"(Translation) 李性黙密符諭書"의 두 판 사이의 차이

장서각위키
이동: 둘러보기, 검색
 
(사용자 2명의 중간 판 6개는 보이지 않습니다)
10번째 줄: 10번째 줄:
 
|Key Concepts = Secret tally, King Yŏngjo,  
 
|Key Concepts = Secret tally, King Yŏngjo,  
 
|Translator = [[2018 Summer Hanmun Workshop (Advanced)#Participants | Participants of 2018 Summer Hanmun Workshop (Advanced Translation Group)]]
 
|Translator = [[2018 Summer Hanmun Workshop (Advanced)#Participants | Participants of 2018 Summer Hanmun Workshop (Advanced Translation Group)]]
−
|Editor =  
+
|Editor = Younès M'Ghari
 
|Translation Year = 2018
 
|Translation Year = 2018
  
19번째 줄: 19번째 줄:
 
=='''Introduction'''==
 
=='''Introduction'''==
  
−
This instruction to refer to a "secret tally" (密符, MR: milbu, RR: milbu) was ordered in 1770, the 6th day of the 1st month by King Yôngjo's (英祖, RR: Yeongjo; r. 1724-1776) during his 46th year of reign and was intended to the official Yi Sôngmuk (李性默, RR: Yi Seongmuk; 1707-?) in charge of region called Ch’ôngnam<ref>Ch’ôngnam (淸南, RR: Cheongnam), region in the south of the river Ch’ôngch’ôn (淸川江, RR: river  Cheongcheon)</ref> in the Pyôngan province. He is asked to refer to the 16th secret tally he was previously bestowed in case of necessity.
+
This "secret tally" (密符, milbu) was issued to Yi Sôngmuk (李性默, RR: Yi Seongmuk; 1707-?) in 1770, on the sixth day in the first month of King Yôngjo's (英祖, RR: Yeongjo; r. 1724-1776) reign. Yi Sôngmuk was then in charge of Ch’ôngnam<ref>Ch’ôngnam (淸南, Cheongnam) region to the south of Ch’ôngch’ôn River (淸川江, Cheongcheon gang)</ref> in Pyôngan province. In this tally, the King order Yi to refer to the 16th secret tally.
  
 
==='''Nature of the Document'''===
 
==='''Nature of the Document'''===
28번째 줄: 28번째 줄:
 
==='''Historical Background'''===
 
==='''Historical Background'''===
  
−
In Yôngjo's 45th year of reign (1769), the 18th day of the 12th month, Yi Sôngmuk was nominated by the king as Division General<ref>Division General (防禦使, MR: Pangôsa , RR: Bangeosa)</ref> of Ch’ôngnam in the Pyôngan province and Deputy Prefect of Samhwa. Then, he was given secret tallies and sent to his appointed area.
+
In Yôngjo's 45th year of reign (1769), the 18th day of the 12th month, Yi Sôngmuk was nominated by the king as Division General<ref>Division General (防禦使, Pangôsa, Bangeosa)</ref> of Ch’ôngnam in the Pyôngan province and Deputy Prefect<ref>Deputy Prefect (府使, Pusa, Busa)</ref> of Samhwa. Then, he was given secret tallies and sent to his appointed area.
  
