Morning Calm v.6 no.59(1895 May.)
THE MORNING CALM. No. 59, VOL. VI.] MAY 1895. [PRICE 1d.
목차
Note.
[Up to the time of going to press no Letter has been received from the Bishop.]
Association of Prayer and Work for Corea.
We have to record with great regret the removal from our lists of the names of two Secretaries in Sussex, the Rev. E. Ilbert Crosse, who is leaving Henfield, and Miss Edith Fowler, who is leaving Eastbourne. Mrs. William Twining, also, is obliged by ill health to give up her work for Corea as a Secretary at Bromyard and at Westminster, though we know that the Mission will not lose any of the warm interest she has given it from the first. We have heard with great sorrow of the death of our valued Secretary for Dorchester-Mrs. Barnes. We hope next month to be able to announce the appointment of a successor in this and some of the other vacant localities.
A considerable number of April reports have been sent in, although the earlier date has occasioned some difficulty in collecting the subscriptions due in the spring, and the amount of money received is consequently less than in the same quarter of last year. More will no doubt be received in July. We have very gladly entered the names of a large number of new members, including a long list of the members of the Sneyd Parish Missionary Guild, who keep our Association Rule. We are glad to hear of the starting of another working party for the Mission, at Worcester. It is under the management of Miss Wylde, and meets on the first and third Friday of each month.
The Annual Report will have been sent out before this is read, and we must repeat a very earnest request to Members of the Association who see Morning Calm, that if they do not receive their copy of the Report they will communicate with their Local Secretary, or with the General Secretary, as it is feared that some members who have changed their place of residence, and whose change of address has not been notified, will have been thus lost sight of.
The Secretary of the Portsmouth Orphanage Branch wishes to thank, through Morning Calm, some most kind 'Corea Associates at Nice,' who have sent her a parcel of work, giving no address to which she can write her grateful acknowledgments. M. M. CHAMBERS HODGETTS, General Secretary. Exeter, April 11th, 1895.
Note.
ANY readers of Morning Calm wishing for a copy of the Fourth Annual Report, should apply to Mr. H. Harvey, 125 Vassall Road, S.W., enclosing a penny stamp for postage. By kind permission of the Rector, who has also consented to take the chair, a meeting will be held on Saturday, May 11, at 4 P.M., in the Church House, Beckenham, when an address on the Corean Mission will be given by the Rev. M. N. Trollope. There will be a small exhibition of Corean curiosities, photographs, &c. The Church House is within a few minutes' walk of Beckenham Junction (L.C.D.R. and S.E.R.) Tea and coffee at 5 P.M.
Correspondence.
SIR, -I am glad to be able to report myself in the best of health again. Indeed, I was sufficiently recovered by Passion tide to be able to fulfil two long-standing engagements, one at St. Mary's, Wallingford, Berks (where Corea has many warm friends) on March 3, and the other (for S.P.G.) at the Parish Church, Croydon, on March 5. And during Holy Week and Easter I was able to give much-needed help to my very good friends, the clergy of the Parish Church, Beckenham. After preaching and speaking for S.P.G. at Exeter on April 28-29, I am due to do the same in London at the Corean Triennial Festival on May 1, as well as to speak at the great annual meeting of S.P.G. in St. James's Hall on May 9, and at a Corean Mission meeting on May 11 at Beckenham. Of this last event a notice will be found elsewhere in Morning Calm. I need only add here that Beckenham is easily accessible from the neighborhoods of Croydon, Sydenham, Lewisham, Bromley, and Chislehurst, and that there is a good service of trains on the S.E. Railway and L.C. and D. Railway, which will bring down any who care to come so far, from Victoria, Charing Cross, or the City in from twenty to thirty minutes.
I have an engagement which will make it impossible for me to do much preaching and speaking from the middle of May to the middle of June. But, as I have decided to postpone my departure, in consequence of my illness, &c., until the autumn, I can undertake to fulfil a certain number of engagements in the latter part of June and in July. I am, Sir, &c., MARK NAPIER TROLLOPE.
HOSPITAL OF ST. MATTHEW, SEOUL. Surgeon -E. H. BALDOCK, Esq., M.R.C.S.E, and L.R.C.P.L. Nurses-Sister ROSALIE, C.S.P. E. WEBSTER, Lay Assoc., C.S.P. Native Interpreter - Mr. Yi CHOONG SAI.
