Morning Calm v.22 no.127(1911 Jan.)

Editorial Notes.

The late Bishop.

THE news of the death of our beloved Bishop reached the readers of MORNING CALM through the secular press. To those of us who were more closely in touch with the Mission Field the announcement came without the suddenness with which it fell upon others, though with the same sense of calamity. On every band the spontaneous expressions of sympathy which have poured in, both from Korea as well as from England, make it evident that Arthur Turner was no ordinary man; but one whom everyone who knew him loved. Letter after letter speaks of his death as “a personal loss.” Whether it were Korean, Japanese Foreign resident, or just a worker for the Mission at home, it was all the same; if he was known, however slightly, he was loved. At the moment of his death even this sense of personal loss gave way to a feeling of anxiety for the infant Church in Korea. The blow seemed to be so heavy, falling just at a critical moment in the history both of the country and the Church. But, as the Archbishop of Canterbury so well said, "God takes His workers, but the work goes on." And so it is that, after the first shock of our sorrow. We realise the great truth of this, and are able to share that marvellous joy which characterised the behaviour of the faithful Koreans at the moment of his death and at the graveside. One wonders whether we English Christians, who live so engrossed in the present, would have draped our Altar with festal hangings and poured out a triumphant "Te Deum." Truly the Church has much to gain from her Eastern children! Our own thoughts were of death, theirs of life; our feelings were of loss and fear, theirs of gain and joyful hope.

The Requiem.

A full account of the funeral services will be found elsewhere. It remains to record the part we took in them here at home. By the kindness of the Rector, we were allowed to hold our Requiem at the Church of St. Nicholas, Cole Abbey--a church which is becoming familiar to us through holding of recent years, the Annual Festival there. The Celebrant was Rev. C. N. Kelly (the Rector), and Canon Brooke, who has known Bishop Turner for the whole of his ministerial career, was the preacher. Many who would have wished to be present found it impossible to come owing to the selection of Saturday for the service--but that was unavoidable. Again we had a choir of priests; and what could have been more appropriate for such a service! Other services were held in different parts of the country.

The Bishop Turner Memorial Fund.

As soon as possible a meeting of the Central Com-mittee was called to discuss the best way in which to perpetuate the memory of the Bishop. At first it seemed that the best thing to do was to concentrate all our energies upon the Catechists' College. It was rightly felt that nothing is of such vital importance at this time as the establishment of the College. The Mission only exists in Korea for the ultimate purpose of building up the Korean Church which shall be served by a Native Ministry. We are there not as permanent spiritual overlords, but as occupiers in the Name of Christ until we have achieved this purpose.

A scheme was at first discussed which included the building of a chapel within the Catechists' College and the endowment of Bursaries. It was subsequently realised that in doing this by way of a Memorial, we should be doing that for which there are means in existence already. As a great many of our readers now know, it was finally decided to give expression to one of Bishop Turner's last requests to the readers of MORNING CALM. In the opinion of the Conference, held last June in Korea, the time has now come when a Central Church, adequate in size and dignity, was needed for the Diocese. The Central Committee, in appealing for money to erect a chapel, which shall be known as the "Bishop Turner Memorial Chapel,” wish it to be clearly understood that no action for the commencement of the building can be taken immediately. Many things will need to be well considered by the Bishop's successor. One of the most important of which must be the district in which such a building will prove most useful to the work of the Mission. The chapel when built, will be the first step towards the main building, and will serve as the Lady Chapel. In the meantime it is hoped that liberal contributions will be made to the fund in order that a worthy Memorial to our dear Bishop, and a beautiful and dignified building for the service of God, may be raised.  

Finance.

All will be anxious to know how far we have got towards meeting the estimates for this year. It is hoped that an announcement may be made in our next issue, but as all the contributions for this year have not been received, it is impossible to say how far we have succeeded. However well we may have done in this direction in 1910, there is no doubt that even greater calls will be made upon us in 1911. The work is developing on all sides, and in order to meet these developments a larger staff is inevitable. The men are ready. Whether they can take up the work to which we believe they have been called, depends upon what sacrifices we are prepared to make. ________________________________________ St. Michael's, Bromley, E., gave Mr. Hodges a real "East End" send-off. They will miss him sorely, but they gave him to Korea willingly. He took away with him their affections and many beautiful and useful gifts—notably a sanctuary lamp, which will burn before the Altar of the College Chapel at, we hope, no very distant date. High Wycombe has given Mr. Standfast, who sailed November 18, and who should reach Korea early in the New Year. Doctor Nancy Borrow left England December 30, and goes to join Dr. and Mrs. Weir at Chemulpo for at least a year. Mr. Dallas, the second Dorchester student to go out, was ordained Deacon by the Bishop of Southwark at his Advent ordination, and will leave at once for the Far East. The Rev. Stanley Smith, at present assistant priest at Eltham, has been accepted for service, and will eventually join Mr. Hodges on the staff of the Catechists' College. Bishop Montgomery, who is making a tour of the Far Eastern Mission stations, ordained Messrs. Weston and Hewlett priests on Sunday, December 11, at Seoul. We look forward with great interest to the Bishop's report of the work in Korea. ________________________________________ A letter from Mr. Gurney will be found in another place to which we wish to draw special attention. The provision of Eucharistic vessels such as he asks for are very badly needed, and we hope that they may be given. The Editor will gladly receive any contributions made towards the object (Address, 5 Amen Court, E.C.). We are also asked to remind our readers that Miss Seaton (Beavor Lodge, Hatch End) has a large stock of picture post-cards of Korean scenes, as well as portraits of Bishop Turner and Bishop Corfe. By buying these the funds of the Mission will be much benefited. ________________________________________ The Executive Committee will meet on Tuesday, January 17, at 15 Tufton Street, at 11.30 A.M.  

In Memoriam.

THE Bishop, although strong and healthy when he first came to Korea, in 1896, felt the effects of the climate, and of late years had never been very strong. Added to this, his Episcopate has been marked by a wonderfully rapid growth of the work, and by rapid political changes in the country, which had given him more than an ordinary burden to bear; and although there had been no special cause for anxiety, yet we had all noticed that the strain was telling on him. Early in August the Bishop went to Japan for a rest, and stayed some weeks with Bishop and Mrs. Foss at Kokkosan, near Kobe. Unfortunately, the rest and change did not have the desired effect, and on his return to Korea the Bishop took up his quarters at St. Luke's Hospital, Chemulpo, where he remained until his death. He had suffered chiefly from troubles caused by internal abscesses, and some minor operations were found to be necessary. But although the operations were successfully performed, the Bishop's lack of strength told against him, and though everything was done which human skill could devise, he gradually became weaker. For some little while this was so gradual that there were hopes there would be a turn for the better, but on Monday, October 24, he began to get worse, and very soon his mind began to wander, with lucid intervals. If sufficiently roused, he could recognise those about him, and was often able to question and answer any member of the Mission who came to see him. On Wednesday he was decidedly worse and it was felt that he was dying. On Thursday morning one of the Priests of the Mission was able for a few minutes to speak to him about his probable departure. He said that he had been thinking about the probability of it; and when mention was made of the happiness of the future life and the work he would do for us there, he said " Yes," but that there were one or two reasons why he would not like to go now, referring, no doubt, to the critical state of things--both in the Mission, owing to its lack of staff, and to the new régime caused by the annexation of the country by Japan. He was then asked whether he would like to receive the Holy Sacrament, but before he could give a definite answer his mind began to wander again. He had been communicated regularly during his illness, several of the Mission Priests sharing the privilege of celebrating for him. During the day he had short lucid intervals, and when Dr. Laws came down to see him in the afternoon he knew him at once and asked after Mrs. Laws. In the evening the Priest tried to speak to him again and asked for any messages he might wish to send, and after giving some messages he was asked whether he would like to have some prayers said for him, and he preferred Evensong, because, he said, “There is so much in Evensong.” He Joined in the Confession, the Lord's Prayer, and part of the Magni-ficat and Creed, and then he sank again into unconsciousness. He had been in the habit of saying Matins and Evensong during his illness, and although during the earlier part he refused to let us say it for him, when he became weaker he allowed Miss Pooley to act as congregation and to read the Psalms and Lessons for him. On Friday morning early it was seen that the end was drawing near, and although at a quarter past four he was able to take some nourish-ment and to talk quite lucidly, he lapsed again into unconscious-ness and became too weak either to speak or to receive nourishment. Many of the Korean Christians had been desirous of seeing him during his illness, but while there was hope of his recovery it was felt that any such interviews would hinder his progress, and very few were allowed to see him; but when the doctor found there was no hope of his recovery, he felt that the Christians had a right to see their Bishop and to bid him farewell. So those who were within reach came in to see him, and after singing hymns and praying earnestly for him they, both men and women, came one by one and took his hands, and some of them said the most pathetic words of farewell, looking forward to the time they would meet him again in Paradise and on the Day of Judgment. The Bishop was so weak that we could not tell whether he understood. Most of the day was spent in the Bishop's room, singing hymns and praying with him, both Koreans and Europeans being present. Once, when we were saying the Lord's Prayer in Korean, he lifted his right hand to bless us, and we knew that, although he could not speak, he knew what we were doing. About three o'clock we felt the end was coming, and we all knelt round the bed and prayed and sang for him. Gradually the breathing became more and more laboured, and at ten minutes past four, as Mr. Badcock had finished the Commendatory prayer, our Bishop passed away into Life.