−
According to the documents of the Chamber of the Defense of Borders <ref>Chamber of the Defense of Borders (備邊司, MR: Pibyŏnsa, RR: Bibyeongsa)</ref> in Sukchong's (肅宗, RR: Sukjong; r. 1674-1720) 12th year of reign (1686), the 13th day of the 6th month, it was decided that the Magistrate<ref>Magistrate 縣監, MR: Hyŏn’gam, RR: Hyeon'gam)</ref> of the <span style="color:red">Union of the Three</span> should become a Deputy Prefect and the function of Division General of Ch’ôngnam became a complementary one. Later, according to the 『續大典』the 2nd class Deputy Prefect of the Pyôngan province would bear the two complementary functions of Deputy Prefect of Samhwa and Deputy Prefect of Sônch'ôn (宣川, RR: Seoncheon). In Samhwa,  the Deputy Prefect would be a 3rd class one.
+
According to the documents of the Chamber of the Defense of Borders <ref>Chamber of the Defense of Borders (備邊司, MR: Pibyŏnsa, RR: Bibyeongsa)</ref> in Sukchong's (肅宗, RR: Sukjong; r. 1674-1720) 12th year of reign (1686), the 13th day of the 6th month, it was decided that the Magistrate<ref>Magistrate 縣監, MR: Hyŏn’gam, RR: Hyeon'gam)</ref> of Samhwa should become a Deputy Prefect and the function of Division General of Ch’ôngnam became a complementary one. Later, according to the Sok Taejôn<ref>Sok Taejôn (續大典, RR: Sok Daejeon), a law book that was ordered by King Yôngjo in 1756.</ref> the 2nd class Deputy Prefect of the Pyôngan province would bear the two complementary functions of Deputy Prefect of Samhwa and Deputy Prefect of Sônch'ôn (宣川, RR: Seoncheon).
  
−
李性默(1747~?)의 本貫은 全州이고, 父親은 李仁康이다. 1765年(英祖 41) 式年試 武科에 及第하였다. 이후 官職으로는 都摠府經歷·訓鍊院副正·理山府使·靑南防禦使·黃海水使·江界府使·慶尙右兵使·京畿水使·黃海兵使 等을 歷任하였다.
+
Yi Sôngmuk comes from Chônju<ref>Chônju (全州, RR: Jeonju)</ref>. In 1765 (King Yôngjo's 41st year of reign), he participates to the examination and passes the military service subject. In the course of his life, he is given the functions of Deputy Lieutenant-Governor of Toch'ong<ref>Toch'ong (都摠; RR: Dochong)</ref> (都摠府經歷), Deputy Assistant of the Military School (訓鍊院副正), Deputy Prefect of Yisan<ref>Yisan (理山; RR: Yisan)</ref> (理山府使), Division General of Ch'ôngnam (靑南防禦使), Rear Admiral Commander-in-Chief of the Hwanghae<ref>Hwanghae (黃海, RR: Hwanghae)</ref> [province] (黃海水使), Deputy Prefect of Kanggye<ref>Kanggye (江界; RR: Ganggye)</ref> (江界府使), Right General Commander-in-Chief of Infantry and Cavalry of the Kyôngsang<ref>Kyôngsang (慶尙, RR: Gyeongsang)</ref> [province] (慶尙右兵使), Rear Admiral Commander-in-Chief of the Kyônggi<ref>Kyônggi (京畿, RR: Gyeonggi)</ref> [province] (京畿水使), General Commander-in-Chief of Infantry and Cavalry of the Hwanghae [province] (黃海兵使), etc.
  
 
=='''Original Script'''==
 
=='''Original Script'''==
49번째 줄: 49번째 줄:
  
 
||
 
||
−
Instruction to the Division General of Ch’ôngnam in the Pyôngan province and Deputy Prefect of the <span style="color:red">Union of the Three</span> Yi Sôngmuk.
+
Instruction to the Division General of Ch’ôngnam in the Pyôngan province and Deputy Prefect of Samhwa, Yi Sôngmuk.
  
−
You [my minister] are entrusted with one region, and the responsibility that you endorse is not light. In general, as for dispatching troops and taking opportunities [when they are offered], calming the people and restraining the enemy, one possesses manuals for conduct.  
+
You [my minister] are entrusted with one region, and the responsibilities that you assume are not light. In general, as for dispatching troops and taking opportunities [when they are offered], calming the people and restraining the enemy, one possesses manuals for conduct.  
 
[Yet] I consider there are matters that I [your king] and you [my minister] must handle independently. Without the secret tally, [this] would be impossible to carry out. Moreover, as for unexpected treachery, [we] cannot not take precautions.
 
