"문장 1 - 5"의 두 판 사이의 차이

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잔글 (→‎Student 2 : Younès M'Ghari)
 
(사용자 13명의 중간 판 63개는 보이지 않습니다)
18번째 줄: 18번째 줄:
  
  
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===Student 1 : (Write your name)===
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===Student 1 : Sanghoon Na===
 
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1. 天: 天者蒼蒼在上輕淸而至高日月星辰繫焉
  
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1. Heaven: Heaven is blue and vast above.<ref>[http://ctext.org/zhuzi-yulei/1]蒼蒼在上:《朱子語類•理氣上•太極天地上》</ref> It is light, clear, and supremely high.
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The sun, moon, stars, and constellations of the zodiac, are suspended in it.<ref> [http://ctext.org/liji/zhong-yong] 日月星辰系焉 : 《禮記•中庸》 </ref>
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2. 地: 地者在下而博厚山川萬物皆載焉
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2. Earth: The earth is located below and is large and substantial<ref>[http://ctext.org/liji/zhong-yong]《禮記·中庸》: 不息則久，久則徵，徵則悠遠，悠遠則博厚，博厚則高明。
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Not ceasing, it continues long. Continuing long, it evidences itself. Evidencing itself, it reaches far. Reaching far, it becomes large and substantial. Large and substantial, it becomes high and brilliant</ref>. The mountains and creeks are all loaded on it. 
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3. 日: 日者太陽之精朝出于扶桑暮入于若木冬則短夏則長
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3. Sun: The sun is the essence of the Great Yang. In the morning it comes out of the  Pusang(Ch. Fusang) and in the evening it goes to the Yangmok(Ch. Ruomu). In winter it lasts short and in summer it lasts long.
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4. 月: 月者太陰之精遇夜而明望前漸圓望後漸缺
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4. Moon: The moon is the essence of the Great Yin. When encountering the night it becomes bright. Before the 15th day of the month it is gradually waxing and after the same day it is gradually waning.
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5. 星辰: 星辰者萬物之精上爲星辰晝隱夜現
 
   
 
   
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===Student 2 : (Write your name)===
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5. Stars: Stars are the essence of all things. They are above and make constellations.  During the day they disappear and at night they appear.
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===Student 2 : Younès M'Ghari===
 
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1. 天: 天者蒼蒼在上輕淸而至高日月星辰繫焉
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What we call the sky is what is blue and up, light and clear but also extremely high; it ties the sun, the moon and the celestial bodies.
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'''Edit''': The sky<sup>1</sup> is all azure, in the above, light and clear but also extremely high; the sun, the moon and the stars are tied there.
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2. 地: 地者在下而博厚山川萬物皆載焉
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The earth is '''down {%%below%%}'''but also wide and thick; it carries the mountains, the rivers and ten thousand things '''{^on it^}'''.
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3. 日: 日者太陽之精朝出于扶桑暮入于若木冬則短夏則長
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The sun is the energy of the great Yang; it 'gets out' '''{^in^}''' the morning from the Pusang and 'gets in' the evening '''at {%%into%%}''' the Yakmok<sup>1</sup>; when comes the winter it stays shortly, when comes the summer it stays '''longly {%%long%%}'''.
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4. 月: 月者太陰之精遇夜而明望前漸圓望後漸缺
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The moon is the energy of the great Yin; it encounters the night and shines; before the 15<sup>th</sup> day [of the month] it becomes gradually full, after the 15<sup>th</sup> it '''becomes gradually empty {%%%gradually wanes%%%}'''.
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5. 星辰: 星辰者萬物之精上爲星辰晝隱夜現
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The celestial bodies are the energy of ten thousand things which go up and become ones; in the daytime they hide and at night they appear.
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<sup>1</sup>: In this book, this redundant pattern ending in -者 could have been translated "That which is the...".
  
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===Student 3 : (Write your name)===
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<sup>2</sup>: Pusang (Chinese: '''Fusang, pinyin''') and Yakmok (Chinese: '''Ruomu, pinyin''') are legendary trees respectively symbolizing the East and the West.
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===Student 3 : Petra Sváková===
 
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1. 天: 天者蒼蒼在上輕淸而至高日月星辰繫焉
  
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Heaven: The heaven is vividly azure in the above, it is light, clear and extremely high, and the sun, the moon, and the stars are tied up there.
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2. 地: 地者在下而博厚山川萬物皆載焉
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Earth: The earth is below [the heaven] and [it is] wide and abundant, and mountains, rivers and ten thousand things<sup>1</sup> are loaded on it.
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3. 日: 日者太陽之精朝出于扶桑暮入于若木冬則短夏則長
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Sun: The sun is the great Yang's essence which in the morning comes out from the East [where the Pusang (Ch. Fusang<sup>2</sup>) tree is] and in the evening goes to the West [where the Yangmok(Ch. Ruomu<sup>3</sup>) is], and when it is winter, then it is short and when it is summer, then it is long.
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4. 月: 月者太陰之精遇夜而明望前漸圓望後漸缺
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Moon: The moon is the great Yin's essence which when encountering the night becomes bright and before the 15th day [of the month] it becomes gradually rounded and after the 15th day [of the month] it gradually wanes.
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5. 星辰: 星辰者萬物之精上爲星辰晝隱夜現
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Stars: As for stars, the essences of ten thousand things which go up [to the skies] and become the stars, in the daytime [they] hide and at night [they] come out.
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<sup>1/</sup> understand as 'all things', 'everything
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<sup>2/</sup> a mythical tree supposed to grow in the East, described as a tree similar to the mulberry
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<sup>3/</sup> a mythical tree supposed to grow in the West, Pollia japonica
  