So ended a life on earth which had for the keynote a generous love for others; and so ended, too, a day which one who was present appropriately called a "happy day." None of us, either Europeans or Koreans, to the end of our days will forget the spiritual experi-ence we had when kneeling, hour after hour, by his bed. To all of us it will be a treasured memory, for we ended the day with thoughts of Life, and not of Death.

It is a great comfort to us all that our Bishop should have been at St. Luke's Hospital, where he was so lovingly cared for. Nothing was ever left undone which could be done, and not as a professional duty, but in the spirit of a deep affection, which the Bishop greatly appreciated and reciprocated.

The Bishop's body was vested in cassock, rochet, stole and chasuble, with his pectoral cross and ring. On Saturday, just as the last rays of the setting sun reddened the sea, we took him down the hill to the little Church of St. Michael, and there he lay till midday on Monday. The church was decorated, as for a festival with the beautiful hangings which were given in memory of M Cartwright. At 8 PM, the Christians assembled for Evengong and preparation for Holy Communion, and from that time until the next evening the Chemulpo Christians, both men and women, had the privilege of watching by their Bishop's body. On Sunday morning we had our Eucharist, with our hearts very full of our Bishop, and we gave special thanks to God for him and his work, and for the many kindnesses to each of us personally. The rest of the services were as usual. In the evening a large contingent of

THE BODY RESTING IN THE CHURCH OF ST. MICHAIL, CHEMULPO.

Kanghwa Christians arrived, men and women, and they then had the privilege of watching until midday on Monday. On Monday morning at 7 A.M. there was a special service for our Kanghwa Christians, and at 1 P.M., before the removal of the body to Seoul, there was a farewell service, at which Japanese officials, foreign residents and the Koreans attended. Immediately after the service the body was brought by the Christians in procession to the station, in which Koreans and foreigners joined, singing hymns. A special van had been reserved for the coffin, and the clergy. catechists, and senior Christians travelled with it. When the train reached Seoul it was met by a large crowd of people, both Koreans and foreigners, who had been personal friends of the Bishop. Specially noticeable were Bishop Mutel, of the French Roman Catholic Mission, the Archimandrite and Father Cyril of the Russian Mission, Dr. Gale and others of the Presbyterian Mission, Colonel Hoggard and others of the Salvation Army, Mr. Brockman of the Y.M.C.A., of which society the Bishop was president, and members of other Missions. Japanese officials from the Residency and many members of the Consular Service were also present. A procession was again formed, the coffin (now borne by the Seoul and Su Won Christians in turn) was conveyed to the Church of the Advent. A Litany was sung on the way, the Priests acting as cantors, and the Su Won schoolboys acting as the choir. At the Church of the Advent the first part of the Burial Service was taken, with hymns sung in two languages.

During the evening a special service was taken in Korean, and the Seoul, Su Won, and Chin-Chun Christians had the privilege of watching by the coffin all night. On All Saints' Day the Holy Eucharist was celebrated in Korean at 6.30 A.M. The Church was filled to overflowing, many kneeling round the church outside. At 8 A.M. there was a celebration in English, the celebrant being Mr. Wilson, who had been ordained Priest by the Bishop, Mr. Hewlett assisting, he having received Deacon's orders from him. At 9 A.M. a funeral service was held in church for the Korean brethren; at 10 A.M. another, for foreigners, which was attended by all the heads of departments of the Japanese Residency, members of the Consular Services, members of our own Mission, and great numbers of our Bishop's personal friends, and representatives of the various Missions who were also his personal friends. The Korean band, under Mr. Eckhart, played appropriate selections both before and after the service. The body was removed from the church by the Catechists from the different stations, and was borne to the cemetery, five miles out of the city, by selected Chris-tians from each station of the Mission. During the journey those in the procession, which was a very large one, sang hymns, and when the cemetery was reached the service was first read in English and then in Korean, the hymns sung in the two languages. After the service many came to make their last farewell, and many were deeply affected. All the arrangements, which were necessarily very complicated, went through without a hitch, and we have to thank the Japanese authorities for all the help they gave us, even to putting police at different points on the road and ordering the villages en route to water the roads.

All our services were of a joyous character, for we felt that we ought to put away our own selfish grief and to joy with the Bishop in his new Life, and to show forth our thankfulness for the glorious hope of the Resurrection. Many telegrams and letters of condolence have been received by the Mission, most noticeably a message from Viscount Terauchi, the Governor-General of Korea, who had been much concerned about

THE GRAVE IN THE CEMETERY AT SEOUL.

The cross on the eight them the need a Shter than then the part of Step Cart the Bishop during his illness. He had several times sent to make inquiries about his progress, and had sent fruit and flowers.

The following expression of sympathy has been received. His Majesty's kind thought will be deeply appreciated by the friends of the Mission, and especially by the supporters of H.N.F.:-- "The King is grieved to hear of the death of Bishop Turner. It is too sad to think that this young, useful life should have been so suddenly cut short in the midst of the great work which he had undertaken in Korea."

The following Resolution on the death of Bishop Turner was adopted at the monthly meeting of the S.P.G., all the members present standing :-- "Bishop Turner's death is a cause of real sorow to Korea, and   to all who love the gallant Mission to that land. He had been one of the staff of priests there for eight years before he became the Bishop. From the Cathedral Staff of Newcastle-on-Tyne, Arthur Beresford Turner offered himself for Korea in 1895. His aptness for the many-sided work soon became apparent, and his personality became by degrees to be felt as one of the elements of strength and unity in the Church's pioneers in that field of work which has so many unique features. When the first Bishop of Korea, Bishop Corfe, decided that the headship of the Mission should pass to other hands, it was felt that the Episcopate should be entrusted to Arthur Turner. The result has amply justified the choice. A man most acceptable to Korean, Japanese and European officials, with an intimate knowledge of many things which people outside Korea cannot grasp, with tact, and a power of keeping his fellow-workers in the best relations to himself and to each other, and above all by the beauty of his character, Bishop Turner has given Korea what has proved of the utmost value. Just at this period in the history of the country, his being taken away seems to be a reason for keen regret. But in the hands of the Great Head of the Church, we trust that fruit of Bishop Turner's labours will abun-dantly show in the years before us."

"The Central Administrative Board of the Nippon Sei-Ko-kwai in behalf of the Nippon Sei-Ko-kwai wishes to express to the Chosen Sei-Ko-kwai their deep regret at the death of Bishop Turner, and also to extend to the Church in Korea heartfelt sympathy with them in their great loss."

From Naide Yasutaro, Priest, representing the Standing Com-mittee of the Diocese of Kyoto:-- "We deeply regret to have heard with sorrow that your beloved Bishop has entered into his rest. We are especially distressed that this should have occurred while the Church in Korea is still so young; but we cannot fully understand the ways of God, and therefore we bow ourselves to His Will. We earnestly pray that by God's grace and blessing the work which His loved and loyal servant has done for the Church in Korea may bear its full fruit in the future of that Church. "The Clergy and Laity of the diocese of Kyoto send this mark of condolence to the Church in Korea."

