"(Translation) 李性黙密符諭書"의 두 판 사이의 차이

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{{Primary Source Document3
 
{{Primary Source Document3
 
|Image = 이성묵밀부유서1770.jpg
 
|Image = 이성묵밀부유서1770.jpg
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|English =  
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|English = Instruction for a Secret Tally to Yi Sŏngmuk (1770)
 
|Chinese = 李性黙 密符諭書
 
|Chinese = 李性黙 密符諭書
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|Korean =  
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|Korean = 이성묵밀부유서 (MR: Yi Sŏngmuk Milbuyusŏ, RR: Yi Seongmuk Milbuyuseo)
 
|Genre = [[Royal Documents]]
 
|Genre = [[Royal Documents]]
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|Type =
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|Type = Instruction
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|Author =
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|Author = King Yŏngjo (RR: Yeongjo)
 
|Year = 1770
 
|Year = 1770
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|Key Concepts=  
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|Key Concepts = Secret tally, King Yŏngjo,
 
|Translator = [[2018 Summer Hanmun Workshop (Advanced)#Participants | Participants of 2018 Summer Hanmun Workshop (Advanced Translation Group)]]
 
|Translator = [[2018 Summer Hanmun Workshop (Advanced)#Participants | Participants of 2018 Summer Hanmun Workshop (Advanced Translation Group)]]
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|Editor =  
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|Editor = Younès M'Ghari
 
|Translation Year = 2018
 
|Translation Year = 2018
  
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=='''Introduction'''==
 
=='''Introduction'''==
  
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1770年(英祖 46) 1月 6日에 英祖가 平安道淸南防禦使·三和府使 李性默에게 密符 第16符와 함께 내린 諭書이다.
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This "secret tally" (密符, milbu) was issued to Yi Sôngmuk (李性默, RR: Yi Seongmuk; 1707-?) in 1770, on the sixth day in the first month of King Yôngjo's (英祖, RR: Yeongjo; r. 1724-1776) reign. Yi Sôngmuk was then in charge of Ch’ôngnam<ref>Ch’ôngnam (淸南, Cheongnam) region to the south of Ch’ôngch’ôn River (淸川江, Cheongcheon gang)</ref> in Pyôngan province. In this tally, the King order Yi to refer to the 16th secret tally.
  
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1769年(英祖 45) 12月 18日에 李性默은 平安道淸南防禦使·三和府使에 任命되었고, 1770년 1月 6日에 英祖에게 下直하였다. 당시 英祖에게 下直할 때에 같은 날 發給된 諭書와 密符 第16符를 傳達받았고, 이후 平安道淸南防禦使·三和府使에 赴任하였다.
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==='''Nature of the Document'''===
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<div style="color:#008080;">
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* View together with '''[[Instructions for the Secret Tally]]'''.
 +
</div>
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==='''Historical Background'''===
  
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李性默의 官職인 平安道淸南防禦使·三和府使에 대해 살펴보면, 1686년(肅宗 12) 6月 13日 備邊司에 啓한 內容에 의하여 三和縣監을 府使로 昇格시키고 淸南防禦使를 兼職하게 하였다. 이후 『續大典』에서는 平安道에 從2品의 防禦使 二院을 두고 三和府使와 宣川府使가 兼職하였으며, 三和에는 從3品의 都護府使를 두었다.
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In Yôngjo's 45th year of reign (1769), the 18th day of the 12th month, Yi Sôngmuk was nominated by the king as Division General<ref>Division General (防禦使, Pangôsa, Bangeosa)</ref> of Ch’ôngnam in the Pyôngan province and Deputy Prefect<ref>Deputy Prefect (府使, Pusa, Busa)</ref> of Samhwa. Then, he was given secret tallies and sent to his appointed area.
  
