"문장 16 - 20"의 두 판 사이의 차이

장서각위키
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잔글 (→‎Student 2 : Younès M'Ghari)
잔글
 
(사용자 12명의 중간 판 30개는 보이지 않습니다)
18번째 줄: 18번째 줄:
  
  
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===Student 1 : (Write your name)===
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===Student 1 : Sanghoon Na===
 
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16. 冬: 秋盡冬來北風起白雪下民乃取茅乘屋堇戶入奧
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Winter: Autumn comes to an end and winter comes. North wind rises and white snow falls. People then take reeds to put [the thatched roof] on the houses. They put on paper on the doors and go into the innermost(the place on the ondol floor nearest the fireplace).
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17. 四時: 一歲有四時正月二月三月爲春四月五月六月爲夏七月八月九月爲秋十月十一月十二月爲冬
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Four Seasons: One year has four seasons. The first month, the second month, and third month make spring. The fourth month, the fifth month, and the sixth month make summer. The seventh month, the eighth month, and the ninth month make autumn. The tenth month, the eleventh month, and the twelfth month make winter.
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18. 人: 萬物之中惟人最靈稟受五氣以爲性故皆善
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People: Among myriad things, human beings alone are the most sentient. They are endowed with the Five Qi, which make their nature. Therefore, they are [originally] good.
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19. 父母: 父兮生我母兮育我父猶天也母猶地也欲報之德昊天罔極
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Father and Mother: Father, he begot me. Mother, she raised me. Father is like heaven and mother is like the earth. [Though] Wishing to repay the beneficence, [it would be impossible, because the beneficence is like] the vast heaven without end.
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20. 子: 人子之職惟孝爲大養之以禮斯爲孝矣彼林烏亦知反哺可以人而不如鳥乎
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Son: Among the duties of a son of man, filiality alone is the greatest. Care for parents with propriety. This is the filiality. Behold the crows of the forest. [Even] They also know feeding back. Can a person not be equal to the birds?
  
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===Student 2 : Younès M'Ghari===
 
===Student 2 : Younès M'Ghari===
 
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16. 冬: 秋盡冬來北風起白雪下民乃取茅乘屋堇戶入奧
 
16. 冬: 秋盡冬來北風起白雪下民乃取茅乘屋堇戶入奧
  
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When aumtun is exhausted and winter comes, the wind of the North gets up and the white snow falls down; people then gather reeds, mend the roof, fix the doors and set up in the inner quarters<sup>1</sup>.
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When aumtun is exhausted and winter comes, the wind of the north '''gets up {%%rises%%}''' and the white snow falls down; people then gather reeds ''', mend the roof {%%to mend the roof%%}''', fix the doors and '''set up {%%enters%%}''' in the inner quarters<sup>1</sup>.
  
  
 
17. 四時: 一歲有四時正月二月三月爲春四月五月六月爲夏七月八月九月爲秋十月十一月十二月爲冬
 
17. 四時: 一歲有四時正月二月三月爲春四月五月六月爲夏七月八月九月爲秋十月十一月十二月爲冬
  
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A year has four seasons; the prime month, the second month and the third month are part of spring; the fourth month, the fifth month and the sixth month are part of summer; the seventh month, the eighth month and the ninth month are part of autumn; the tenth month, the eleventh month and the twelveth month are part of  winter.
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A year has four seasons; the prime month, the second month and the third month are part of spring; the fourth month, the fifth month and the sixth month are part of summer; the seventh month, the eighth month and the ninth month are part of autumn; the tenth month, the eleventh month and the twelfth month are part of  winter.
  
  
 
18. 人: 萬物之中惟人最靈稟受五氣以爲性故皆善
 
18. 人: 萬物之中惟人最靈稟受五氣以爲性故皆善
  
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Among ten thousand things, only the most sensible people are endowed with the Five Qi<sup>2</sup> which became their nature; therefore they are all good.
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Among ten thousand things, '''only the most sensible people are endowed with the Five Qi<sup>2</sup> which became [%%only human beings are sensible. [they] are endowed with the five qi that become%%}''' their nature; therefore they are all good.
  
  
 
19. 父母: 父兮生我母兮育我父猶天也母猶地也欲報之德昊天罔極
 
19. 父母: 父兮生我母兮育我父猶天也母猶地也欲報之德昊天罔極
  
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Father gave birth to me, mother gave education to me; father is comparable to Heaven, mother is comparable to Earth; I want to pay back their virtue, [but] the vast Heaven is endless.
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Father gave birth to me, mother '''gave education to {%%raised%%}''' me; father is comparable to Heaven, mother is comparable to Earth; I want to pay back their '''virtue, [but] the vast Heaven is endless {%% [grace, [but their grace is like] vast heaven '''{^and^}''' is endless.
  
  
 
20. 子: 人子之職惟孝爲大養之以禮斯爲孝矣彼林烏亦知反哺可以人而不如鳥乎
 
20. 子: 人子之職惟孝爲大養之以禮斯爲孝矣彼林烏亦知反哺可以人而不如鳥乎
  
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In the duty of someone’s son, only filial piety is eminent; cultivating oneself with rites, this is filial piety. Look at these forest crows, they also know about feeding back<sup>3</sup>; could someone not be as good as crows?
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In the duty of someone’s son, only filial piety is eminent; cultivating '''oneself {%%them [parents]%%}''' with rites, this is filial piety. Look at these forest crows, they also know about feeding back<sup>3</sup>; could '''someone {%%one%%}''' not be as good as crows?
  
  
56번째 줄: 78번째 줄:
 
<sup>3</sup>: Taking care of one's parents like one has been taken care of by them since he was born.
 
<sup>3</sup>: Taking care of one's parents like one has been taken care of by them since he was born.
  