"We deeply regret to hear of the death of Arthur Turner, Bishop of the Church in Korea. "We send this letter to express our deep sympathy with you in your loss-- "KOBA MAGOHIKO, "Priest representing the Standing Committee of Osaka Diocese to the Clergy and Laity of the Church in Korea."   Bishop Cecil and Bishop Foss have also sent messages of sym-pathy.

At a meeting of the Standing Committee of the Diocese of South Tokyo on November 5, 1910, it was unanimously resolved to send (through one of their members, Ven. A F. King) to the Clergy and Laity of the Diocese of Korea a brief message of sympathy in this most sad loss of their beloved Bishop, the Right Rev. Arthur B. Turner, D.D. In effect what the Standing Committee wished to say was as follows:-- "Never at any time did the presence of the late Bishop seem to be more needed than now in the changing history of Korea. Here in Japan even we had long realised that in him we had a man of large-hearted outlook, and his name was honoured and held in affectionate regard by many leading Japanese of our Nippon Sej-Ko-kwai. Specially great is the loss to all of you in his Diocese; but great also is the loss to the whole of our Church in the Far East. We thank God for the faithful life and work of this true Father in God; and we pray the Lord of the Harvest to comfort you all, and in His mercy to send you a wise and faithful Bishop to succeed him who now rests from his labours--though not, we are sure, from prayer on behalf of his beloved Diocese. "ARMINE F. KING, Archdeacon in S. Tokyo. For the Standing Committee of S. Tokyo."

SEOUL, October 31, 1910. MESSIEURS,-- I beg your pardon to express my sincere regret for the lamentable death of Rt. Rev. Bishop A. B. Turner, who has per-formed the valuable work for civilisation of this land. Still, I am sorry that our Education Bureau has lost a good and faithful co-operator in our educational work. Further, I express my deep sympathy for the loss of your Mission, which has been caused by his eternal rest. Very sincerely yours, T. SEKIYA, Director of Education Bureau, Dept. of Internal Affairs.

SEOUL, Oct. 31, 1910. MESSIEURS,-- I beg your pardon to express my sincere regret for the lamentable death of Rt. Rev. Bishop A. B. Turner, who has per-formed the valuable work for civilisation of this land. Further, I express my deep sympathy for the loss of your Mission, which has been caused by his eternal rest. Very sincerely yours, K. USAMI. Director of the Department of Internal Affairs.   PYENGYANG, KOREA, Oct. 30, 1910. Dr. H. H. Weir, Chemulpo. DEAR DOCTOR WEIR,-- I heard a few hours ago of the death of Bishop Turner, and as the news, though indirect, comes after seeing in the paper how critical he was, I am constrained to believe it, and also knowing how seriously and how long he had been sick. I know everything modern medical science and nursing could do has been done, and we, his friends, all hoped to the last that the Lord would spare him for further usefulness. It seemed as if his widening career--for his influence for good extended far beyond the confines of his own Mission--was at its brightest, and that is what is often noticeable in the Christian career; and on they go for higher service. We here in our home cherished the good Bishop as a friend and a high standard Christian, and I wish you would see that his friends and family know of our sorrow and sympathy with them in the sadness of his death, and the assurance to them also of our appre-ciation of his goodness, kindliness, and helpfulness, for as we had the honour to entertain him in our home, we know, that much more intimately, of his splendid character. We extend our condolences, and also rejoice in having had the friendship and good-will of one who is now a saint in glory and merits it. Yours sincerely, DR. & MRS. J. H. WELLS.

IN addition to these expressions of sympathy, letters were received from Mrs. Collbran, Archdeacon King of Tokyo, Mr. W. Maconnell of Chemulpo, and many others. We give the following as showing how much respected and loved Bishop Turner was beyond the members of his own flock by those of other Christian bodies:-- SONGDO. November 7. 1910. MY DEAR MR. BADCOCK, -- I have only just heard of the death of Bishop Turner. He was a man of a lovely and genial spirit. He won the hearts of all. In personally feeling the loss of a friend I realise to some extent how great a loss you must feel. To you and, through you, to all the members of your Mission I extend deep and Christian sympathy. I am yours sincerely, C. T. COLLYER, American Methodist Episcopal Mission, South   AUSTRALIAN PRESBYTERIAN MISSION, FUSAN, KOREA. October 30, 1910. MY DEAR MR. BADCOCK,-- I have just heard the sad news of Bishop Turner's home-going, and hasten to express our deepest sympathy with your Mission in the terrible loss it has thereby sustained. May God be with you all very specially in this trying hour! I wish that circumstances were such that I could be at the funeral on Tuesday, but as a deputation is due here on that day from Australia, it will be impossible for me to get away then. We here have fellowship with you now in your great sorrow, and we join you in earnest prayer that the relatives far away may. through the blessed assurance of the Divine wisdom and love, be comforted and sustained in their sore bereavement. With Christian regards, Yours very sincerely, ANDREW ADAMSON.

October 29, 1910. MY DEAR MR. BADCOCK,-- I cannot tell you with what sorrow and regret it was that we heard to-day of the sad, sad loss that your Mission has sustained The death of Bishop Turner is a loss, not only to your Church and Mission, but to all Korea and to the cause of Christ in this land, and a personal loss to us individually. At such a time words are altogether inadequate to express one's feelings, but we want you to know that we sympathise with you and pray that God will sustain you all at this time. Yours in His Name, H. G. UNDERWOOD, American Presbyterian Mission.

DEAR M. BADCOCK,-- At the Union Church Service this afternoon I was directed as pastor to communicate to your Mission the sympathy that we all feel in the loss of your beloved Bishop Turner. We all held him in the highest esteem both as a friend and as a fellow-labourer in the Kingdom of our Lord Jesus Christ. We feel deeply his loss and that his place will be hard to fill. May the Great Shepherd of us all, in His wisdom and love, supply to our field of labour that need which comes from the home-taking of one so mighty in our midst ! Our earnest prayers are for all who feel and mourn the loss of Bishop Turner Yours sincerely, J. L GOODWIN, Pastor Union Church, Seoul. October 30, 1910.   From an official in the British Vice-Consulate at Seoul to his father :-- "We are all very sad this week, for the Bishop is dying. Indeed, to-day's bulletin states that he cannot live through the day. He has blood-poisoning and has been ill for over a month now. I cannot express what it means to us all--every foreigner in this motley com-munity. There are very few who do not owe him much, and he has always been a true friend, cheery and sympathetic, to us. His Mission, for which he has really given his life--for he has never spared himself--is simply broken-hearted, and his place can never be filled. I have often told you how I like him. He is a man in a million--broad-minded and good, and a splendid type of the best Englishman. "No one who has met and known him can ever forget him, for his life has been a perfect pattern."

Association of Prayer and Work for Korea.

FOR many weeks there can have been but one thought uppermost in the minds of all of us as we have prayed and worked for Korea--the thought of the Bishop, whom many of us knew and loved so well, and who has been so unexpectedly taken from us.

If ever we have felt the value and strength of the Association we must have felt it now, as we realise, more than ever before, how closely we are still united in our Intercession with those beyond the Veil. As members of A.P.W. we have lost our President, but surely he cares for Korea no less, and is still working and praying with us.

May his life of self-sacrifice stimulate us all to fresh effort, above all to more regular and earnest prayer for the extension of Christ's Kingdom in Korea and throughout the world!

The past quarter has seen many changes in our list of A.P.W. Secretaries. We have lost two County Secretaries, e.g. the Dowager Lady Burrell in Sussex, and Miss Ashwin in Suffolk, and the latter has also been obliged to resign the Local Secretaryship for Bury St. Edmunds. Other centres now vacant are Cambridge, Great Yar-mouth, and St. Albans. Many thanks are due to those who have filled these vacancies, whether County or Local, for so long, and it is hoped that others will be good enough to offer to take their places. Will members kindly consider whether they have friends in these centres who would be likely to help us ? Miss Porter, after many years of zealous work, is resigning the Local Secretaryship for Beckenham, but we are very glad that she is still with us as a corresponding member. Her successor, Mrs. Borrowman, whose sister-in-law has joined the Mission Staff in Korea, is warmly welcomed by A.P.W. Two of our old centres are again represented. Harleston by Miss Wilby, and Surbiton by Miss Brown, to both of whom we are very grateful.