THE year 1894 has come to a close, and it is with no little satisfaction that I review the amount of work done and the progress that has been made. Not only are the actual numbers greatly in excess of last year, but the people themselves, we feel, are getting to know and trust us more. Nowhere is this better shown than in the nursing work, which has now been carried out for fourteen months. The sisters and nurses can do as they please with their patients, and the patients now know that almost their every wish will be gratified, if possible, and that sympathetic ears will listen at all times to their tales of woe. I cannot speak too highly of the nursing work in this country as carried out by the St. Peter's Sisterhood. Everything they do is done most thoroughly and efficiently; and this wish-to conscientiously leave nothing undone, but to do all with the thoroughness existing in larger hospitals- entails, short-handed as they are, an incredible amount of hard work. This year has made very great demands upon them. There has been the transferring of the hospital temporarily across the city to safer quarters; which meant that there was the same amount of work to do under difficult surroundings. Some of their number, too, have been seriously ill, requiring others to nurse them. There has also been a good deal of sickness among the Legation guard ; one of their men being so ill as to require a nurse's constant attention day and night for weeks; and lastly, notwithstanding all this extra work, nurses have been spared to attend several Private cases in the city. No one appreciates what can be done by skillful nursing better than the doctor, and I am delighted to have this opportunity afforded me of congratulating most heartily the sisters and nurses of St. Peter's, under the able supervision of Sr. Nora.
The hope expressed in my last report has been fulfilled, and now our hospital compound boasts of another large ward which will hold seven patients, increased accommodation for nurses -three can now live on the premises- and an operating room. An open colonnade joins the several buildings, which is much appreciated in bad weather.
Our first patients were put on the floor upon their own mattresses; we gradually introduced wooden bedsteads, and used them for bad cases. Owing to the generosity, however, of a friend of the Mission we now have twelve spring beds complete ; five are at present in use in the old ward and six more in the new. The only trouble we have with them is to make the patients turn out of bed. The old wooden ones are still used for fracture beds. The Corean rooms that are at our disposal will be used almost entirely for fever cases. The task of treating these latter in European style is far too great for our slender resources and the small number of workers. Last spring for three months there were seldom less than fifteen of these cases in-patients—at a time, and in one month I have admitted as many as fifty-eight. From this it is evident that it is impossible to do anything more than we do at present, and we congratulate ourselves that, even under these circumstances, the patients very nearly all recover,
Two cases of leprosy appeared at the surgery, one of each of its two most common forms. In both cases the disease was of very old standing, and in neither was there any knowledge of parents, friends, or acquaintances being affected with the same malady. In all the operations that I have performed chloroform has been my favorite anæsthetic. It has been given 102 times, while ether only counts four. A Corean, unless he is extremely ill, takes ether badly ; he gets drunk and noisy, and struggles a good deal more than with chloroform. There have been no accidents with the anæsthetic, though several anxious moments have occurred. Here again I am obliged to rely upon Sister Rosalie, who is now fast becoming quite an expert chloroformist; in several operations-notably one for cleft palate on a man aged thirty-five-her resources have been taxed to the utmost. Indigestion this year easily heads the list, as derangements of the stomach are almost universal among the Coreans. This is easily accounted for when it is remembered that their food in the vast majority of cases consists of large bowls of boiled rice and various vegetables-these latter being highly seasoned with red pepper-which they bolt by huge mouthfuls without ever calling their teeth into requisition. In the spring of last year 109 cases of the Corean fever, "Yempyeng," were admitted as in-patients. Or these only one died, an old man from consecutive bronchitis. As the fever in all cases runs a definite course and presents no very remarkable features, they will not be dealt with separately. I have had the opportunity of seeing during the summer of this year twenty cases of gunshot wounds. Some of these were produced by round balls, others by the new rifle bullets. These latter do by far the more extensive damage if they hit a bone, as they smash it and splinter it in all directions, while the former often just crack the bone and glance off into the soft parts. When the war was on the point of commencing a guard was sent up to the Legation and I was appointed to look after them. Since this there has always been a fair number of sick upon my hands. The first guard of bluejackets from H.M.S. Archer, after a long, weary tramp of twenty five miles, arrived in Seoul on July 19th. Sentries were posted, and several were the victims of sun stroke. English cholera and the common summer illnesses claimed a few more, while a great many suffered badly from the mosquitoes, a very venomous black species abounding around a tree under which was the favorite haunt of the men during the evening, This guard was replaced by marines on August 10th. They came up by river, but the boat stuck on the sand, and a long, dusty walk on a broiling afternoon was the result. Only one was overcome by the heat and had to be carried in by chair; he quickly recovered. Diarrhoea became very prevalent during the autumn, due partly to the eating of unripe or over-ripe fruit, partly from chills contracted on cool, damp nights, but more especially from the drought, there having been practically no rain since the end of July. Typhoid fever made its appearance and attacked three of the force. Two are convalescing, and one died. Our new ward at the hospital was used for them, it becoming impossible to take proper care of them in barrack rooms. Besides this, careful nursing was imperative, and it was thought better from all points of view to transfer the sick to the Nak Tong hospital, where everything is to hand that could possibly be required. We cannot but feel pleased that a work which is almost entirely supported by naval men should thus unexpectedly be able to render assistance to others of the same service. It only remains for me to tender my best thanks to the Committee of the Naval Fund for their kind consideration and thoughtfulness in sending out a most welcome addition to our resources in the shape of surgical instruments, dressings, and drugs. E. H. BALDOCK.