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===Student 3 : (Write your name)===
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===Student 3 : Petra Sváková===
 
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16. 冬: 秋盡冬來北風起白雪下民乃取茅乘屋堇戶入奧
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Winter: When autumn comes to an end and winter comes, the north wind rises and the white snow falls. People then gather grass to thatch [their] roofs, fix [their] doors and enter the southwest corner of the house<sup>1</sup>.
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17. 四時: 一歲有四時正月二月三月爲春四月五月六月爲夏七月八月九月爲秋十月十一月十二月爲冬
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Four Seasons: A year has four seasons. The first, the second and the third month<sup>2</sup> make up spring; the fourth, the fifth, the sixth month make up summer; the seventh, the eighth, the ninth month make up autumn; and the tenth, the eleventh and the twelveth month make up winter.
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18. 人: 萬物之中惟人最靈稟受五氣以爲性故皆善
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People: Among the ten thousand things, only people are the most sensitive, they endow and receive the ''Five Ki''<sup>3</sup> which become the human nature, and thus all people are good.
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19. 父母: 父兮生我母兮育我父猶天也母猶地也欲報之德昊天罔極
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Parents: Father gave birth to me and mother raised me. Father is like the Heaven and mother is like the Earth. [I] wish [I could] repay their virtue [but this is like] the vast sky without end.
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20. 子: 人子之職惟孝爲大養之以禮斯爲孝矣彼林烏亦知反哺可以人而不如鳥乎
  
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Children: The duty of someone's children is being filial to utmost [extend] and nurturing them (parents) with rites, this is being filial. Look at those forest crows, they also know [how to] feed [their parents] back. Could that be [that] a person is not [even as good] as the crows?
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<sup>1</sup> This is the in the inner quarters, the warmest corner of the house where usually elders stay.
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<sup>2</sup> These are months of the lunar year.
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<sup>3</sup> This means the Five Elements - the Earth (地), the Water (水), the Fire (火), the Wood (木) and the Metal (金); or the Benevolence (仁), the Righteousness (義), the Propriety (禮), the Wisdom (智) and the Sincerity (信).
  
 
===Student 4 : (Write your name)===
 
===Student 4 : (Write your name)===
 
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16. 冬: 秋盡冬來北風起白雪下民乃取茅乘屋堇戶入奧
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Winter – [When] autumn is exhausted winter comes, the north wind rises, and white snow falls. People then gather grasses to thatch [their] houses, and repair doors and go into the warmest corner of the house.<sup>1</sup>
  
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<sup>1</sup> The area inside a house with a heated floor that is closest to the source of heat.
  
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===Student 5 : (Write your name)===
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17. 四時: 一歲有四時正月二月三月爲春四月五月六月爲夏七月八月九月爲秋十月十一月十二月爲冬
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The Four Seasons – One year has four seasons. The first, second, and third month<sup>2</sup> make up spring, the fourth, fifth, and sixth months make up summer, the seventh, eighth, and ninth months make up autumn, and the tenth, eleventh, and the twelfth months make up winter.
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<sup>2</sup> Referring to the months of the lunar calendar.
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18. 人: 萬物之中惟人最靈稟受五氣以爲性故皆善
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People<sup>3</sup> – Among all the things [of the world], only people are the most sentient, and are endowed with the Five '''Elements<sup>4</sup> {00 "Elements" for the character 氣 is a bit strange. How about "forces"?00}''' for  to take to be their nature, [and this is] why all [people] are good.
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<sup>3</sup> 人 [K: in; C: ren], in the sense of human beings in general, not any particular group of people.
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<sup>4</sup> Fire, earth, metal, water, and wood, comprising a metaphysical system also called the Five Phases.
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19. 父母: 父兮生我母兮育我父猶天也母猶地也欲報之德昊天罔極
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Father and Mother – Father gives life [to] me and mother raises me. Fathers can be compared to heaven and mothers can be compared to the earth. [Even if I] wished to repay [their] benevolence, [such '''an attempt {00 It is more likely the benevolence, than the attempt to repay, that is like a vast heaven.00}''' is like] the vast heavens without end.
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20. 子: 人子之職惟孝爲大養之以禮斯爲孝矣彼林烏亦知反哺可以人而不如鳥乎
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'''The duty of children [is] only to be filial to the greatest [extent]. {%% As for the duty of a child, filial piety is the sole greatest.%%}''' Nurturing parents with rites, this is being filial. Gazing up, the crows of the forest also know to feed [their parents] in return. Can [one] be a person and not [even] be like the birds?
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Edited Sections:
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18. People – Among all the things [of the world], only people are the most sentient, and are endowed with the Five Forces with which to take to be their nature, [and this is] why all [people] are good.
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19. Father and Mother – Father gives life [to] me and mother raises me. Fathers can be compared to heaven and mothers can be compared to the earth. [Even if I] wished to repay [them, their] benevolence [is like] the vast heavens without end.
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20. Children – As for the duty of the child, filial piety is the sole greatest. Nurturing parents with rites, this is being filial. Gazing up, the crows of the forest also know to feed [their parents] in return. Can [one] be a person and not [even] be like the birds?
 