 
===Student 4 : (Write your name)===
 
===Student 4 : (Write your name)===
 
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1. 天: 天者蒼蒼在上輕淸而至高日月星辰繫焉
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Heaven – As for Heaven, it is '''a vast blue {%%vast and blue / blue vast}''' above, light and clear, reaching supreme heights, [and] the sun, moon, and the stars hang from there.
  
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2. 地: 地者在下而博厚山川萬物皆載焉
  
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===Student 5 : (Write your name)===
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Earth – As for the Earth, it is below, broad and dense, and [it] bears all the mountains, streams, and every thing [in existence] upon it.
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3. 日: 日者太陽之精朝出于扶桑暮入于若木冬則短夏則長
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Sun – As for the Sun, it is the essence<sup>1</sup> of the Great Yang. In the morning it comes out of the Pusang [C: Fusang] tree and in the evening enters into the '''Yakmu {%%Yangmu%%}'''[C: Ruomu] tree.<sup>2</sup> [If] winter, then [it is] short, [If] summer, then [it is] long.
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<sup>1</sup> Essence here is used to translate '''氣 ki (C: qi) {00Did you mean to say 精 not 氣 by any chance?00}'''. See Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, [https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/chinese-phil-medicine/#YinYanQiWux "1.1. Yin, Yang, Qi and Wuxing,"] for a discussion of the philosophical contexts and wide-ranging uses of this and other common terms.
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<sup>2</sup>The mythical Pusang tree was thought to be in the east. The Yakmu tree was thought to be in the west.
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4. 月: 月者太陰之精遇夜而明望前漸圓望後漸缺
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Moon – As for the Moon, it is the essence of the Great Yin. Meeting the night, it brightens; before the fifteenth day it becomes steadily round. after the fifteenth day it becomes steadily lean.
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5. 星辰: 星辰者萬物之精上爲星辰晝隱夜現
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Stars – As for the Stars, [they] are the essence of all things. Going up, it becomes stars. [When it is] day [they] hide [and when it is] night [they] appear.
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Edited Sections:
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1. 天: 天者蒼蒼在上輕淸而至高日月星辰繫焉
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Heaven – As for Heaven, it is a blue vast above, light and clear, reaching supreme heights, [and] the sun, moon, and the stars hang from there.
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3. 日: 日者太陽之精朝出于扶桑暮入于若木冬則短夏則長
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Sun – As for the Sun, it is the essence<sup>1</sup> of the Great Yang. In the morning it comes out of the Pusang [C: Fusang] tree and in the evening enters into the Yangmu [C: Ruomu] tree.<sup>2</sup> [If] winter, then [it is] short, [If] summer, then [it is] long.
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<sup>1</sup> Essence here is used to translate 精, which has been also translated in various ways such as energy or spirit.
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===Student 5 : (Jae Yong Chang)===
 