In addition to these we have four entirely new centres--St. Michael and All Angels, Bromley by Bow (the parish which has lately parted with the Rev. Cecil Hedges for work in Korea), Henley-on-Thames, Longton (Staffs.), and Sea View (1.-of-W.), represented respectively by Miss Brooksmith, Miss Dell, Mrs. Arthur Bailey, and Mrs. Lawford, who have our thanks and best wishes in beginning their work for A.P.W. The hope expressed in the October MORNING CALM that many meetings, &c., would be organised in the course of the winter has been, to some extent, realised. Bishop Corfe, in the midst of many other engagements, has very kindly addressed A.P.W. members and others at Wem and at Lincoln, where his visits have been much appreciated and will, it is hoped, lead to new members being added to both those centres. The Rev. S. J. Childs Clarke has given interesting addresses at Watlington and in Hampshire, and the following account is sent us by our Malvern Secretary of a meeting at which the Rev. M. N. Trollope spoke, the chair being taken by the Rev. Anthony Deane, Vicar of Malvern. Miss Bucknill writes: "After referring at some length to the late Bishop, whose loss to the Mission we are all deploring, the Rev. M. N. Trollope went on to say that the Korean Mission has a special link with Malvern, as it has amongst its worker's two of Malvern's sons, the Rev. Cecil Cooper and Dr. Hugh Weir. He then gave us a very interesting account of the work in Korea, telling us how the Mission was originally started, and giving us some idea of the remarkable progress now being made, touching also on some of the leading characteristics of the Korean people. We wish a greater number could have been present at the meeting, but many of those members and friends most anxious to be there were prevented by the heavy downfall of rain, which continued with little intermission all day. We should like to express our thanks to the Rev. M. N. Trollope for arranging to come to Malvern again, so soon after his meeting at Malvern Link.” Our County Secretary for Devon writes: "A Sale of Work was held in Exeter on September 30. Working parties had been held throughout the year at the residence of Miss Hearn, the new Children's Secretary for Exeter, and the general arrangements were made by Miss Trobridge, who, unfortunately through illness, was unable to be present, though she had the satisfaction of knowing that the result was crowned with success, the sum of ￡52 1s. 3d. being realised after all expenses were paid. Mrs. W. Gibbs kindly sent a box full of things left from the sale to Sister Helen Constance, which were accepted with grateful thanks." At Bath, under the enthusiastic leadership of Miss Drake, an   excellent concert has been given in aid of the Mission to Korea, which, in spite of very bad weather, realised, after the payment of expenses, between ￡7 and ￡8. Such efforts are well worth making, and we believe that if made in the right spirit they bring with them returns which are more valuable than money, The Needlework Secretary acknowledges with many thanks the work done by A.P.W. members. Two hundred and thirty-seven useful articles have been sent out to Korea this autumn; a great improvement on last year, when 175 were sent. Besides all this work a large quantity was sent to the Korean stall at the Bazaar on December 1 and 2, as well as to other Sales, all of which has been much appreciated and is most gratefully acknowledged. The garments now most needed in Korea are hospital jackets, plain red pinafores for children from five to twelve years old, socks for children of two and three years, cuffs, and veils. Will those who wish to make them please write to the Needlework Secretary for further particulars? By the time this magazine is in the hands of secretaries I hope to have received complete lists of members with addresses from every locality, and to have had the little yearly report papers filled in and sent to me. This is bound to give extra work to us all, but the experience of one year teaches me that it is unavoidable. and I shall be grateful for the glad co-operation of all secretaries who I hope will realise that this summarising is necessary in order to make our Annual Report of A.P.W. interesting and to insure its being thoroughly correct. It has not yet been possible to complete the register of members, but when this is done it should only be necessary to ask for lists every second year. One is thankful to know how widely December 6, or a day within the octave of St. Nicholas, has been observed as one of special Intercession for Korea. Notices of those services which have been reported to me will appear in the Annual Report. MAUD I. FALWASSER, General Secretary.

Children's Branch.

DEAR CHILDREN.---

The New Year will be beginning when this letter reaches you, and so to begin with I wish you all A Very Happy New Year. and one blessed by plenty of prayer and work for Korea. The last few months of this old year have been very sad ones for all those intersted in the Mission, because of the grievous loss they have to bear through the death of the Bishop, who was so deeply loved and revered, and who did such splendid heroic work in the service of his Master. Those of us who have not been brought into personal contact with the Bishop can hardly realise what the loss must be to those who worked with him, and how desolate and forlorn they are without him. He suffered a great deal during his last illness, but bore it all with such patience Korean Christians went from all stations to help carry the coffin, which was taken from Chemulpo to Seoul, where the church was full of white flowers and where service was held. The Bishop had had such a very anxious and hard time, specially the last year, that it must have told on his health and strength. Quite a short time before his death he wrote to me about the Children's Branch, saying there was great scope and opportunities for the children's work, and so this last message we must bear in mind and earnestly try and carry on what he wished to have done in memory of his devoted life. And to-day I have heard how splendidly the children of Exeter have responded to the appeal he made to them through their Secretary, Miss Heane, who received valuable assistance from Miss Trobridge. The Bishop wrote and said how very badly schools were wanted; and also a Catechists' College—that is a place where Koreans can be trained and taught to become Missionaries themselves and take the “Good News” to their own fellow countrymen. And the Bishop asked the children of Exeter specially to help the schools started by Mrs. Hillary in Kangwha, and she also wrote pleading for help now, and saying they wanted ￡30 for the school for the year. Well, the children set to work, and last month held a Sale, at which they not only realised the sum of £30, but ￡20 besides, which is to be given to the chapel to be built in memory of Bishop Turner, and also ￡2 1s. 7d., which they have very kindly sent to me for the Children's General Fund. I was so very glad to have a letter from Olive and Majorie Pellatt about the Sale, at which, they said, when Mrs. Trefusis went to open it, there were twelve little girls dressed in white to form a guard of honour. There was also a stall in memory of Mrs. Hillary and one of Mrs. Corfe. Dollie and Dudley Hosgood worked splendidly, and made 17s. at their penny and two-penny stall. I also heard of a doll's house most beautifully carved and furnished by one of the boy members. Ethel Granestock also worked splendidly, and with her mother's help got up a Sale at their own house and made ￡4. This appeal from the Bishop and Mrs. Hillary should touch us all, followed as it was so quickly by their deaths. Mrs. Hillary wrote how eager the Koreans are to learn and how necessary it is for them to learn, not only the three "R's," but also what will make them good men and women. A school was started three years ago, but after some months Mrs. Hillary had to go else-where to teach others as well. The people in On Sou Tong were very unhappy at being left, the mothers had joined the school as well as children, and after the day's work in the fields and having prepared and eaten the evening meal afterwards, they would go to the Night School. And so after Mrs. Hillary left, a Korean woman, who was learning to be a Christian herself, opened a school and carried it on for two years, and it so increased in numbers that her room would not hold them. When Mrs. Hillary returned to On Sou Tong the people went to her, and as she and Mr. Hillary had had some money sent from the Pan-Anglican Thankoffering, they bought a larger house. Still this was not big enough; but a heathen Korean gave them some land, and they set to work and built another house. When it was finished the Bishop went down, first holding a service in the church, and then, a procession being formed of all the men of the congregation and the boys and girls of the schools, they marched, carrying banners, to the school, where prayers were said and the building blessed and hymns sung by the boys. After this the Korean part of the ceremony began. They all went on to the hillside under triumphal arches of evergreens, whose awnings were hung to protect them from the great heat of the sun, and there speeches were made; a Korean official (a heathen) saying. “Korea will not do any good until the women are taught before they are married." And then a feast was held, no Korean ceremony being complete without that.

I am glad to say there are the beginnings of two new branches of the Children's Work, and shortly I hope to have the names of those who will join us.

Again wishing you A Happy New Year, Believe me, Yours affectionately, MABEL SEATON. Beavor Lodge, Hatch End: December, 1910.

Rowed with thanks to the Excur Sale at Work, per Gitt, st. They and Theby Brand

SC John the Divine Patch 2. A Total. ..

New Neraber, Vakt Karr.

Hospital Naval fund.