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===Student 5 : (Jae Yong Chang)===
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16. 冬: 秋盡冬來北風起白雪下民乃取茅乘屋堇戶入奧
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Winter: After autumn is exhausted, winter comes. North wind rises up and white snow falls down. So, People take '''grasses, mend roofs {%%reeds to mend roofs%%}''', repair doors, and go in '''a most of inner corner of the house {%%innermost corner of the house%% 00This needs a note00}'''.
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17. 四時: 一歲有四時正月二月三月爲春四月五月六月爲夏七月八月九月爲秋十月十一月十二月爲冬
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Four Seasons: One year has four seasons. The first month, the second month, and third month become spring. The fourth month, the fifth month, and the sixth month become summer. The seventh month, the eighth month, and the ninth month become autumn. The tenth month, the eleventh month, and the twelfth month become winter.
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18. 人: 萬物之中惟人最靈稟受五氣以爲性故皆善
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People: Among ten thousand things, human beings alone are the most spiritual. They are endowed with the Five '''Elements {00 Forces?00}'''to be their nature. Therefore, everyone is good.
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19. 父母: 父兮生我母兮育我父猶天也母猶地也欲報之德昊天罔極
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Father and Mother: Father birthed me. Mother raised me. Father is like the Heaven. Mother is like the Earth.  One wishes to pay back their '''virtue {%%benevolence or grace%%}''', [but] it is the endless vast and dark sky.
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20. 子: 人子之職惟孝爲大養之以禮斯爲孝矣彼林烏亦知反哺可以人而不如鳥乎
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Son: '''[^Of^]''' The obligation of a person as a son, only filial piety is great. To nurture them with the rites, that is filial piety. Look at these forest crows. They also know how to feed back again. Can it be like a person but not like crows?
  
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===Student 6 : (Write your name)===
 
 
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===Student 6 : (Goeun Lee)===
  
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===Student 7 : (Write your name)===
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冬: 秋盡冬來 北風起 白雪下 民乃取茅乘屋 堇戶入奧
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[As] autumn passes by and winter comes, wind from the north springs up and white snow comes down. People thereby bring straw to thatch their roof, mud [to strengthen] the doors and the innermost place of their house. 
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四時: 一歲有四時 正月二月三月爲春 四月五月六月爲夏 七月八月九月爲秋 十月十一月十二月爲冬
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One year has four seasons: the first, second, third month come under spring; the fourth, fifth, sixth month come under summer; the seventh, eighth, ninth month come under autumn; the tenth, eleventh, twelfth month come under winter.
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人: 萬物之中,惟人最靈,稟受五氣, 以爲性, 故皆善
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Among all things, only human is the most intellectual, being endowed with five '''qis1) {00 Qi is not used in plural. Also, 稟受五氣 is better connected to the next sentence.00}'''. These five qis establish one’s nature and therefore, all are good.
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1) This means possibly those five elements (fire, water, wood, metal, and earth) or five characters of gentlemen (benevolence, righteousness, propriety, intelligence and trust).
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父母: 父兮生我, 母兮育我, 父猶天也, 母猶地也, 欲報之德, 昊天罔極
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[My] father gave birth to me, [my] mother raised me; fathers are comparable to heaven, mothers to earth. Hoping to repay their benevolence, [I realize that] '''they are {%% it [their benevolence] is%%}''' as vast and boundless as the dark sky.
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子: 人子之職,惟孝爲大,養之以禮,斯爲孝矣, 瞻彼林烏,亦知反哺,可以人而不如鳥乎
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[As for] a son of man’s obligation, only filial piety is the greatest. [He must] nurture his parents with propriety; this is filial piety. Look at those crows in the forest. [They] also know to feed ['''their infants {%%their parents%%}'''] after chewing. Can '''a person {%%one be a person and%%}''' be worse than a crow?
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'''Revised version'''
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人: 萬物之中,惟人最靈, 稟受五氣, 以爲性, 故皆善
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Among all things, only human is the most intellectual. [They are] endowed with five qi1) which establish one’s nature and therefore, all are good.
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1) This means possibly those five elements (fire, water, wood, metal, and earth) or five characters of gentlemen (benevolence, righteousness, propriety, intelligence and trust).
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父母: 父兮生我, 母兮育我, 父猶天也, 母猶地也, 欲報之德, 昊天罔極
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[My] father gave birth to me, [my] mother raised me; fathers are comparable to heaven, mothers to earth. Hoping to repay their benevolence, [I realize that] their benevolence is as vast and boundless as the dark sky.
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子: 人子之職,惟孝爲大,養之以禮,斯爲孝矣, 瞻彼林烏,亦知反哺,可以人而不如鳥乎
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[As for] a son of man’s obligation, only filial piety is the greatest. [He must] nurture his parents with propriety; this is filial piety. Look at those crows in the forest. [They] also know to feed their parents after chewing. Could one as a person be worse than a crow?
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===Student 7 : (Alexandre Le Marchand)===
 
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16. 冬: 秋盡冬來 北風起 白雪下 民乃取茅 乘屋 堇戶入奧
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When fall come to its end winter comes. A north wind raises and a white snow falls. Peopple immediately take reeds and get on the roof to fix the door and enter in the room.
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17. 四時: 一歲有四時 正月二月三月爲春 四月五月六月爲夏 七月八月九月爲秋 十月十一月十二月爲冬
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There is four seasons in a year. The first, second and third’s mouth compound the spring, fourth, fifth and sixth mouth compounds the summer, the seventh, eighth and ninth mouth compound the fall and the tenth eleventh and twelfth compound winter.
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18. 人: 萬物之中 惟人最靈 稟受五氣 以爲性 故皆善
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Among all the things only human is the most sensitive. Human’s temperament receive the five elements, through this process it becomes human nature. For this reason everyone is right.
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19. 父母: 父兮生我 母兮育我 父猶天也 母猶地也 欲報之德 昊天罔極
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My father gave me birth and mother raises me, he is similar to the heaven and she is similar to the earth. If I desire pay back their benevolence it would be as impossible as trying to reach the top of a vast sky without limits.
  
