2018 GGHS Team 9

This is Ganghwahyanggyo Local Confucian School

Management in Goryeo Dynasty, The stage of the Gaeseong merchant - Byeongnando

The Gaeseong merchant of the Goryeo Dynasty traded with different foreign countries through Byeongnando. It is also called 'Yeseong Port' and government officers were also hosted in the Byeongnando.

2018 GGHS 9Team Members

Team Position	Name(English)	Name(korean)	Student ID	Wiki ID
Teacher	Salma	살마	-	9salma
Leader	Lee Shin Hee	이신희	20205	9이신희
Vice-Leader	Jeon Ji Hyeon	전지현	20721	9전지현
Member	Yang Ji Won	양지원	20204	9양지원
Member	Han Chae Rim	한채림	20210	9한채림
Member	Yoo Su Jeong	유수정	20713	9유수정
Member	Park Su Bin	박수빈	10209	9박수빈
Member	Kim Ga Eun	김가은	10703	9김가은
Member	Park So Hyun	박소현	10709	9박소현

Management of the Gaeseong merchant in Goryeo Dynasty

During the Goryeo Dynasty, The trade was flourished by Gaeseong merchants beacuse of the frequent public and private trade with foreign merchantsas through 'Yeseonggang international port' that based in Byeongnando entrance.

Especially, ginseng was one of the highest traded product. Ginseng has cultivated in the Korean peninsula since the three Kingdoms era. During the unification of the later three Kingdoms, the ginseng that was grown on the Korean peninsula, was commonly called by Korean ginseng. In addition to that the Ginseng that was prdouced in Gaesong province has beacome famous since the middle of Goryeo period as it was the representative cultivation area of Korean ginseng.

Byeongnando

벽란도는 고려시대의 동아시아의 국제무역항으로 황해도 예성강 하류에 있다. 원래는 중국 송나라 사람들이 예성강 어귀의 강을 부르던 명칭으로 예성항이라고 불렀으나 중국의 송나라 상인뿐만 아니라 일본을 비롯하여 멀리 남양지방 서역지방의 해상들까지 자주 드나들며 교역을 하였던 곳이다.

Originally, Chinese Song people were called "Yesung Hang" because they used to call the river at the mouth of the Yesung River, but they often went to the sea not only for Chinese Song merchants but also for trade with Japan

Originally, the Song Dynasty called the Yuegang Port as the name of the Song of the Ye Sunggang River, but it was the place where the merchants of the Song Dynasty of China, as well as Japan and other countries, frequently visited the maritime regions of the west and west of the Nanyang area

Byeongnando is an international trade port of East Asia in the Goryeo Dynasty that was located in the lower part of Yeosong River in Hwanghae Province.

Exports and Imports

Goryeo Exports

• Agricultural tools, grain, drape, stationery, gold, silver, najeon, hwamunseok, ginseng

Goryeo imports

• Jurchen imports - silver, fur, and horses

• Liao Dynasty imports - silver, fur, and horses

• Song Imports - silk, medicine, books, and porcelain

• Japan imports- pearl, Mercury, and sulfur

• Tamna Imports - Mercury, Flavor and Coral

Advantage of Location

Byrullando was the gateway to Gaegyeong, the capital of Goryeo. It was also a port on the estuary of the Ye Sung River, so it was easy to trade and it was connected also to the sea. Not only that but also the water was too deep to allow even the huge ships to get through.

Transportation was convenient as it is located between Song and japan. At that time, trading by sea route was widespread due to the Khitan and Jurchen.