"Morning Calm v.17 no.110(1906 Oct.)"의 두 판 사이의 차이

2021년 6월 30일 (수) 20:25 기준 최신판

The Bishop's Letters.

I. SEOUL, COREA. DEAR FRIENDS,

There are so many things that I feel I ought to write to you about that it is always somewhat difficult to know what to choose, but I do not think that I have said much to you lately of the several Mission stations and the work that is going on there, or of the workers. I have been lately visiting all our stations and so have the work there more clearly on my mind even than usual. Chemulpo I often visit, at least once a month and often as frequently as once a week, but there the work till lately has been chiefly that connected with the Hospital, and of that Dr. Weir has given you an account each quarter. However, within the last few weeks there has been opening out some prospect of more work there, not so much in the town itself as in the villages round. How far we shall be able with our limited staff to take advantage of these chances it is difficult to say at present, but they are typical of what is going on all over the country.

I have before told you that in many places there are people professing anxiety to learn the Doctrine and join the Church, though often one feels doubtful how much this arises from real desire for instruction and how much from a wish to receive help and pro-tection from the Japanese or from their own officials. But, as I have also said before, we cannot drive them away and refuse to give them teaching if they say they wish to learn, unless it is really impossible to do anything for them. There may never come such an opportunity again. At the same time we have to be careful not to take up work we cannot do lest we injure our own cause and, as is possible, our people too.

In the Hospital I think things are on the whole satisfactory and there are plenty of patients. Our difficulty there is to keep the number within the power of our purse. But of financial matters I hope to write more next quarter. This summer Mr. Gurney has been helping me at Chemulpo, but I hope to get down there more often in the autumn.

I went up to Kangwha for confirmations about Ascension time, and spent a week or more in the city with Mr. Badcock, and then a week with Mr. Hillary at On Sou Tong. I had not had a chance of seeing the villages in which work is going on round the city before, so Mr. Badcock kindly took me to several in which there are small congregations which meet every Sunday under the leadership of one of the local Christians, or to which one of the catechists, official or otherwise, goes out to preach to those who cannot get into the city. The members at these villages, of which we visited some eight in all, are mostly catechumens under instruction. This they receive from the catechists on their round as instructed by Mr. Badcock, and then this year he has instituted an excellent scheme by which many of them are induced to walk into the city, where they have one or two days' teaching in the church. They bring their own rice and get it cooked somewhere, and can get a bed on somebody's floor without much difficulty. Of course there are disappointing cases, cases that is in which those who have professed to believe have withdrawn themselves when they found that they did not get what they really came for-influence, or help of one kind or another ; but as the work goes on it is easier to find out whether the people are sincere or not, and also they are beginning to see what we really are here for and to come for that if they really want it and not to come if they do not. We went right across the island to a village on the west coast and there we had our evening meal, and there several of the Christians came from the neighbouring villages to have service and to meet me. The room was only 8 ft. by 16 ft. or rather less, and it was not easy to see or even sit down, but they entered very heartily into everything, and we hope that the work in that district will really grow and prosper. Next day we came back by another route and visited one village in which there was an old man, who was learning the doctrine with four generations of his descendants. In all the villages they make some arrangement for their services in their own houses, but in the last we went to they have, with some help from us, bought their own house, and by degrees they will repair it and make it more fit for the purpose. I think that there is growing up what we wish so much to encourage- a better spirit of self-help and self-support. Up to the present, especially where we have foreigners living, we have had to bear most of the expenses our-selves, but in the smaller places they ought to do most of what is necessary for themselves.

From the city I walked down to On Sou Tong, being accom-panied part of the way by Mr. Badcock and one of the catechists with whom I visited one or two Christians on my way, and as I reached a point some two miles from On Sou Tong I saw Mr. and Mrs. Hillary waiting for me at the top of one of the little passes on the way, and with them were two donkeys which they had brought to help them get about the country. They really need something, for if they are to walk everywhere it not only takes a very long time but they arrive too tired to do any teaching, which has often to be done at night after their arrival. Now they mount their steeds and arrive fresh and ready for anything that may turn up. When they met me Mrs. Hillary mounted one and I mounted the other, and we left Mr. Hillary to trudge along after us. They said I looked very dignified in a panama hat and my purple cassock, and certainly it was easier than walking and quicker going home-wards. On Whitsun Eve we had a very late Evensong, and preparation for the Whitsuntide Communion.

The Christians come from some distance after their evening meal, and sleep there. In the morning at daybreak or soon after, we began our services with the baptism of one or two candidates who had not been baptized at Easter, then came the Confirmation, and then the Eucharist. It was a long service, having begun about five o'clock; we had breakfast about nine. Then after a short rest Mr. Hillary and I started for Ankol, a village about six miles away, at which the catechist Mark Kim is living, who was our first baptized adult. There there were some few people who had not been able to come over for the Confirmations at On Sou Tong, and they were gathered waiting for us. It was a beautiful day for the trip, and we rode and tied on one of the donkeys, the other wanted shoeing, which went very well except when it came to running water when we had one most unseemly struggle, and the road is one of the prettiest in the island. After lunch I held the Confirmation, and then Mr. Hillary left me and went home while I had a good sleep, and then went up again to the little chapel for Evensong and preparation for the Whitsuntide Communion of some few Christians. On the Monday morning I baptized a baby and celebrated, and then set off for a walk home with Mark Kim and one or two of the neighbours to visit a few of the villages where there are Christians or catechumens. It was a beautiful walk of about fifteen miles, and it was very interesting seeing the people in that way. We had lunch at a Christian's house in one village, and reached home at about tea-time and a cup of tea was very refreshing.

At On Sou Tong itself Mr. Hillary is building a church for his large congregation, which we hope will be ready for opening in the autumn. It is very much needed, for he has nearly the whole of the fairly large village admitted either to baptism or to the catechumenate, in addition to the people who come in from surrounding villages. The Christians have put a good deal of work into it themselves and have given a certain amount of money, but most of the money has come from the S.P.G. or outside sources. I hope in the next number we may be able to let you have a photograph of the building, which, when I saw it, promised to look well though it is not of course so fine a church as the one in the city.

I have left myself no room to say anything about Souwon or Seoul. I will only say here that all I have seen only drives it home on me more and more clearly that we must have more men if we are to do the work that lies before, if we are to begin to do it, as the Americans say. Have you no one you can send us? If I had five men to-day I should be able to give them work to do as soon as they were ready to do it, and at present I don't know of one who is coming.

Now good-night, and may God send us what we want. We want men.

I am, yours sincerely, ARTHUR B. TURNER, Bishop.

II.

II SAKAE CHO, SHIBA, TOKYO, JAPAN. MY DEAR FRIENDS,

The above address will show you that I am away from home, not but what I feel as if I were at home here, for it seems to be a sort of second home in the Far East, this Mission house of St. Andrew's in Tokyo. I came over from Corea in July for a meeting of the Bishops of our Communion in the Far East, or as many of them as could get away from their work to come. The meeting was called at first at the suggestion of Bishop Scott, of North China, to discuss a very important question, whether we ought not to found a Missionary Bishopric in Manchuria. In addition to that, other matters of importance were suggested until we had a full two days' programme. We Were to have met at Kyoto, the old capital of Japan, where Bishop Partridge, of the American Church, had offered us hospitality, but Bishop Awdry not being well enough to come to us, we had to go to him on the mountain above Kobe, and we were much obliged to him for taking us there, for Bishop Foss has a delightful house there with a beautiful view over the Inland Sea, and where-as Kyoto was hot-Rokkosan was delightfully cool, so much so that in the evening some of us were glad even of a greatcoat. There were eleven of us in all, the largest meeting of Bishops ever held in the Far East ; that is, of our own Communion--the six Bishops from Japan, Bishop Scott from Peking, Bishop Price from Fuhkien, Bishop Graves, of the American Church, from Shanghai, and I was delighted to find Bishop Corfe there from Peking. I want to tell you first a little of our discussions, for you will see that they are of some importance, and also that we want your help, if in no other way by your sympathy and prayers, but I hope that there may be some of my readers who will help us in more practical ways. We shall want money and service. Are there none of our readers who can help us in these ways? And please notice I say us, for though there are needs which are our own special ones, we--that is those of us who have been interested in Corea--have never confined our interests to Corea, but have always tried to remember that we have wider interests and broader claims, the interests of the Church and the claims of the Church.