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1. 天: 天者, 蒼蒼在上, 輕淸而至高, 日月星辰繫焉
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Heaven: The heaven is really blue and in the above.  It is light, clear, and extremely high.  The sun, the moon, and the stars are bound to it together.
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2. 地: 地者, 在下, 而博厚, 山川萬物皆載焉
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Earth: The earth is below.  And it is ample and deep.  Mountains, rivers, and ten thousand things are carried on it.
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3. 日: 日者, 太陽之精, 朝出于扶桑, 暮入于若木, 冬則短, 夏則長
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Sun: The sun is the essence of the great Yang. It comes out from Pusang tree in the morning and goes into Yangmok tree in the evening. It is short in winter and it is long in summer.
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4. 月: 月者, 太陰之精, 遇夜而明望, 前漸圓望, 後漸缺
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Moon: The moon is the essence of great Yin.  It encounters in the night, then becomes bright. Before the 15th day, it becomes gradually full and after the 15th day, it gradually wanes.
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5. 星辰: 星辰, 萬物之精, 上爲星辰, 晝隱夜現
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Stars: The stars are the essences of ten thousand things. It goes to [the Heaven] and becomes the stars.  They disappear in the daytime and appear at night.
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===Student 6 : (Goeun Lee)===
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天: 天者,蒼蒼在上,輕淸而至高,日月星辰,繫焉
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The sky, which '''has no beginning and no end {00Yes, 蒼蒼 does have that meaning but it is primarily the color of deep blue, which gives the effect of seeming endless.00}''', exists in the above. Being light and clear, it is '''so high that the sun, moon and stars are tied there {00"so...that..." assumes a resultative relation (i.e., sun, moon, and stars are tied there BECAUSE it is high), which is not clearly seen from the original sentence00}'''.
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地: 地者在下而博厚山川萬物皆載焉
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The earth, which exists in the below, is wide and '''deep {%%thick/dense%%}'''. Mountains, rivers, and all things are together loaded on it.
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日: 日者太陽之精朝出于扶桑暮入于若木冬則短夏則長
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The sun, which is the essence of Great ''' ''Yang'' {00 yin and yang are now like regular words in English and don't need to be capitalized or italicized.00}''', rises from ''' ''Busang'' {00No need to italicize Pusang and Yangmok because they are more like proper names.00}''' tree <ref> a mythical tree which is said to be located in the East Sea. ''山海經, 海外東經''.</ref> in morning and sets down towards ''Yangmok'' tree in evening. In winter, [its duration] is short; in summer, [its duration] is long.
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月: 月者太陰之精遇夜而明望前漸圓望後漸缺
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The moon, which is the essence of Great ''Yin'', '''is seen at night with its brightness {%%when it is night, it is bright / it shines%%}'''. Before fifteenth days, it becomes round little by little; after fifteenth days, it wanes gradually. 
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星辰: 星辰者萬物之精上爲星辰晝隱夜現
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Stars, which are the essence of all things, form the celestial body in the above. During daytime, they hide; at night, they become visible.
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'''Revised version'''
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The sky, which is deeply blue, exists in the above. Being light and clear, [it is] extremely high. The sun, moon and stars are tied there.
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The earth, which exists in the below, is wide and dense. Mountains, rivers, and all things are together loaded on it.
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The sun, which is the essence of Great yang, rises from busang tree <ref> a mythical tree which is said to be located in the East Sea. ''山海經, 海外東經''.</ref> in morning and sets down towards yangmok tree in evening. In winter, [its duration] is short; in summer, [its duration] is long.
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The moon, which is the essence of Great yin, shines at night. Before fifteenth days, it becomes round little by little; after fifteenth days, it wanes gradually.
  
  
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===Student 6 : (Write your name)===
 
 
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===Student 7 : (Alexandre Le Marchand)===
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1) 天: 天者는 蒼蒼在上하여 輕淸而至高하니 日月星辰이 繫焉이로다
  
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===Student 7 : (Write your name)===
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The heaven, is the azure that take place up, it is a brightness blue that reach highness; sun, moon and stars hanging there.
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2) 地: 地者는 在下而博厚하니 山川萬物이 皆載焉이로다
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The earth takes place down, it is large and thick;  mountains, rivers and the ten thousand living things all load on it.
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3) 日: 日者는 太陽之精이라 朝出于扶桑하여 暮入于若木하니 冬則短하고 夏則長이로다
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The sun is the essence of the great Yang. At the morning it shows up at east where the Busang tree is, and at the evening it enters at west where the Makmok tree is. When it’s winter then it’s short, when it’s summer then it’s long.
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4) 月: 月者는 太陰之精이라 遇夜而明하니 望前漸圓하고 望後漸缺이로다
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The moon is the essence of the great Yin. They meet the evening and bright. During the fifteen first days of the mouth they gradually become circular and then during the last fifteen days it decline.
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5) 星辰: 星辰者는 萬物之精이니 上爲星辰하여 晝隱夜現이로다
  
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The stars are the essence of the ten thousand things. It raise up and become stars which are hide during the day and visible at night.
  
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===Student 8 : (Bryan Sauvadet)===
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===Student 8 : Bryan Sauvadet===
 
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1. 天: 天者, 蒼蒼在上, 輕淸而至高, 日月星辰, 繫焉.  
 
1. 天: 天者, 蒼蒼在上, 輕淸而至高, 日月星辰, 繫焉.  
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The heaven is the azure on the highest; it is lightness, clear, and extremely high. The sun, the moon, the stars and the constellations are unified there.   
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The heaven is the azure in the above ; it is the light, clear, and extremely high. The sun, the moon, the stars and the constellations are bound there.   
  
  
56번째 줄: 234번째 줄:
  
 
2. 地: 地者,在下而博厚<ref>博厚 : 《禮記•中庸》</ref> ,山川萬物, 皆載焉.
 
2. 地: 地者,在下而博厚<ref>博厚 : 《禮記•中庸》</ref> ,山川萬物, 皆載焉.
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The earth is under, also large and substantial. Mountains, streams, ten thousand things carry there.
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The earth is under, also large and bountiful. Mountains, streams, ten thousand things are carried there.
 