[Yet] I consider there are matters that I [your king] and you [my minister] must handle independently. Without the secret tally, [this] would be impossible to carry out. Moreover, as for unexpected treachery, [we] cannot not take precautions.
 
If there is an emergency command, by matching the tally [with the other half] there will not be doubt; [so] after [having done so] undertake the command. Thus, I grant you stamped tally no. 16.  
 
If there is an emergency command, by matching the tally [with the other half] there will not be doubt; [so] after [having done so] undertake the command. Thus, I grant you stamped tally no. 16.  
68번째 줄: 68번째 줄:
 
# What is the use of the small seal, before the text, and which institution affixed it?
 
# What is the use of the small seal, before the text, and which institution affixed it?
 
# Linguistically speaking, does the use of the two characters 凡 and 奸 in this message while they were respectively written 凢 and 姦 in the other "instructions for secret tallies" (cf. the link above) reflect a new writting norm for the sinographs among the scribes of the court?
 
# Linguistically speaking, does the use of the two characters 凡 and 奸 in this message while they were respectively written 凢 and 姦 in the other "instructions for secret tallies" (cf. the link above) reflect a new writting norm for the sinographs among the scribes of the court?
 +
<!--
 +
=='''Further Readings'''==
  
−
=='''Further Readings'''==
 
−
<!--
 
 
<div style="color:#008080;">
 
<div style="color:#008080;">
 
* View together with '''~~'''.
 
* View together with '''~~'''.
 
</div>
 
</div>
−
-->
+
 
 
*
 
*
 
*
 
*
181번째 줄: 181번째 줄:
 
[[Category:2018 Hanmun Summer Workshop]]
 
[[Category:2018 Hanmun Summer Workshop]]
 
[[Category:Advanced Translation Group]]
 
[[Category:Advanced Translation Group]]
 +
-->

2022년 2월 14일 (월) 23:51 기준 최신판

Primary Source
이성묵밀부유서1770.jpg Title
English Instruction for a Secret Tally to Yi Sŏngmuk (1770)
Chinese 李性黙 密符諭書
Korean(RR) 이성묵밀부유서 (MR: Yi Sŏngmuk Milbuyusŏ, RR: Yi Seongmuk Milbuyuseo)
Text Details
Genre Royal Documents
Type Instruction
Author(s) King Yŏngjo (RR: Yeongjo)
Year 1770
Source
Key Concepts Secret tally, King Yŏngjo,
Translation Info
Translator(s) Participants of 2018 Summer Hanmun Workshop (Advanced Translation Group)
Editor(s) Younès M'Ghari
Year 2018
Backward.png


Introduction

This "secret tally" (密符, milbu) was issued to Yi Sôngmuk (李性默, RR: Yi Seongmuk; 1707-?) in 1770, on the sixth day in the first month of King Yôngjo's (英祖, RR: Yeongjo; r. 1724-1776) reign. Yi Sôngmuk was then in charge of Ch’ôngnam[1] in Pyôngan province. In this tally, the King order Yi to refer to the 16th secret tally.

Nature of the Document

Historical Background

In Yôngjo's 45th year of reign (1769), the 18th day of the 12th month, Yi Sôngmuk was nominated by the king as Division General[2] of Ch’ôngnam in the Pyôngan province and Deputy Prefect[3] of Samhwa. Then, he was given secret tallies and sent to his appointed area.

According to the documents of the Chamber of the Defense of Borders [4] in Sukchong's (肅宗, RR: Sukjong; r. 1674-1720) 12th year of reign (1686), the 13th day of the 6th month, it was decided that the Magistrate[5] of Samhwa should become a Deputy Prefect and the function of Division General of Ch’ôngnam became a complementary one. Later, according to the Sok Taejôn[6] the 2nd class Deputy Prefect of the Pyôngan province would bear the two complementary functions of Deputy Prefect of Samhwa and Deputy Prefect of Sônch'ôn (宣川, RR: Seoncheon).