Our first subject was that to which I have already referred, namely the foundation of a new Bishopric in Manchuria. You will remember that for some years the southern province of this immense country was joined on to the Diocese of Corea, chiefly for the sake of the foreign residents in the port of Newchwang, but when the Diocese of Shantung was founded the province of Shingking, as it is called, was transferred to Bishop Scott's care. Now we know more about Manchuria than we did then, and there is no necessity for me to give you a lesson in geography ; but I think few people in England know what an immense country the three provinces of Manchuria make, or how rich it is agriculturally, and probably in minerals too, though that source of wealth has hardly been touched as yet, or what great problems, political and commercial, will have to be solved there in the next few years. Up to the present the missionary work in Manchuria has been undertaken only by the Roman Catholics who have been working there for years, and by the Scotch and Irish Presbyterians, who divide the country between them so far as their forces allow them to cover the ground. The reasons why we feel that we ought to take some part in the work there are no light ones. The whole condition of affairs there has been altered so much lately by the growth of the Chinese population who are coming in from the southern provinces in their thousands to repopulate the land, which was left almost empty when the Manchus drew all the male population south to act as soldiers or to garrison the conquered towns in China; by the influx of so many Japanese in all the main towns and in many of the smaller villages as well, among whom are some of our own Christians to whom we have our special duty, and also by the important place that Manchuria will soon take from the point of view of foreign trade and of mining, for which the capital and engineers will have to come from other lands, and among them will be Englishmen, whom we must not neglect.

Having decided that this work was one the Anglican Communion in the Far East ought to put her hand to, we determined to make an appeal to the Church at home for men and money. And that it might be possible for work to be begun as soon as possible it was decided not to appeal for endowment at first, but for sufficient funds to keep the Bishop and a competent staff for a period of ten years at least. You will notice the word "competent," that is an essential part of our appeal, for if the work is to be done at all it must be “properly equipped and strongly supported from the beginning." If this is not so there will be danger of doing more harm than good. Now you will see that if this claim is listened to by the authorities at home there will be need of money and of service, and though not many of our readers have felt called to come to Corea, perhaps some will hear the call from Manchuria, which opens a wonderful field for anyone to whom the mission work of the Church comes as a personal call.

Our next subjects were all connected as being concerned with the influence and colonisation of the Japanese in the Far East. Of these, the most pressing seemed to be the problem of how to deal with the Chinese students who are flocking over to Tokyo and other educational centres in Japan for the learning they cannot get at home. There are some 10,000 in Tokyo alone. It is too large a problem for the Japan Government to be able to tackle thoroughly, and the consequence is that a large number of the men who come over get into schools where the teaching is not up to the standard they ought to have, and further the boarding houses into which they crowd are not such as to help them morally. The consequence is that they are in the midst of great moral and intellectual dangers. Can we help them? The Y.M.C.A. are starting Hostels for them so far as funds will allow, and the American Church Mission has obtained the services of a priest from China, and has provided a hostel for a small number of students. Are we to be left out of such work? How important it is we all see perhaps more clearly than you do at home. for we know what an influence these men are having at home in China when they   return with all sorts of ideas seething in their half-educated minds, and what a danger they represent to their own country and to the whole of the Far East. We hope that the Societies at home will realise the opportunity and the claim of these students, and will enable Bishop Awdry to do something also for these thousands of students, who in their ignorance often know nothing of their own danger.

The third subject which I should like to say a word or two about is "The Mission of Help to the ports and places of foreign residence in the Far East." I am afraid that there will be many people at home who will wonder what that may mean, but anyone who has lived or travelled out here will know that the work in the treaty ports among our own people, the foreign population, is a work which has been too often neglected in the past, sometimes left undone altogether, sometimes entrusted to men who by age or character were unfit for such a task. The Bishops out here and the Bishops at home and some few others who know the condition of things realise the need of our best men for such places as Hongkong, Shanghai, Tientsin, Yoko-hama, &c. There are Chaplains in all these ports, and they are doing all they know to fill their difficult posts, but they want the encouragement of such a visit as is suggested for their sake, but still more for the sake of stirring up to life those who have sunk or are in danger of sinking into indifference and careless-ness or worse. I hope that the leaders of the Church at home will help us, but it depends on more than the leaders ; it wants the power of the whole Church if any such scheme is to do its work, and I hope that if it comes to anything all who are interested in Corea will remember the importance of such a Mission and the help it may be to our own people out here, but not only that--anything that helps them helps also all the Church's work in the Mission field too. A long enough letter for the time. I hope you will hear more as time goes on about these matters, and will not forget that they are matters of interest to you as well as to us. I am, yours truly, ARTHUR B. TURNER, Bishop.

III.

SEOUL, COREA. MY DEAR FRIENDS, There are several things I have not referred to in my last letters. First, as to personal matters. You will have had information from other sources of the very sad loss we have had in Sister Alma's death. Sad for us; who can say it is sad for her? She died as she would have wished to die, in the middle of her work and amongst her Corean friends, and she was buried as she would have wished to be buried, in the Kangwha cemetery on the hill looking over towards the city, where already lie a small company of Corean Christians with whom she awaits the great day of the Resurrection, her body in Corean soil, her soul in Paradise with theirs and her own loved ones. I always feel that it is difficult to speak of any-one's work after he or she has gone from among us. We all have our own individualities which affect our work, and it necessarily follows that each man or woman either takes up work suited to those individual powers or does the work allotted in such a way that those of us who have different powers, different gifts and talents find it hard to judge accurately of the work of another. Let anything I say then be taken as only the opinion of one man and worth only so much. There seem to me to be two methods of work which one sees exemplified in the lives of missionaries, the method of personal influence through the heart, and the method of instruction through the mind. The perfect missionary combines the two in perfect proportion, but most missionaries are imperfect and find one method more congenial and are inclined to neglect or undervalue the other. Either method has its counter-balancing defect; if one appeals to the heart alone, one finds there is a danger of failing to discriminate fairly and to judge rightly as to those one loves, and desires to attract by love ; if to the intellect only, there is a danger of becoming hypercritical and of being somewhat hard in judgment. Sister Alma it seemed to me had a very great gift of love and sympathy, and feeling strongly the need of the appeal through love, hardly realised the need of the other counterbalancing method of work, and often allowed her judgment to be warped somewhat by the very force of her affection. But on the other hand her love for those she was working for was so great that it drew them to her and the cause she represented, as we saw after her death when all the women crowded in and each one gave evidence of the love they had for her and of the loss they felt they had personally suffered by her death. In her work in Seoul and in Kangwha it was her delight to go from house to house, and see the women and talk over their family joys and sorrows and try to enter into them all and sympathise with them all, and she could do it and did do it in a way that is not given to many out here to do. That was the way she felt able best to do her work as a missionary, a messenger of the Gospel of Love, and she did it with a zeal and a thoroughness and a whole-hearted joy in her work that has given us an example to follow, a memory of self-devotion which can never fade. God grant to us grace to love as she did, for without love we can never do the work we are called to as we ought to, as we long to Her loss, of course, weakens our working staff sadly, but we hope to hold on and, at any rate, not to lose ground before Sister Margaretta returns with reinforcements.