THE 82nd meeting of the Executive Committee was held at the Royal United Service Institution at 3 P.M. on Wednesday, October 12. Present: Admiral Hon. Sir E. R. Freemantle (in the chair); J. R. Clark, Esq. ; Captain J. H. Corfe; C. E. Baxter, Esq. Letters of regret were received from the Chaplain of the Fleet, Bishop Corfe, Rev. S. C. Cox-Edwards, Captain W. T. C. Jones, Rev. S. H. W. Lovett, and Rear Admiral James Startin. The business transacted was mostly routine, but the Chaplain of the Fleet was requested to appoint new Local Secretaries for Malta, Portland, Portsmouth, and Sheerness; and the Hon. Secretary was instructed to write and congratulate Dr. Weir on his very interesting report in the October MORNING CALM. C. E. BAXTER. Hon. Sec. Ex. Com. H.N.F.  

St. Luke's hospital, Chemulpo.

FOURTH QUARTER, 1910.

THE past quarter has been, as usual, largely devoted to the summer holiday, but there are a few matters of outstanding importance to relate. The first and far the most important is the illness of the Bishop. He had been for some time in poor health and much needing a holiday, and was also troubled a good deal with his teeth, so much so, indeed, that it was necessary for him to have a number of them extracted, and his diet was accordingly considerably restricted. An opportunity presented itself of a good holiday in Japan, and he left home to enjoy it at the beginning of August, but unfortunately while there he was attacked by boils, which are said to be very prevalent in Japan this summer. On his return he was still troubled with them, or the remains of them, and at the beginning of September he came here and was taken into hospital. It was not at that time possible to locate any boil which could be dealt with, and in addition to a good deal of general discomfort he suffered at times considerable pain. It at length became evident that the infection of the boils had taken a hold on his system and was working internally, and recently two small operations have been necessary to open small but rather deeply-seated abscesses. One of these caused some inflammation of the glands of his left leg, which has given him a great deal of pain, as it has been impossible for him to move it freely, and there has been constant aching. at times very severe. It seems now as if at last this was abating, but he is not easy yet. He has been confined entirely to bed for nearly three weeks, and has had a good deal of fever all the time, but his strength has kept up well, in spite of a good deal of sleeplessness which has been difficult to combat. The fever still continues, though it is less than it has been, and should no further abscesses develop he ought to make steady progress, though it will at the least be a long time before he is well, and there is always some fear of further trouble. One of the doctors in Seoul, who was looking after him when he first came back from Japan, has kindly been down twice to see him and has given much help in the treat-ment. We have all much to thank God for already, and it may well be hoped that by the time this is published we shall be able to give thanks for his restoration to health, but at the time of writing the prayers of all must be requested on his behalf, as his condition still gives rise to considerable anxiety.

The next point of interest is connected with the annexation of the country. For some time the government has been establishing in various parts of the country charity hospitals, which are stated to be largely attended, and now that we have become part of Japan, where there are practically no medical missionaries, it may well be that our friends at home will think that there is no further need for our medical work. It is needful therefore to say a few words on the subject of the future, the more so as some have already suggested that the time has come for us to go home. In the first place, then, let me give one or two references to other countries Probably no country is so well staffed with medical missionaries as India, and yet that is a land where the government does a very great deal for the medical care of the people. Again, Formosa has now been Japanese for some years, but the most extensive medical work carried on by one man with which I am acquainted is in the hands of a missionary in that island. It is worth noting also that Christians in Japan itself are desirous of starting hospitals of their own to supplement the work of the government. Secondly, Korea is still very badly supplied with doctors. A number of Japanese doctors have come to the country, and no doubt many more will follow, and there are some thirty attached to the various Christian missions, but so far only very few Koreans have obtained diplomas, and though there are many practitioners of the old school, their knowledge is at least not up to date, and it is quite probable that before long they will be forbidden to practise. Most of the Japanese in the country do not make much effort to learn the language, and though it may be that the Japanese language will be made compulsory in the schools, that will not affect those already grown up, and it will be at least one or two generations before a knowledge of Korean will cease to be necessary for adequate treat-ment of the people. Also, it is at least likely that the national prejudice will die slowly and make many people unwilling to be treated by Japanese doctors. There has been for some time a Japanese government hospital in Chemulpo, but though Koreans are treated there it has not made any appreciable difference to our work.

Besides all this there remains the fact that there is no means so good as that of medical work for teaching the real meaning of Christianity, and however much we might feel the competition of government work, we should in no way be relieved of our duty of showing mercy.

In one small matter, however, we have found it advisible to make a change in view of possible Japanese competition, and that is in the way of relaxation of regulations. For some years we have tried to work on what may be called European lines as to hours and arrangements for seeing patients, only serious cases being seen as a rule out of hours. This was the more necessary as it is impos-sible for one doctor to be always on the spot to see anyone who may turn up. As, however, it was found that Koreans were going to the Japanese hospital at all times of the day, it was felt that perhaps our rules inflicted some hardship on the people, and after some thought a plan was hit upon, so simple that it would have been put into practice before had we not been working on the lines to which we were used at home.

In England even a hospital patient has some idea of the value of time, and so understands being expected to attend at certain hours. With the Korean, however, this is not so, they will gladly wait for almost any length of time, but should they be told to come again at some other time because they have come at the wrong time they are apt to be offended. We have therefore now arranged that no one shall be sent away at any time, but that those coming out of hours shall be given papers and entered in the books, and then dealt with at such time as may be convenient. This may mean a long wait for them, but they do not mind this, and the wait just serves to make things fair for those who do come at the proper time and who might have a sense of injustice if they have a longer delay, owing to their numbers, than those who come at other times</span>. In this way the rest of the work is not interfered with, and though it means rather more work, it is not much, and seems likely to be a considerable relief to the patients. The plan has not yet been working long enough to report on, but so far the comers out of hours have been mostly new cases, so that it seems to be meeting a need.

One old inpatient was baptised on St. Michael's Day, and he seems to have a good knowledge as well as a real faith. More of his family are being taught. The work is slow and is likely so to be, but it does go on, and we feel that in a place like Chemulpo few and small results are things to be very thankful for. HUGH H. WEIR.

SUPPLEMENT TO HOSPITAL REPORT.

SINCE the above report was written it has become necessary to supplement it, as the hopes therein expressed have not been fulfilled. Early in October the Bishop was found to have another abscess and a third operation was performed. For the next few days be seemed rather better, but about the middle of the month his temperature began to rise again and he had a good deal more discomfort. A week later another operation was called for, but this time it did not relieve him as the previous ones had done, and three days later further symptoms developed which caused a great deal of anxiety. Up to this time we had always been able to hope that if nothing new developed he might yet be able to successfully fight the infection, even though he was not improving, but the fear of a generalisation of the infection had always been before us, and now there was reason to think that this had occurred. He became rapidly weaker, and though generally conscious was not able to keep his attention fixed on any subject for more than a few moments at a time. He did not seem to be in much pain, and the wounds continued to the end to do well and give little trouble, so that we did not give up all hope until the morning of the Feast of St. Simon and St. Jude, when he sank into unconsciousness, and it became evident that the end could not be long delayed. All through the morning he lay quite quietly, and though we fancied at times that he recognised some of those around him, he was too weak to show any definite sign, and a few minutes after four in the afternoon he quietly passed away. Thus beautifully ended a beautiful life!  

St. Peter's Community foreign Mission Association.

WE would heartily thank all members of S.P.F.M.A. and A.P.W. who so generously supported the Bazaar Stall lately held for Korea at Grosvenor Hall. Large contributions were received from all parts of England, and are gratefully acknowledged in this issue. Owing to various reasons, bad weather, canvassing, &c., the Bazaar was not so well attended as usual, and therefore the proceeds of the Stall decreased to £72 10s. It is disappointing that there should be a shrinkage in income just now, when the Sisters need funds badly to take up and carry on the various works for which they are responsible.