Yi Sôngmuk comes from Chônju[7]. In 1765 (King Yôngjo's 41st year of reign), he participates to the examination and passes the military service subject. In the course of his life, he is given the functions of Deputy Lieutenant-Governor of Toch'ong[8] (都摠府經歷), Deputy Assistant of the Military School (訓鍊院副正), Deputy Prefect of Yisan[9] (理山府使), Division General of Ch'ôngnam (靑南防禦使), Rear Admiral Commander-in-Chief of the Hwanghae[10] [province] (黃海水使), Deputy Prefect of Kanggye[11] (江界府使), Right General Commander-in-Chief of Infantry and Cavalry of the Kyôngsang[12] [province] (慶尙右兵使), Rear Admiral Commander-in-Chief of the Kyônggi[13] [province] (京畿水使), General Commander-in-Chief of Infantry and Cavalry of the Hwanghae [province] (黃海兵使), etc.

Original Script

Classical Chinese English

諭平安道淸南防禦使，三和府使李性默。

卿受委一方，體任非輕，凡發兵應機，安民制敵，一應常事，自有舊章。 慮或有予與卿獨斷處置事，非密符，莫可施爲，且意外奸謀，不可不預防。 如有非常之命，合符無疑，然後當就命。故賜押第十六符，卿其受之，故諭。

乾隆三十五年正月初六日.

Instruction to the Division General of Ch’ôngnam in the Pyôngan province and Deputy Prefect of Samhwa, Yi Sôngmuk.

You [my minister] are entrusted with one region, and the responsibilities that you assume are not light. In general, as for dispatching troops and taking opportunities [when they are offered], calming the people and restraining the enemy, one possesses manuals for conduct. [Yet] I consider there are matters that I [your king] and you [my minister] must handle independently. Without the secret tally, [this] would be impossible to carry out. Moreover, as for unexpected treachery, [we] cannot not take precautions. If there is an emergency command, by matching the tally [with the other half] there will not be doubt; [so] after [having done so] undertake the command. Thus, I grant you stamped tally no. 16. You [my minister] should receive this, [and] for this reason I instruct you.

35th year of [Emperor] Qianlong[14], the 6th day of the beginning of the 1st month).

Discussion Questions

  1. Up to how many stamped tallies an official could be granted?
  2. What is the use of the small seal, before the text, and which institution affixed it?
  3. Linguistically speaking, does the use of the two characters 凡 and 奸 in this message while they were respectively written 凢 and 姦 in the other "instructions for secret tallies" (cf. the link above) reflect a new writting norm for the sinographs among the scribes of the court?
  1. ↑ Ch’ôngnam (淸南, Cheongnam) region to the south of Ch’ôngch’ôn River (淸川江, Cheongcheon gang)
  2. ↑ Division General (防禦使, Pangôsa, Bangeosa)
  3. ↑ Deputy Prefect (府使, Pusa, Busa)
  4. ↑ Chamber of the Defense of Borders (備邊司, MR: Pibyŏnsa, RR: Bibyeongsa)
  5. ↑ Magistrate 縣監, MR: Hyŏn’gam, RR: Hyeon'gam)
  6. ↑ Sok Taejôn (續大典, RR: Sok Daejeon), a law book that was ordered by King Yôngjo in 1756.
  7. ↑ Chônju (全州, RR: Jeonju)
  8. ↑ Toch'ong (都摠; RR: Dochong)
  9. ↑ Yisan (理山; RR: Yisan)
  10. ↑ Hwanghae (黃海, RR: Hwanghae)
  11. ↑ Kanggye (江界; RR: Ganggye)
  12. ↑ Kyôngsang (慶尙, RR: Gyeongsang)
  13. ↑ Kyônggi (京畿, RR: Gyeonggi)
  14. ↑ Qianlong (乾隆; r. 1736-1795), the 4th emperor of the Qing dynasty.
원본 주소 "http://dh.aks.ac.kr/jsg/index.php?title=(Translation)_李性黙密符諭書&oldid=20473"