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20. 子: 人子之職 惟孝爲大 養之以禮 斯爲孝矣. 첨彼林烏 亦知反哺 可以人而不如鳥乎
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The duty of human as a child of people is only being great and feeding according the rituals. Look over crows in the forest when they are feeding back their progeny, can a person being human and don’t do as well as crows
  
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===Student 8 : (Write your name)===
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===Student 8 : Bryan Sauvadet ===
 
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16.冬: 秋盡冬來, 北風起, 白雪下, 民乃取茅, 乘屋堇戶入奧
  
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===Student 9 : (Write your name)===
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When fall ending winter comes, Northern wind gets up, the white snow falls down. People then gather reeds, mend the roof, fix the doors and go into the warmest corner of the house.
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17.四時: 一歲有四時, 正月二月三月爲春, 四月五月六月爲夏, 七月八月九月爲秋, 十月十一月十二月爲冬
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One year has four seasons. The first month, the  second month, and third month  form spring, the fourth, the fifth month, and the sixth month form summer, the seventh month, the eighth month, and the ninth month form fall, and the tenth month, the eleventh month, and the twelfth month form winter.
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18. 人: 萬物之中, 惟人最靈, 稟受五氣, 以爲性, 故皆善
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Among ten thousand things, only people have the most sensitive, together receive the five Qi, which became human nature, therefore all people are good.
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19. 父母: 父兮生我, 母兮育我, 父猶天也, 母猶地也, 欲報之德, 昊天罔極
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Father! You gave born to me! Mother! You raise me! Father is like the heaven and Mother is like the earth. You want to pay back their Virtue, [in the endless] vast dark sky
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20. 子: 人子之職, 惟孝爲大, 養之以禮 , 斯爲孝矣, 瞻彼林烏, 亦知反哺, 可以人而不如鳥乎
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The duty of a son, only filial piety is great. He takes care of his parents by means of propriety and he becomes filial. It is like observing those forest crows; they also know to feed in return the case that men are worse than birds.
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===Student 9 : HeeJin Lee===
 
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16. Fall ends [and] winter comes / the North wind rises / white snow descends / and so the people seize straws [to] thatch [their] roofs / [and] fix [their] doors [and] enters o*
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* The southwest corner '''^{Which is the innermost corner^}''' of a house where the eldest/elder of the family '''resides {%%usually sits%%}'''
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17. One year has four seasons / the first month[,] the second month[,] [and] the third month are spring / the fourth month[,] the fifth month[,] [and] the sixth month are summer / the seventh month[,] the eighth month[,] [and] the ninth month are fall / the tenth month[,] the eleventh month[,] [and] the twelfth month are winter
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18. Among all things / only humans are '''{^the^}''' most sentient / [they are] endowed [with] the five qi / [which are] '''regarded {00 more likely "are" or "become" 00}''' as [their] nature / [and] for that reason all [people  are] good
  
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19. Father gave birth [to] me / mother raised me / father is like the sky / mother is like the earth / [I] want to replay their virtu[ous deeds] / [which are like] the vast sky without end
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20. '''{^As for^}''' The duty of men[,] as sons / [is] '''only [to be] filial [and] be great {%%only filial piety is the greatest%%}''' / [he] takes care of them [(his parents)] by means of propriety / [and] this is/becomes filiality / '''[it is like] observing {%%Look at%%}''' those forest crows / [they] also know to feed [in] return / can '''it be {%%there be%%}''' the case that men are worse than birds
  
 
===Student 10 : Jelena Gledić===
 
===Student 10 : Jelena Gledić===
96번째 줄: 287번째 줄:
 
18. People:<br />
 
18. People:<br />
  
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Among all things, only people are endowed with the highest cognizance. They grasp the five qi, thus realize their nature, and therefore they are all virtuous.<br />
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Among all things, only people are endowed with the highest cognizance. They '''grasp the five qi, thus realize {%%receive the five ''qi'', which become%%}''' their nature, and therefore they are all virtuous.<br />
  
 
19. Parents:<br />
 
19. Parents:<br />
  
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Father has birthed me. Mother has raised me. Father is like heaven. Mother is like earth. Wishing to return their virtuousness, the vast skies have no end.<br />
+
Father has birthed me. Mother has raised me. Father is like heaven. Mother is like earth. Wishing to return their virtuousness, '''the vast skies have no end {%%it is like the vast sly with no end%%}'''.<br />
  
 
20. Children:<br />
 
20. Children:<br />
112번째 줄: 303번째 줄:
 
===Student 12 : (Write your name)===
 
===Student 12 : (Write your name)===
 
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----
 +
16. Winter: Fall ends and winter comes. North wind arises and white snow falls. People then collect reeds and put them up on the roof. They plaster mud on (the outside of) their house and retreat into a corner deep in the house.
  
 +
17. The Four Seasons: There are four seasons in a year. The first, second, and third months become the spring. The fourth, fifth, and sixth months become the summer. The seventh, eighth, and ninth months become the autumn. And the tenth, eleventh, and twelfth months become the winter.
  
−
===Student 13 : (Write your name)===
+
18. People: Among ten thousand things, people are only the most spiritual being. They exchange the five ''qi''. That is regarded as human nature. Therefore, people are all good.
 +
 
 +
19. Parents: It was the farther, who gave birth to me; it was the mother, who raised me. Father is compared to the heaven; mother is compared to the earth. Children want to pay back what they have been given, but the heaven is endless.
 +
 
 +
20. Children: It is the duty of people’s sons. Only filial piety is (regarded as) great. When children nurture their parents with rites, this becomes filial piety. Look at those crows in the forest. They also know (about) bringing back food (for their elderly parents). Can people do unlike the crows?
 +
 