A very important new development in teaching work has opened out in a locality near Seoul, where the Japanese master of a school for high-class Korean girls asked Sister Edith Helena to visit the school and teach the “Doctrine.” A large number of girls are now under instruction, and quite lately the school has been offered to the Mission,-- an unparalleled opportunity, which will be offered to the wealthy American Mission unless we are prepared to seize it. This was much in Bishop Turner's mind, and his expressed wish that the school should be bought in by the Mission makes us feel we must do our utmost to supply the necessary sum during the year that will elapse before any steps need be taken. In connexion with the Sisters' school-work, we most thankfully acknowledge the payment of Agatha Kim's salary as teacher in the Girls' School at Su Won, and through the generosity of the same kind donor we have been able to authorise Sister Cecil to secure a house near the school she much needed, where Agatha and other Koreans training as teachers can live together and study quietly. In another part of this issue mention is made of the Bishop Turner Memorial Fund, for which an appeal will shortly be sent to each member. Together with this appeal will be sent the very interesting notes of the Day of Intercession at St. Peter's Home on December 6. There was a very large attendance of friends from both Associa-tions, and all were much cheered and encouraged by the helpful address given by Rev. M. N. Trollope at noon, which is fully reported, as are also the speeches at the meeting by Rev. Lord William Gascoyne-Cecil. Rev. M. N. Trollope, Minor Canon Childs Clarke, and Rev. E. Field. A copy will be sent to any non-member on receipt of a stamped envelope. The offerings throughout the day amounted to ￡10 15s.

SISTER HELEN CONSTANCE, Secretary. S.P.E.M.A.

List of Contributors to the Korean Stall held at the St. Peter's Community Haevar on December 1 and 2, 1910:-- Nes Street, M anet, Stanf M etha, Mrs. Samal, Ni Caw, Dr. Ho p eler. The Name Ni

Japanese Work.

NATURALLY, after the interval of the summer holidays, there is not much of general interest to report. Perhaps the event of chiefest importance is the annexation of Korea by Japan. What effect this will have on our work in general I do not think anyone can say at present. Viscount Terauchi, the governor general, has expressed himself as being favourable towards all religious work whatever, so I suppose that there will be no change in the official attitude towards us.

Meantime I note three points as being the direct outcome of the change. One is the marked improvement in the behaviour of the Japanese both towards Koreans and “foreigners”--not that there has been much to complain of in this respect lately. Still, I have it on the testimony of some from whom I have never yet heard any good word for the Japanese, that they have noticed a great difference lately. Another point is that, according to what I read in the papers, the Buddhists in Japan think they have now a special duty towards this country, and are proposing to make greater efforts to propagate their religion here. I don't think we need alarm our-selves about it. I was somewhat amused to see that the proposal was immediately “sat on” by a Japanese paper of some standing.

I quote the following from the article in question: ‘It is most preposterous for Buddhist bonzes to come forward with their uncalled for service, and with the claim that they can and will do in Korea what they have not done and never have even tried to do in Japan. It is still more intolerable that any well-meaning friends of Koreans should ask for the assistance of those worldly and narrow-viewed latter day disciples of Buddha. There will be enough to worry about in Korea for some time to come, and the sending out these bonzes can only make the situation worse."

But oh! would that the Church of Japan could be got to move even as far as these “Buddhist bonzes”! With one or two brilliant exceptions--practically confined to one diocese—all, from the Bishops downwards, seem to be utterly dead to the claims of the Japanese who happen to be in Korea.

The third point touches us more nearly. There has been a con-siderable reduction in the number of officials--which means more work, and therefore fewer opportunities of worship for those who are left. Also, there has been a general re-arrangement by which (so far) two of our Christians have been sent into the country, and are more or less out of reach of regular ministrations. It makes even more pressing now a question which from the first has been awfully (I use the adverb intentionally) serious: viz, how to reach the isolated Christians, who are numerous enough already, and will probably become more so. As far as I can see, the obvious first step is to get the money for the stipend of another man, and then to find the man. I wonder how either could be done! The miserable pittance given for the Japanese work here is already considerably overdrawn, and we are dependent on the charity of the Korean side for the deficit. And in view of past experience, one may reasonably doubt whether the Church of Japan “could spare” us another man.

And then, just at this moment of all others, we are losing him who for some time past has been doing the work of an honorary catechist at Chemulpo--Mr. Aoyama.

In other words, there at Chemulpo is a nice catechist's house and a church adjoining, a few Christians, a promising Sunday-school, and a band of inquirers--and no one, at present, to carry on the work! It is an obvious case of “comment is needless.”

Meanwhile, I cannot speak too highly of the spirit in which my fellow-workers are bearing the burden and heat of the day, and without a grumble either. Mr. Okagaki, my catechist here, works nobly. Miss Grosjean and Miss Maba are cheerfully undertaking the no light duty of two Sunday-schools in addition to their other work. Miss Elrington has gone to fill a great gap at Fusan, at some personal discomfort to herself. Miss Pooley, at Chemulpo, has passed her first examination in Japanese, and in a very real way “holds the fort” there. I have not been to Fusan lately, but all accounts of Mr. Shiogaki's work there are favourable. I hope to see him shortly in the course of a voyage round the coast of Korea, which I am expecting to take soon.

I imagine an account of the Bishop's illness will be found else-where. He has been quite withdrawn from all active work for some time, and we miss him sorely.

An Urgent Appeal.

CHIN-CHUN, KOREA. October 6, 1910. DEAR MR. EDITOR,-- I only write to call your attention to the "Wants Column," remotely situated in a corner of this magazine. S.P.G. does not provide furniture for the Church or vestments for the Ministry. How can we obtain either? Vestments are gotten in two ways--partly by kind gifts of friends at home, mostly given through the Community of St. Peter (thence came to me a huge surplice, formerly worn by the late Arch-bishop Temple--at Rugby, presumably), and partly by means of Korean materials made up by the girls in the Sister's School or Mrs. Hillary's Sewing Guild--paid for out of Church alms. Chalices and patens cannot be made or bought in Korea. Moreover, the expense is great for our very poor ones, already burdened with perpetual chapel building and up-keep, schools, catechists' salaries, &c. The C.B.S. have given us a beautiful chalice and paten in memory of Father A. H. Ward of pious memory, but soon we shall be two (and I hope—eventually--three) priests here, and there are already fourteen chapels to serve. We therefore badly need a good travelling set of holy vessels, with mensa, such as I have asked for in the Wants Column. So far, I have asked in vain. Of course it is a good deal for one person to give, but perhaps a few friends would combine for so noble and useful a purpose. Will you, Mr. Editor, act as collector, or appoint some-one to do so, in order to make the gift more possible? Other things are wanted too, but I shall cry for them in silence until this first need is supplied. Yours sincerely, WILFRID N. GURNEY.  

The Annexation.

BEFORE this number of MORNING CALM reaches its readers the annexation of Korea by Japan will have become past history, and the details of it will have been read by all; so it will suffice just to say a word or two about our position as Christian Missionaries and what will be the probable result upon the work. With regard to the former, we have hitherto had the privileges of extra territoriality which has put us in a rather false position, for we were assumed by the Koreans to have more power than we possessed. Now all foreigners are under Japanese law the people will gradually recognise that we stand in the same position as anyone else. This will prevent people entering the church for the sake of protection, which is a gain, for, although the Mission has never made use of this power and has always repudiated the fact of its possession, yet a certain number have joined on that account, and have always been a hurt to the growth of the Church's spirituality.

For this reason, then, it is quite possible that the growth in numbers will be smaller, but the gain in spiritual power will be greater. At present there is not any marked difference in the former, but there does seem to be progress in the latter.

There is to be freedom of religious belief, and no obstacles will be put in the way of propagating Christianity. The educational work done by Missionaries will be encouraged and welcomed, as the following quotation from the Director of the Education Bureau to the Bishop will show. He says: "Meanwhile I venture to ask you to give us your highly valuable co-operation, as before, in regard to education in this land. On my part I need scarcely assure you that I shall do all I can to facilitate your educational work." There most assuredly must be disadvantages as well as advantages, if Japan succeeds in putting the Peninsula in order, which she seems to be trying to do, it cannot but be beneficial to us in our work.  

Local Notes

Seoul.—The head of a Korean Girls' School, of about 120 pupils, asked the Mission to help him in his work. In July he brought forty girls to church and asked that they might have Christian instruction. The elder girls have come regularly ever since--and they attend the services and classes for catechumens. Angela, a Christian woman, teaches the younger children, who are more erratic in their attend-ances. In October we began to teach daily in the school for an hour. A Sister goes three times a week to give religious instruction in both the upper and lower schools. She has visited the homes of those who attend her Sunday class, especially those asking to be admitted catechumens, and many of their relations are coming with them to

THE GIRLS' SCHOOL, POOTARI.

