Morning Calm v.10 no.80(1899 May.)

THE MORNING CALM No. 80, VOL. X.] MAY 1899. [PRICE 3d.

The Bishop's Letters.Ⅰ.

SYEOUL: December, 1898. DEAR FRIENDS,

In my last letter I gave an account of what happened to me during my visit to Niu Chwang in October and November, having then had only a passing glimpse of Mr. Trollope and Dr. Carden at Chemulpó on my way to Niu Chwang from England. I reached Syeoul on the day before Advent Sunday, having been met by Mr. Badcock and Mr. Hodge, who had good-naturedly walked down half way to greet me. The many new streets, roads, and buildings which were to be seen all round made me glad to have the services of a guide to show me the way to places with which two years ago I was sufficiently familiar. The southern half of the city from west to east has been completely altered and greatly improved by these roads, which the genius and perseverance of Mr. McLeavey Brown have induced the Government to make. Still there are no Signs yet of any wheel traffic to show that the people appreciate these advantages. The railway between Chemulpó and Syeoul, which has been long under construction, is still very much a thing of the future. But this was an American, not a Corean, venture, and is shortly to be sold to the Japanese. But if I stop to tell you a quarter of the things which attracted my attention I shall never get to the things about which you want to hear. Our various establishments in and near Syeoul seemed to be flourishing, although the attenuated condition of the nursing staff had compelled Miss Allan to close her hospital and confine her attention to the two dispensaries, one of which she has established, since I left, in the centre of the city. A Report which she is preparing of this year's work will show you that in her the Coreans have a wise, an energetic, and an extremely devoted friend. Shortly after my arrival Dr. Baldock had a nasty accident, which damaged his knee and threatens to keep him from active work for a long time. This not only practically closes St. Matthew's hospital (though the dispensary is kept going to a certain extent), but adds considerably to Miss Allan's labors.

The printing-office, clean and business-like, I found pursuing its old course of usefulness, and Mr. Hodge (who is looking very well) was just completing a Chinese book, compiled by Mr. Trollope for the use of our more educated inquirers. Before the end of the year we were rejoiced to have Sister Nora back again, and, with her, Miss Nevile, Nurse Unwin, and Nurse Helena—the latter has come to be trained as a nurse-who all promise to be valuable additions to our staff. They at once began to tackle the language and to make themselves useful in every possible way. Miss Nevile has been attached more particularly to the Orphanage, assisting Sister Alma and the native amah (nurse) to look after our five babies.

These much needed reinforcements having arrived, Miss Robertson Macdonald prepared to leave. She came to Corea (after I left in 1897) to be of what assistance she could whilst two of the sisters went to England for needful change. From all quarters I hear that this assistance has been of the most valuable kind, during a time remember, when sickness and death were adding greatly to our anxieties. Her work lay chiefly in the hospital, and though she is not, I believe, a trained nurse, she was described to me (by one who had had the best reason for knowing her in this capacity) as a woman who will go anywhere, do just what she is told, and make no fuss about it. So attached have I been to the members of her family for the last 9 years -so much cause have I to be grateful to them- that her departure, so soon after my arrival, was a matter of more than ordinary regret to me. She carries with her the thanks of us all, and the assurance that her generous, selfdenying labors have been of the greatest service to the Mission

Following closely on Sister Nora's arrival came Brother Firkins, of the S.S.M., who, after a day's sojourn in the capital, went on to join his brethren in Kanghoa. We were rejoiced a few days later to see that he had gained a first-class in the Cambridge Voluntary Theological Examination, for which he presented himself shortly before leaving England. For myself I at once relieved Mr. Turner of all responsibility for the English services at the Advent, thereby setting him free for his Corean work, which (when I arrived) was taking the (to him) important shape of preparing for his first examination in Chinese and Corean. All his many friends will be glad to hear that he has since come out of this ordeal with great credit, so the examiner reports to me. I must conclude my letter with a brief account of how I spent Christmas Day. The catechumens, I found, have been in the habit of assembling in the Church of the Resurrection at Nak Tong to be ministered to by Mr. Badcock every Sunday at 19 A.M., whilst Mr. Turner was taking the English services at the Advent. On Christmas Day I arranged to be present at this service, and to celebrate (at 9 A.M.) for a few members of the Mission Staff and our little Corean orphan boys, who walked in from Mapó, all resplendent in their new clothes. It was the first time I had taken the whole service in Corean, but I got through it somehow, taking a very long time I am afraid. There were more than forty Coreans present during the Missa Catechumenorum, the little chapel being quite full. All behaved with great reverence, showing how well they had been instructed. Having no worship, no temples, no priests of their own the Coreans are absolutely ignorant of matters which will seem very simple to you. And as they are not accustomed to follow (so as to understand) spoken words, or even to think in orderly fashion, you have no notion of the difficulties which lie before them-and us-in this respect. We have been taught to pray and how to behave during prayer ever since we were little children. It is very different with these adults in Corea. At 11 morning prayer was said at the Advent, where there had previously been a celebration at 8. The voices of the Marine Guard helped us out very delightfully with our hymns and carols. After this service most of us paid a visit to the barracks, to wish our dear friends there a happy Christmas. The dining-room was beautifully decorated, reminding me of Christmas on board ship long ago. But I must not get into that groove now, or my letter will never be finished. Evensong was said at 4 to enable me to get down to Mapó in time to spend the evening with our little orphan boys. A sharp walk of three miles got me there just before dark. After Mr. Badcock had installed me in his comfortable room, the boys first came to pay me their respects - one by one. Then followed the catechumens, about eight or nine who live in the village ; and, lastly, a few Corean friends who had been asked in.