   
 
   
  
  
 
3. 日: 日者,太陽之精,朝出于扶桑<ref>扶桑 : 《論衡•說日》/ 《漢書•揚雄傳上》/ 《山海經•海外東經》/ 《西遊記》 / 《三國演義》</ref> ,暮入于若木<ref>若木 : 《論衡•儒增》 / 《史記•秦本紀》/ 《戰國策•范睢至秦》/ 《山海經•大荒北經》</ref> ,冬則短夏則長
 
3. 日: 日者,太陽之精,朝出于扶桑<ref>扶桑 : 《論衡•說日》/ 《漢書•揚雄傳上》/ 《山海經•海外東經》/ 《西遊記》 / 《三國演義》</ref> ,暮入于若木<ref>若木 : 《論衡•儒增》 / 《史記•秦本紀》/ 《戰國策•范睢至秦》/ 《山海經•大荒北經》</ref> ,冬則短夏則長
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The sun is the essence of the great Yang, in the morning it appear from the Fusang tree, in the evening it come on the Ruomu tree, in winter it is short, in summer it is long.  
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The sun is the essence of the great Yang, in the morning it appear from the Fusang tree, in the evening it '''come on {%%goes into%%}''' the Ruomu tree, in winter it is short, in summer it is long.  
  
  
 
 
 
4. 月: 月者,太陰之精,遇夜而明,望 前漸圓,望後漸缺.
 
4. 月: 月者,太陰之精,遇夜而明,望 前漸圓,望後漸缺.
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The moon is the essence of the great Yin, when the night comes it is brilliant. Before the first fifteen days of month, it becomes circular, and after it’s becomes deficit.
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The moon is the essence of the great Yin, when the night comes it is brilliant. Before the '''first fifteen days of month {%%fifteenth day of the month%%}''', it becomes gradually circular, and after it is gradually on the wane.
  
  
73번째 줄: 251번째 줄:
 
5. 星辰: 星辰者,萬物之精,上爲星辰,晝隱夜現.
 
5. 星辰: 星辰者,萬物之精,上爲星辰,晝隱夜現.
  
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The stars and constellations are the essences of ten-thousand things, when the essences go to heaven, they become stars and constellations. On day-time they’re concealed, on night-time they’re appear.
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The stars and constellations are the essences of ten-thousand things, when the essences go to '''{^the^}''' heaven, they become stars and constellations. On day-time they’re concealed, on night-time they appear.
  
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===Student 9 : (Write your name)===
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===Student 9 : HeeJin Lee===
 
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1. As for the sky / [it] is indeed blue up [there] / [it is] light [and] clear and extremely high / the sun [,] the moon [,] [and] the stars [are] fixed there.
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2. As for the earth / [it] is below and wide [and] thick / mountains [,] streams [,] [and] all things [are] carried on it
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3. As for the sun / [it is] the essence of the Great Yang / [in] the morning [it] leaves [/arises] from pusang* / [at] dusk [it] enters into '''yakmok {%%yangmok%%%}'''** / [if it is] winter then [it is] short / [if it is] summer then [it is] short
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* '''Place marker for sunrise {00 Pusang is not just a place marker but there is more to it. Give more details.00}''' 
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** Place marker for sunset
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4. As for the moon / [it is] the essence of the Great Yin / [it] encounters night and brightens [it] / before the fifteenth day of the month [it] gradually [becomes] round / after the fifteenth day of the month [it] gradually wanes
  
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5. As for the stars / [they are] the essence of all things / [it] rises [and] becomes stars / [in] daytime [they] hide [in] night[time] [they] appear
  
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===Student 10 : (Write your name)===
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===Student 10 : Jelena Gledić===
 
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1. Heaven:<br />
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Heaven is deep blue above, light, clear and standing tall. The sun, moon, stars and celestial bodies are perched upon it.<br />
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2. Earth:<br />
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Earth is below, wide and deep. The mountains, streams and all things are held upon it.  <br />
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3. Sun:<br />
  
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Sun is the essence of supreme Yang. In the morning, it comes from Fusang<ref>扶桑, a mythical tree or territory to the east from which the sun rises.</ref>. In the evening, it enters Ruomu<ref>若木, a mythical tree where the sun sets.</ref>. In winter, it reigns shortly. In the summer, it reigns long.<br />
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4. Moon:<br />
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Moon is the essence of supreme Yin. Encountering the night, it brightens. Before the middle of the lunar month it gradually becomes full. After the middle of the lunar month it gradually becomes empty.  <br />
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5. Stars and celestial bodies:<br />
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Stars and celestial bodies are the essence of all things. It rises and becomes stars and celestial bodies. Daytime, they hide. Nighttime, they appear.
  
 
===Student 11 : (Write your name)===
 
===Student 11 : (Write your name)===
89번째 줄: 295번째 줄:
 
===Student 12 : (Write your name)===
 
===Student 12 : (Write your name)===
 
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01. Sky: Sky is very blue on top (of your head). It is light, clear, and very high. The sun, the moon, and the stars are hung in it.
  
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02. Earth: Earth is under (your feet) and extensive and thick. Mountains, rivers, and ten thousand things are all put in it.
  