Sister Rosalie is staying in Kangwha with Miss Jephson; one hardly knows what we should have done had she not been here, and the three Sisters in Seoul remain as before. Sister Nora, Sister Isabel and Sister Barbara, each with her own sphere of work—superin-tendence, evangelistic work in Seoul and Sou Won, which is growing too much for one, and the Orphanage, which takes up all Sister Barbara's time. She has now some elder girls from Kangwha with her, which is in some ways more interesting for her, but of that more anon, and I hope from another pen. You can imagine how gladly we have received news of the accession of fresh recruits, and how thankful we are to the Sisterhood of St. Peter and to the Reverend Mother for sparing two Sisters to come to us, knowing as we do how short-handed they are for all the work they have to superintend in England; but there is a saying that it is those who give most who receive most, and we may be sure that it will be so with them, and I hope that there may be some among our friends who, from being Corean helpers, will become helpers of St. Peter's, binding the bond between us ever more closely. For I sometimes fear that our supporters at home hardly realise how much we owe to the Sisters out here for the success of our work, such as it is ; I am not sure even that we or they realise it as much as we ought. have again and again said how much the work in Corea depends upon the women, in spite of their ignorance and dependent position, and it is only through the Sisters that we have been able to attack this stronghold of superstition and ignorance. Ignorant they are still, superstitious they are still, very; but the glimmering of future light and truth has been given them, and given them by the Sisters, and we know that without them this could not have been done. The women could not have been reached, could not have been taught, and unless the whole house-hold is of one mind, how can the Church-really live among these people, where the family is the centre of everything? So let us be thankful to the Sisters for what they have done, and let them know it by the way in which we support their work here and at home, and not only this, but let us pray that in the future they may do more still for the Church of Christ here in Corea. We look to them to help us in work we can do in no other way at present; they look to us to encourage them and help them in every way we can. I have written so fully about the Sisters that I can only add one word or two on the other personal matter I have to speak of. It is that of Mr. Laws. Before you see this you will probably have seen him in England, some of you, or heard of him, at any rate. Ten years, or nearly ten years, without a furlough is a long time, and I was glad to be able to hand him his passage money and send him home, though his absence weakens our hands when we could ill spare anyone. You have heard from time to time of his work at On Sou Tong, and of how much we owe to him and his medical work for the success of the Mission work in Kangwha Island generally. You owe him many thanks, and I hope you have been able, some of you, to show your gratitude. He is going to have a long furlough--two years but not to be lazy. He has been able to arrange to go to Jefferson College, one of the best medical colleges in America, to complete his studies in medicine and to obtain a full degree, which will be very useful to him in view of the influence of Japan, whose doctors will come over here in increased numbers, and who will demand from all doctors, as they do in Japan, a degree which shall ensure their capacity to deal with their patients adequately and skilfully. In Mr. Laws' case it was not the skill so much as the degree that was needed, but the extra study and experience will, of course, give him confidence in dealing with all the diseases and surgical cases that will pass through his hands when he returns here. Arrange-ments have been made with the S.P.G. to continue to him his furlough allowance of £75 until April 1908, and a corresponding allowance has been given by my commissaries at home from the A.P.W.C., which I am sure will be well spent.

This letter has lengthened itself out, and I hope it will reach home in time for the October number of Morning Calm. If not, you will think it very belated in December. I am yours very truly, ARTHUR B. TURNER, Bishop.

Association of Prayer and work for Corea.

We are very sorry to have to report that, owing to a breakdown in health, Miss H. E Merriman has been obliged to send in her resignation as Local Secretary for Norwood. For many years she has been doing so much for the Association in that neigh-bourhood that her loss in that capacity will be very much felt. We are glad to say that she will continue sending out the Inter-cession Papers, and we must feel very grateful to her that she is able still to give us that valuable help. We hope soon to be able to report her successor. It may be considered advisable to reorganise the Branch, as it extends over rather a large area, but meanwhile we hope that the work will be kept on by the able corresponding members. Deaconess Bessie Black, at Chester, also feels that she must resign, as she is not able to give up enough time to working the Association as she feels it ought to be worked. We are very grateful to her for all she has done in the past. The Children's Sale at Beckenham, on July 4, was a great success. "We took over £14. £5 of this has been sent to Miss Falwasser for the Children's Fund, another £5 for the General Fund, £1. 12s. 3d. has gone for expenses, and the balance we are keeping in hand to provide materials, &c., for the children's autumn work and meet expenses of meetings ; but probably there will be something more to go to the Children's Fund later on. The little cantata went capitally, and had to be given twice over, thanks to all the trouble taken by Miss Flower, the member who trained the children. They thoroughly enjoyed doing it, and are anxious to have the fortnightly meetings for work and instruction again in the autumn." Working parties, &c., will soon be beginning again. The Needlework Secretary, Miss M. Newman, will be very glad to supply patterns of garments, &c., wanted for Corea, and to give help in any way that she can. Information can always be obtained from her as to what is specially needed out there in the way of clothing, &c. GERTRUDE M. SECCOMBE.

Children's branch of the Association of Prayer and work for Corea.

MY DEAR CHILDREN, One of the Corean missionaries, Mr. Laws, has just been spending a short time in England. He has been living among the Corean people for nine years, and has spent a great deal of that time in doing what he can for those who are ill I expect many of the people will be very glad to welcome him back again, for it must be a great comfort to them to have an English doctor that they can go to, and so often be saved a great deal of unnecessary suffering.

Before he went away Mr. Laws sent me this picture for you to see, and told me something about the people in it, as he knew it would interest you. He tells me that little children who are ill in Corea generally have to suffer a good deal. Very often they are left to themselves on the floor while mother has to go out working in the fields, and the little one is left in charge of an older sister, who perhaps says, "Why don't you die!"

In England you know that during illness nurses always keep sick children perfectly clean, and so make them much more comfortable. in Corea they do not wash them during an illness, and sick boys and girls look very grubby indeed.

Sometimes they are even left eight months without having their faces washed. This was not the case, however, with the little boy whom you see in the picture resting in his father's arms; but his was a very sad story. The servants had left a large cup of caustic soda and water (which is used for bleaching the linen clothes worn in Corea) on the floor of the living room, and this little 4-year old boy drank the strong stuff thinking it was water. He was dreadfully burnt inside his mouth and throat, so that he could not swallow food. His rich grandfather sent a boat specially to ask the Mission doctor to come over and "give life" to the child. The doctor went to the island where this little boy lived in a large tile-roofed house, and the picture you see was taken then of the child, his father, and two uncles. I am sorry to say that later on the little boy died, as the parents would not bring him to the doctor's house to be nursed properly, and they would not send for any more con-densed milk, so the child could not live on rice water alone. I don't think I have ever told you that cows in Corea are not used for milking ; they hardly give enough milk to feed the calf, and besides that, Coreans say that milk has a horrible taste. If any of you were ill your parents would take a great deal of trouble in carrying out the doctor's instructions so that you might soon be well again. Corean fathers and mothers very often do nothing at all, because they say the child is sure to die. Others expect the foreign medicines to work miracles, and think that the more medicine the child takes the quicker it will recover, and so they overdose the sick child. But if the doctor has any idea of this, he only gives medicine for one day at a time.

When you pray for the missionaries in Corea will you remember the doctors and nurses, and ask God to bless their work? In my last letter I spoke of the Sale that some of you were hoping to have at Beckenham. I was delighted when I heard how well you had done; over £14 was a splendid sum to make, and it is very nice to have £5 for the Orphanage Fund. I know you will all be glad that we have six new members at New Brighton, and that one more has been added to the Norwood Branch. Each one who joins the Association may, by faithful membership, be a very real help to us all, as well as to those for whom we promise to pray daily.

I am,

Always your affectionate friend, MAUD I. FALWASSER. Ashurst, Winchester: September, 1906.

NEW MEMBERS.

Star Ho N a he Scott, Hurrit Wood Sarah Jane Wood, Rowe Parc de Moro s Gris Nerd Stella W strecht

CHILDREN'S FUNT, Children's Sale at Technhan, s  

St. Peter's Community foreign Mission Association.