 +
===Student 13 : Ra Yeonjae===
 
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----
  
 +
16. 冬: 秋盡冬來, 北風起, 白雪下, 民乃取茅乘屋, 堇戶入奧
 +
 +
The Winter: The autumn is exhausted and when the winter comes the wind from the north rises and white snow falls. Therefore, the people gather reed and thatch the house. They mend the door with mud and retreat in the inner place of the house. 
 +
 +
 +
17. 四時: 一歲有四時, 正月、二月、三月爲春, 四月、五月、六月爲夏, 七月、八月、九月爲秋,十月、十一月、十二月爲冬.
 +
 +
Four seasons: One year has four seasons. The first, second, third months become the spring. The fourth, fifth, sixth months become the summer. The seventh, eighth, ninth months become the autumn. The tenth, eleventh, twelfth months become the winter.
 +
 +
 +
18. 人: 萬物之中, 惟人最靈, 稟受五氣以爲性, 故皆善.
 +
 +
The People, among of all things, only people are the most sensible. They are endowed five emotions and becomes the Nature. For that reason, they are all good. 
 +
 +
 +
19. 父母: 父兮生我, 母兮育我, 父猶天也, 母猶地也, 欲報之德, 昊天罔極
 +
 +
The Parents: Father! who gives birth to me. Mother! who raises me. Father is like the heaven, mother is like the earth. If (someone) wants to repay their grace, (which is) endless sky without edge.
 +
 +
 +
20. 子: 人子之職, 惟孝爲大, 養之以禮, 斯爲孝矣, (瞻)彼林烏亦知反哺, 可以人而不如鳥乎
  
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===Student 14 : (Write your name)===
+
The Son: The duties of people as son, only filial piety is the greatest. The son takes care of them with rites, this is filial piety. Behold that forest and the crow knows feed (their child), can it be a person worse than the crow?
−
----
 

2021년 6월 15일 (화) 00:47 기준 최신판

Original Script

16. 冬: 秋盡冬來北風起白雪下民乃取茅乘屋堇戶入奧

17. 四時: 一歲有四時正月二月三月爲春四月五月六月爲夏七月八月九月爲秋十月十一月十二月爲冬

18. 人: 萬物之中惟人最靈稟受五氣以爲性故皆善

19. 父母: 父兮生我母兮育我父猶天也母猶地也欲報之德昊天罔極

20. 子: 人子之職惟孝爲大養之以禮斯爲孝矣彼林烏亦知反哺可以人而不如鳥乎


Translation

Student 1 : Sanghoon Na

16. 冬: 秋盡冬來北風起白雪下民乃取茅乘屋堇戶入奧

Winter: Autumn comes to an end and winter comes. North wind rises and white snow falls. People then take reeds to put [the thatched roof] on the houses. They put on paper on the doors and go into the innermost(the place on the ondol floor nearest the fireplace).


17. 四時: 一歲有四時正月二月三月爲春四月五月六月爲夏七月八月九月爲秋十月十一月十二月爲冬

Four Seasons: One year has four seasons. The first month, the second month, and third month make spring. The fourth month, the fifth month, and the sixth month make summer. The seventh month, the eighth month, and the ninth month make autumn. The tenth month, the eleventh month, and the twelfth month make winter.


18. 人: 萬物之中惟人最靈稟受五氣以爲性故皆善

People: Among myriad things, human beings alone are the most sentient. They are endowed with the Five Qi, which make their nature. Therefore, they are [originally] good.


19. 父母: 父兮生我母兮育我父猶天也母猶地也欲報之德昊天罔極

Father and Mother: Father, he begot me. Mother, she raised me. Father is like heaven and mother is like the earth. [Though] Wishing to repay the beneficence, [it would be impossible, because the beneficence is like] the vast heaven without end.


20. 子: 人子之職惟孝爲大養之以禮斯爲孝矣彼林烏亦知反哺可以人而不如鳥乎

Son: Among the duties of a son of man, filiality alone is the greatest. Care for parents with propriety. This is the filiality. Behold the crows of the forest. [Even] They also know feeding back. Can a person not be equal to the birds?

Student 2 : Younès M'Ghari

16. 冬: 秋盡冬來北風起白雪下民乃取茅乘屋堇戶入奧

When aumtun is exhausted and winter comes, the wind of the north gets up {%%rises%%} and the white snow falls down; people then gather reeds , mend the roof {%%to mend the roof%%}, fix the doors and set up {%%enters%%} in the inner quarters1.


17. 四時: 一歲有四時正月二月三月爲春四月五月六月爲夏七月八月九月爲秋十月十一月十二月爲冬

A year has four seasons; the prime month, the second month and the third month are part of spring; the fourth month, the fifth month and the sixth month are part of summer; the seventh month, the eighth month and the ninth month are part of autumn; the tenth month, the eleventh month and the twelfth month are part of winter.


18. 人: 萬物之中惟人最靈稟受五氣以爲性故皆善

Among ten thousand things, only the most sensible people are endowed with the Five Qi2 which became [%%only human beings are sensible. [they] are endowed with the five qi that become%%} their nature; therefore they are all good.


19. 父母: 父兮生我母兮育我父猶天也母猶地也欲報之德昊天罔極

Father gave birth to me, mother gave education to {%%raised%%} me; father is comparable to Heaven, mother is comparable to Earth; I want to pay back their virtue, [but] the vast Heaven is endless {%% [grace, [but their grace is like] vast heaven {^and^} is endless.


20. 子: 人子之職惟孝爲大養之以禮斯爲孝矣彼林烏亦知反哺可以人而不如鳥乎

In the duty of someone’s son, only filial piety is eminent; cultivating oneself {%%them [parents]%%} with rites, this is filial piety. Look at these forest crows, they also know about feeding back3; could someone {%%one%%} not be as good as crows?


1: That is to say, the warmest corner in the house.

2: Or the "Five sorts of prevailing Qi" (Chinese: 五種流行之氣): the Wood (木), the Fire (火), the Earth (土), the Metal (金) and Water (水).

3: Taking care of one's parents like one has been taken care of by them since he was born.