CASES TREATED DURING 1894. Men Women Children Total New Cases 4,159 950 864 5,973 Old Cases 6,842 Total Attendance 12,815
[The tables containing the new cases classified under the specified diseases were being printed at the Mission press when the report was forwarded to England.]
DISPENSARY FOR WOMEN AND CHILDREN AND HOSPITAL OF THE ADVENT.-REPORT, 1894.
ALTHOUGH the past year has been one of trouble and disturbance in Corea, it is with pleasure and great thankfulness I am able to report a marked increase in the attendance of patients at the dispensary and of those admitted into the hospital ; more sick persons have been visited in their own homes, and in some cases, of higher rank than in the two previous years. During the year there have been 2,187 new patients at the dispensary, with a total attendance of 6,121. These numbers, I think, show that Corean women are at last beginning to appreciate Western medical treatment. The rebellion in the south of Corea, followed by the war, has not been the drawback to the medical work from anti-foreign feeling which was at first anticipated ; on the contrary, many women asked to be taken under our protection in the event of an attack on Seoul itself, and when the Palace was seized by the Japanese several came to the dispensary for safety and spent the night there. At that time many families of the upper classes left Seoul for the country, thinking they would be safer there; those remaining in the city are inclined to be more friendly with foreigners, and several visits, professional and social, have been paid in the houses of some of the lesser nobles. An entrance having once been effected into these houses, it is hoped their door will not be closed to us again. Although the hospital was practically closed to women for nearly three months during the time the wards were occupied by the patients from St. Matthew's Hospital, the numbers admitted have greatly increased in comparison with last year. Altogether 106 patients have received treatment in the hospital this year; many of the women have undergone serious surgical operations. All have left more or less grateful for the nursing attention they have received from the Sisters. A great improvement has been effected in the hospital management by partitioning off a room in the dispensary for the use of the Sister nursing in the hospital. As the Sister now lives in the compound, the native resident attendant, or amah, has been dispensed with, and the change has been highly beneficial to the patients, who are never left without supervision. The contentment and happiness prevailing among the sick are marked features in the hospital, and tell well for the loving care bestowed upon them by the nurses. Thirty-five out-visits have been paid, and twenty-eight new patients seen in their own houses—all Coreans. Professional visits have been paid in six houses of the upper classes residing in Seoul. The rest of the sick have been principally persons of the agricultural and laboring classes in or near Seoul and in the villages around, but not beyond a distance of six miles. I append to the report classified and detailed lists of the diseases treated in the dispensary and hospital. Before closing I night perhaps mention something with regard to the Missionary aspect of my work. In Corea there are numbers of native women doctors-witches, as we should call them-who are largely consulted by their fellow country-women in sickness. In severe cases of illness a witch is frequently called in to exorcise the evil spirit of the disease, e.g., the demon of smallpox, &c. These women doctors or witches usually live in good houses, where they have a room set apart hung round with pictures- these probably represent the evil spirit causing disease-and here they and their clients worship or propitiate