WEDNESDAY and Thursday, November 21 and 22, are the two days of the bazaar held by the Associates of the Community of St. Peter at Kensington Town Hall, at which, as in former years, there will be a stall for Corean curios, and the lists of these promise some even more valuable and unique than have ever been shown in England before, The Sisters have great and increasing difficulties in procuring them each year, and like everything else in Corea they are dearer than formerly ; but they lose none of their attraction for collectors, and already some of the most curious have been bespoken and even ordered from last year's sale. The supply is not inexhaustible, and it may not be long before "the Corean Stall" is a thing of the past; but meanwhile we must make the most of what has always been such an unfailing source of income to the Mission The Misses Trollope, Mrs. David Robertson-Macdonald, and Miss Frances Robertson-Macdonald have again kindly undertaken the stall for curios, while Miss Haig-Brown and Miss Maltby hold themselves responsible for the more general stall for fancy work, plain clothing, &c., so kindly contributed by members of S.P.E.M.A. All contributions should be sent in by November 15, and will be gratefully acknowledged. Those who have read Sister Nora's most interesting account in the July issue will rejoice in the possibilities of training and using native Mission women in the villages in Corea, thus minimising the enormous amount of walking and travelling at present necessary for the evangelising work. The Sisters would still itinerate periodically, but would leave one of these trained Bible-women to carry on the teaching between their visits. This method seems the best for meeting the needs of the large number of inquirers and catechumens who crowd the Sisters' classes, longing to be taught; and it is with real hopefulness that we can announce a small fund has been started as a nucleus for training one of these women, and that the Bishop has given his consent and approval to S.P.E.M.A. receiving and forwarding any sums thus collected. This adds one more to the raisons d'étre of the Association, which now exists :--

1. To provide two Mission houses. 2. To support the Girls' Orphanage at Seoul. 3. To raise a fund for training Coreans as native Mission women.

Possibly a College may be opened for training purposes, but meanwhile we add to our usual statement of receipts for the three months printed on the cover a list of sums already given or promised for this purpose. The Day of Intercession and Thanksgiving will be held as usual at St. Peter's House on the first Tuesday in Advent; the prayers of members are specially asked for the three Sisters starting for Corea in December, two of them for the first time. Though they will not have to face the initial difficulties and obstacles of the pioneers of the Mission, there must come times when they, as well as all other workers, will find courage and hope through the unseen efforts and prayers of those who are none the less missionaries because they can only form the rearguard. SISTER HELEN CONSTANCE, Secretary, S.P.F.M.A. Conference of Bisbops of the Anglican Communion. RESOLUTIONS adopted at a Conference of Bishops of the Anglican Communion in the Far East, held at Bishop Foss's house at Rokkosan, near Kobe, Japan, on July 19 and 20, 1906. Present:- Bishops J. McKim, of Tokyo ; W. Awdry, of South Tokyo ; H. Evington, of Nagasaki ; P. K. Fyson, of Hakodate ; H. J. Foss, of Osaka; S. C. Partridge, of Kyoto ; C. P. Scott, of North China ; F. R. Graves, of Shanghai ; H. McC. Price, of Fuhkien ; A. P. Turner, of Corea ; and C. J. Corfe. 1. The Formation of a new Diocese in Manchuria. This Conference is of opinion: (a) That, in view of the facts that hitherto no Mission work has been undertaken by the Anglican Communion in Man-churia, that widespread changes are taking place in the condi-tions there, and that there is a large and growing influx of population, immediate steps should be taken to constitute the three provinces of that country into a separate missionary jurisdiction with a Bishop of its own. (b) That it is not possible for cither the Bishop in North China or the Bishop in Corea to add such work as the oversight of a new Mission in Manchuria to their existing responsibilities. (c) That having regard to the extent and importance of the work to be done, it is absolutely essential that such a Mission   of the Anglican Church as is contemplated should be thoroughly equipped and strongly supported from the beginning. (a) That it is not expedient to delay the establishment of a Bishopric and the sending of a Mission of the Anglican Com-munion to Manchuria until a permanent endowment fund is raised for the See, but that a sum sufficient to maintain the Bishop and a competent staff for a period of ten years at the least should be guaranteed. Manchurian Bishopric-(a) That in view of the influential position held by Japan in Manchuria at the present time and the number of Japanese flocking into the country, some of whom are Christians of our own Communion, it is essential that full attention should be paid to work among the Japanese in their own language.

2. How best to care for Japanese, Chinese, and Corean Christians resident in any other of the three countries. This Conference recommends that each Bishop shall take such steps as are necessary to provide that each Christian pro-ceeding to any other country in the Far East may be without fail furnished with a letter commendatory, and further, that information shall be given to the Bishop of the diocese in which he may be going to reside.

3. Missionary problems arising from Japanese influence and colonisation in China and Corea. This Conference realises that a large influx of Japanese into China and Corea raises serious missionary problems, and that it is desirable that Christian work amongst them should be inaugurated in those places where the Japanese are resident in considerable numbers, and therefore calls the attention of the various Missionary Boards and Societies of the Anglican Com-munion to this opportunity and to the need that must arise for workers and funds for the work.

4. The Problem of the Chinese and Corean Students in Japan. This Conference understanding : (a) That there are at present some 10,000 Chinese students being educated in Tokyo, many of whom on their return home will become leaders of reform in China ; (b) That only about 2,000 of these are wards of the Chinese Government ; (c) That the remainder, coming at their own charges, are being educated privately and in many cases at undesirable schools; (d) That they are consequently exposed to serious dangers, both moral and intellectual ; (e) That by the liberality of the American Church Mission, Bishop McKim, of Tokyo, has been enabled to open a hostel and school wherein such students as desire may receive board, lodging and instruction, is of opinion that the effort now being made by the American Church Mission on behalf of the students is worthy of imitation, and recommends that the S.P.C.K., S.P.G. and C.M.S. be ap-proached with a view to enabling Bishop Awdry, of South Tokyo, to introduce similar institutions in his diocese. This Conference also recommends that efforts of the same kind should be made, if possible, on behalf of the Corean students in Japan, who already number some hundreds.

5. The Evangelisation of the Chinese communities in Yokohama, Kobe, &c This question was discussed, but no resolution was passed on it.

6. The present position of the Anglican communion in the Far East and how to unify and strengthen it. (a) This Conference is of opinion that it is essential to the best interests of the Anglican Communion in the Far East that the separate missionary dioceses and the churches in these various countries should maintain the largest possible measure of intercommunion, and suggests as one of the practical steps which would tend to secure this result--the presence, by invitation, of visiting bishops and clergy at all General Synods and Conferences. (b) In view of the great need of reliable and helpful Church literature in the native tongues throughout the whole of the Anglican Communion in the Far East, and of the fact that books in either Chinese, Japanese, or Corean can be easily modified and adapted for use in any one of the three countries, this Conference, knowing that the translation of secular and infidel literature is rapidly increasing in these lands, requests the Bishops in China, Japan and Corea respectively to devise means by which Church literature may be made mutually available. (c) That this Conference has heard with much pleasure of the recent interchange of visits between the native clergy of China and Japan, and of the mutual benefit to clergy and people resulting therefrom, and trusts that such visits may become increasingly frequent and helpful.

7. Mission of Help to the Ports of the Far East. This Conference heartily welcomes the proposal to ask for a "Mission of Help" from the home churches for the treaty ports and other places of foreign residence in the Far East, and resolves-- (a) That a Committee of three members of the Conference, with power to add to their number, be appointed to consider the details of such a scheme and to report to the Bishops of the Anglican Communion in the Far East. (b) That this Committee be empowered to approach the home churches with a view to the forwarding of the above object and to appeal to their liberality for the supply of the necessary funds. (c) That the most suitable time would be the late autumn of 1907, if it be found possible to organise the Mission by that date. (d) That Bishops Awdry, Scott and Turner be appointed to form this Committee with power to add to their number.