Student 3 : Petra Sváková

16. 冬: 秋盡冬來北風起白雪下民乃取茅乘屋堇戶入奧

Winter: When autumn comes to an end and winter comes, the north wind rises and the white snow falls. People then gather grass to thatch [their] roofs, fix [their] doors and enter the southwest corner of the house1.


17. 四時: 一歲有四時正月二月三月爲春四月五月六月爲夏七月八月九月爲秋十月十一月十二月爲冬

Four Seasons: A year has four seasons. The first, the second and the third month2 make up spring; the fourth, the fifth, the sixth month make up summer; the seventh, the eighth, the ninth month make up autumn; and the tenth, the eleventh and the twelveth month make up winter.


18. 人: 萬物之中惟人最靈稟受五氣以爲性故皆善

People: Among the ten thousand things, only people are the most sensitive, they endow and receive the Five Ki3 which become the human nature, and thus all people are good.


19. 父母: 父兮生我母兮育我父猶天也母猶地也欲報之德昊天罔極

Parents: Father gave birth to me and mother raised me. Father is like the Heaven and mother is like the Earth. [I] wish [I could] repay their virtue [but this is like] the vast sky without end.


20. 子: 人子之職惟孝爲大養之以禮斯爲孝矣彼林烏亦知反哺可以人而不如鳥乎

Children: The duty of someone's children is being filial to utmost [extend] and nurturing them (parents) with rites, this is being filial. Look at those forest crows, they also know [how to] feed [their parents] back. Could that be [that] a person is not [even as good] as the crows?


1 This is the in the inner quarters, the warmest corner of the house where usually elders stay.

2 These are months of the lunar year.

3 This means the Five Elements - the Earth (地), the Water (水), the Fire (火), the Wood (木) and the Metal (金); or the Benevolence (仁), the Righteousness (義), the Propriety (禮), the Wisdom (智) and the Sincerity (信).

Student 4 : (Write your name)

16. 冬: 秋盡冬來北風起白雪下民乃取茅乘屋堇戶入奧

Winter – [When] autumn is exhausted winter comes, the north wind rises, and white snow falls. People then gather grasses to thatch [their] houses, and repair doors and go into the warmest corner of the house.1

1 The area inside a house with a heated floor that is closest to the source of heat.

17. 四時: 一歲有四時正月二月三月爲春四月五月六月爲夏七月八月九月爲秋十月十一月十二月爲冬

The Four Seasons – One year has four seasons. The first, second, and third month2 make up spring, the fourth, fifth, and sixth months make up summer, the seventh, eighth, and ninth months make up autumn, and the tenth, eleventh, and the twelfth months make up winter.

2 Referring to the months of the lunar calendar.

18. 人: 萬物之中惟人最靈稟受五氣以爲性故皆善

People3 – Among all the things [of the world], only people are the most sentient, and are endowed with the Five Elements4 {00 "Elements" for the character 氣 is a bit strange. How about "forces"?00} for to take to be their nature, [and this is] why all [people] are good.

3 人 [K: in; C: ren], in the sense of human beings in general, not any particular group of people. 4 Fire, earth, metal, water, and wood, comprising a metaphysical system also called the Five Phases.

19. 父母: 父兮生我母兮育我父猶天也母猶地也欲報之德昊天罔極

Father and Mother – Father gives life [to] me and mother raises me. Fathers can be compared to heaven and mothers can be compared to the earth. [Even if I] wished to repay [their] benevolence, [such an attempt {00 It is more likely the benevolence, than the attempt to repay, that is like a vast heaven.00} is like] the vast heavens without end.

20. 子: 人子之職惟孝爲大養之以禮斯爲孝矣彼林烏亦知反哺可以人而不如鳥乎

The duty of children [is] only to be filial to the greatest [extent]. {%% As for the duty of a child, filial piety is the sole greatest.%%} Nurturing parents with rites, this is being filial. Gazing up, the crows of the forest also know to feed [their parents] in return. Can [one] be a person and not [even] be like the birds?


Edited Sections:

18. People – Among all the things [of the world], only people are the most sentient, and are endowed with the Five Forces with which to take to be their nature, [and this is] why all [people] are good.

19. Father and Mother – Father gives life [to] me and mother raises me. Fathers can be compared to heaven and mothers can be compared to the earth. [Even if I] wished to repay [them, their] benevolence [is like] the vast heavens without end.

20. Children – As for the duty of the child, filial piety is the sole greatest. Nurturing parents with rites, this is being filial. Gazing up, the crows of the forest also know to feed [their parents] in return. Can [one] be a person and not [even] be like the birds?

Student 5 : (Jae Yong Chang)

16. 冬: 秋盡冬來北風起白雪下民乃取茅乘屋堇戶入奧

Winter: After autumn is exhausted, winter comes. North wind rises up and white snow falls down. So, People take grasses, mend roofs {%%reeds to mend roofs%%}, repair doors, and go in a most of inner corner of the house {%%innermost corner of the house%% 00This needs a note00}.

17. 四時: 一歲有四時正月二月三月爲春四月五月六月爲夏七月八月九月爲秋十月十一月十二月爲冬

Four Seasons: One year has four seasons. The first month, the second month, and third month become spring. The fourth month, the fifth month, and the sixth month become summer. The seventh month, the eighth month, and the ninth month become autumn. The tenth month, the eleventh month, and the twelfth month become winter.

18. 人: 萬物之中惟人最靈稟受五氣以爲性故皆善

People: Among ten thousand things, human beings alone are the most spiritual. They are endowed with the Five Elements {00 Forces?00}to be their nature. Therefore, everyone is good.