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===Student 13 : (Write your name)===
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03. Sun: The sun is the essence of the great ''yang''. It comes out from the east in the morning and sets down to the west. If it is winter, then days are shorter; if it is summer, then days are longer.
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04. Moon: The moon is the essence of the great ''yin''. When it meets night, it brightens. For the first half of the (lunar) month, it gradually waxes; for the second half of the (lunar) month, it gradually wanes.
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05. Stars: The essence of a ten thousand things ascends and becomes stars. They hide during the day and appear at night.
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===Student 13 : Ra Yeonjae===
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1. 天: 天者蒼蒼在上, 輕淸而至高, 日月星辰繫焉.
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The Heaven is blue and placed above. It is light, blue and extremely high. The sun, moon and the stars are hanging in there.
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 +
2. 地: 地者在下, 而博厚山川, 萬物皆載焉.
 +
 
 +
The Earth is below and nourishes mountains and streams generally. The ten thousands of things(all sorts of things) is all carried by it.
 +
 
 +
3. 日: 日者, 太陽之精, 朝出于扶桑, 暮入于若木, 冬則短, 夏則長
 +
 
 +
The Sun is the essential of great Yang. At morning it is came from Fusuang <ref> Fushang(扶桑): The tree from Shanhaijing(山海經). <海外東經>: 下有湯谷。湯谷上有扶桑，十日所浴，在黑齒北。居水中，有大木，九日居下枝，一日居上枝。 </ref>, and at night, it goes back to Ruomu. <ref> Ruomu(若木): The tree from Shanhaijing(山海經). <海內經>: 南海之內，黑水、青水之間，有木名曰若木，若水出焉。</ref> If (it is) winter, (the sun is) short, and if (it is) summer, (the sun is) long.
 +
 
 +
4. 月: 月者, 太陰之精, 遇夜而明, 望前漸圓, 望後漸缺.
 +
 
 +
The Moon is the essential of Great Yin. Encountering the night and it becomes light. Before the fifteenth day, it gradually becomes full moon. After the fifteenth day, it is lacking smaller. 
 +
 
 +
5. 星辰: 星辰者, 萬物之精, 上爲星辰, 晝隱夜現
  
 +
The Stars are the essential of all kinds of things. Going up and becoming the stars, in daytime it hides and at night it appears.
  
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===Student 14 : (Write your name)===
 
 
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2018년 7월 2일 (월) 04:38 기준 최신판

Original Script

1. 天: 天者蒼蒼在上輕淸而至高日月星辰繫焉

2. 地: 地者在下而博厚山川萬物皆載焉

3. 日: 日者太陽之精朝出于扶桑暮入于若木冬則短夏則長

4. 月: 月者太陰之精遇夜而明望前漸圓望後漸缺

5. 星辰: 星辰者萬物之精上爲星辰晝隱夜現


Translation

Student 1 : Sanghoon Na

1. 天: 天者蒼蒼在上輕淸而至高日月星辰繫焉

1. Heaven: Heaven is blue and vast above.[1] It is light, clear, and supremely high. The sun, moon, stars, and constellations of the zodiac, are suspended in it.[2]


2. 地: 地者在下而博厚山川萬物皆載焉

2. Earth: The earth is located below and is large and substantial[3]. The mountains and creeks are all loaded on it.


3. 日: 日者太陽之精朝出于扶桑暮入于若木冬則短夏則長

3. Sun: The sun is the essence of the Great Yang. In the morning it comes out of the Pusang(Ch. Fusang) and in the evening it goes to the Yangmok(Ch. Ruomu). In winter it lasts short and in summer it lasts long.


4. 月: 月者太陰之精遇夜而明望前漸圓望後漸缺

4. Moon: The moon is the essence of the Great Yin. When encountering the night it becomes bright. Before the 15th day of the month it is gradually waxing and after the same day it is gradually waning.


5. 星辰: 星辰者萬物之精上爲星辰晝隱夜現

5. Stars: Stars are the essence of all things. They are above and make constellations. During the day they disappear and at night they appear.

Student 2 : Younès M'Ghari

1. 天: 天者蒼蒼在上輕淸而至高日月星辰繫焉

What we call the sky is what is blue and up, light and clear but also extremely high; it ties the sun, the moon and the celestial bodies.

Edit: The sky1 is all azure, in the above, light and clear but also extremely high; the sun, the moon and the stars are tied there.


2. 地: 地者在下而博厚山川萬物皆載焉

The earth is down {%%below%%}but also wide and thick; it carries the mountains, the rivers and ten thousand things {^on it^}.


3. 日: 日者太陽之精朝出于扶桑暮入于若木冬則短夏則長

The sun is the energy of the great Yang; it 'gets out' {^in^} the morning from the Pusang and 'gets in' the evening at {%%into%%} the Yakmok1; when comes the winter it stays shortly, when comes the summer it stays longly {%%long%%}.


4. 月: 月者太陰之精遇夜而明望前漸圓望後漸缺

The moon is the energy of the great Yin; it encounters the night and shines; before the 15th day [of the month] it becomes gradually full, after the 15th it becomes gradually empty {%%%gradually wanes%%%}.

5. 星辰: 星辰者萬物之精上爲星辰晝隱夜現

The celestial bodies are the energy of ten thousand things which go up and become ones; in the daytime they hide and at night they appear.


1: In this book, this redundant pattern ending in -者 could have been translated "That which is the...".

2: Pusang (Chinese: Fusang, pinyin) and Yakmok (Chinese: Ruomu, pinyin) are legendary trees respectively symbolizing the East and the West.

