NJ2018-2 Cultivating Rice (Data Compilation)

1.
種稻 附 旱稻

五章 (chapter 5)
	isAbout		種稻 (cultivating rice)
	includes	種旱稻 (cultivating upland rice)

2.
稻種有早有晩。 

種稻 (cultivating rice)
	appliesTo 稻 (rice) 

稻 (rice) 
	hasVariety 早稻	(early-sowing rice)
	hasVariety 晩稻	(late-sowing rice)

3. 
耕種法有水耕【鄕名: 水沙彌】, 有乾耕【鄕名: 乾沙彌】, 又有揷種【鄕名: 苗種】。除草之法, 則大抵皆同。

種稻 (cultivating rice)
	hasMethod 耕種法 (plowing and sowing methods)
	hasMethod 除草法 (weeding methods)

耕種法(稻) (plowing and sowing methods for rice)
	includes 水耕 (wet farming)
	includes 乾耕 (dry farming)
	includes 揷種 (transplanting seedlings)

除草法(稻) (weeding methods for rice )
	appliesTo 諸稻 (all varieties of rice)

水耕 hasCommonName 水沙彌(건사리)
乾耕 hasCommonName 乾沙彌(무사리)
揷種 hasCommonName 苗種(묘종)

4.
○ 早稻: 秋收後, 擇連水源肥膏水田, 耕之。【凡水田, 上可以引水, 下可以決去, 旱則灌之, 雨則洩之者, 爲上。 洿下渟水處, 次之, 然久雨泥渾, 則苗腐。 高處須雨而耕者, 斯爲下矣。】 冬月入糞。【正月氷解, 耕之入糞。或入新土亦得。】 二月上旬又耕之。 以木斫【鄕名: 所訖羅】縱橫摩平, 復以鐵齒擺【鄕名: 手愁音】打破土塊令熟。

早稻水耕 (wet farming for the early-sowing rice)
	belongsTo 水耕 (wet farming)
	appliesTo 早稻 (early-sowing rice)
	hasProcess 耕 (plowing) 
	hasProcess 種 (sowing)
	hasProcess 耘 (weeding)
	hasProcess 刈 (harvest) 

	耕 (plowing) 
		isPreviousInSequence 種 (sowing)
	種 (sowing)
		isPreviousInSequence 耘 (weeding)
	耘 (weeding)
		isPreviousInSequence 刈 (harvest) 

耕 (plowing)
	hasProcess 一耕 (1st plowing)
	hasProcess 二耕 (2nd plowing)
	hasProcess 三耕 (3rd plowing)

	一耕 (1st plowing)
		isPreviousInSequence 二耕 (2nd plowing)
	二耕 (2nd plowing)
		isPreviousInSequence 三耕 (3rd plowing)

	一耕 (1st plowing)
		when 秋收後 (after the autumn harvest)
		where 水田 (paddy field)

			水田 (paddy field)
				hasBestGrade    上可以引水下可以決去者 
				hasSecondGrade 洿下渟水處
				hasWorstGrade  高處須雨而耕者。

	二耕 (2nd plowing)
		when 正月氷解 (spring thaw in 01LM)
		method 耕之入糞 (plow and apply manure)
		method 入新土 (bring in new soil)
			耕之入糞 (plow and apply manure)
				or 入新土 (bring in new soil)

	三耕 (3rd plowing)
		when  二月上旬 (01TW/02LM)
		method 治土縱橫摩平 (harrow the soil lengthwise and breadthwise)
		method	打破土塊令熟 (break up the clods of soil to make it ready for planting)
			治土縱橫摩平
				and 打破土塊令熟 
			治土縱橫摩平
				uses 木斫
			打破土塊令熟
				uses 鐵齒擺

木斫 hasCommonName 所訖羅
鐵齒擺 hasCommonName 手愁音


5.
先以稻種漬水, 經三日漉出, 納蒿篅中【鄕名: 空石】, 置溫處。 頻頻開視, 勿致鬱浥。芽長二分, 均撒水田中, 以板撈【鄕名: 翻地】或把撈【鄕名: 推介】覆種。 灌水驅鳥。【以苗生爲限】

種 (sowing)
	hasProcess 發芽 (germination)
	hasProcess 播種 (sow the germinated seeds)
	hasProcess 覆種 (cover the sprinkled seeds with soil)
	hasProcess 灌水 (irrigate)