Mr. Badcock, Mr. Bridle, and I had a hasty but very satisying dinner-for the cook was bent on excelling himself and then adjourned to the largest room, where the boys played games under the superintendence of Mr. Bridle, whilst we elder ones looked on and laughed. Then, when the Christmas tree had been lit, the first view (a private one) was vouchsafed to the wives of our friends, who brought their babies with them and wondered what it all meant. This they were to learn from their male relatives later, for whom, after they had been dismissed with a sweet apiece, they made room. The boys occupied the front places, so that the men could see everything over their heads. The tree was laden with presents, and we were careful that none of the boys drew a blank. Mr. Badcock and Mr. Bridle had taken great pains to make the tree look beautiful, and the result was an unqualifed success. At 9 we all went into chapel for the usual night prayers-- always to me a very edifying service at Mapó, where both boys and men respond so very reverently-a thing which, I think I remarked in my last letter, I had noticed also at Chemulpó. Thus ended a very tiring but a very happy day.

I have not mentioned Mr. Turner in connection with our Christmas festivities in Syeoul. I was obliged to send him to Chemnlpó to be responsible for the Japanese, Corean, and English services at St. Michael's, Mr. Trollope having gone to celebrate for our native Christians in Kanghoa. The native evangelistic work there is now being mainly undertaken by Mr. Hillary, Father Drake's Corean not being yet equal to this demand, and Mr. Hillary being only in Deacon's Orders. I have not yet visited Kanghoa since my return, but gather, from all I have heard, that Brother Laws in his dispensary and Brother Pearson with his bookbinding are well and happily employed. Although the new year has come it is not too late to say that I wish you, all and each, much happiness.

I am, yours affectionately, C. J. CORFE

II.

SYEOUL: January, 1899. DEAR FRIENDS, Corea, as you are aware, has always been wonderfully free from earthquakes, except of a political kind, which are an everyday occurrence. I only remember one-a slight one-in 1891. Of late, however, there have been several slight shocks, some of them on consecutive days, whilst towards the middle of the month there was a tidal wave on the S.W. coast of which no traces were felt at Chemulpó. Chemulpó had its calamity, though, in the shape of an extraordinarily severe gale, which did an immense amount of damage. I am thankful to say that our Mission buildings did not suffer. During this month I have paid one visit to Chemulpó, having accepted an invitation from Admiral FitzGerald to stay on board H.M.S. Barfleur from Saturday to Monday. I met a few old friends and made many new ones before I left the ship, where I was received with a welcome which seemed to be even heartier than other welcomes—and I have had many - on board H.M. ships. I preached twice on the Sunday, and was sent away with a most generous and substantial addition to the funds of H.N.F. This sum I am devoting to the enlargement of the plan of St. Luke's new hospital, which, as I told you in November, is being entirely rebuilt with money which has been granted to Corea from the Marriott Bequest. Large though this grant is, it is not quite enough to provide us with all the accommodation we require. And so this contribution has come as a very welcome help towards its completion. When finished (by next spring, I hope) it will contain a large ward for Coreans, a small annexe for European patients (always very few here, of course), a dispensary, operating, consulting and waiting rooms, together with small but adequate quarters for the doctor, who, I find, wishes to live in the hospital compound. But a fuller description of the building will come more suitably when it is finished. At present the walls (brick on foundations of granite) are up-the mason's work having been completed before the frost set in and the roof is partially on. But we have had very little snow to keep out as yet this winter, all through December and January having been wonderfully fine and (for Corea) mild. In my last letter I told you that we had a Marine Guard at the Legation. It consisted originally of fifteen, but was reduced to ten men and an officer in charge. They are quartered close to the little house in which I am living, Consequently we see a good deal of each other. Of an evening I occasionally go in to read to them, when some of my old naval yarns come in useful. Also they are good enough to pay me a visit now and then, which you can imagine is a very great treat to me. The disposition of our Mission forces remains at the end of this month pretty much the same as it was in December, Mr. Trollope is busy with translation and much other work (how I wish I could relieve him of it! ) at Chemulpó. The S.S.M. community at Kanghoa are of course cut off from the outer world during the winter ; but, from all I hear, all goes well with them. Mr. Badcock and Mr. Bridle are busy with their boys and catechumens, and preparing for their own examination in Chinese and Corean. Mr. Turner is keeping a general eye on the many and somewhat distracting demands which Syeoul makes upon us ; whilst I have confined myself principally to the English work and to making efforts, with my teachers' aid, to regain the Corean I have lost since I have been away. Some of the Marines occasionally walk down to Mapó in the afternoon and put our little boys through some drill. It is good for the lads, and the Marines are always cordially welcomed by Mr. Badcock. The hospital work up here remains where it did in December, Dr. Baldock's knee still keeping him a prisoner, though, thank God, his general health keeps wonderfully good and his spirits are excellent. At times he suffers a good deal of Pain, and yet he is always cheerful, thereby setting us, who are so often his patients, the best example of how, when we are ill, we ought to behave. There is a good deal of slight sickness about amongst the members of the English and American colony in Syeoul, which is difficult to account for seeing that the weather is so exceptionally favorable. With regard to ourselves we are nearly all as well as we could wish to be, the doctor being the only one on the sick list. There will be a good deal of matter to be got into this number of MORNING CALM. I will, therefore, conclude a short letter with every good wish for yourselves. From yours affectionately, C. J. CORFE

Association of Prayer and Work for Corea.

General Secretary's Report. As so much has been said in the Annual Report there is but little to write about this quarter. The Rev. W. Ragg has been obliged to give up the Secretaryship at Wokingham, a newly started centre, as he is leaving the parish. Two other localities - Cornbrook (Lancashire) and North Tyne-are also losing their Secretaries. At Tolton a new branch has been started, where Mrs. Walker is kindly going to act as Secretary. The Needlework Secretary reports that ninety garments have been sent off this spring to Corea, thanks to the industry of all those who have given their time and work during Lent. Both hospitals are open now and in full work, so that the need for garments will still continue. We have good news from Corea. On Easter Eve the Bishop hoped to baptize several of the catechumens at Kanghoa, and at Whitsuntide some of the women, whom Sister Alma has been teaching, are to be baptized. The prayers of all associates are particularly requested for these catechumens in their preparation, as well as for the grace of perseverance for the newly baptized.

