NJ2018 Glossary - Calendar Terms

Nongsa jikseol
Project Introduction Editor's Notes
Table of Contents
Preface Preparing the Seed Grain Plowing the Soil Cultivating Hemp Cultivating Rice Cultivating Proso and Foxtail Millet Cultivating Barnyard Grass Cultivating Soybeans, Red Beans, and Mung Beans Cultivating Barley and Wheat Cultivating Sesame Cultivating Buckwheat
Glossary Further Readings

Seasonal Terms

Traditionally, the Chinese lunar calendar divides the year into 24 solar terms.

Summer Solstice

Basic Info
• Hanja: 夏至	• Hangeul: 하지	• RR: Haji	• MR: Haji	• Pinyin: Xiàzhì

Autumn Equinox

Basic Info
• Hanja: 秋分	• Hangeul: 추분	• RR: Chubun	• MR: Ch'ubun	• Pinyin: Qiūfēn

Mangjong

Basic Info
• Hanja: 芒種	• Hangeul: 망종	• RR: Mangjong	• MR: Mangjong	• Pinyin: Mángzhòng
Alternate English Terms
• Grain in Ear

White Dew

Basic Info
• Hanja: 白露節	• Hangeul: 백로절	• RR: Baengnojeol	• MR: Paengnojŏl	• Pinyin: Báilù

Four seasons

Spring

Basic Info
• Hanja: 春	• Hangeul: 봄	• RR: Bom	• MR: Pom	• Pinyin: Chūn

Summer

Basic Info
• Hanja: 夏	• Hangeul: 여름	• RR: Yeoreum	• MR: Yŏrŭm	• Pinyin: Xià

Autumn

Basic Info
• Hanja: 秋	• Hangeul: 가을	• RR: Gaeul	• MR: Kaŭl

Winter

Basic Info
• Hanja: 冬	• Hangeul: 겨울	• RR: Gyeoul	• MR: Kyŏul	• Pinyin: Dōng

Other time-related terms

Autumn harvest

Basic Info
• Hanja: 秋收	• Hangeul: 가을에 수확한정월

First lunar month

Basic Info
• Hanja: 正月	• Hangeul: 정월	• RR: Jeongwol	• MR: Chŏngwŏl	• Pinyin: Zhēngyuè

Following year

Basic Info
• Hanja: 明年	• Hangeul: 이듬해	• RR: Ideumhae	• MR: Idŭmhae	• Pinyin: Míngnián

Last month of the lunar year

Basic Info
• Hanja: 臘月	• Hangeul: 동지 섣달, 납월	• RR: Dongji seotdal, Nabwol	• MR: Tongji sŏttal, Nabwŏl	• Pinyin: Làyuè

Middle of the month

Basic Info
• Hanja: 望	• Hangeul: 보름	• RR: Boreum	• MR: Porŭm	• Pinyin: Wàng
Alternate English Terms
• 15th day of the lunar month, day of the full moon

Winter months

Basic Info
• Hanja: 冬月	• Hangeul: 한 겨울 동안	• RR: Han Gyeoul Dongan	• MR: Han Kyŏul Tongan	• Pinyin: Dōngyuè
Alternate English Terms
• eleventh lunar month

First week

Basic Info
• Hanja: 上旬	• Hangeul: 상순	• RR: Sangsun	• MR: Sangsun	• Pinyin: Shàngxún

Second week

Basic Info
• Hanja: 中旬	• Hangeul: 중순	• RR: Jungsun	• MR: Chungsun	• Pinyin: Zhōngxún

Third week

Basic Info
• Hanja: 下旬	• Hangeul: 하순	• RR: Hasun	• MR: Hasun	• Pinyin: Xiàxún

Ten days after Autumn Equinox

Basic Info
• Hanja: (秋分)後十日	• Hangeul: 추분 후 10일

Mangjong

Contributor: Kang Haewon

• English: Grain in Ear
• Chinese: 芒種
• Korean: 망종

Mangjong (Kor. 망종, Chin. 芒種, lit. bearded grain) is the ninth of the twenty-four solar terms. Occurring between Soman (Kor. 소만, Chin. 小滿, Beginning of Grain Ripening) and Haji (Kor. 하지, Chin. 夏至, Summer Solstice), Mangjong usually falls during the fifth month on the lunar calendar and happens around June sixth on the Gregorian calendar. The sun reaches the celestial longitude of 75 degrees on this day. As suggested by its name, Mangjong indicates the appropriate time to harvest the first crop and sow the second of bearded grains such as rice and barley.

White Dew

• English: White Dew
• Chinese:白露
• Korean:백로

White Dewis one of the twenty-four solar terms. According to the Gregorian calendar, it falls around September 9th, and according to the lunar calendar, White Dew usually falls in the eighth month.

Autumn Equinox

• English: Autumn Equinox
• Chinese:秋分
• Korean:추분

Autumn Equinox is one of the twenty-four solar terms. It occurs after White Dew 白露, and it falls, according to the Gregorian calendar, around September twenty-third, and according to the lunar calendar, it usually falls in the eight-month.