"NJ2018 Cultivating Barley and Wheat"의 두 판 사이의 차이
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=='''English Translation'''== | =='''English Translation'''== | ||
| − | Cultivating Barley and Wheat | + | Cultivating Barley and Wheat{{원주|including ch’unmo.}}As barley and wheat are the crop in between the previous year’s harvest and the next year’s harvest, they are the most critical for farms. Sowing for barren fields is done during paengnojŏl, for acceptable fields during ch’upun, and ten days after ch’upun for fertile fields.[Sowing] too early is also bad.{{원주|There is an old saying: If sown early, then insects eat the [barley and wheat] while it grows joints.}}First, within the fifth and sixth months, plow the fields and dry them in the sun. Using a mokchak{{원주|known locally as sohŭlla,}} smooth them flat, and at sowing time, plow the fields again. After sowing is complete, use a ch'ŏlch'ip'a{{원주|known locally as susuŭm }} or a mokchakpae{{원주|known locally as sohŭllabae.}}When covering the seeds, they should be densely covered.{{원주|If sown early, then the roots grow deep and withstand cold, and if sown late, then the grains become small.}}Within the following third month, hoe the fields once, and for barley root fields refer to the above method. Before harvesting glutinous millet, bean, non-glutinous millet, and buckwheat root fields, use a large scythe with a long handle to cut the grass before it turns yellow and stack them in the boundaries around the fields. After harvesting the grain, spread the grass abundantly on top of the fields, burn them, scatter the seeds, and before the ashes scatter, plow the fields. Spread double the amount of grass for barren fields, and if the grass is not cut, use manure and the method for beans and red beans. Occasionally, first sow mung beans or sesame and wait until the grass is abundant for cutting and plowing within the fifth or sixth month. After sowing the seeds, the second plowing and sowing methods are the same as the previous method.In between spring and summer, trim willow branches and spread them in horse shed. Take them out every five or six days, stacking them to make manure which is especially good for barley. Barley and wheat are cut when they ripen accordingly, immediately moved to a yard, and covered with straw matting to prevent drenching from rain.If they are cannot be moved to the yard, then move them to a high place in the boundaries around the fields, then move them [to the yard] at night. On a clear day, spread the barley and wheat thinly on the yard{{원주|if spread thickly, they will not dry well}} and thresh them as they dry {{원주|threshing is known locally as tajak.}} There is nothing that busies a farmer more than barley and wheat. An old saying says: Gathering barley and wheat is like putting out a fire, if you slow down even a little, it results in disaster. Barley sown in early spring can be planted during the second month on warm day with sunshine, and ends when the second month passes. Sowing, hoeing, and harvesting methods are the same as that of autumn barley. |
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=='''Glossary'''== | =='''Glossary'''== | ||
2018년 5월 27일 (일) 21:14 판
| Nongsa jikseol | |
|---|---|
| Table of Contents | |
목차
Original Script
| Text with Punctuation | Text Image | |||
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| 種大小麥 【附春麰】: 大小麥, 新舊間接食, 農家㝡急。 |
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Korean Translation