St. Peter's Community Foreign Mission Association.

As the Annual Report will probably be published about the same time as this number is issued, there is no need to repeat information given therein, but we hope our members will read every word of it, and would draw especial attention to the most interesting account, written by Dr. Katherine Allan, of her two years' experience in work in the hospital. This has been printed and published in Seoul, but as it reached England early in the year, it has been incorporated with the other matter for the Report, as we hope by this means it will reach and interest many more readers than if only sent out to members of S.P.F.M.A. A single copy will be sent to anyone sending a stamped envelope to the Secretary.

A recent letter from the Sisters speaks of the need of work amongst the native children, and the establishment of five babes as a nucleus of an Orphanage:-“We only set up a separate establishment in December. They have hitherto had more than half their expenses from the hospital; now they have a cottage in the same compound just beyond the church, and a Corean Woman lives with them-a Sister superintending. Lucy, who is four years old, and a poor little boy, Alex, rather younger, are Just beginning to walk and talk ; these poor half-starved morsels are improving, though not so bright as the others." No one can deny that these little ones appeal strongly to us in their helpless and forsaken state, but the funds we raise for the Women's Hospital will not meet any additional claims: it is a strain at present to keep pace with the many demands necessitated by the growing work, especially if subscriptions are not regularly paid. Would not some of the English children combine to support a Corean child? The Children's Branch is open to a great many more recruits, and ought to be enlarged and strengthened.

Corean Stamps.-The Secretary is constantly receiving enquiries for these, and has always hitherto been obliged to reply in the negative, but can now offer some of 1 95 issue, of four denominations : 5 Poon = 1 cent. Green. 10 Poon = 2 cents. Blue. 25 Poon = 5 cents. Brown. 50 Poon = 10 cents. Purple.

“These stamps have both Chinese and Corean characters, giving the denomination. The plum-blossom, the royal flower of the Ye dynasty, which has been in existence for 505 years, ornaments each corner. The national emblem is in the centre. The four characters at the corners represent the four spirits that stand at the corners of the earth, and support it on their shoulders." (Philatelic Journal.) The set of four stamps is sold for 3s. 6d., or singly 1s. each. To be obtained of Secretary, S.P.F.M.A., St. Peter's House, Kilburn, N.W.

Correspondence.

DEAR MR. EDITOR, February 5, 1899.

My excellent friend, the Corean Editor of Morning Calm (who can it be?), asks me to write a word about Christmas in Kanghoa, And though I have not much to write I must, at least, do as I am bid. December brought us welcome recruits in the return of Sister Nora, with her new companions, Miss Unwin, Miss Nevile, and Nurse Helena. It was most refreshing to see them, and especially to see Sister Nora looking so bonny, though not so nimble as she was. Living, as I now do, in Chemulpó, I see all the coming and going; but we did not see much of this party, as the weather was growing very cold, and We were anxious to get them to their journey's end. So one night only was spent in Chemulpó, Sister Nora and one companion finding rest under the hospitable roof of our friend Mr. Hopkins, and the others at the Japanese hotel. And the next day I escorted them half way to Seoul, Mr. Turner coming so far down to meet them. Just a fortnight later I had the added pleasure of welcoming Brother H. H. Firkins, our new S.S M. recruit, who had time for a hurried visit to Seoul, and then returned to Chemulpó to accompany me to Kanghoa on Christmas Eve. I am afraid he did not think it was a very pleasant journey-starting at 8 P.M. in a sampan (open Corean boat), which, after four dreary hours, brought us up in a snow storm to Kapkotchi at midnight. It was too late to think of going into the city, so we spent the rest of the night camped out in a bare, cold and smoky room in our cottage at Kapkotchi. The next day, Christmas Eve, was spent in getting through the greetings to the new-comers, and preparing for the Festival. Our little chapel in Kanghoa is so small that we have had to give up bringing the catechumens into it for Sunday services. We keep that for ourselves and our few Christians and the schoolboys, and have provided a small separate "catechumenate" for the catechumens' services. For Christmas Day we erected an altar temporarily in this catechumenate, so that for the occasion we might all join together, missionaries, Christians, catechumens, including schoolboys, and (behind a curtain) the women. Mr. Hillary and Mr. Laws have given the boys (and some of the adults) quite an idea of music : they really sing the responses to the Litany and the Kyrie (adapted from one or Croft's Plainsong Masses) quite nicely. And for hymnody we have invented a plan based on that Easter “doggerel " so dear to soine of us, so much disliked by others, “Oh! sons and daughters." We began last Easter by teaching the boys to sing the triple Alleluia chorus, while we sang the verses in Corean, but now they are fairly able to sing the verses as well, and Hillary and his teacher have concocted fresh sets of verses suitable to each of the great Festivals. The bays enjoy it immensely, and some of them can play enough (with one finger to act as organist. It doesn't do to play harmonies. They get so confused, and lose the thread of the air.