Just started by the Christians on their own account.

the Mission Services. An Associate of St. Peter's, lately come to work with the Sisters, goes to the school on the alternate mornings and gives a lesson in English to the first class.

The women in the village called Koang Nara, on this side of the river, and whose husbands and sons are under instruction, have asked for teaching. A Sister, with Ri Elizabeth, went out on October 7 to meet some twenty-five women and teach them. It is too far for them to come to Church in Seoul regularly, so they hope to build a chapel of their own before long--another to add to the many still needing much to fit them for Divine Service.

Chemulpo.--On St. Michael's Day four old women and one man were baptised. Most of them first came in contact with Christianity through the Hospital. __The man was an in-patient for some time.  

and had to have his foot removed. He studied very hard all the time he was in, and has since showed a good deal of evangelistic enthusiasm.

The work of the regular Services is falling more and more into the hands of the Catechist, Saw Mattai. He also prepares the men for baptism. He is a faithful man, and very humble-minded, but tends to be rather dull in his preaching. There are still quite a number of baptismal candidates under preparation, both men and women. It is hoped that most of them may be ready by Christmas.

Kanghwa.--In July the Kanghwa and Chin-Chun Catechists met at Su Tong and did a fortnight's study. The lectures were on the Bible, Hebrew Prophets and Prophecy. Characteristics of Our Lord, the Teachings of St. Paul, and English Church History. The students showed great interest and asked questions, and sometimes the lecture lasted as long as three hours.

The women Catechists having expressed a strong desire to have special services on the anniversary of Mrs. Hillary's death, a special office was said in On Sou Tong Church after Evensong on August 21, and the Holy Eucharist was celebrated on the morning of the anniversary (August 22), after which a visit was made to the grave, where another service was held. The services were attended by both men and women.

During August and September First Communions were made at five churches and chapels in the district, preceded by a quiet day of preparation. Many of the older Christians made their Com-munion with their new brethren.

The same period being a slack time with most of the people, visits were made to the chapels and villages; special services were held and absentees looked up.

Lately the Catechists and Christians have been going from village to village with a magic lantern, showing pictures and giving addresses to the heathen.

The district is gradually becoming enlarged, and there is now a small body of Christians on an island about sixteen miles away from and opposite Chemulpo. The district is also gradually extending towards Seoul, and some members of the Kanghwa staff are expecting that Seoul and Chemulpo will soon be included in the Kanghwa district. The district is now about eighty miles long and thirty broad, and includes five islands besides Kanghwa itself and a part of Hwang-hai-to province and a part of the mainland to the east of Kanghwa.

A new venture is to be made this winter by placing a permanent Catechist in Tong Chin, the mainland to the east of Kanghwa There is already a chapel there and two or three other meeting-places, and it is to be hoped that the Catechist, Kim Moses, of Kanghwa City, will greatly increase the work.

Owing to the increase of communicants, it is found necessary to celebrate the Eucharist at five other villages. This will greatly increase the labours of the clergy, but it is to be hoped it will deepen the spiritual life of the Christians and be an influence for good on others in the villages.

An attempt is being made in the district to procure a systematic mode of religious instruction for the children, and for this purpose a Children's Teaching Guild is being formed, which will have branches at every church and chapel. Its aim will be to instruct the children and keep them from drifting away from the Church, Most of the work will be done by lay people.

Su Won.--Readers are requested to note that the official spelling of the name of this city has been adopted by the Mission authorities. Both schools closed for the summer holidays on July 10. The yearly examination of the boys took place during the first week of July, and the results were exceedingly good. Our great need now is a more advanced teacher. There would be no difficulty in ob-taining such a man were the money to pay him only forthcoming. Our school here is now the only Christian school left in the district, all the others having been obliged to close. It rests with readers of MORNING CALM to decide whether our boys' school is to remain open, or whether closed and our lads sent to the heathen school, which is supported by government.

Our girls' school is also doing a good work, but that work is cramped for want of adequate funds to pay the teachers and to meet the running expenses of the school.

The football season has begun, but, alas! there are no footballs! The Wants Column calls for a little more careful study.

During July and August, the rainy season, no itinerating work was possible. Mr. Cooper had a month of somewhat exciting adventures at a mining camp during July, and Mr. Bridle spent part of August with friends in Japan.

This district has been enlarged by the addition of a couple of villages where work was begun some time ago by Mr. Gurney. We hope to station a Catechist here at once. There seems every chance of a grand work opening up on all sides of An-ai, the larger of the two villages.

There are between two and three hundred candidates for Baptism in this district. A certain number will (D.V.) be baptised in Advent and the remainder at the Korean new year.

Chin-Chun.--Owing to the death of the Bishop, Mr. Hewlett's ordination has been postponed. Things are going on fairly well in this district, but much remains undone. The rice harvest promises to be a very good one. Our school is useful. We now have a senior and junior department, in different buildings and under separate management. Two new village schools are being opened in October. There are some six or seven chapels to be dedicated and about 180 Christians awaiting Confirmation. We aim rather at building up our Christians this winter than greatly increasing the number. The Hospital buildings are now nearly completed, under Dr. Laws' skilled superintendence. The medical work has already been of immense benefit.

Paik Chun.-- During three months it has only been possible for a Priest to spend three weeks here. The attendances at special services held in September promised well for the winter's work. At the Holy Eucharist all Com-municants with the exception of three made their Communion. At a service for children 100 boys and girls were present; at the midday service the church was taxed to its utmost by a conger-gation of 260. The following method of dividing the money given at the offertory has been adopted. Half for church expenses, a quarter towards support of a Catechist, and the remaining quarter is to be put into a sinking fund, which we hope eventually to devote to building a new church in Paik Chun. Last month 1 yen 72 sen was contributed towards the support of the Cate-chist, and the same amount paid into the Sinking Fund. As the number of Christians is at present only forty-five, we think this speaks well for their generosity. This next quarter there is to be a change of Catechists here. Kim Mark is to return to Kanghwa, and his place to be taken by Han Mark, who has already done much for the church in Paik Chun.

THE FONT, CHIN-CHUN.

Paik Chun. Made by a local Koreans.

Han Mark is a well-to-do trader. To do our Catechist's work he is giving up a profit of 300 yen a year and accepting a salary of 144 yen. He has a family of eight, and he feels a little doubtful as to whether he can support them on this salary. He is therefore only accepting the post for twelve months. If he finds his salary is sufficient to live on, he will continue to do Catechist's work. If not, he will be obliged to take up his business again, as the Mission funds are unable to pay more. A chapel has been built at a village called Solmateki, but has not yet been opened. New work has also been started in a village called Nun Chai, 40 li west of Paik Chun city.  

Wants.

SEOUL.--Small crucifixes for Christians to wear (continually being asked for); also small hanging crucifixes. Coloured sacred pictures, large or small. Beads for the children. Address, "Sister Edith Helena, St. Peter's Mission House, Seoul."

CHEMULPO.--Enamel graduated measures for the Dispensary, one pint and one quart. Two or three indiarubber water bottles. Fifty yards of dark red or green art serge for the Church. Flannel jackets for the men in the Hospital Address, "St. Luke's Howpital, Chemulpo."

KANGHWA.—A Chalice and Paten (most urgent). Sacred picture cards or medals, for rewards at Festivals of the Children's Guild. Altar linen (either made up of material). Old Altar linen can be used. Books for Kanghwa Library.

CHIN-CHUN.--Nothing sent except crucifixes in answer to last quarter's appeal. Please give me a portable set of Holy Vessels and Mensa for use in country chapels (Pratt & Son, 24 Tavistock Street, Covent Garden). Address, “Rev. W. N. Gurney, Chin-Chun."

PAIK CHUN.--A good lantern and slides (most urgently needed). Books especially any for Catechising, such as Potter and Sheard's Series

Acknowledgments.

CHEMULPO.-- Children's bed jackets from Miss Hastie. CHIN-CHUN.--With gratitude 144 crucifixes from Mr. David Jones, Clydach Vale. ________________________________________

The Spirit of Missions.

