. Education has served as one of the motive forces of economic growth, accounting for important part of Korean culture.
Related Articles
OECD's Program for International Student Assessment. Goguryeo Confucianism Martial arts Silla Three Kingdoms Goryeo Joseon Neo-Confucianism Veritable Records of the Joseon Dynasty King Sejong (Joseon) Private Neo-Confucian academies Village schools