Well, on Christmas Day we began with the Litany, sung in procession round the orchard (it was a glorious crisp morning), a proceeding which was only marred by the determination of our own dogs and our neighbors' pigs, who will break through our hedge, to take their share in it. The procession ended up in the temporary chapel, where we went straight on with the Eucharist in Corean, the catechumens retiring after the sermon (which I preached, and which, I am persuaded, nobody understood), and before the Nicene Creed. We have now the whole Eucharistic office in Corean, and I hope it will soon be all printed. It is most inconvenient celebrating with a Missal composed of fugitive sheets of paper, with the proper preface jotted down on a half-sheet, and gaps in the Corean supplied in English. But I hope we shall have done with this by Easter. This long service and breakfast took up all the morning; in the evening we had a festive, if not festal, Evening Prayer (we have only got a shortened form of Compline for Coreans yet, and no Corean Evensong), followed by a magic-lantern show in the open air, which was attended by greater crowds than we had bargained for, and which would have been more satisfactory if the lantern light had been stronger. And all this was followed by some simple refreshments for our own people, and games, &c., for the boys. We made a point of observing the three holy days following Christmas (generally so woefully neglected, though placed there with the view of securing special honor), by a Choral Eucharist on each. But we are very behindhand with translations of Collects, Epistles, and Gospels, and it is not easy to translate either St. Paul or St. John, or even the Gospels and Acts, at sight. However, I suppose we shall surmount these difficulties by degrees. On “Boxing Day" Mr. Turner came up from Chemulpó, and spent St. John's Day (when we had a game of football with the boys), with us, leaving for Seoul overland the next day. And then I returned to Chemulpó (where one of my chief duties is to welcome the coming, speed the parting guest"), in time to meet Miss Robertson Macdonald, and see her off to England, whither she is returning after spending nearly two busy and useful years amongst us. The greater part of January was taken up as usual with the truly awful Work of settling up the year's accounts, and one short visit to Seoul. February, I hope (but these hopes are rarely fulfilled), to get uninterruptedly given to translation, &c., as I have a lot to get done, if we are to have any baptisms this Easter and Whitsuntide. If I can get this done, I hope to spend March in Kanghoa, and to get the Bishop there for Holy Week, with the view of bringing off baptisms and confirmations on Easter Eve.

Then between Easter and Whitsuntide we shall have to see what we can do for the Catechumens in Seoul and Mapó. S.S.M. is settling down happily in Kanghoa, under the eagle eye of Fr. Drake, who is pegging away at the language, surrounded by the members of his happy family. You will be hearing from the Bishop that all the rest of us (except for poor Dr. Baldock's unfortunate accident), are doing well. I am, &c., M. N. TROLLOPE.

Notes from Corea.

CHRISTMAS. - A certain amount of moving about is generally necessary at the greater festivals to supply the needs of the several stations of the Mission, and this Christmas was no exception to the rule. Mr. Trollope was wanted in Kanghoa for the Corean services, so the Bishop stayed in Seoul, and Mr. Turner went to take Mr. Trollope's place in Chemulpó. In Seoul the Bishop had a very busy day, beginning with a celebration of the Holy Eucharist at Tyeng Tong at eight o'clock, followed by a second celebration in Corean at Nak Tong at nine, where Mr. Badcock had already said the litany with the catechumens and the Christian boys from Mapó School. Of course the former left after the Gospel, but the Bishop took the whole service for the first time in Corean for the sake of the boys who have been baptized. The Corean translation is unavoidably longer than the English, and as we are none of us very fluent readers of the vernacular as yet, no sooner was this over than the Bishop had to run back to Tveng Tong breakfastless, while the Coreans all stayed at Nak Tong for a breakfast which had been prepared for them on the premises, consisting of soup and rice and “panchan," that is various kinds of peppery, tasty relishes to help the rice down. After tiffin and Evensong, which was said early, leaving Mr. Hodge to keep Dr. Baldock company, the Bishop went out to Mapó with Messrs. Badcock and Bridle, where the boys were to have a Christmas tree, the joys of which they had learnt at Chemulpó, where, if Dr. Landis did not have one himself, they were always invited to see Mrs. Meyer's, and you may be sure they did not go away empty-handed. The Germans out here are very careful to keep up their home custom of having a tree, whether there are children or no, and very pretty they make them look every year. They had a pleasant evening at Mapó, and the

MAY, JUNE, JULY, 1899.

Intercessions for Missions.

PHIL. iv. 6.-" In everything by prayer and supplication with thanksgiving let your requests be made known unto God.” Sunday. Thanksgiving : For the call of priests to fill the vacant bishoprics of Madras, Lahore, Grahamstown, Madagascar. For the zeal and earnestness of the Church Missionary Society during the Century. For the increasing zeal and activity in the cause of the Gospel in foreign lands. For all answers to our intercessions and prayers. Monday. Pray for : Special grace and guidance to all Bishops-designate and newly-consecrated Bishops. For the increase of the episcopate in Australia, North China, and India. For God's blessing on the efforts to found a Bishopric for Manchuria, and for the oversight of English Missions in the Soudan. For a faithful and holy Bishop for St. Helena. Tuesday. Pray for : The growth and advance of the Church in New Guinea, in Burmah, in China, in India, in Central Africa, in Equatorial Africa, in West Africa : Remembering all those laboring in these lands - the Bishops, priests deacons, the native clergy, the doctors, teachers, sisters, artisans, the hearers, the catechumens, baptized. For the progress of the Gospel in the Soudan. Wednesday Pray for: The conversion of the many Mohammedian nations. For the raising up of men with special gifts for dealing with Mohammedan error.

For those laboring for the conversion of the Jews.

Thursday. Pray for: The Corean Mission, the Bishop and his clergy, the doctors, the Brothers of The Sacred Mission, the Sisters of St. Peter's Community, all the lay-workers. For those under instruction for Holy Baptism. For those admitted into the Church. For the drawing of many souls to Christ. For the work at Niu Chwang. For the Association of Prayer and Work. for the Hospital Naval Fund. Friday. Pray for: The Archbishop's Mission to the Assyrian Christians, and the revival of the ancient Church. For the schools of the Mission and the teachers laboring therein. For special gifts of learning, counsel, and patience to the priests of the Mission. For the Association in aid of the Assyrian Mission.

Saturday Pray for: All missionaries in sickness, discouragement, difficulties, temptations. God's blessing on all home efforts in behalf of Missionary work, Missionary Societies, Junior Clergy Organisations, Parochial Guilds and Societies. A blessing on the “ Manual of Intercession for Foreign Missions issued by the S.P.C.K.

FOR MISSIONARY DEVOTION.