Student 3 : Petra Sváková

1. 天: 天者蒼蒼在上輕淸而至高日月星辰繫焉

Heaven: The heaven is vividly azure in the above, it is light, clear and extremely high, and the sun, the moon, and the stars are tied up there.

2. 地: 地者在下而博厚山川萬物皆載焉

Earth: The earth is below [the heaven] and [it is] wide and abundant, and mountains, rivers and ten thousand things1 are loaded on it.

3. 日: 日者太陽之精朝出于扶桑暮入于若木冬則短夏則長

Sun: The sun is the great Yang's essence which in the morning comes out from the East [where the Pusang (Ch. Fusang2) tree is] and in the evening goes to the West [where the Yangmok(Ch. Ruomu3) is], and when it is winter, then it is short and when it is summer, then it is long.

4. 月: 月者太陰之精遇夜而明望前漸圓望後漸缺

Moon: The moon is the great Yin's essence which when encountering the night becomes bright and before the 15th day [of the month] it becomes gradually rounded and after the 15th day [of the month] it gradually wanes.

5. 星辰: 星辰者萬物之精上爲星辰晝隱夜現

Stars: As for stars, the essences of ten thousand things which go up [to the skies] and become the stars, in the daytime [they] hide and at night [they] come out.


1/ understand as 'all things', 'everything

2/ a mythical tree supposed to grow in the East, described as a tree similar to the mulberry

3/ a mythical tree supposed to grow in the West, Pollia japonica

Student 4 : (Write your name)

1. 天: 天者蒼蒼在上輕淸而至高日月星辰繫焉

Heaven – As for Heaven, it is a vast blue {%%vast and blue / blue vast} above, light and clear, reaching supreme heights, [and] the sun, moon, and the stars hang from there.

2. 地: 地者在下而博厚山川萬物皆載焉

Earth – As for the Earth, it is below, broad and dense, and [it] bears all the mountains, streams, and every thing [in existence] upon it.

3. 日: 日者太陽之精朝出于扶桑暮入于若木冬則短夏則長

Sun – As for the Sun, it is the essence1 of the Great Yang. In the morning it comes out of the Pusang [C: Fusang] tree and in the evening enters into the Yakmu {%%Yangmu%%}[C: Ruomu] tree.2 [If] winter, then [it is] short, [If] summer, then [it is] long.

1 Essence here is used to translate 氣 ki (C: qi) {00Did you mean to say 精 not 氣 by any chance?00}. See Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, "1.1. Yin, Yang, Qi and Wuxing," for a discussion of the philosophical contexts and wide-ranging uses of this and other common terms.

2The mythical Pusang tree was thought to be in the east. The Yakmu tree was thought to be in the west.

4. 月: 月者太陰之精遇夜而明望前漸圓望後漸缺

Moon – As for the Moon, it is the essence of the Great Yin. Meeting the night, it brightens; before the fifteenth day it becomes steadily round. after the fifteenth day it becomes steadily lean.

5. 星辰: 星辰者萬物之精上爲星辰晝隱夜現

Stars – As for the Stars, [they] are the essence of all things. Going up, it becomes stars. [When it is] day [they] hide [and when it is] night [they] appear.


Edited Sections:

1. 天: 天者蒼蒼在上輕淸而至高日月星辰繫焉 Heaven – As for Heaven, it is a blue vast above, light and clear, reaching supreme heights, [and] the sun, moon, and the stars hang from there.

3. 日: 日者太陽之精朝出于扶桑暮入于若木冬則短夏則長 Sun – As for the Sun, it is the essence1 of the Great Yang. In the morning it comes out of the Pusang [C: Fusang] tree and in the evening enters into the Yangmu [C: Ruomu] tree.2 [If] winter, then [it is] short, [If] summer, then [it is] long.

1 Essence here is used to translate 精, which has been also translated in various ways such as energy or spirit.

Student 5 : (Jae Yong Chang)

1. 天: 天者, 蒼蒼在上, 輕淸而至高, 日月星辰繫焉

Heaven: The heaven is really blue and in the above. It is light, clear, and extremely high. The sun, the moon, and the stars are bound to it together.

2. 地: 地者, 在下, 而博厚, 山川萬物皆載焉

Earth: The earth is below. And it is ample and deep. Mountains, rivers, and ten thousand things are carried on it.

3. 日: 日者, 太陽之精, 朝出于扶桑, 暮入于若木, 冬則短, 夏則長

Sun: The sun is the essence of the great Yang. It comes out from Pusang tree in the morning and goes into Yangmok tree in the evening. It is short in winter and it is long in summer.

4. 月: 月者, 太陰之精, 遇夜而明望, 前漸圓望, 後漸缺

Moon: The moon is the essence of great Yin. It encounters in the night, then becomes bright. Before the 15th day, it becomes gradually full and after the 15th day, it gradually wanes.

5. 星辰: 星辰, 萬物之精, 上爲星辰, 晝隱夜現

Stars: The stars are the essences of ten thousand things. It goes to [the Heaven] and becomes the stars. They disappear in the daytime and appear at night.