19. 父母: 父兮生我母兮育我父猶天也母猶地也欲報之德昊天罔極

Father and Mother: Father birthed me. Mother raised me. Father is like the Heaven. Mother is like the Earth. One wishes to pay back their virtue {%%benevolence or grace%%}, [but] it is the endless vast and dark sky.

20. 子: 人子之職惟孝爲大養之以禮斯爲孝矣彼林烏亦知反哺可以人而不如鳥乎

Son: [^Of^] The obligation of a person as a son, only filial piety is great. To nurture them with the rites, that is filial piety. Look at these forest crows. They also know how to feed back again. Can it be like a person but not like crows?

Student 6 : (Goeun Lee)

冬: 秋盡冬來 北風起 白雪下 民乃取茅乘屋 堇戶入奧

[As] autumn passes by and winter comes, wind from the north springs up and white snow comes down. People thereby bring straw to thatch their roof, mud [to strengthen] the doors and the innermost place of their house.

四時: 一歲有四時 正月二月三月爲春 四月五月六月爲夏 七月八月九月爲秋 十月十一月十二月爲冬

One year has four seasons: the first, second, third month come under spring; the fourth, fifth, sixth month come under summer; the seventh, eighth, ninth month come under autumn; the tenth, eleventh, twelfth month come under winter.

人: 萬物之中,惟人最靈,稟受五氣, 以爲性, 故皆善

Among all things, only human is the most intellectual, being endowed with five qis1) {00 Qi is not used in plural. Also, 稟受五氣 is better connected to the next sentence.00}. These five qis establish one’s nature and therefore, all are good.

1) This means possibly those five elements (fire, water, wood, metal, and earth) or five characters of gentlemen (benevolence, righteousness, propriety, intelligence and trust).

父母: 父兮生我, 母兮育我, 父猶天也, 母猶地也, 欲報之德, 昊天罔極

[My] father gave birth to me, [my] mother raised me; fathers are comparable to heaven, mothers to earth. Hoping to repay their benevolence, [I realize that] they are {%% it [their benevolence] is%%} as vast and boundless as the dark sky.

子: 人子之職,惟孝爲大,養之以禮,斯爲孝矣, 瞻彼林烏,亦知反哺,可以人而不如鳥乎

[As for] a son of man’s obligation, only filial piety is the greatest. [He must] nurture his parents with propriety; this is filial piety. Look at those crows in the forest. [They] also know to feed [their infants {%%their parents%%}] after chewing. Can a person {%%one be a person and%%} be worse than a crow?


Revised version

人: 萬物之中,惟人最靈, 稟受五氣, 以爲性, 故皆善

Among all things, only human is the most intellectual. [They are] endowed with five qi1) which establish one’s nature and therefore, all are good.

1) This means possibly those five elements (fire, water, wood, metal, and earth) or five characters of gentlemen (benevolence, righteousness, propriety, intelligence and trust).

父母: 父兮生我, 母兮育我, 父猶天也, 母猶地也, 欲報之德, 昊天罔極

[My] father gave birth to me, [my] mother raised me; fathers are comparable to heaven, mothers to earth. Hoping to repay their benevolence, [I realize that] their benevolence is as vast and boundless as the dark sky.

子: 人子之職,惟孝爲大,養之以禮,斯爲孝矣, 瞻彼林烏,亦知反哺,可以人而不如鳥乎 [As for] a son of man’s obligation, only filial piety is the greatest. [He must] nurture his parents with propriety; this is filial piety. Look at those crows in the forest. [They] also know to feed their parents after chewing. Could one as a person be worse than a crow?


Student 7 : (Alexandre Le Marchand)

16. 冬: 秋盡冬來 北風起 白雪下 民乃取茅 乘屋 堇戶入奧 When fall come to its end winter comes. A north wind raises and a white snow falls. Peopple immediately take reeds and get on the roof to fix the door and enter in the room.

17. 四時: 一歲有四時 正月二月三月爲春 四月五月六月爲夏 七月八月九月爲秋 十月十一月十二月爲冬 There is four seasons in a year. The first, second and third’s mouth compound the spring, fourth, fifth and sixth mouth compounds the summer, the seventh, eighth and ninth mouth compound the fall and the tenth eleventh and twelfth compound winter.

18. 人: 萬物之中 惟人最靈 稟受五氣 以爲性 故皆善 Among all the things only human is the most sensitive. Human’s temperament receive the five elements, through this process it becomes human nature. For this reason everyone is right.

19. 父母: 父兮生我 母兮育我 父猶天也 母猶地也 欲報之德 昊天罔極 My father gave me birth and mother raises me, he is similar to the heaven and she is similar to the earth. If I desire pay back their benevolence it would be as impossible as trying to reach the top of a vast sky without limits.

20. 子: 人子之職 惟孝爲大 養之以禮 斯爲孝矣. 첨彼林烏 亦知反哺 可以人而不如鳥乎 The duty of human as a child of people is only being great and feeding according the rituals. Look over crows in the forest when they are feeding back their progeny, can a person being human and don’t do as well as crows

Student 8 : Bryan Sauvadet

16.冬: 秋盡冬來, 北風起, 白雪下, 民乃取茅, 乘屋堇戶入奧

When fall ending winter comes, Northern wind gets up, the white snow falls down. People then gather reeds, mend the roof, fix the doors and go into the warmest corner of the house.


17.四時: 一歲有四時, 正月二月三月爲春, 四月五月六月爲夏, 七月八月九月爲秋, 十月十一月十二月爲冬

One year has four seasons. The first month, the second month, and third month form spring, the fourth, the fifth month, and the sixth month form summer, the seventh month, the eighth month, and the ninth month form fall, and the tenth month, the eleventh month, and the twelfth month form winter.


18. 人: 萬物之中, 惟人最靈, 稟受五氣, 以爲性, 故皆善

Among ten thousand things, only people have the most sensitive, together receive the five Qi, which became human nature, therefore all people are good.