the evil spirits, or Koui Sin. I have several times been asked where my Koui Sin house is ; whether I do not greatly fear the Ma Koui, or devil, and the Koui Sin, and whether I daily worship or try to propitiate them. These questions have led to conversations-sadly limited at present on my side for lack of a better knowledge of the language-in which I have endeavored to tell them Who it is I worship, &c. In one instance I have been able at various times to read some portion of "Lumen” to these enquirers. In conclusion, I warmly thank those kind friends who have sent special gifts in money or kind for the dispensary and hospital. We have been most grateful for them, and they have been very cheering to us and our patients. [Here follow the tables : -Dispensary :- The 2,187 new cases are specified under 80 detailed headings in a classified list of diseases. The cases of "fevers" number 103, 91 being malaria and 12 Impyeng ; " diseases of respiratory system" 168 ; " digestive” 646; "cutaneous" 574 ; "eye and appendages" 216; "abscesses" 86, and "ulcers ” 103. Hospital :-The 106 cases treated during the year are specified under 46 detailed headings in a classified list of diseases. Under each is also given the numbers “cured," "relieved," " discharged otherwise," " died"; the totals under these heads being respectively 67, 17, 18, and 4. The number of fever cases was 14 (12 being Impyeng), all discharged "cured." LOUISE R. COOKE, L.R.C.P. & S. Edin., &c., Medical Officer to the Dispensary for Women and Children, and Hospital of the Advent. Seoul: December 31st, 1894.
The Spirit of Missions.
“EXPERIENCE teaches us that Christianity has only made a firm and living progress where from the first it has brought with it the seeds of all human culture, although they have only developed by degrees." - Neander. At our stations a certain portion of the work of the station is done by paid servants, but also a certain part by our boys. They clean up the courtyards and the rooms of the Europeans and the schoolrooms, and help to sweep out the church. We teach them to do this as some kind of return for what they receive. They are taught and fed and clothed and housed for nothing, and the work they do is very little indeed, nor do we as a rule have much trouble about it. They are perfectly willing. But One boy I had a good deal of trouble with. He heard the Mohammedans call our boys slaves, and it had influenced him. So on Saturday, which is our cleaning up day, he made a great fuss, and said sweeping was “slavery," and he would not do it. So I told him," If you do not like to sweep, you must leave the Mission. There is the door, and just to show you that it is not slavery, you may choose either to sweep or go." He chose to go. Some time afterwards I heard that he had gone to Magila. I wrote to Mr. Woodward and told him why he had left us, and Mr. Woodward sent him away, telling him he could come back to Mkuzi if he was willing to do as the other boys. He wandered about the country for some time, and at last one evening he came up to my room, with one of my boys to intercede for him. They sat on theground at my feet according to the usual custom, and looked at me, and I asked them: “Well, what is it?” And the other boy said : “Sir, he has come back." Well, I wanted to know exactly in what spirit he had come back, for I knew that unless he was really very sorry it would be no good. So I said, “Well, cannot he ask himself?” There was a short silence, and then I looked up and saw the tears trickling down his poor little cheeks, and my heart yearned towards him. Then he blurted out: "Sir! why should I perish?" I was only too glad to have him back, needless to say ; so back he came, and I have not heard of his giving any more trouble about his work." —Rev. Godfrey Dale, of the U.M.C.A.