8. Letters of Greeting. To Archbishop Nicolai.—This Conference of Bishops of the Anglican Communion in the Far East, now assembled at Rokkosan in the Empire of Japan, sends its cordial greeting to the Most Reverend Archbishop Nicolai on completing twenty-five years of his Missionary Episcopate in Japan, and prays that God's richest blessing may ever rest upon him and the great works for the Kingdom of our Lord and Saviour to which he has devoted his life. To Bishop Williams. —This Conference of Bishops of the Anglican Communion in the Far East, now assembled at Rokkosan in the Empire of Japan, sends its cordial greeting to the Right Reverend Bishop Williams on the completion of fifty-one years of faithful and self-denying missionary labours in China and Japan, and prays that God's richest blessing may ever rest upon him and his work for the Kingdom of our Lord and Saviour to which he has devoted his life.

To absent Bishops.--This Conference requests the Secretary to send greetings to all the Bishops of the Anglican Communion in the Far East who had been invited but had been unable to attend. 9. Printing the Resolutions. This Conference resolves that these Resolutions be printed and sent to all the Bishops of the Anglican Communion.

Correspondence.

I. SEOUL: July 1, 1906. DEAR MR. EDITOR, —

"Ask and ye shall receive" is our Lord's own word; I think it may be extended to mean, in the case of missionaries, "Let your friends at home know exactly what you really do want them to do : pray for an answer to your requests, and God Himself will move the hearts of them to offer what is asked for."

I asked for a lantern and slides in the April number-both have been promised me. I cannot tell you from whom the gifts come, except that they come from God (through human agents), but the givers are among the chief of those who love God and the Coreans--for His sake.

Now I am going to ask you for something which will “make you tired." It is the old cry, "More men." Will you ask God zealously to put it into the hearts of several young clergy to offer themselves for service in Corea ? Things are getting desperate out here. The English Church Mission is cramped and ham-pered by the pitiful supply of workers in this huge field. Oppor-tunities are crying aloud in all directions.

The Bishop is single-handed, and has the oversight of Seoul and Chemulpo and four or five outlying districts in addition to his episcopal work. We are the most insignificant mission in Corea—in staff and converts at any rate. There are vast districts yet to be conquered for Christ; no happier or more hopeful place to work in could be found on earth.

We are at peace among ourselves. We have no educational question or ritual controversies (thanks be to God !). Our whole time and attention can be given to evangelical work.

The climate is splendid, and makes one think of England with a shudder!   But these advantages need not weigh much. I do not ask you to bribe people to join our staff, but to pray them out. You have heard all this so often before! Yes; well, do it this time, good readers all, and see what God has in store for us! I have had hopes that two or three of my old friends from South Wales would come out, but I fear my disappointment is to be permanent. Who feels inwardly moved to take up the challenge?

Yours sincerely, WILFRID N. GURNEY.

P.S.—We are with you, heart and spirit, in the fight for the children's souls at home.

II.

SEOUL, COREA: July 14, 1906. DEAR MR. EDITOR,

The Bishop bids me send you some account of the Conference held in Seoul on June 13 and 14.

Tuesday, June 12, was observed as a "Quiet Day," during which his lordship gave us three very helpful addresses in the Church of the Advent. We only had three sittings, but they were good long ones, and tiffin twice waxed cold before that part of the business could be attended to ! We were all present with the exception of Mr. Hillary, who was detained by sickness---from which, I am happy to say, he has since recovered--at his island home,

His absence made a large gap in our diminutive circle. Mr. Cartwright, too, was away, but the Japanese work was vigorously championed by Mr. Mockridge (on the eve of his deeply regretted departure owing to continued ill-health), and Dr. Weir represented the laity. Mr. Laws being now on furlough.

The Bishop made a very happy President, and everything was done with the utmost of good cheer and charity. One of the most important pieces of business I must relate to you in full ; I quote the official minutes of the Conference: --

"The questions asked by the Committee for the proposed   Missionary Conference in London in 1908 were then discussed, and it was agreed to send the following answers to the Committee:

“1. What are the problems of supreme importance in our own part of the world to which the Church should address itself without delay? "Answer.—1. The work among Japanese and their Colonists in China and Corea; especially in the latter country, in view of their political ascendency and the national antagonism.

"2. The preparation of native (i.e. Corean) Clergy and Catechists, and for this purpose the foundation of a training school and the supply of a qualified man to take charge.

“3. The supply of more missionaries.

"4. The unitication of the Anglican Church in China.

"II. What are the problems of supreme importance, else-where than in Corea and the neighbouring countries, to which we should desire to call the attention of the whole Church?

"Answer—The development everywhere of independent National Churches with full power to adapt themselves to their environment—e.g. Is one Prayer Book possible for all ?

“III. What, in our opinion, is it the duty of the whole Anglican Communion, acting together as one body, to do at this time in order to make some supremely important advance in the fulfilment of our responsibilities towards our own people, towards all Christendom, and towards the whole world?

“Answer.—That the Church should take corporate respon-sibility for all Home and Mission work.

"That she should put clearly before all her people their vocation, and help them to respond to it."

Our difficulty was not to find but to select (out of our many needs) the answers to these questions.

The Conference agreed to the Bishop's resolution approving of the suggested Mission of Help to the foreigners resident in the Far East. Chemulpo and Seoul are the only places of importance for this purpose in Corea.

Then we appointed a committee of the bishop and all the priests, except myself, to revise the present edition of the Corean Prayer Book. This is no small matter, as every sentence has to be carefully examined.

We have to aim at a form of language neither too classical to be "Greek" to the ignorant nor too colloquial to be despised by the educated.

We badly want an improvement on our present Hymn Book, and next year we hope to produce a standard edition (at present we have several in use) more portable than the present immense volume.

Dr. Weir agreed to draw up a report on the work at St. Luke's Hospital, Chemulpo, to be forwarded to the Committee of the H.N.F. and printed and circulated by them if they shall think fit to do so.

A financial committee was appointed, and one meeting has already been holden.

Some other arrangements were made, including those for a Conference and Retreat at Kangwha City in the autumn, and a meeting for instruction of catechists and others about the same time.

In regard to the Japanese work, let me quote the minute book again: --

"The Rev. W. H. Mockridge spoke of the overwhelming importance of the Japanese work in Corea ; and in answer to some criticism of their conduct in this country, 'the worse,' he said, 'the Japanese, the more pressing is the importance of the work.' He insisted strongly on the need for absolute unity in the Church in Corea, and added that the Corean and Japanese Churchmen should use the same name for the Divine Society. He emphasised the necessity for making Seoul the great centre of all the work amongst the Japanese, the distribution of forces coming second in the programme.

"He spoke, too, of the crying need for women workers, and expressed a hope that the Bishop would succeed in securing the service of a foreign lady-director for the work in Seoul.

"The Bishop fully endorsed Mr. Mockridge's remarks.”

In his closing speech his lordship spoke of the great loss to our active work here involved in the death of Sister Alma, C.S.P. On the last afternoon (Thursday), Mr. and Mrs. Cockburn gave a garden party at H.B.M. Consulate, to enable the several members of the Mission who were temporarily assembled in Seoul to meet some of their old and new friends amongst the foreigners

The next day we were scattered again, each to his business, after a useful and very enjoyable little three days' meeting, during which we worshipped, debated and agreed together as brethren, making merry on the Bishop's hospitality at the social board and festive cheroot box.

Yours sincerely, WILFRID N. GURNEY.

St. Luke's hospital, Chemulpo.

CHONG DONG, SEOUL, COREA : April-June, 1906. THE work of the last quarter has remained at a fairly steady level, varying a little with the weather. The average number of beds occupied every day has been 20'1, and the total out-patient attendance 1.902, of which 781 were new cases. At one time there were as many as three men with broken backs in the Hospital at once, and two are still alive, though pro-bably not for long. Several of the other in-patients have completed long periods, in some cases without much improve-ment, as their constitutions are so bad that, even when the immediate cause of their coming to the Hospital has been thoroughly treated by operation, they take months in healing. There have been seven deaths among in-patients, including one or two severe accidents brought to the Hospital several days after and in a hopeless condition.