LORD JESUS CHRIST, Who didst charge Thine apostles that they should preach the Gospel to every nation ; make us to show our gratitude for Thy benefits by earnestness in fulfilling Thy commands. Prosper all Missions of Thy Church with an increase of sanctity, that they may win many to an acknowledgment of Thy Truth. Give them all things needful for their work, making them to be centres of spiritual life, to the quickening of many souls, and the glory of Thy Holy Name, our only Mediator and Advocate. Amen. womenfolk of the neighboring village who came to inspect the tree wanted to stay for the whole evening, and it was hard work getting rid of them again. They do enjoy what they call a “kougyeng," wherein they are not unlike some of their English sisters. CHRISTMAS IN CHEMULPO.-Mr. Turner writes: “It is just two years since I landed in Corea, and on Christimas Eve two years ago I had the same task entrusted to me, of tramping down the twenty-four miles to Chemulpó to take the services on Christimas Day. Then I remember I had a coolie to carry my traps and to show me the way. Now the way is only too familiar, and I generally carry a toothbrush and one or two other necessaries in a haversack, and fall back on Mr. Trollope for anything else I may need, and I may say he is very good about it he does not grumble, at least before my face. When I got down I found Dr. Carder ready to welcome me and supply me with bodily comforts, so, after a refreshing cup of tea, we said Evensong, dined and retired to bed early, ready for next morning Christmas Morning was a beautiful clear morning, and we began our day with Corean prayers, and then at seven thirty had our first celebration of the Holy Eucharist for the Japanese. It is an uncomfortable sensation, taking the service in a language not one word of which one is able to understand. But the Japanese say they can follow, although as one stumbles along one wonders how they can. The service is printed not in the Japanese character, but in what is called Romaji, i.e. Japanese sounds approximately represented in Roman character. However, there is one part we can understand, for we always say the consecration prayer in English. Then at 8.30 came a second celebration altogether in English. I must not forget to say how the sanctuary has been improved by a new candelabrum presented to the church by Mr. and Mrs. Hopkins of Chemulpó, for which we have never recorded our thanks in this magazine, and with the candlesticks waiting to go to Kanghoa church when it is built, and a new brass cross brought by the Bishop, not to mention some new kneelers, the church looked very nice; and besides we had a little real holly sent up by Mr. W. Armour from Mokpo, a port further south on the west coast of Corea. The afternoon was spent in paying and receiving visits. Some Japanese came to present Mr. Trollope and Dr. Carden with five boxes of oranges and a sum of twenty dollars for the hospital building fund as a slight recognition of their great kindness in teaching in the Japanese night school. I was also introduced to the youngest member of the British community in Corea, son of the Commissioner of Customs, a young gentleman of some four weeks of age, and very wellbehaved at that. Then after dinner at six, the Japanese Christians came up for Evensong, and after Evensong ensued what I think Mr. Smart calls a “sobetsokwai"- I am not sure of the spelling—something of what we call a "tea-fight," with tea and coffee, and cakes, and jam, and sweets, and cigarettes, many of them, not the last item, being presents from the ladies of Chemulpó, who are all adepts in the confectioner's art. Our Christmases are, as you see, different from those at home, but yet there is the same feeling pervading it, which brings us very near to all we have left in England. As we get up in the morning we think of those at home just putting the finishing touches to their preparations, perhaps hanging their own stockings up, or filling the little one’s for them, or perhaps making sure that all is ready for the dinner next day, or finally preparing themselves for their Christmas Eucharist. Then when they are getting up and receiving That which we received some hours before, we are sitting resting after our morning's work and Christmas dinner; while again, as we retire to bed, if we go as we ought to and generally do, in decent time, the same resting process is going on at home. Boxing Day I spent in journeying .up, in an open boat, without a coat or wrap of any kind, basking in the sun, to Kanghoa to visit the S.S.M. house there, a journey of some twenty miles-a trip you would not care for in England at this time of year, but we have had a wonderfully warm winter, with the most gloriously bright days. I had not been up to see them for a long time, and glad to find everybody well. Tuesday I spent there, and then on Wednesday returned to Seoul by land, a long walk of some thirty-five miles. First the road runs through some hilly and fairly well wooded country, and then across miles and miles of level paddy fields, now all brown and dry and uninteresting, so different from what they are when the young rice is growing up with its fresh green, or later when the silvery, blossoming heads are all bending before the wind, or later still when autumn turns the whole country-side into one golden plain ready for the harvesters. But there is always something to interest one in these long walks, and one often picks up a Corean companion for a time, though as a rule we go faster than they do, and they drop behind at the first roadside inn. I crossed the river at Yanghoachin, where the cemetery is, and the last four miles seemed a very long way in the semi-darkness, and the lights and food of Nak Tong and Mr. Hodge's greetings were very welcome. ANGLICAN DIRECTORY.-For the last two years we have issued from Press a book called the Anglican Directory of the Church in the Far East. And this we have done with two ends in view : first, the drawing together of all the members of the Church working in the Far East, China, Japan, Corea, the Straits Settlements, &c. -for these places, though they may seem much the same at home, are very different and very far apart, with very separate interests, when one is on the spot; and, secondly. the giving of required information to those at home who take an interest in the Church's work in what is an increasingly important sphere of missionary activity. In spite, however, of the excellence of the object and the excellence of the work itself, the copies sent to England have not secured a ready sale. This we believe to be due to the fact that the book is not sufficiently well known, but after this notice and the advertisement in this copy of Morning Calm, its readers will have no excuse, and we hope that purchasers will soon be found for all the copies which we are sending home after Easter. They are not very numerous, and should be ordered at once from Miss Day of Rochester, vide advertisement

MEDICAL WORK IN SEOUL-The last three months have been a very quiet time, for though Miss Allan has been exceedingly busy with her dispensary and private patients, yet the hospitals have both been practically closed, owing in great measure to Dr. Baldock's accident. He cut his knee very badly nearly three months ago, and it has quite incapacitated him from doing any work. He hopes to be about again in a week or two, but meanwhile it has been impossible, under the circumstances, to make the intended changes which are necessary before the hospitals can be got into full working order again. And now we shall not do anything till the Chinese new year is past, for this is the great holiday of the year here, and no one lets himself be ill if he can possibly help it, and all work is at a standstill for a fortnight. Dr. Allan has issued her report, very full and interesting, of her work among the women and children during the last two years. No doubt copies will be sent home, which may be procured by those who desire to see a record of good work done.