THERE is a remarkable sentence in one of Professor Harnack's famous lectures on Christianity, delivered not very long ago to the students of the University of Berlin, which deserves the careful Consideration of all who are studying Missions. “Every great and powerful personality,” he said, “reveals a part of what it is only when seen in those whom it influences. It may be said that the more powerful the personality a man possesses, and the more he takes hold of the inner life of others, the less can the sum total of what he is be known by what he himself says and does. We must look at the reflection and the effects which he produces in those whose leader and master he became. That is why a complete answer to the question, ‘What is Christianity?' is impossible so long as we are restricted to Jesus Christ's teaching alone. We must include the first generation of His disciples as well, and we must listen to what they tell us of the effect which He had upon their lives. But this even does not exhaust our materials. . . . We must include all the later products of its spirit,”--Rev. A. W. ROBINSON, D.D., from "Thought and Discipleship." A Good EXAMPLE.--On learning that the House of Bishops, in appointing the Rev. W. C. White to be the Bishop of our new mission in China, had required that he should not be consecrated till the means for bishopric were reasonably secure, the Rev. Canon  Scott came forward with the proposal that his congregation should deny themselves the pleasure of a new organ which they were about to procure, and devote the purchase-money towards the buildings required by the new mission in China.—New Era. THE UNITY OF THE CATHOLIC CHURCH.--The following passage occurred in the Bishop of Chicago's annual address to the Convention of the diocese : "Consider the marvellous unity within the Catholic Church. The ecumenical creeds and councils are our common property. The great body of Catholic theology is held and used in common. The liturgies concentrate on the same august sacraments. The same prayers, hymns, and creeds are sung and said the world over. Do we realise that? For the sake of vividness let historic theology be represented by one hundred units. Ninety of these units are held in common by Rome, Canterbury, and the Orient. The other ten are chiefly concerned with historical and metaphysical questions that are not vital to Christianity. . . . It would, of course, be foolish and shallow to imply that there is no real battleground within the confines of Catholic Christendom. There is. There are large and important issues to be faced; but do not allow the smoke of the skirmishing on the far-distant out-skirts to blind your eyes to the imperishable unity."--Church Times. CHRISTIAN UNITY.--In his opening address to the Layman's Missionary Movement Assembly, Bishop Anderson of Chicago said: "I am quite sure that many of us have been approaching the subject wrong end first. We have been asking, What can we give up in the interests of unity? That is not the question. It is not what we can give up, but what can we give? You have no right to give up, no right to give up anything that you have had that ever has been of value, that is of value, or that is likely to be of value. You have no right to give up anything that has ever received the Divine sanction and the Divine approval. It is not what we call give up, but what we can give. I have a horror of that kind of unity that would be based on a sort of residuum. I am not attracted by unity on the basis of an irreducible minimum. I do not want to belong to a Church of minimums. I want to belong to a Church of maximums. Maximum beliefs, maximum duties, maximum sacrifices. The Church of minimums is incapable of producing martyrdoms. There are things that we can give up, but nobody is asking anybody to give up anything that is of value. We can give up pride. We can give up our ecclesiastical conceit. We can give up our denominational jealousies. We can give up our inherited prejudices. And perhaps, by the grace of God, we can give up some of our ignorance."--Church Times. THEY SHALL SHOW FORTH THE PRAISES OF THE LORD.--We must not only treat with respect and sympathy other races, and their customs, and their characters; not only, as we say, because there is some good in all, but also because we see in them, mixed with dross, stained by defilement, perverted by falsehood, the very material of the expression and the embodiment of the truth and life that is from Jesus. The thought is growing familiar to us since, like a prophet, Westcott prophesied of it to us; but let me quote an instance in the sympathetic Pan-Anglican words of the Master of Magdalene (P.A. Paper, T.D. 1a): "Patience and resigna-tion in adversity from the Hindu, spiritual exaltation and unselfish-ness from the Buddhist, burning zeal and unquestioning obedience from the Mussulman, industry and love of home from the Chinaman, the subjection of individual advantage to the common good from the Japanese, even from degraded tribes in West Africa an intense reverence and awe of the unseen--when all these good qualities are illuminated and vivified by the bright life-giving light of the Gospel, who shall tell whither this may lead us? Informed, transformed, enlightened, enlivened by the recep-tion of Christ and the indwelling of the Holy Spirit, the East will surely exercise a profound influence upon the West ; our knowledge of God and of His revelation of Himself in Jesus Christ will become completer and worthier: our whole Christianity will immeasurably gain."--Bishop of Southwark.

"Speaking of the tremendous claim which the present social condition of England has upon the earnest attention of the Church, the Rev. W. Temple expressed his conviction that what was wanted everywhere, in every department of Church activity, was the missionary-hearted man--the man who could enter deeply into his work because he had far-reaching visions of God's purpose towards all mankind. The presence of foreign missionary enthusiasm in any part of the Church exercised an enormous and most salutary reflex action upon the discharge of its 'home' responsibilities. The same impulse which drove some men to proclaim the Good Tidings in far-off regions drove others of the same spiritual temper to labour with the same missionary self-sacrifice in the slums of great cities."--Australian Board of Mission Review. LORD CHELMSFORD ON MISSIONS.—"In Sydney, at the Annual Festival of the New Guinea Mission, His Excellency, Lord Chelms-ford, who presided, delivered an admirable address in defence of Missions. There were always, he said, some persons who were Critical and sceptical of the value of Missionary work, but in his opinion they were confined to three classes. There were those engaged in certain enterprises who found that the missionaries were a hindrance to the advancement of their own material, and perhaps very selfish, interests. There was the casual visitor, the man going on tour round the world, who picked up a lot of hearsay gossip and did not take the trouble, or had not time and inclination, to test the truth of it. When he came home he wrote it down in his book as evidence collected on the spot. Visitors of the same sort Sometimes came to Australia, and criticised its people and institu-tions, but Australia did not pay much heed to them, or acknow-ledged that the criticisms were true. Why should they accept as true the criticisms upon Missions, which were equally unfair and one-sided? The third class of critic was the impatient administrator and government official, who sometimes found himself landed in a difficulty by an indiscreet missionary. Of course there were some indiscreet people to be found among missionaries as in all other ranks of the public service. But, on the other hand, there was no doubt that missionaries in all parts of the world had been doing. and were doing a great work, of which the front rank of statesmen and administrators were quite ready to acknowledge the value. Mr. Winston Churchill had declared that one great effect of Missions was to infuse moral enthusiasm into the machinery of the State, and he (the speaker) thought there was much truth in the state-ment. He would, however, add a word of warning. The justifica-tion for Missions, and their claim upon us, must not be made to depend upon the excellence either of missionaries or their work, but upon the will and purpose of our Lord Jesus Christ, quite in- dependently of the worthiness or unworthiness of the human agents engaged in His service." He earnestly hoped that the New Guinea Mission would continue to thrive and prosper, and that the rapid commercial development of Papua now proceeding under the direction of the Commonwealth Government would be accom-panied by a corresponding growth and development of the Mission,--Diocese of New Guinea Occasional Paper.

A KOREAN CHRISTIAN.--Mr. F. A. Mackenzie, the well-known war-correspondent, recently wrote: "I was with one of the Japanese armies in 1904 in its advance into Manchuria. Among my servants were several native Korean converts, recommended to me by the missionaries at Ping-Yang and Sunchon. Early in the spring it was necessary for me to communicate with some associates at Chefoo, in China. I called one of my ‘boys’ and told him to set out from Antung and reach the other side. He had to cross the Yellow Sea by himself, escape the mines around Port Arthur, and land in China, obtain money for me, and return. The ‘boy’ had never been outside his native country before. He disappeared, and for weeks nothing wa: heard of him. Then, one day, when our army had advanced far up into Manchuria, I was riding along, when a bronzed, ragged, weary figure ran up to my horse, with one cry on his lips, ‘Master! Master!’ My ‘boy’ had come back. He took me to one side and showed me a heavy package of money in his inner dress. He had been delayed. His own funds were exhausted. He had starved and suffered desperately. Yet it had never crossed mind to give up his work, or to help himself to my money. That was a missionary 'boy.’ “I know too much of what the missionaries actually do to have anything but a profound respect for their work.”—New Era.