The receipts from patients have increased, but not out of proportion to the increase of out-patients. The in-patients still cannot be got to make any regular payments; many of them are quite unable to do so, but some pay a little on admission, and several have returned with presents after they have gone home cured, though none have given more than a small fraction of the amount spent on their food alone, which is indeed a most expensive item.

There has been a small change in the staff. The boy who had been taken on from among the patients proved very unsatisfactory and practically learned nothing, so that it was decided to get rid of him, and instead a Christian boy from Kangwha was obtained, David Chun, son of Noah Chun, the colporteur. So far he has proved willing, bright and quick, and is working and apparently learning well. His coming has also made a distinct change in the tone of the Hospital boys by making the majority Christian, and he ought to be a good influence among the patients.

The religious work among the out-patients is still going on steadily, though with more men more might be done. Besides the morning prayers and introductory remarks, John Choi spends some time before prayers, and afterwards while the rounds are made in the wards and before he is required to help in attending the out-patients, in talking and selling books to them. He has a small but steady sale, chiefly of Gospels, and also gives to each newcomer a tract produced for the Hospital by Mr. Badcock. Perhaps the increase in numbers, though slight, of the Church attenders has, by demanding more atten-tion for them, reduced that given to teaching the in-patients. The departure of one or two who were particularly interested has tended in the same direction, but a weekly service with some exposition is still held. One of those who has left and is still in Chemulpo attends Church fairly regularly, and others have gone home to Kangwha, where they can be followed up.

The women's ward is not yet begun owing to delay in obtaining title deeds for the land. This throws back the work among women considerably, as the 8-ft. square Corean room at present available for them is not easy to work in and cannot be crowded with bad cases, nor can serious operations be easily undertaken with such surroundings. When the new ward is really ready the women will easily be found to fill it.

bow the Coreans kept Bank holiday. MONDAY, August 6, was to have been a great Gala-day with the Corean Christians and catechumens of the Church of St. Stephen, Su-won, but fortunately the rain that had held off for so long came down in the early hours of the morning, and for fifteen hours a steady downpour gladdened the hearts of the Corean farmers, who were sinking into a patiently enduring mood of philosophical despondency.

On the Sunday, service being over, numbers of Coreans were hanging around the Mission compound, which is a com-pound without any vestige of fence or even an apology for one. Presently a slight stir was made, and with one accord they trooped to watch the cutting up of the piles of bread and jam, for the feast of the morrow was to be in foreign style, and more than three hundred men, women and children purposed to attend a feast, the expenses for which had been contributed entirely by the Coreans themselves. Till late at night the leading spirits were hard at work, the unusual character of which they varied at times by whiffs from their long pipes and consultations over knotty points with the Rev. G. A. Bridle. The presence of an epileptic, who, a few days previously, had been in the throes of homicidal tendencies, requiring to be manacled hand and foot, added to the cares of Mr. Bridle, so, by the time he retired to his not too downy bed, he had well. earned the reward of a dreamless sleep.

Notwithstanding the heavy downpour on the following day, quite a large number of would be feasters made their appearance on the scene, among them many women. Happily Sister Isabel, although far from well, had braved the rain to come down from Seoul, so she was able to keep them from demanding the attention of the priest, who, in the building serving as a church, was endeavouring to persuade a portable organ to give forth in shrill tones the airs of "Auld Lang Syne," &c., to which melodies hymns translated into Corean have been set, whilst a group of Coreans—men and lads—did their best to chime in. The Corean idea of music is by no means highly developed, so the resultant harmony must be left for the imagination of the readers of this account to picture.

A little after noon, as the rain only showed increased powers of falling, it was decided to hold a preliminary feast to eat up the Corean food provided, and the presence of the priest and two foreigners visiting him was politely demanded. These poor unfortunates, who had already indulged in a hearty tiffin, were dragged in feebly expostulating by their host, and, being duly coached in the laws of etiquette as understood by the Coreans, timidly ventured upon the dainties that nearest approached in similarity their own daily food. One, indeed, ventured upon Corean bread, but a single bite was more than sufficient. The bread is made from an inferior rice, and, being made into a warm dough, is beaten with heavy wooden mallets until it has a firmer consistency than, but the flavour or rather insipidity of, jellied starch. It is then cut into oblongs and liberally dusted with a brown meal. Judging by the rapidity with which it disappeared after sundry dips into the sugar basin, it was evidently greatly relished by the Coreans.

Tuesday the weather though cloudy was fine, and the feast was made in real earnest. A plot of ground above the Mission-house that had been levelled for the church but temporarily abandoned owing to difficulties with the local authorities was covered in, and the awning adorned with small flags of all nations, and several large ones of Corea gaily fluttered in company with the Union Jack. The space was divided into two with curtains borrowed from the house, as Corean custom imperatively demands that the women should be shut off from the men. Sister Isabel was active in seeing that the women had their fair share of the goodies. Again the two guests were asked to attend, and, sending word that they regretted they could not as they were engaged over their midday meal, were told that the feast could not begin without them, so hastily concluding they went up to the ground, joined in the grace that was being sung, and then squatted down Corean fashion before a table specially spread for the pastor and his honoured guests. The tables soon began to present a denuded appear-ance, and it was amusing to watch one or two venerable Coreans slyly stowing away four or five double slices of bread and jam for private consumption, reminding one of the days of Sunday-school treats when little boys ate as much as they could and pocketed the rest. This little side-play was not confined to men alone, but we will be charitable and suppose the women did it for the sake of youngsters at home. After the feast was over a couple of snapshots were taken--one of the men, the other of the women.

The tables being cleared away the portable organ was carried up and, Mr. Bridle officiating at it, the company joined in singing the national hymn, then came speeches and hymns, and the raison d'étre of the feast was made known. It appears that the work in Su-won was begun in another part of the town some little distance from the present buildings. The former site proved disadvantageous, so after protracted negotiations the present site was purchased, and the church was removed piecemeal and re-erected, and a new house built. Waiting rooms for men and women detached from the main building were added, and to their erection the Coreans contributed some Y100 (￡10) All having been satisfactorily completed the Coreans wished to show their pleasure, and hence the feast.

Since the arrival of Mr. Bridle the work of gathering in the Coreans into the Christian fold has made great progress, for though many have as yet only been accepted as catechumens, his Sunday congregations muster some two hundred and fifty to three hundred, and, judging from the men's side on the Sunday preceding the feast, the building now used will soon be required to enlarge its borders, for the men were packed so tightly that, when they came out, it could be seen that many had their clothing in part saturated from profuse perspiration, and even then some eight or ten listened to the service standing on the little verandah running alongside the building. It certainly looked as if the love of Christ was beginning to in-fluence then, for numbers of them have a distance to walk (four or five miles) that would cause very many at home to think twice before attempting it on such a hot day as Sunday was. There is no doubt that Su-won is destined to become an important centre for the spread of Christianity, and those who spend time and money in helping the Mission to go on and conquer in Christ's name have reason to be thankful to God for giving them so soon the reward so precious to all believers, that of seeing many turn to view the Crucified One, and, beholding, trust themselves to His outstretched arms, relying wholly and confidently in His gracious promise of pardon, peace and salvation to all who come unto Him.

Notes.

(1) THIS picture shows the Corean method of sawing. The saw is the same as that used by the Chinese, and is formed by two round handles about three feet long, one at each end, to which are attached three strips, the blade, which is at right angles to the end handles, then a heavy piece in the middle to give solidity to the whole and also to serve as a lever for tightening the blade, and a rope which can be twisted to keep the blade taut. The log is always raised as shown in the picture, one man stands above and one kneels below. It is a very good kind of saw, and being made in this way the blade can be much lighter than our saws, and so there is less waste of timber, an important consideration in a thickly peopled country. On the right are two young Coreans, married, for they wear the dis-tinctive hat which every Corean man puts on when he takes a wife and enters on man's estate, though he may only be thirteen or fourteen years old at the time. In the background is a good view of the outside wall of a house with a tiled roof, and to the left is a smaller one with a thatched roof.