Landis Memorial.

IMMEDIATELY after the death of Dr. Landis many of his friends in Chemulpó asked to be allowed to join the Mission in contributing to any memorial that was to be raised to him. No general whip was sent out, but a sum of over $300, say £30, was then and there contributed. The first charge on this will be the handsome white marble cross (seven feet high), cut by a Chinese mason in Chefoo, which has been erected over his grave in Chemulpó. This, however, will not cost more than $100, say £10, all told. The majority of the subscribers will probably prefer that the balance should go towards a "Landis Memorial Ward” in the new hospital, now being built out of the S.P.G. Marriott bequest in Chemulpó. Towards this the Bishop has contributed £50, which, with the balance from the Chemulpó subscriptions and sundry other items, will bring the sum available up to £130. The total cost of the extra wing or ward will probably not be under £150. If, therefore, any of the readers of Morning Calm,' who knew Dr. Landis, would like to add their mite, there is room for them to do so. I have not asked him, but I am sure that my brother (Mr. C. G. N. Trollope, 49 Warwick Gardens, Kensington, W.) will gladly receive and forward to me any special contributions for this purpose. Two other little memorials to the "little doctor" are on foot, which may be of interest to the readers of Morning Calm : (a) Three of his friends in the Mission are proposing to fill with stained glass the little east window (three lights) of St. Michael's Church, Chemulpó, in his memory. A design has been secured from Messrs. Heaton, Batley and Bayne, who estimate the cost at £22. This would probably be not less than £25, including freight, &c. Theo “three friends” do not want to keep others out of this, if they would rather subscribe to this than to the other. But if any subscriptions are sent for this special purpose to my brother, they should be marked. (b) A member of the Mission has brought up, and considerably added to, Dr. Landis's library of European works on Corea, China, Japan, &c., and of native Corean, Chinese, and Japanese works. These, with Dr. Landis's papers, &c., have been arranged as a Landis Memorial Library in the Mission House at Chemulpó, and it is proposed to catalogue them carefully, and to add to them from time to time Any of the readers of Morning Calm who have books or pamphlets, ancient or modern, on Corea, China, Japan, and the Far East generally, or other works likely to be of interest in such a collection, are requested, if they would care to present them, to communicate with the undersigned. M. N. TROLLOPE.

The English Mission,

Chemulpó, Corea. N.B.-We hope in the next issue of Morning Calm to let you have a photograph and description of Dr. Landis's tombstone in Chemulpó.

Chemulpó Medical Work.

DEAR SIR, I have been asked by your Corean editor to write a short account of the medical work of the mission at Chemulpó, for which I am now responsible, giving at the same time some sort of idea as to my first impressions. It is with great pleasure that I take up my pen to do this, as I know from personal experience at home how eager one gets when interested in foreign missions to read in the magazines about the kind of people the heathen are, their customs, habits, &c.; this is especially the case with those who themselves intend, if God opens the way, to work for Christ in foreign lands. I should like to add that I keep before me while writing the desire not to give any high coloring, which is only likely to mislead and give wrong impressions to my readers. Many who take in Morning Calm have no doubt had opportunities of doing work among the poor of London or other large towns, visiting, nursing, &c. Well, those who have done so know almost exactly the kind of people the Coreans are, for to my mind they are much the same in many respects. Perhaps I can explain this better by speaking of individuals who have come to be out-patients for medical treatment. You have the old man (or shall I say old sinner), who comes with an old ulcer on his foot, which under simple washing and antiseptic treatment is rapidly recovering ; then he disappears for a few days. When he returns of course the ulcer is worse, and he reeks of "sool," which also, by the way, contains alcohol, as do a few of the beverages one hears of at home as good, indifferent and nasty. I have not sampled the native “sool." but I should place it under the last category myself. Seeing him in this condition you try to convey to his mind in bad Corean that his foot is not likely to get better under his amateur internal treatment of small or large doses of "sool." How often one has to say exactly the same thing to patients at home, only we perhaps then try to break the news gently. The next type that I call to mind is the old country woman, who presents you with two straw rolls of eggs, each containing ten, and rattles off a very long yarn, to which you listen attentively, picking out the words you know-imagination supplying the rest. If you hear the word ‘Hakchil” (Corean name for ague) you are satisfied, and offer her the usual dose of quinine. Then she talks very quickly, shakes her head, and you discover that it is not she who is suffering, but some remote relation. Then follows an attempt to get her to understand that she ought to have brought a bottle for the medicine. Again, there is the regular Oriental who comes in, and you know he has come to see what he can get out of you, for his almond-shaped eyes look round at your various bottles on the shelves until he spies a bottle containing a white powder which he takes for quinine. It happens to be bicarbonate of soda. He then explains that he wishes to buy some quinine. You politely inform him that you are not a drug shop, but that if he suffers from “Hakchil" you will be pleased to give him a dose of medicine, for which he can give us money according to his means. I always make it a rule to accept money, and when I get to know them better shall charge a regular fee to those Coreans who can afford to pay. There are many more types which come to the dispensary, but one more will suffice for the present- namely, the regular made up case. I have in mind a lad of about eighteen years, who came, and after taking off his jacket showed his arms, which had many shallow ulcers upon them, each ulcer being horse -shoe shape, and about the same size. The peculiar shape at once raised my suspicion, and I put them down as artificially made sores, evidently for begging purposes. This supposition was also supported by his general appearance, which was quite different from that of a starving or even a hard-up individual. The patients I have had under treatment have not by any means all been of such a simple character as the above ones I have spoken about. Had the new hospital been open I think I should have had it about full nearly the whole three to four months that I have been at work here. As it is I have had to refuse to admit many of the cases. The Corean house I have been using as a temporary hospital has been more or less full of patients for three months now, among them being two serious cases, one of them a bad compound fracture of the left leg which, notwithstanding the difficulties of treatment in Corean rooms, is doing well. He will, I think, eventually have a good serviceable leg. I have perhaps the worst type, morally, of Coreans to deal with. A great many come in to the port simply for the sake of making money quickly, but as a rule they, that is the Coreans, make very good patients, they have intelligence, but it requires developing. I am very fond of the Corean boys; perhaps I shall not feel the same towards them when I have been long enough in the country to find out their bad qualities, but they are extremely bright, with a latent intelligence, and for the most part handsome. I can quite understand how my predecessor got so attached to them, and wished to keep an orphanage going. For me this will be impossible with a new hospital under my care, which will certainly require all my attention if I am to do justice to it; and besides this one has to try and get in some hours of work at the language daily. This only shows the need we have of more workers, and therefore more money to develop the openings for mission work in Corea. I have only to add that the building of the new hospital is proceeding satisfactorily; the roof is on, and as soon as spring sets in the work will no doubt go ahead rapidly. When finished we hope to get photographs taken, which will give the readers of Morning Calm a better idea of the building than any description can. The expense of furnishing the hospital adequately will be rather heavy, but we shall have to manage as best we can with what money we have in hand for this matter. I hope that this short account of Chemulpó medical work may be of some interest to the readers of Morning Calm, and that, if in no other way, our work may be helped forward by the Prayers of those at home. At the same time we out here hope that help from home will include both prayers and the natural result therefrom. Yours very truly, WM. A. CARDEN.