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李性默(1747~?)의 本貫은 全州이고, 父親은 李仁康이다. 1765年(英祖 41) 式年試 武科에 及第하였다. 이후 官職으로는 都摠府經歷·訓鍊院副正·理山府使·靑南防禦使·黃海水使·江界府使·慶尙右兵使·京畿水使·黃海兵使 等을 歷任하였다.
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According to the documents of the Chamber of the Defense of Borders <ref>Chamber of the Defense of Borders (備邊司, MR: Pibyŏnsa, RR: Bibyeongsa)</ref> in Sukchong's (肅宗, RR: Sukjong; r. 1674-1720) 12th year of reign (1686), the 13th day of the 6th month, it was decided that the Magistrate<ref>Magistrate 縣監, MR: Hyŏn’gam, RR: Hyeon'gam)</ref> of Samhwa should become a Deputy Prefect and the function of Division General of Ch’ôngnam became a complementary one. Later, according to the Sok Taejôn<ref>Sok Taejôn (續大典, RR: Sok Daejeon), a law book that was ordered by King Yôngjo in 1756.</ref> the 2nd class Deputy Prefect of the Pyôngan province would bear the two complementary functions of Deputy Prefect of Samhwa and Deputy Prefect of Sônch'ôn (宣川, RR: Seoncheon).
  
 +
Yi Sôngmuk comes from Chônju<ref>Chônju (全州, RR: Jeonju)</ref>. In 1765 (King Yôngjo's 41st year of reign), he participates to the examination and passes the military service subject. In the course of his life, he is given the functions of Deputy Lieutenant-Governor of Toch'ong<ref>Toch'ong (都摠; RR: Dochong)</ref> (都摠府經歷), Deputy Assistant of the Military School (訓鍊院副正), Deputy Prefect of Yisan<ref>Yisan (理山; RR: Yisan)</ref> (理山府使), Division General of Ch'ôngnam (靑南防禦使), Rear Admiral Commander-in-Chief of the Hwanghae<ref>Hwanghae (黃海, RR: Hwanghae)</ref> [province] (黃海水使), Deputy Prefect of Kanggye<ref>Kanggye (江界; RR: Ganggye)</ref> (江界府使), Right General Commander-in-Chief of Infantry and Cavalry of the Kyôngsang<ref>Kyôngsang (慶尙, RR: Gyeongsang)</ref> [province] (慶尙右兵使), Rear Admiral Commander-in-Chief of the Kyônggi<ref>Kyônggi (京畿, RR: Gyeonggi)</ref> [province] (京畿水使), General Commander-in-Chief of Infantry and Cavalry of the Hwanghae [province] (黃海兵使), etc.
  
 
=='''Original Script'''==
 
=='''Original Script'''==
  
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{|class="wikitable" style="width:80%; font-size:110%; color:#002080; background-color:#ffffff;"
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{|class="wikitable" style="width:95%; font-size:110%; color:#002080; background-color:#ffffff;"
 
!style="width:40%;"|Classical Chinese || style="width:60%;"| English  
 
!style="width:40%;"|Classical Chinese || style="width:60%;"| English  
 
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(01) 諭平安道淸南防禦
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諭平安道淸南防禦使，三和府使李性默。
  
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(02)　使․三和府使李性默,
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卿受委一方，體任非輕，<span style="color:grey">凡</span>發兵應機，安民制敵，一應常事，自有舊章。
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慮或有予與卿獨斷處置事，非密符，莫可施爲，且意外<span style="color:grey">奸</span>謀，不可不預防。
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如有非常之命，合符無疑，然後當就命。故賜押第'''十六'''符，卿其受之，故諭。
  
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(03)　卿受委一方, 體任非輕,
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乾隆三十五年正月初六日.
  
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(04)　凡發兵應機, 安民制敵,
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Instruction to the Division General of Ch’ôngnam in the Pyôngan province and Deputy Prefect of Samhwa, Yi Sôngmuk.
  
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(05)　一應常事, 自有舊章,
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You [my minister] are entrusted with one region, and the responsibilities that you assume are not light. In general, as for dispatching troops and taking opportunities [when they are offered], calming the people and restraining the enemy, one possesses manuals for conduct.
 +
[Yet] I consider there are matters that I [your king] and you [my minister] must handle independently. Without the secret tally, [this] would be impossible to carry out. Moreover, as for unexpected treachery, [we] cannot not take precautions.
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If there is an emergency command, by matching the tally [with the other half] there will not be doubt; [so] after [having done so] undertake the command. Thus, I grant you stamped tally no. 16.
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You [my minister] should receive this, [and] for this reason I instruct you.
  