Student 6 : (Goeun Lee)

天: 天者,蒼蒼在上,輕淸而至高,日月星辰,繫焉

The sky, which has no beginning and no end {00Yes, 蒼蒼 does have that meaning but it is primarily the color of deep blue, which gives the effect of seeming endless.00}, exists in the above. Being light and clear, it is so high that the sun, moon and stars are tied there {00"so...that..." assumes a resultative relation (i.e., sun, moon, and stars are tied there BECAUSE it is high), which is not clearly seen from the original sentence00}.

地: 地者在下而博厚山川萬物皆載焉

The earth, which exists in the below, is wide and deep {%%thick/dense%%}. Mountains, rivers, and all things are together loaded on it.

日: 日者太陽之精朝出于扶桑暮入于若木冬則短夏則長

The sun, which is the essence of Great Yang {00 yin and yang are now like regular words in English and don't need to be capitalized or italicized.00}, rises from Busang {00No need to italicize Pusang and Yangmok because they are more like proper names.00} tree [4] in morning and sets down towards Yangmok tree in evening. In winter, [its duration] is short; in summer, [its duration] is long.

月: 月者太陰之精遇夜而明望前漸圓望後漸缺

The moon, which is the essence of Great Yin, is seen at night with its brightness {%%when it is night, it is bright / it shines%%}. Before fifteenth days, it becomes round little by little; after fifteenth days, it wanes gradually.

星辰: 星辰者萬物之精上爲星辰晝隱夜現

Stars, which are the essence of all things, form the celestial body in the above. During daytime, they hide; at night, they become visible.


Revised version

The sky, which is deeply blue, exists in the above. Being light and clear, [it is] extremely high. The sun, moon and stars are tied there.

The earth, which exists in the below, is wide and dense. Mountains, rivers, and all things are together loaded on it.

The sun, which is the essence of Great yang, rises from busang tree [5] in morning and sets down towards yangmok tree in evening. In winter, [its duration] is short; in summer, [its duration] is long.

The moon, which is the essence of Great yin, shines at night. Before fifteenth days, it becomes round little by little; after fifteenth days, it wanes gradually.


Student 7 : (Alexandre Le Marchand)

1) 天: 天者는 蒼蒼在上하여 輕淸而至高하니 日月星辰이 繫焉이로다

The heaven, is the azure that take place up, it is a brightness blue that reach highness; sun, moon and stars hanging there.

2) 地: 地者는 在下而博厚하니 山川萬物이 皆載焉이로다 The earth takes place down, it is large and thick; mountains, rivers and the ten thousand living things all load on it.

3) 日: 日者는 太陽之精이라 朝出于扶桑하여 暮入于若木하니 冬則短하고 夏則長이로다 The sun is the essence of the great Yang. At the morning it shows up at east where the Busang tree is, and at the evening it enters at west where the Makmok tree is. When it’s winter then it’s short, when it’s summer then it’s long.

4) 月: 月者는 太陰之精이라 遇夜而明하니 望前漸圓하고 望後漸缺이로다

The moon is the essence of the great Yin. They meet the evening and bright. During the fifteen first days of the mouth they gradually become circular and then during the last fifteen days it decline.

5) 星辰: 星辰者는 萬物之精이니 上爲星辰하여 晝隱夜現이로다

The stars are the essence of the ten thousand things. It raise up and become stars which are hide during the day and visible at night.

Student 8 : Bryan Sauvadet

1. 天: 天者, 蒼蒼在上, 輕淸而至高, 日月星辰, 繫焉. The heaven is the azure in the above ; it is the light, clear, and extremely high. The sun, the moon, the stars and the constellations are bound there.



2. 地: 地者,在下而博厚[6] ,山川萬物, 皆載焉. The earth is under, also large and bountiful. Mountains, streams, ten thousand things are carried there.


3. 日: 日者,太陽之精,朝出于扶桑[7] ,暮入于若木[8] ,冬則短夏則長 The sun is the essence of the great Yang, in the morning it appear from the Fusang tree, in the evening it come on {%%goes into%%} the Ruomu tree, in winter it is short, in summer it is long.


4. 月: 月者,太陰之精,遇夜而明,望 前漸圓,望後漸缺. The moon is the essence of the great Yin, when the night comes it is brilliant. Before the first fifteen days of month {%%fifteenth day of the month%%}, it becomes gradually circular, and after it is gradually on the wane.



5. 星辰: 星辰者,萬物之精,上爲星辰,晝隱夜現.

The stars and constellations are the essences of ten-thousand things, when the essences go to {^the^} heaven, they become stars and constellations. On day-time they’re concealed, on night-time they appear.

Student 9 : HeeJin Lee

1. As for the sky / [it] is indeed blue up [there] / [it is] light [and] clear and extremely high / the sun [,] the moon [,] [and] the stars [are] fixed there.