Report of Medical Work at Kanghoa.

January to September, 1898. IN the earlier part of this period, before the existence of the dispensary was known, most of the cases were visited in their own homes; but as time went on this became impracticable, save for severe cases. In this period 242 visits to houses were made at varying distances, from close by to the farther end of the island. A few explanations of the variations in the attendances : Two weeks in April I was away at Chemulpó, sharing the nursing of Dr. Landis. Two weeks in September were spent in a holiday. In both of these months the figures fell somewhat. About twelve cases were remitted to Seoul, in nearly all cases at the expense of the Mission, for operation. Of many of the cases enumerated, it is obvious nothing could be done for them in Kanghoa in my capacity of medical student, even if I were capable of it. All I can do in operative cases is to refer them to Seoul ; in most cases they refuse to stir, preferring to die in the company of their relatives. About one-sixth of the attendances were women cases. Six anæsthetics were given-three for amputation of fingers, two for fractures, one for spinal abscess. During this period patients have brought of their own free will 23 fowls, 830 eggs, 3 large fish, 200 persimmons, 2 pairs of Corean socks, and one pair of straw shoes. If I may venture on what seems out of my province, may I say that the opening of medical work has broken down a considerable amount of the insular prejudice that Kanghoa folk have against foreigners, i,e., our Mission, for we are the only foreigners here. ARTHUR F. LAWS. ATTENDANCES AT KANGHOA DISPENSARY, JAN.-Sept. 1898.

The Spirit of missions.

THE last few months have seen an almost unprecedented number of changes in the Episcopate in our Colonial and Foreign Dioceses. In India, not only have we recently bidden farewell to two of our English clergy, Dr. Welldon and Dr. Macarthur, who have gone as Bishops of Calcutta and Bombay respectively, but Since our last number the vacant Dioceses of Lahore and Madras have been filled by appointments of which we have heard only universal satisfaction expressed. The new Bishop of Lahore is the Rev. G. A. Lefroy, the Head of the S.P.G. and Cambridge Mission at Delhi, and the new Bishop of Madras is the Rev. H. Whitehead, the Principal of Bishop's College, Calcutta. As to Japan, the Rev. H. J. Foss was consecrated Bishop of Osaka a few days after our last number appeared, and left England a few weeks afterwards. In Africa, the Diocese of Grahamstown has at last been filled by the appointment of Canon Cornish, Vicar of St. Mary Redcliff, Bristol, and the Rev. G. L. King, Vicar of St. Mary's, Tyne Docks, is to be the new Bishop in Madagascar. At the end of February we received the news of the death of the Bishop of Barbados and Windward Islands (Dr. Herbert Bree). Codrington College, the threatened necessity of the closing of which has been just brought before us, is in the Barbados Diocese, and that diocese and its united one of the Windward Islands were the scene of the great hurricane of September last. As our readers know, there has been continued distress for many years, owing to the ruin of the sugar industry ; and on the 10th and 11th of September last a terrible hurricane swept over many of the islands, the violence of which we can get some faint idea of by the photographs of ruined houses and churches which have been published. Barbados, St. Vincent, and the Grenadines suffered severely. In the island of St. Vincent alone the injury to Church property is estimated at twenty thousand pounds, and out of the 40,000 inhabitants of that island it is said that 30,000 were rendered homeless.

We have just received our Annual Report of the S.P.G. and immediately we opened it there was something at the very front of it which is really a splendid piece of work, namely, a large map 2 feet 4 inches by 1 foot 3 inches, showing the situation and boundaries of all the Dioceses and Missionary Jurisdictions of the Anglican Communion in the whole world. The English Colonial and Missionary Bishoprics have their titles printed in red, those within British territory being bounded by solid red lines, and those outside British territory by dotted red lines. The American (United States) Bishoprics are distinguished by black titles, those within the United States being bounded by solid red lines, and those outside the United States (such as North Tokyo and Kioto in Japan) being underlined in red. Every Churchman and Churchwoman who endeavors to make Foreign Missions an intelligent reality will feel grateful to S.P.G. for this long-needed publication. It is a sort of thing we shall all wish to keep somewhere handy on our study tables for use whenever we read of dioceses which are only names to us. We have inquired at the S.P.G. offices whether the map will be obtainable separately at a cheap figure, but were told that the Society had not yet arranged for that. As demand usually creates a supply, we hope the appreciation with which this map is received will soon put it within the reach of all. At present our readers will have to ask at 19 Delahay Street for the Annual Report, and they will find the map as its frontispiece. It is absolutely up-to-date; dioceses such as Mombasa are shown, and even the proposed diocese of North Australia is given.