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(06)　慮或有予與卿獨斷
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35th year of [Emperor] Qianlong<ref>Qianlong (乾隆; r. 1736-1795), the 4th emperor of the Qing dynasty.</ref>, the 6th day of the beginning of the 1st month).
  
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(07)　處置事, 非密符, 莫可
 
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(08)　施爲, 且意外奸謀, 不可
 
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(09)　不預防, 如有非常之命,
 
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(10)　合符無疑, 然後當就
 
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(11)　命, 故賜押第十六符,
 
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(12)　卿其受之, 故諭.
 
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(13)　乾隆三十五年正月初六日.
 
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(translation)
 
 
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=='''Discussion Questions'''==
 
=='''Discussion Questions'''==
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#
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<div style="color:#008080;">
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#
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* View together with '''[[Instructions for the Secret Tally]]'''.
 +
</div>
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# Up to how many stamped tallies an official could be granted?
 +
# What is the use of the small seal, before the text, and which institution affixed it?
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# Linguistically speaking, does the use of the two characters 凡 and 奸 in this message while they were respectively written 凢 and 姦 in the other "instructions for secret tallies" (cf. the link above) reflect a new writting norm for the sinographs among the scribes of the court?
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=='''Further Readings'''==
 
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134번째 줄: 132번째 줄:
  
  
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==='''Student 8 : (Write your name)'''===
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==='''Student 8 : Younès M'Ghari'''===
 
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*Discussion Questions:
 
*Discussion Questions:
  
 +
Up to how many stamped tallies an official could be granted?
 +
 +
What is the use of the small seal, before the text, and which institution affixed it?
 +
 +
Linguistically speaking, does the use of the two characters 凡 and 奸 in this message while they were respectively written 凢 and 姦 in the other "instructions for secret tallies" reflect a new writting norm for the sinographs among the scribes of the court?
  
 
==='''Student 9 : (Write your name)'''===
 
==='''Student 9 : (Write your name)'''===
178번째 줄: 181번째 줄:
 
[[Category:2018 Hanmun Summer Workshop]]
 
[[Category:2018 Hanmun Summer Workshop]]
 
[[Category:Advanced Translation Group]]
 
[[Category:Advanced Translation Group]]
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-->

2022년 2월 14일 (월) 23:51 기준 최신판

Primary Source
이성묵밀부유서1770.jpg Title
English Instruction for a Secret Tally to Yi Sŏngmuk (1770)
Chinese 李性黙 密符諭書
Korean(RR) 이성묵밀부유서 (MR: Yi Sŏngmuk Milbuyusŏ, RR: Yi Seongmuk Milbuyuseo)
Text Details
Genre Royal Documents
Type Instruction
Author(s) King Yŏngjo (RR: Yeongjo)
Year 1770
Source
Key Concepts Secret tally, King Yŏngjo,
Translation Info
Translator(s) Participants of 2018 Summer Hanmun Workshop (Advanced Translation Group)
Editor(s) Younès M'Ghari
Year 2018
Backward.png


Introduction

This "secret tally" (密符, milbu) was issued to Yi Sôngmuk (李性默, RR: Yi Seongmuk; 1707-?) in 1770, on the sixth day in the first month of King Yôngjo's (英祖, RR: Yeongjo; r. 1724-1776) reign. Yi Sôngmuk was then in charge of Ch’ôngnam[1] in Pyôngan province. In this tally, the King order Yi to refer to the 16th secret tally.

Nature of the Document

Historical Background

In Yôngjo's 45th year of reign (1769), the 18th day of the 12th month, Yi Sôngmuk was nominated by the king as Division General[2] of Ch’ôngnam in the Pyôngan province and Deputy Prefect[3] of Samhwa. Then, he was given secret tallies and sent to his appointed area.

According to the documents of the Chamber of the Defense of Borders [4] in Sukchong's (肅宗, RR: Sukjong; r. 1674-1720) 12th year of reign (1686), the 13th day of the 6th month, it was decided that the Magistrate[5] of Samhwa should become a Deputy Prefect and the function of Division General of Ch’ôngnam became a complementary one. Later, according to the Sok Taejôn[6] the 2nd class Deputy Prefect of the Pyôngan province would bear the two complementary functions of Deputy Prefect of Samhwa and Deputy Prefect of Sônch'ôn (宣川, RR: Seoncheon).

