"(Translation) 劉鮑問答"의 두 판 사이의 차이

劉松齡，鮑友官。皆西海人。皇明萬曆中。利瑪竇入中國。西人始通。有以算數傳道。亦工於儀器。其測候如神。妙於曆象。漢唐以來所未有也。利瑪竇死後。航海而東者常不絶。中國亦奇其人而資其術。好事者往往兼尙其學。康煕末。來者益衆。主仍採其術。爲數理精蘊書。以授欽天監。實爲曆象源奧。建四堂于城中。以處其人。號曰天象臺。由是西學始盛。談天者皆祖其術。盖虞夏之衰。羲和氏失其職。機術無傳於世。自漢以來。鮮于妄人，洛下閎，張衡，唐一行之徒。相與變通之。號爲精密。然如歲差之法。亦終不得其詳。則由妄想億中。而求之不以其道也。今泰西之法。本之以算數。參之以儀器。度萬形窺萬象。凡天下之遠近高深巨細輕重。擧集目前。如指諸掌。則謂漢唐所未有者非妄也。康煕以來。東使赴燕。或至堂求見。則西人輒歡然引接。使遍觀堂內異畫神像及奇器。仍以洋產珍異饋之。爲使者利其賄。喜其異觀。歲以爲常。惟東俗驕傲尙夸詐。待之多不以禮。或受其饋而無以爲報。又從行無識者。往往吸烟唾涕於堂中。摩弄器物。以拂其潔性。近年以來。洋人益厭之。求見必拒之。見亦不以情接也。劉鮑居南堂。筭學尤高。宮室器用。甲於四堂。東人之所常來往也。僉知李德星。日官也。略通曆法。是行也。以朝令將問五星行度于二人。兼質曆法微奧。且求買觀天諸器。余約與同事。

(translation)

Ferdinand Augustin von Hallerstein (Liu Songling 劉松齡) and Anton Gogeisl (Bao Youguan 鮑友官) are all from Western Sea. During the reign of the Emperor Manli(萬曆 r.1573-1619) of Ming Dynasty, Matteo Ricci(Li Madou 利瑪竇, 1552-1610) came to China. Thereby exchanges with the Westerners began. They[The Westerners] propagate their teachings by the means of mathematics, they are also skilled in astronomical devices. Their astronomical and meteorological observations are miraculously accurate. As for the delicacy of their calendar and meteorology, there was nothing like that since the era of Han and Tang dynasties. After the death of Li Madou, those who crossed the sea toward East never stopped coming. China also highly regarded them and utilized their skills. Those who are fond of meddling / Curiosity-mongers often revered their learning. In the later period of Emperor Kangxi [康煕, r.1662-1722], even more westerners came to China. The Emperor collected their skills and composed the book Shuli jingyun [數理精蘊, Essence of Numbers and their Principles] to pass it to the Imperial Board of Astronomy 欽天監. Indeed, this book became profound basis of calendar and meteorology. The Emperor also constructed four churches inside the capital and thereby provided them a residence bestowing the title Tianxiangtai (天象臺). Because of this, Western learning flourished [in China] and all those who concern astrology referred to the western technology. .................... Since the reign of Emperor Kangxi (康煕, r.1661-1722), Korean envoys to Beijing would visit the church and ask for an observation. Then those westerners would gladly welcome and lead them into the church, let them tour inside showing them exotic paintings, icons and ritual vessels. Besides, the Westerners would present them extraordinary products from the West as gifts. Thus these envoys covet their products, delight in the exotic view and cultivated a habit of yearly visits. It is only the Korean custom that makes the people behave arrogantly and haughtily toward these Westerners without proper manners. Some even did not repay their hospitality. In addition, some ignorant servants who followed these envoys would often smoke and spit inside the church and carelessly touched those ritual vessels ignoring their sacred nature. In recent days, the Westerners hated such behavior even more. They would always refuse our request of meeting them, and even if they accepted a meeting, they would treat us without sincerity. Liu Songling and Bao Youguan reside in South Church. Their knowledge on calculation is superior, and the architecture of their residence is the best among the four churches [in Beijing]. Koreans would always come and go to visit there. Fifth minister Yi Deokseong (李德星 MR: Yi Tǒksǒng, date unknown) is an official of the Astronomical Institute who has a general knowledge on calendar. Upon this travel to Beijing, he had an order from the court to pose a question to those two westerners about the calculation of the movement of the five stars as well as about the accuracy of their calendar. Besides, he was ordered to purchase all kinds of observatory devices. I promised him to accompany in those matters.

(translation)