(2) Here is a group of poor Coreans engaged in pounding rice in a wooden mortar. They use a heavy wooden pestle, thick at each end and thin in the centre to serve as a handle. The man has not even the straw shoes on his feet which the coolies generally wear, and a big hole is visible in the sleeve of his shirt. The Japanese use a different implement in pounding their rice ; theirs is a heavy wooden mallet, which they wield as a miner does his sledge. The woman on the left has a baby strapped on her back, the Coreans do not carry their children in this way so continually as do the Japanese, and the method is slightly different too, for in Japan the child is tied on higher up, more on the shoulders, than in Corea. (To be continued)  

The Spirit of Missions.

WHAT is the work of Missions ? . . . Is there a better, a more comprehensive and more satisfactory way of regarding missionary work than this, that missionary work is bringing the world to our Lord Jesus Christ? You and I, who believe in the living Christ Who rose from the dead, who know by personal experience His Power and His Love, who know that that loving heart of His is open to impress the whole wide world, and that He looks to us to go forth with that message of love, and to be His witnesses to the world's end ; how can we, if we have really known Christ, and believed in Him, and felt His Love, stand back or hang back from the work of bringing the world to Christ? It is impossible."- (Speech of Bishop of Manchester.)

SOME NOTES FROM THE SOUTH AFRICAN CHURCH RAILWAY MISSION.--The Rev. Douglas Ellison, Chaplain of the Mission, says :--"You will begin to think that no letter of mine is complete without at least a passing wail on that subject--the dearth of men. It is certainly far and away our most serious problem on this Mission. The heavy demand made on a man by constant itinerating makes it improbable that we shall ever keep an average worker more than three years or so, with a possible further extension at one of our more settled centres; and even during that brief period it is not easy to protect them from the advances made by vacant parishes, which are readier to snap up a good man on the spot than to face the trouble of searching for, and perhaps importing, a parish priest of their own. . . . Young men in good health, with a fair measure of tact and the power of getting on with folks easily, but above all with the simple desire to give themselves wholly for a time to the service of this country and its people, need have no sort of fear about making the venture. They will find a work of exceptional interest, and in most cases a warm wel-come from their people awaiting them ; and I will guarantee that they shall carry away with them, at the end of their wanderings, some permanent possessions of experience and character which no ordinary English parish is likely to bring them."- (Quarterly Paper of Mission.) The Bishop of Capetown says :-- “I regard the South African Church Railway Mission as doing an invaluable work, and as deserving very ample support from the Churchmen of this pro-vince, especially from those dwelling in the dioceses where the Mission is carrying on its operations."

News from the Linc.- The Chaplain's brother tells us that in the Diocese of Pretoria “The proper preparation of candi-dates for Confirmation on the Line is one of the most difficult things, the occasional monthly or fortnightly visits being the only chance of a talk, and the Railway population having such uncertain hours of work that you can never make sure of getting hold of them. Then at the end comes the chance of whether the Bishop can be your way, and if not whether your candi-dates can possibly get to the nearest town. I recently met a lady who had been prepared five times without ever being con-firmed, and this is one of many out here, I fancy,"--(Ibid.) From the Line in Mashonaland.--" Looking back over the last quarter," writes the Rev. H. P. Hale, "the incident that stands head and shoulders above everything else has been the visit of the High Commissioner to the Bechuanaland Pro-tectorate. Although partly an official, partly a shooting visit, it has been most distinctly a witness to God and religion. It is on this account of course that I chronicle it here, as well as because the Railway Mission is connected with it. . . . The original plan outlined considerable work and travelling on Good Friday and Easter Day. But Lord Selbome quietly cancelled this, and insisted on spending Good Friday quietly in Mafeking, and though engaged in a big ‘indaba' with 6,000 natives at Crocodile Pools, sixty miles north, on Saturday, returned to Mafeking to make his Easter Communion. The significance of this action can only be fully realised by those who know how Sundays and Holydays are too often ignored out here in official and business matters. . . . Men, young ones especially, out here, are very tempted to regard Christianity as old-fashioned, out-of-date, and only observed at home as a concession to conventual usage. Here they think that they are free and emancipated, and religion too often goes abroad in their lives as a thing for which they have no further use. To such it could not fail to be an awakening and reproof to see the highest official in the whole of South Africa, to whom has been entrusted the terrific task of welding two races together, acknowledging publicly his humble faith in a crucified Christ and owning him as a Master, Whose service came before that of the State."--(Ibid.)

REMINISCENCES OF AN ARCTIC HERO.-"Bishop Bompas, whose recent death we mourn, is another name added to the list of good and brave men who have solved problems in the dreaded Arctic regions. . . His love for, and constant thought of, our Lord Jesus Christ led him to habitual self-denial. He would choose the smoky side of camp, the draughty side of the log hut, the least coveted place in the boat, the hardest Mission station, and always the most northerly and least accessible diocese of the three in turn created by him. In dealing with natives be showed the most attention to the poorest, the greatest patience with the dullest, the deepest love for the worst, and to missionaries, the most sympathy to the least efficient. His methods were absolutely unworldly. In times of semi-starvation he would share his provisions to the full with the natives, and often grow thin, weak, and gaunt in consequence. During these periods he would visit them on snow-shoes and walk over land, knee-deep in water, or ankle-deep in mud to comfort and instruct them . . . the example he set was beautiful. If a person endeavoured to damage his reputation, tried to take advantage of him, or spoke evil of him, he would be sure to do him a kindness as well as spiritual good, and in such a manner as to overcome his enemy, and disarm opposition. He would lend or give such a one anything, even his last meal. Did the boys and girls on the Mission need clothing? If he had none made, or of the right size, he would ply scissors and needle and make them. He would give un-ceasing, untiring attention to every sick person. Bishop Bompas believed in putting into practice the actual teaching of Jesus, whom he served so faithfully. Perpetual acts of kindness characterised his life. One severe winter, scanty supplies of food would not support two workers at Fort Simpson, so he elected to spend it at an outpost. After visit-ing Fort Simpson, he would write and thank the missionaries and say that their too great kindness had shortened his stay, as he preferred showing kindness to receiving it from others." (C.M. Gleaner.)

A FRIEND'S LETTER – “His love for the natives was genuine, Christlike. In suffering and service, he gave his life for them ; to win them for Jesus was his one aim, so he often shared his last meal and garments with him. His handkerchief must go continually for cut or wound--Bishop's apron for kettle-holder was often in demand. He was not a man to shudder at their filth and vermin, he did not shrink from their poverty and misery ; even their sinfulness drew out his pity and help. Poor creatures! how they flocked to him! how they loved him ! how they will miss him !

"No one in England and few in Canada can realise the hardships he endured in years gone by, in the far and cold north ; yet he accepted such cheerfully. See him on a small raft drifting like a cockle-shell on the ocean waves, amid ice-floes, in darkness and danger, singing and smiling! Or think of him running behind a dog train on snow-shoes, hundreds of miles, when hungry, footsore and weary--still he smiles ! Or, again, as winter sets in at a lonely post, in a canoe surrounded with dangerous drift ice, holes in the frail birch-bark convey-ance, glazed over with frozen spray, and the Indians excitedly exclaiming ‘A miracle brought us here, not the canoe only i' yet he smiles! Oh, what lessons of perfect trust in God the dear man learned and taught during forty years in the icy wilderness ! It is such men who make Christianity a reality, who endow the Church with rich experience, who make mis-sionary work a success, and heaven is enriched by their redeemed spirits. . . . “The heathen often tested the good Bishop's Christianity with cunning and craft. On one occasion, when he had been preaching to a crowd of savages, a wild heathen and wily chief came to him thus : ‘Big praying man, give me your coat!' knowing it was his only one. The Bishop accepted the challenge, saying : ‘If you need my only coat more than I do, here it is, take it!’ ‘Oh! no,' the Indian exclaimed, ‘No; but I will give you my only bladder of grease, my only food.' ‘All right,' replied the Bishop, ‘come along, we will eat it together.' At once the tactful missionary sat down, chewed raw fat, and preached Christ to the man all the time--that man is a Christian now. "Few men have been permitted to create three huge dioceses, each several times larger than England." -(C.M. Intelligencer.)