대맥․소맥 재배법[種大小麥]춘모(春麰)를 덧붙임. 대맥(大麥)․소맥(小麥)은[1] 햇곡식과 작년 곡식 사이의 곡물이므로 농가(農家)에서는 가장 긴요한 것이다. 척박한 밭에서는 백로절(白露節)에, 중간 정도의 밭에서는 추분(秋分) 때에, 좋은 밭에서는 <추분> 후 10일에 파종할 수 있다. 또한 <파종을> 너무 빨리 하는 것은 안 된다. 옛말에 이르기를, ‘빨리 파종하면 벌레가 먹으면서, <대맥․소맥에> 마디가 생긴다’라고 하였다. 먼저 5~6월 사이에 <밭을> 갈고 햇볕에 말린 다음, 목작(木斫) 향명(鄕名)으로는 소흘라(所訖羅)이다. 으로 평평하게 다듬고, 씨를 뿌릴 때 다시 갈아준다. 씨 뿌리기가 끝나면 철치파(鐵齒擺) 향명(鄕名)으로는 수수음(手愁音)이다. 또는 목작배(木斫背) 향명(鄕名)으로는 소흘라배(所訖羅背)이다 로 씨를 덮는데 두텁게 덮어야 한다빨리 심으면 뿌리가 깊어지고 추위에 강해지며, 늦게 심으면 이삭[穗]이 작아진다. 이듬해 3월 중에 한번 김을 매는데, 맥근전(麥根田)도 위의 방법대로 한다. 메기장[黍]․콩[豆]․조[粟]․목맥근전(木麥根田)에서는 미리 곡식을 수확하기 전에, 긴 손잡이의 큰 낫으로 풀을 누레지기 전에 베어 밭두둑에 쌓아둔다. 곡식을 다 수확하면 그 풀을 밭에 두텁게 깔고 불태운 후 종자를 뿌리고, 재가 흩어지기 전에 간다. 척박한 밭에서는 풀을 두 배로 더 까는데, 만약 풀을 베지 못했다면 거름[糞]을 사용하며, 또한 대두(大豆)․소두(小豆)의 재배법과 동일하다. 간혹 그 밭에서 먼저 녹두나 호마를 파종하고, 5~6월 중에는 엄경(掩耕)[2] 하기 위해서 풀이 무성해지기를 기다린다. 그리고 나중에 씨를 뿌릴 때 다시 갈고 파종하는 것은 앞의 방법과 동일하다. 봄․여름 사이에 수양버들[細柳] 가지를 잘라 소․말을 키우는 외양간에 펼쳐둔다. 5~6일마다 꺼내어 쌓아서 거름[糞]을 만드는데, 특히 보리[麥]에 좋다. 대맥(大麥)․소맥(小麥)은 익는대로 베어내서 곧장 마당으로 옮기고, 거적[苫]으로 덮어서 비를 막는다. 만약 마당으로 옮기지 못했을 때는 밭두둑의 높은 곳으로 옮겨 덮어두어야 하며, 밤에 <마당으로> 옮겨온다. 맑은 날을 기다려 대맥․소맥[麥]을 마당에 얇게 펼친 후두텁게 펼치면 건조가 어렵다 , 건조 되는대로 전(輾)한다 전(輾)은 향명(鄕名)으로는 타작(打作)이다. 농가의 바쁜 일 가운데 대맥․소맥 농사보다 급한 게 없다. 옛말에 이르기를 ‘대맥․소맥을 다루는 것은 불을 끄는 것과 같다’라고 하였으니, 조금만 지체해도 끝내 재앙이 된다. 춘모(春麰)[3] 는 2월 중에 햇볕[陽氣]이 따뜻한 날에 심을[耕] 수 있으니, 2월이 지나면 그만둔다. 파종법․김매는 법․수확법은 가을보리[秋麥]와 동일하다.
English Translation
Cultivating Barley and Wheatincluding ch’unmo. As barley and wheat are the crop in between the previous year’s harvest and the next year’s harvest, they are the most critical for farms. Sowing for barren fields is done during paengnojŏl, for acceptable fields during ch’upun, and ten days after ch’upun for fertile fields.[Sowing] too early is also bad.There is an old saying: If sown early, then insects eat the [barley and wheat] while it grows joints. First, within the fifth and sixth months, plow the fields and dry them in the sun. Using a mokchakknown locally as sohŭlla,
smooth them flat, and at sowing time, plow the fields again. After sowing is complete, use a ch'ŏlch'ip'aknown locally as susuŭm or a mokchakpaeknown locally as sohŭllabae.
When covering the seeds, they should be densely covered.If sown early, then the roots grow deep and withstand cold, and if sown late, then the grains become small. Within the following third month, hoe the fields once, and for barley root fields refer to the above method. Before harvesting glutinous millet, bean, non-glutinous millet, and buckwheat root fields, use a large scythe with a long handle to cut the grass before it turns yellow and stack them in the boundaries around the fields. After harvesting the grain, spread the grass abundantly on top of the fields, burn them, scatter the seeds, and before the ashes scatter, plow the fields. Spread double the amount of grass for barren fields, and if the grass is not cut, use manure and the method for beans and red beans. Occasionally, first sow mung beans or sesame and wait until the grass is abundant for cutting and plowing within the fifth or sixth month. After sowing the seeds, the second plowing and sowing methods are the same as the previous method.In between spring and summer, trim willow branches and spread them in horse shed. Take them out every five or six days, stacking them to make manure which is especially good for barley. Barley and wheat are cut when they ripen accordingly, immediately moved to a yard, and covered with straw matting to prevent drenching from rain.If they are cannot be moved to the yard, then move them to a high place in the boundaries around the fields, then move them [to the yard] at night. On a clear day, spread the barley and wheat thinly on the yardif spread thickly, they will not dry well
and thresh them as they dry threshing is known locally as tajak. There is nothing that busies a farmer more than barley and wheat. An old saying says: Gathering barley and wheat is like putting out a fire, if you slow down even a little, it results in disaster. Barley sown in early spring can be planted during the second month on warm day with sunshine, and ends when the second month passes. Sowing, hoeing, and harvesting methods are the same as that of autumn barley.
Glossary
Mangjong
Night soil
Footnote
- ↑ 대맥(大麥)․소맥(小麥) : 대맥(大麥)은 보리를, 소맥(小麥)은 밀을 가리킨다.
- ↑ 엄경(掩耕) : 풀을 베어 내고, 그 풀을 경작지에 깐 후 갈아서 비료로 사용하는 것이다(** 이경록의 추측임).
- ↑ 춘모(春麰) : 봄보리이다.