19. 父母: 父兮生我, 母兮育我, 父猶天也, 母猶地也, 欲報之德, 昊天罔極

Father! You gave born to me! Mother! You raise me! Father is like the heaven and Mother is like the earth. You want to pay back their Virtue, [in the endless] vast dark sky


20. 子: 人子之職, 惟孝爲大, 養之以禮 , 斯爲孝矣, 瞻彼林烏, 亦知反哺, 可以人而不如鳥乎

The duty of a son, only filial piety is great. He takes care of his parents by means of propriety and he becomes filial. It is like observing those forest crows; they also know to feed in return the case that men are worse than birds.

Student 9 : HeeJin Lee

16. Fall ends [and] winter comes / the North wind rises / white snow descends / and so the people seize straws [to] thatch [their] roofs / [and] fix [their] doors [and] enters o*

  • The southwest corner ^{Which is the innermost corner^} of a house where the eldest/elder of the family resides {%%usually sits%%}

17. One year has four seasons / the first month[,] the second month[,] [and] the third month are spring / the fourth month[,] the fifth month[,] [and] the sixth month are summer / the seventh month[,] the eighth month[,] [and] the ninth month are fall / the tenth month[,] the eleventh month[,] [and] the twelfth month are winter

18. Among all things / only humans are {^the^} most sentient / [they are] endowed [with] the five qi / [which are] regarded {00 more likely "are" or "become" 00} as [their] nature / [and] for that reason all [people are] good

19. Father gave birth [to] me / mother raised me / father is like the sky / mother is like the earth / [I] want to replay their virtu[ous deeds] / [which are like] the vast sky without end

20. {^As for^} The duty of men[,] as sons / [is] only [to be] filial [and] be great {%%only filial piety is the greatest%%} / [he] takes care of them [(his parents)] by means of propriety / [and] this is/becomes filiality / [it is like] observing {%%Look at%%} those forest crows / [they] also know to feed [in] return / can it be {%%there be%%} the case that men are worse than birds

Student 10 : Jelena Gledić

16. Winter:

When fall is depleted, winter comes. The north wind rises and white snow descends. The people then gather reeds, mend the houses, plaster the doors with mud, and retreat to the inner quarters.

17. The four seasons:

A year has four seasons. The primary month, the second month and the third month make up spring, the fourth month, the fifth month and the sixth month make up summer, the seventh month, the eighth month and the ninth month make up fall, the tenth month, the eleventh month and the twelfth month make up winter.

18. People:

Among all things, only people are endowed with the highest cognizance. They grasp the five qi, thus realize {%%receive the five qi, which become%%} their nature, and therefore they are all virtuous.

19. Parents:

Father has birthed me. Mother has raised me. Father is like heaven. Mother is like earth. Wishing to return their virtuousness, the vast skies have no end {%%it is like the vast sly with no end%%}.

20. Children:

In the duty of being someone’s child, only filial piety is considered great. Nurture parents through rites, that is considered filial piety. Look at those forest crows, they too know how to return nourishment. Can it be that people are worse than birds?

Student 11 : (Write your name)


Student 12 : (Write your name)

16. Winter: Fall ends and winter comes. North wind arises and white snow falls. People then collect reeds and put them up on the roof. They plaster mud on (the outside of) their house and retreat into a corner deep in the house.

17. The Four Seasons: There are four seasons in a year. The first, second, and third months become the spring. The fourth, fifth, and sixth months become the summer. The seventh, eighth, and ninth months become the autumn. And the tenth, eleventh, and twelfth months become the winter.

18. People: Among ten thousand things, people are only the most spiritual being. They exchange the five qi. That is regarded as human nature. Therefore, people are all good.

19. Parents: It was the farther, who gave birth to me; it was the mother, who raised me. Father is compared to the heaven; mother is compared to the earth. Children want to pay back what they have been given, but the heaven is endless.

20. Children: It is the duty of people’s sons. Only filial piety is (regarded as) great. When children nurture their parents with rites, this becomes filial piety. Look at those crows in the forest. They also know (about) bringing back food (for their elderly parents). Can people do unlike the crows?

Student 13 : Ra Yeonjae

16. 冬: 秋盡冬來, 北風起, 白雪下, 民乃取茅乘屋, 堇戶入奧

The Winter: The autumn is exhausted and when the winter comes the wind from the north rises and white snow falls. Therefore, the people gather reed and thatch the house. They mend the door with mud and retreat in the inner place of the house.


17. 四時: 一歲有四時, 正月、二月、三月爲春, 四月、五月、六月爲夏, 七月、八月、九月爲秋,十月、十一月、十二月爲冬.

Four seasons: One year has four seasons. The first, second, third months become the spring. The fourth, fifth, sixth months become the summer. The seventh, eighth, ninth months become the autumn. The tenth, eleventh, twelfth months become the winter.


18. 人: 萬物之中, 惟人最靈, 稟受五氣以爲性, 故皆善.

The People, among of all things, only people are the most sensible. They are endowed five emotions and becomes the Nature. For that reason, they are all good.


19. 父母: 父兮生我, 母兮育我, 父猶天也, 母猶地也, 欲報之德, 昊天罔極

The Parents: Father! who gives birth to me. Mother! who raises me. Father is like the heaven, mother is like the earth. If (someone) wants to repay their grace, (which is) endless sky without edge.


20. 子: 人子之職, 惟孝爲大, 養之以禮, 斯爲孝矣, (瞻)彼林烏亦知反哺, 可以人而不如鳥乎

The Son: The duties of people as son, only filial piety is the greatest. The son takes care of them with rites, this is filial piety. Behold that forest and the crow knows feed (their child), can it be a person worse than the crow?

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