Yi Sôngmuk comes from Chônju[7]. In 1765 (King Yôngjo's 41st year of reign), he participates to the examination and passes the military service subject. In the course of his life, he is given the functions of Deputy Lieutenant-Governor of Toch'ong[8] (都摠府經歷), Deputy Assistant of the Military School (訓鍊院副正), Deputy Prefect of Yisan[9] (理山府使), Division General of Ch'ôngnam (靑南防禦使), Rear Admiral Commander-in-Chief of the Hwanghae[10] [province] (黃海水使), Deputy Prefect of Kanggye[11] (江界府使), Right General Commander-in-Chief of Infantry and Cavalry of the Kyôngsang[12] [province] (慶尙右兵使), Rear Admiral Commander-in-Chief of the Kyônggi[13] [province] (京畿水使), General Commander-in-Chief of Infantry and Cavalry of the Hwanghae [province] (黃海兵使), etc.

Original Script

Classical Chinese English

諭平安道淸南防禦使，三和府使李性默。

卿受委一方，體任非輕，凡發兵應機，安民制敵，一應常事，自有舊章。 慮或有予與卿獨斷處置事，非密符，莫可施爲，且意外奸謀，不可不預防。 如有非常之命，合符無疑，然後當就命。故賜押第十六符，卿其受之，故諭。

乾隆三十五年正月初六日.

Instruction to the Division General of Ch’ôngnam in the Pyôngan province and Deputy Prefect of Samhwa, Yi Sôngmuk.

You [my minister] are entrusted with one region, and the responsibilities that you assume are not light. In general, as for dispatching troops and taking opportunities [when they are offered], calming the people and restraining the enemy, one possesses manuals for conduct. [Yet] I consider there are matters that I [your king] and you [my minister] must handle independently. Without the secret tally, [this] would be impossible to carry out. Moreover, as for unexpected treachery, [we] cannot not take precautions. If there is an emergency command, by matching the tally [with the other half] there will not be doubt; [so] after [having done so] undertake the command. Thus, I grant you stamped tally no. 16. You [my minister] should receive this, [and] for this reason I instruct you.

35th year of [Emperor] Qianlong[14], the 6th day of the beginning of the 1st month).

Discussion Questions

  1. Up to how many stamped tallies an official could be granted?
  2. What is the use of the small seal, before the text, and which institution affixed it?
  3. Linguistically speaking, does the use of the two characters 凡 and 奸 in this message while they were respectively written 凢 and 姦 in the other "instructions for secret tallies" (cf. the link above) reflect a new writting norm for the sinographs among the scribes of the court?
  1. ↑ Ch’ôngnam (淸南, Cheongnam) region to the south of Ch’ôngch’ôn River (淸川江, Cheongcheon gang)
  2. ↑ Division General (防禦使, Pangôsa, Bangeosa)
  3. ↑ Deputy Prefect (府使, Pusa, Busa)
  4. ↑ Chamber of the Defense of Borders (備邊司, MR: Pibyŏnsa, RR: Bibyeongsa)
  5. ↑ Magistrate 縣監, MR: Hyŏn’gam, RR: Hyeon'gam)
  6. ↑ Sok Taejôn (續大典, RR: Sok Daejeon), a law book that was ordered by King Yôngjo in 1756.
  7. ↑ Chônju (全州, RR: Jeonju)
  8. ↑ Toch'ong (都摠; RR: Dochong)
  9. ↑ Yisan (理山; RR: Yisan)
  10. ↑ Hwanghae (黃海, RR: Hwanghae)
  11. ↑ Kanggye (江界; RR: Ganggye)
  12. ↑ Kyôngsang (慶尙, RR: Gyeongsang)
  13. ↑ Kyônggi (京畿, RR: Gyeonggi)
  14. ↑ Qianlong (乾隆; r. 1736-1795), the 4th emperor of the Qing dynasty.
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