The S.P.G., as we mentioned in a by-gone number, have instituted an examination in Missionary Knowledge for their children's branches. The results are now announced :-Twenty two first-class certificates and fifty second-class certificates are awarded, the Chairman's prize for the best paper of all, and the certificate of honor for the highest aggregate of marks, being won by London parishes. Special certificates have also been awarded to the gainers of highest marks in the Dioceses of Ely, Lichfield, Rochester, Worcester, and Liverpool. The Bishop of Singapore, Labuan, and Sarawak has sent home a long letter which gives, amongst other things, an interesting account of work in the island of Borneo. We feel inclined to quote a passage : - "Another illustration of Missionary work in Borneo may be taken from the district occupied by the Rev. W. Howell. Mr. Howell is himself the fruit of the Mission. He was educated in the school at Kuching, and did so well there that he was sent on to St. Augustine's at Canterbury. He has now been for seventeen years in Holy Orders, and has shown himself a workman who has no need to be ashamed. The headquarters of his Mission are at Sabu, on the Undup River, about four miles from the Government fort at Simanggang. By almost incessant travelling he has sown the faith over a very large area ; planting small chapels and Mission-houses in every village so soon as a few people have shown themselves to be faithful, and then slowly, steadily, year after year gathering their neighbors into the fellowship of the Gospel with them. I went with him to the most recently formed of these village congregations in July last. It was at a village named Sinkuang, on the Indup. It took us the greater part of the day to get up there in two very small boats. Mine was manned by three lay readers-Apai Merta, Lakun, and Anggok, with Jantong, the excellent catechist of the Mission, as coxswain. They had claimed as a right to perform this piece of friendly service for the Bishop, specially stipulating with Mr. Howell before my arrival that no mention should be made of remuneration. Certainly it was a picked crew; all of them men who knew every secret of this dangerous river, and all hard to beat in any of the operations by which a boat is got up stream. There is no lack of variety in the methods used: now paddling gaily over a long smooth reach, a lovely river avenue between huge trees decorated with ferns, and festooned with flowering creepers ; now poling over shallow gravel beds, often wading themselves and pushing the boat along. At the three waterfalls that occur on the way: the boat had to be discharged of all its contents and carried up. All this labor was performed with the greatest good-humor; the fun and laughter which was kept up hour after hour made one often think how unlike it was to the solemnity of episcopal visitations elsewhere. "At our journey's end we found the whole population of the little village assembled to meet us with shouts of welcome. The little Mission-house was of the humblest description-frame of rough timber, roof thatched with the long grass of the place, walls of palm leaves. "Here we spent a long evening, and very pleasant it was, and I hope profitable. The Christians from the villages all around—some lying at a great distance from Sinkuang-came in to meet us, being, according to custom, entertained at the houses of the villages; and, being a little in advance of the new converts of the place, were of great help in the instructions which filled up the time, expressing more clearly the difficulties which their hosts found it hard to put into words, and explaining the teaching when they thought it was not clear enough for these babes in Christ. It was all done modestly, and in the best taste, and was of great advantage to us and our audience. "In the morning I confirmed nineteen of those who had been recently baptized by Mr. Howell, some being told that they had better wait till their knowledge had increased and their steadfastness of purpose tested. Probably the little grass-roofed shed will be replaced before long by durable and suitable buildings, but in Mission work nothing is so interesting to witness and take part in as the first simple steps in planting a new garden of the Lord in the wilderness." [Just as we go to press we have received another letter from the Bishop, dated February, which we are able to insert. DEAR FRIENDS, – Since I last wrote nothing has happened to disturb the somewhat uneventful routine of our lives. The disposition of our forces is the same. Printer's "copy" comes up from time to time from Mr. Trollope at Chemulpó, which, after it has been revised, is handed over to Mr. Hodge. Mr. Turner divides his time between helping me in these revisions, instructing the catechumens, and seeing what he can of the boys-rather the young men -of the Government School. These, though they are not catechumens, are very friendly, and much appreciate Mr. Turner, especially when he joins them at football, which they play very regularly—their numbers being usually reinforced by a few of the English marines. Dr. Baldock's accident, of which I spoke in my last, still keeps him a prisoner to his room, but the knee is showing signs at last of mending. How glad we shall be to see him about again! Meanwhile the nurses- especially the new arrivals—find plenty to do in study of the language, looking after the babies, and in the dispensary attached to the women's hospital. Miss Allan's splendid report of the work done last year in this hospital has been sent home, and I trust that the Editor will find room in Morning Calm for copious extracts from it. It is a work which I should like you all to read for I know it would give you great pleasure. We could, however, only print off a few copies, which have been distributed judiciously amongst our friends in England. Towards the end of the month-that is to say, after the (China) New Year was well over -the two hospitals were re-opened. I think I explained that, in consequence of the short-handed state of our medical and nursing staff, the work has, of late, been con fined chiefly to the two dispensaries. But by the end of the month the hospitals were re-opened-and were very soon full of patients. C. J. CORFE

Printed and published at the ENGLISH CHURCH MISSION PRESS, SEOUL.

HANDBOOK and DIRECTORY of THE ANGLICAN CHURCH IN THE FAR EAST, 1899. CHINA. JAPAN. COREA. SIAM. BORNEO. HAWAII. STRAITS SETTLEMENTS.

The above work, written, printed, and published by members of Bishop Corse's Mission, gives full, reliable, interesting, and up-to-date information about all the English and American Church Missions (15 dioceses in all) in the above countries, together with a succinct account of the peoples, languages, governments, and religions met with there, and a brief conspectus of non-Anglican Missionary work-Greek, Roman, and Protestant—in those parts. A limited number of copies, price 25., are to be had of Miss DAY, Lorne House, Rochester, to whom early application should be made.