	發芽 (germination)
		isPreviousInSequence 播種 (sow the germinated seeds)
	播種 (sow the germinated seeds)
		isPreviousInSequence 覆種 (cover the sprinkled seeds with soil)
	覆種 (cover the sprinkled seeds with soil)
		isPreviousInSequence 灌水 (irrigate)

	發芽 (germination)
		method 漬水/漉出/置溫處 (soak, drain, and store in a warm place)
		uses 蒿篅 (hocheon)

	播種 (sow the germinated seeds)
		when 芽長二分 (sprouts become 2 pun)
		method 均撒水田中 (sprinkle seeds evenly in the paddy field)

	覆種 (cover the sprinkled seeds with soil)
		uses 板撈 (pallo)
		uses 把撈 (paro)
			板撈 (pallo)
				or 把撈 (paro)
	灌水 (irrigate)
		hasEffect 驅鳥 (keep the birds out)
		keepUntil 苗生 (seedlings begin to grow)
	
蒿篅 hasCommonName 空石 (빈섬)
板撈 hasCommonName 翻地 (번지)
把撈 hasCommonName 推介 (밀개)


6. 
苗生二葉, 則去水, 以手耘。【苗弱, 不可用鋤。 然水渴土强, 則當用鋤。】 去苗間細草, 訖又灌水。【每去水而耘, 耘訖灌之。 苗弱時宜淺, 苗强時宜深。】 如川水連通, 雖旱不渴處, 則每耘訖決去水, 曝根二日, 後還灌水。【耐風與旱】 苗長半尺許, 又耘以鋤。【苗强, 可以用鋤。】 耘時, 以手挼軟苗間土面。 耘至三四度,【禾穀成長, 唯賴鋤功。 且旱稻性速, 不可小緩。】 


耘 (weeding) 

	hasProcess 一耘 (1st weeding)
	hasProcess 二耘 (2nd weeding)
	counts	三四度 (up to 3 or 4 times)

	一耘 (1st weeding)
		isPreviousInSequence 二耘 (2nd weeding)

	一耘 (1st weeding)
		method  手耘 (hand weeding)
			手耘 (hand weeding)
				hasReason 苗弱 (seedlings are fragile)
		method  鋤耘 (weeding using a homi)
			鋤耘 (weeding using a homi)
				when 水渴土强 (water evaporates and the soil firms up)
			手耘 (hand weeding)
				or 鋤耘 (weeding using a homi)

	二耘 (2nd weeding)
		when 苗長半尺許 (seedlings grow to approx. 10 cm)
		method  鋤耘 (weeding using a homi)
			鋤耘 (weeding using a homi)
				hasReason 苗强 (seedlings are firmly rooted)
		method
			以手挼軟苗間土面 (gently rub the soil surface)
			鋤耘 (weeding using a homi)
				and 以手挼軟苗間土面 (gently rub the soil surface)

	method (A)
		(A) where 川水連通 (place with a constant source of water)
		(A) includes	去水 (drain the water)
		(A) includes	除草 (weeding)
		(A) includes	曝根 (expose the base to the sunlight)
		(A) includes	灌水 (irrigation)

			去水 (draining the water)
				isPreviousInSequence 除草 (weeding grass)
			除草 (weeding)
				isPreviousInSequence 曝根 (exposing the base to the sunlight)
			曝根 (exposing the base to the sunlight)
				isPreviousInSequence 灌水 (irrigation)

			曝根 (exposing the base to the sunlight)
				hasReason 耐風與旱 (to help plants withstand wind and drought)
			灌水 (irrigation)
				method 淺 (irrigate lightly)
					when 苗弱時 (seedlings are young)
				method 深 (irrigate heavily)
					when 苗强時 (seedlings are mature)


	
7.
將熟去水。【有水, 則熟遲。】 早稻善零, 隨熟隨刈。

刈 (harvest)
	
	hasProcess 去水 (drain the water)
	hasProcess 刈稻 (harvest rice)

	去水 (drain the water)
		isPreviousInSequence 刈稻 (harvest)

	去水 (drain the water)
		when 將熟 (plant is about to ripen)
		hasReason 有水則熟遲 (water delays the ripening)
	刈稻 (harvest rice)
		when 隨熟 (as soon as rice is ripe)
		hasReason 善零 (grain is prone to drop)