2. As for the earth / [it] is below and wide [and] thick / mountains [,] streams [,] [and] all things [are] carried on it

3. As for the sun / [it is] the essence of the Great Yang / [in] the morning [it] leaves [/arises] from pusang* / [at] dusk [it] enters into yakmok {%%yangmok%%%}** / [if it is] winter then [it is] short / [if it is] summer then [it is] short

  • Place marker for sunrise {00 Pusang is not just a place marker but there is more to it. Give more details.00}
    • Place marker for sunset

4. As for the moon / [it is] the essence of the Great Yin / [it] encounters night and brightens [it] / before the fifteenth day of the month [it] gradually [becomes] round / after the fifteenth day of the month [it] gradually wanes

5. As for the stars / [they are] the essence of all things / [it] rises [and] becomes stars / [in] daytime [they] hide [in] night[time] [they] appear

Student 10 : Jelena Gledić

1. Heaven:

Heaven is deep blue above, light, clear and standing tall. The sun, moon, stars and celestial bodies are perched upon it.

2. Earth:

Earth is below, wide and deep. The mountains, streams and all things are held upon it.

3. Sun:

Sun is the essence of supreme Yang. In the morning, it comes from Fusang[9]. In the evening, it enters Ruomu[10]. In winter, it reigns shortly. In the summer, it reigns long.

4. Moon:

Moon is the essence of supreme Yin. Encountering the night, it brightens. Before the middle of the lunar month it gradually becomes full. After the middle of the lunar month it gradually becomes empty.

5. Stars and celestial bodies:

Stars and celestial bodies are the essence of all things. It rises and becomes stars and celestial bodies. Daytime, they hide. Nighttime, they appear.

Student 11 : (Write your name)


Student 12 : (Write your name)

01. Sky: Sky is very blue on top (of your head). It is light, clear, and very high. The sun, the moon, and the stars are hung in it.

02. Earth: Earth is under (your feet) and extensive and thick. Mountains, rivers, and ten thousand things are all put in it.

03. Sun: The sun is the essence of the great yang. It comes out from the east in the morning and sets down to the west. If it is winter, then days are shorter; if it is summer, then days are longer.

04. Moon: The moon is the essence of the great yin. When it meets night, it brightens. For the first half of the (lunar) month, it gradually waxes; for the second half of the (lunar) month, it gradually wanes.

05. Stars: The essence of a ten thousand things ascends and becomes stars. They hide during the day and appear at night.

Student 13 : Ra Yeonjae

1. 天: 天者蒼蒼在上, 輕淸而至高, 日月星辰繫焉.

The Heaven is blue and placed above. It is light, blue and extremely high. The sun, moon and the stars are hanging in there.

2. 地: 地者在下, 而博厚山川, 萬物皆載焉.

The Earth is below and nourishes mountains and streams generally. The ten thousands of things(all sorts of things) is all carried by it.

3. 日: 日者, 太陽之精, 朝出于扶桑, 暮入于若木, 冬則短, 夏則長

The Sun is the essential of great Yang. At morning it is came from Fusuang [11], and at night, it goes back to Ruomu. [12] If (it is) winter, (the sun is) short, and if (it is) summer, (the sun is) long.

4. 月: 月者, 太陰之精, 遇夜而明, 望前漸圓, 望後漸缺.

The Moon is the essential of Great Yin. Encountering the night and it becomes light. Before the fifteenth day, it gradually becomes full moon. After the fifteenth day, it is lacking smaller.

5. 星辰: 星辰者, 萬物之精, 上爲星辰, 晝隱夜現

The Stars are the essential of all kinds of things. Going up and becoming the stars, in daytime it hides and at night it appears.

  1. ↑ [1]蒼蒼在上:《朱子語類•理氣上•太極天地上》
  2. ↑ [2] 日月星辰系焉 : 《禮記•中庸》
  3. ↑ [3]《禮記·中庸》: 不息則久，久則徵，徵則悠遠，悠遠則博厚，博厚則高明。 Not ceasing, it continues long. Continuing long, it evidences itself. Evidencing itself, it reaches far. Reaching far, it becomes large and substantial. Large and substantial, it becomes high and brilliant
  4. ↑ a mythical tree which is said to be located in the East Sea. 山海經, 海外東經.
  5. ↑ a mythical tree which is said to be located in the East Sea. 山海經, 海外東經.
  6. ↑ 博厚 : 《禮記•中庸》
  7. ↑ 扶桑 : 《論衡•說日》/ 《漢書•揚雄傳上》/ 《山海經•海外東經》/ 《西遊記》 / 《三國演義》
  8. ↑ 若木 : 《論衡•儒增》 / 《史記•秦本紀》/ 《戰國策•范睢至秦》/ 《山海經•大荒北經》
  9. ↑ 扶桑, a mythical tree or territory to the east from which the sun rises.
  10. ↑ 若木, a mythical tree where the sun sets.
  11. ↑ Fushang(扶桑): The tree from Shanhaijing(山海經). <海外東經>: 下有湯谷。湯谷上有扶桑，十日所浴，在黑齒北。居水中，有大木，九日居下枝，一日居上枝。
  12. ↑ Ruomu(若木): The tree from Shanhaijing(山海經). <海內經>: 南海之內，黑水、青水之間，有木名曰若木，若水出焉。
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