읍성 내외 시설(나주목 관아와 향교)

읍성 내외 시설

종합안내판: 나주목 관아와 향교

해설문

국문

1. 객사(客舍): 왕을 상징하는 지방 궁궐로, 중앙의 정청(政廳)을 중심으로 동·서쪽에 날개처럼 익헌(翼軒)을 지어 고관·사신의 숙소로 사용
2. 아사(衙舍): 관아 건물로 수령의 집무 공간인 외아(동헌)와 관사인 내아(금학헌)로 구성
3. 향청(鄕廳): 향촌을 교화(敎化)하고 수령을 보좌하는 자치적 기구
4. 이청(吏廳): 수령을 도와 지방행정을 담당하는 향리의 집무처
5. 장청(將廳): 범죄 수사 업무를 처리하는 지금의 경찰서
6. 읍창(邑倉): 나주읍성 안에 위치한 사창(司倉)으로 관곡(官穀)을 보관하는 창고
7. 옥(獄): 감옥
8. 사정(射亭): 관리들이 활 쏘는 연습을 하는 곳으로 읍성 내에 동·서·남쪽 3곳에 설치
9. 군기고(軍器庫): 군사들이 사용하는 무기와 깃발 등 물품을 보관하는 창고
10. 서청(書廳): 각종 문서를 보관, 관리하는 창고
11. 진창(賑倉): 백성을 위해 비상시를 대비하여 곡식을 보관하는 창고
12. 훈련청(訓鍊廳): 무예를 연습하고 무관을 뽑는 시험장
13. 학교(鶴橋): 성안을 관통해 흐르는 나주천에 설치한 유일한 다리
14. 목장(木檣): 풍수지리상 배 형국인 나주의 순조로운 항해를 기원하는 뜻에서 성안에 세운 나무 돛대
15. 동점문(東漸門): 나주읍성 동쪽 성문
16. 동수문(東水門): 나주읍성을 관통하는 나주천 물길이 동쪽 성벽을 지날 수 있게 만든 수문
17. 최고정(最高亭): 나주읍성 내에서 가장 높은 남산 정상부에 위치한 정자
18. 남고문(南顧門): 나주읍성 남쪽 성문
19. 전라우영(全羅右營): 1393년 나주의 군정(軍政)과 형정(刑政)을 지휘, 감독하고 병마(兵馬,육군)권을 관장하는 조직이 설치되었고, 이것이 1657년 전라우영으로 개편되면서 영장(정3품 무관)이 배치되어 관할지의 군정과 경찰 행정을 지휘, 감독 (지금의 나주초등학교 자리)
20. 서수문(西水門): 나주읍성을 관통하는 나주천 물길이 서쪽 성벽을 지날 수 있게 만든 수문
21. 서성문(西成門): 나주읍성 서쪽 성문
22. 나주향교(鄕校): 조선시대 지방에 설치한 국립 교육기관으로 오늘의 중·고등학교
23. 북망문(北望門): 나주읍성 북쪽 성문
24. 석장(石檣): 풍수지리상 배 형국인 나주의 순조로운 항해를 기원하는 뜻에서 성밖에 세운 돌 돛대(보물)

영문

Facilities of Najueupseong Walled Town (Naju-mok Government Office and Local Confucian School)

1. Guesthouse: consisted of a shrine dedicated to the king in the center and rooms to each side, which were used as temporary lodging for high-ranking officials and envoys visiting the region on duty
2. Magistrate’s Office and Residence: Located in proximity to each other, these two facilities served respectively as the administrative command center of the local government and the official residence of the magistrate and his family
3. Local Elites' Office: A self-governing organization that provided aid to the magistrates dispatched to Naju in their administrative duties
4. Clerks’Office: The workplace of the low-rank officials assisting in the administration of the area.
5. Police Office: Responsible for law enforcement and crime investigation
6. Town Granary: Used to store the grain collected as tax by the local government
7. Prison: Incarceration facility for criminals
8. Public Pavilions: Built in the east, west, and south of the walled town, these three pavilions were used as a place for officials to practice archery
9. Armory: Storage for weaponry and banners
10. Archive: Used to store and maintain various documents
11. Emergency Granary: storage facility for the grain reserved for public use in the case of an emergency.
12. Training Facility: Used for training and examination of military officials.
13. Hakgyo Bridge: The only bridge across Najucheon Stream inside the walled town
14. Wooden Mast: A wooden pole installed inside the walled town to wish for prosperity and peace. It was meant to complement the natural terrain of Naju, which according to the Korean feng shui principles, has the shape of a boat
15. Dongjeommun Gate: The eastern gate of the walled town
16. Eastern Watergate: The eastern outlet Najucheon Stream
17. Choegojeong Pavilion: A pavilion located atop the highest spot within the walled town
18. Namgomun Gate: The southern gate of the walled town
19. Army Headquarters of West Jeolla-do Province: First army garrison consisting of infantry and cavalry was stationed here in 1393 and had military and penal jurisdiction over the area. In 1657 it was reformed into the Army Headquarters of West Jeolla-do Province which was under the command of a third-rank military official and performed military and policing functions. The headquarters were located at the site of today’s Naju Elementary School.
20. Western Watergate: The western outlet of Najucheon Stream
21. Seoseongmun Gate: The western gate of the walled town
22. Najuhyanggyo Local Confucian School: A public education institution established to promote the veneration of Confucian sages and the Confucian education of local elites.
23. Bungmanmun Gate: The northern gate of the walled town
24. Stone Mast: built outside the eastern gate to wish for prosperity and peace, it represents a mast complementing the natural terrain of Naju which according to the Korean feng shui principles has the shape of a boat.

• I decided not to use the word 궁궐 here.
• Judging from the map, 동헌 isn’t there anymore.
• Not sure if it should be plural.
• It is 42 m high. Can we call it a mountain?
• Looks like a temple flagpole. But what they say here is apparently based on a record in 동국여지승람.