The Rev. J. Roberts is a Welsh clergyman, whom his mother "dedicated to the Lord in her own heart and mind from his childhood. It was the one great wish and prayer of her life that he should be a Missionary." He was sent by the Society to the Bahamas, and is now working in the diocese of Wyoming, whence his Bishop writes of him :-" The Rev. John Roberts is one of the ablest men in my diocese, and as I travelled on my horse over hundreds of miles, as we continually do in these wild regions, I visited his Mission among two tribes of Indians, who had never seen the face of a white man before! In less than five years the whole of one tribe has been baptized, and the other tribe, we hope, will soon receive the Saviour.” Speaking of him again at the Missionary Conference, the Bishop said: "A man more devoted cannot be found in the whole Anglican Communion to-day, as I believe. He is a man of purity of life, of unusual culture, and a man of Apostolic devotion. There he is devoting and consecrating his young life to the service of the Indians in that lonely country. I remember when I first went to see him. After spending about ten days in his Mission. I said to him as I went to leave, ‘Now, my dear fellow, let me say to you, that if you ever get lonely here, and if you ever get discouraged and desire to leave, I shall be glad to give you the best Parish at my disposal. I shall never forget how he looked at me, and with what a sad expression. ‘Ah’, he said, Bishop, are you going to take me away from my Red men ?' ‘Oh’,
I said, 'I did not mean that ; but do you not often get very much discouraged?' Why, not at all,' he replied: ‘they are very kind to me. No, Bishop, I have come here to live and to die, and I propose, if you will only permit me, to spend my life here among the Red men, and when I die. I wish to be buried here among my own people.' Now, there is a life of which the whole Anglican Communion may be proud, and that life has been contributed to my diocese by the Church of England." Mission Field, We have just received the first two numbers of the Natal Diocesan Gazette, which is just the model of what such a paper ought to be. It opens with a monthly letter from the Bishop, graphic and detailed enough to enable readers to really enter into his work. This is followed by news of the usual kind from the various parishes, diocesan news and letters from correspondents. But perhaps the best part of the Magazine is editorial; the leading articles and short paragraphs are alike excellent in their freshness and directness. Beginning at an auspicious time - just when the old name of Natal has been happily reclaimed, instead of that of Maritzburg which has been used for many years-the Magazine promises to do a good work in the future for the life of the whole diocese, and we wish it well in every possible way.
We take over the following from its pages :-"A remarkable coincidence in a recent Guardian gives an illustration of how much good may be done by a single Christian family. It happens by pure accident that there are three adjacent paragraphs describing the good works in various parts of the world of three brothers. The Rev. A. W. Robinson has been, in company with Canon Carter of Truro, conducting a mission in New Zealand, and the two missioners stayed on their way with the Primate of Australia, and gave addresses in Sydney Cathedral to the Clergy. A succeeding paragraph gives information by Dr. Robinson who is working as a medical missionary in Nyasaland. A third paragraph just after describes the Rev. C. H. Robinson's journey up the Niger, where he is making an heroic attempt to take up the work for which his brother laid down his life, the work of crossing the fever-stricken districts which, with the Sahara on the north, have formed an absolute barrier to the invasion of the Hausa country for Christ. This mission is supported and watched with eager interest not only by the Church, but also by the leading philologists at home, such as Profs. Max Müller and Sayce, as the Hausa language is as yet but little known: No competent scholar has succeeded in studying it in its own home, but only among those of the Hausas who have settled in Tripoli and other parts. Mr. Robinson, who died of fever, had already commenced the translation of the New Testament, but the work was cut short by his untimely death. These records of the Robinson brothers have a special interest to the Editor, as the family lived a few doors from him at Greenwich, and the sisters were devoted workers in the Parish. Two other brothers are clergymen at Cambridge, one a Professor." The Bishop of Calcutta has signified his intention of resigning his see in the course of the present year, after an Episcopate which has been a great advance, both in the increased number of converts, in the work of the three University Missions, and in the foundation of the Bishoprics of Lucknow and Chota Nagpur. "Should Dr. Johnson live to carry out his intention," says the Churchman, "he will be the first Bishop of that historic see who has retired. Dean Vaughan has well said that there has been a halo of true heroism surrounding the Bishopric of Calcutta. Its first Bishop, the learned Dr. Middleton, died in Calcutta ; Reginald Heber, the poet Bishop, was found dead in his bath at Trichinopoly ; Bishops James and Turner died at their posts after very brief episcopates; the Venerable Daniel Wilson, who resigned the valuable benefice of Islington for foreign service, expired at Calcutta at an advanced age; Dr. Cotton, the friend of Arnold, and master of Marlborough, was drowned by accident in Assam; and Robert Milman, whose whole life breathed the truest heroism, died in the midst of active missionary work on the frontier of Afghanistan."
One of the large native daily newspapers in northern Japan says : " Our forty millions to-day have a higher standard of morality than we have ever known. There is not a boy or girl throughout the empire who has not heard of the one-man, on-woman doctrine. Our ideas of loyalty and obedience are higher than ever. And, when we inquire the cause of this great moral advance, we can find it in nothing else than the religion of Jesus."—New York Spirit of Missions. Bishop Tucker, alter a very trying journey on the mainland has been ill with fever, and took shelter in the Central African Mission Hospital at Zanzibar. "But it is pleasant to feel." says Central Africa, “that we can do a little service to our fellow workers by reason of our nursing staff."