NOTES FROM UGANDA.--"At the end of May, Mr. Hesketh Bell, H.M.'s Special Commissioner in Uganda, paid his first visit to Mengo. On the 28th he visited the High School. Mr. C.W. Hattersley, the headmaster, says :--'He was much interested in the boys, their cleanliness, the dormitories, games, &c., but more especially in their attainments in school. He thinks the idea of getting together all the young chiefs and future chiefs excellent.'   "On Easter Sunday the Rev. J. E. M. Hannington, a son of Bishop Hannington, baptized Timothy Mubinyo, son of Luba, who is being educated at Mengo High School Luba, it will be remembered, is the Busoga chief who, under King M'wanga, was responsible for the murder of Bishop Hannington." --(Ibid).

CYCLONE IN MADAGASCAR--The Bishop writes :--" The Mahanoro disaster has turned out to be a very serious affair as far as buildings are concerned. It was the most terrible ever remembered, and it has laid Mahanoro flat. . . . Our great joy is that no lives were lost in the Mission, and this far outweighs our sorrow at the stoppage of the work and the financial loss. Miss Byam and Miss Porter have shown the very greatest courage and presence of mind under a very great and terrible danger. I feel proud to think that they are our missionaries . . . The hospital, which Miss Byam describes as rocking like a ship, is a very large bungalow with four small rooms in the centre, and two long wards with a verandah round. The roof was of wooden tiles nailed to strong planks, and the wind seems to have ripped these off like so much paper. Then, just fancy the ladies and their frightened children out in the brush-wood in the pouring rain from 12 o'clock at night until 3 A.M., with trees falling on all sides of them ! The native priest writes that he was astonished that none of them were hurt, as frag-ments of trees were strewn all over the place. We have had no such disaster since I came to Madagascar."—(Quarterly Paper.)

NOTES FROM SOME STATIONS IN THE FAR NORTH-WEST OF QUEENSLAND --The Bishop's Chaplain writes thus :--"Hughenden is the most typical of all North Queensland pastoral towns. It has a population of about a thousand ; banks stores, and many hotels. . . . This place has had an unfortunate history these last six years. Change of population, unworthy ministers, drought, &c., had combined to cripple Church life. But, by the special mercy of God during these times of affliction, Hughenden has been blessed by the life, example, and devoted labours of a Christian saint, who holds the Bishop's licence voluntary lay-reader. No calamity can damp his ardour or his hopefulness; no discouragement could diminish his faith ; no infirmity of age win him from his Christ-imposed labours. "Richmond is but seventy-three miles by rail from   Hughenden, but the sluggard trains take more than five hours to cover the distance. In this country we find 'bush without trees, rivers without water, grazing lands without grass, civilisa-tion without morals, public-houses without number supplying the only palliative until the Church fulfils her mission in their midst. . . . You may stand on a roof in Richmond and look west and south and east over the dreary plain, and you will not see one blade of living vegetation betwixt you and the horizon --nothing but grey dust waiting for the next breeze to carry it to throat and lungs. Northward there is the dry river-bed lined with a few stunted trees, and in hours of case there is nothing to do, nowhere to go, nothing to see, no club, no library-nothing. The men have nought to do but drink, and the women nothing to do but quarrel. Well, the devil has over-reached himself in Richmond. The people long for better things. They wait only for a lead. . . . We have a body of collectors praying hard and working hard to gather the wherewithal to build a house of prayer. I have a large con-firmation class greedily learning all that I set them to learn, preparing themselves rather than being prepared."--(Greater Britain Messenger.)

VISIT TO A SHEARING STATION.--" I have found shear-ings," says the same writer, "something of an ordeal. The opportunity is so great, and so is the possibility of failure. The shearers and the rouseabouts (who do the less skilled labour) are amazingly touchy people to deal with, and are for the most part not too fond of church or parson. Herded Together as they are, each man is in terror of incurring ridicule.” At one of these sheep-shearings, driving down with the manager to the shed where service had been announced for Sunday afternoon, he found not a soul there. He says: ‘My heart opped into my boots. However, I went over to the rouse-abouts' quarters; "Say, aren't you coming to service ? No answer. “Look here, I'm a new-chum parson, and want backing up; this is my first shearing." A voice from the gloom: "We're not togged up." "Oh! come as you are. You know that's all I want." "All right, parson, we'll come.” And out they trooped. Then I went for the shearers, and much the same dialogue ensued. But, lo! when they and I ached the shed the rouseabouts had fled. I was seized with Inspiration. I picked out two giants from the shearers and fed them, to their huge delight, at the doors. "Look here,"   I said, "you are to be just valves, letting all in, but none out." Then I went for the truant rouseabouts and fetched them, grinning, over. They sat on the ubiquitous wool bales, and service began. I never had a more reverent and attentive con-gregation.'"-(Ibid.)

ACCOUNT OF A JOURNEY.--"I did but travel endlessly in coaches and buckboards behind starved horses through dust unimaginable. The roads (being also stock routes) were strewn with the corpses of cattle killed by thirst. Oh! this drought, when will it end? But I was cheered, in every township, with evidences of the power of that man of God who works miracles of conversion in that vast region westward (the Rev. Hely Hutchinson); the Bishop tells us that he fully endorses that title, and asks our prayers for that lonely outpost clergyman." -(Ibid.)

THE CHIEF TOWN IN THE GOLDFIELDS.-" Kalgoorlie is about 350 miles inland in the midst of dreary waterless bush, and is a mushroom city of nine years' growth. . . . One of the two priests explained with joy that his house--a kind of glorified bathing box near the church--had been enlarged by the addition of a second room. He had no servant whatever, and had to do all his own work. . . . When we remember that the summer heat is as great as that in India (up to 108 degrees in the shade)--that these men have to rough it on salaries which, in a place of high prices like the goldfields, mean poverty (though of course they are expected to give money to every one in need around them), and that, in places further back, they are often terribly isolated, and have to undergo immense and fatiguing journeys in all weathers, we must confess that the Indian missionary's life is in comparison a bed of roses. Then there is the depressing nature of the work ; and the small hand-ful of earnest ones round the church are often tempted to lose heart. Truly strong men are wanted, and men full of the Holy Spirit, and nowhere does a strong man's influence tell more. . . . The Mission at Kalgoorlie was fairly well attended, and the vicar and the churchworkers seemed much encouraged; but one went away with an aching longing for the great masse untouched, and a fervent prayer for a sending forth of more men full of the Holy Ghost and of power for those careless multitudes." --(West Australian Quarterly.)   ANOTHER PARISH IN NEW SOUTH WALES—"We have just passed through a very trying summer," says the missionary ; "the heat was so oppressive that at times it caused many deaths, and we were without rain for eight months. Yet, through all, the congregations improved wonderfully, so that we have great cause for thankfulness and encouragement. . . . During the year, I visited all the villages and principal stations in the parish regularly. At most of the places the people were anxious that more opportunities for public worship should be given them, but this is impossible owing to want of funds and assistance. It would require at least five clergymen to supply the needs of this parish properly. On one of my visits into a remote corner of the parish (about 200 miles from head-quarters) a station manager informed me that a clergyman had not visited that district for over eleven years."--(Greater Britain Messenger.)

Morning Calm, 4d. quarterly, or 1s, 4d. per annum (post free), may be obtained from Miss B. Atkins, 24 Overton Road, Brixton, S.W., Miss Day, Lorne House, Rochester, or Messrs. Spottiswoode & Co., New Street Square, E.C.

ST. PETER'S COMMUNITY FOREIGN MISSION ASSOCIATION. JUNE JULY, AUGUST RECEIPTS. wer Raw , Miss M. K. Tuse, Ca , Miss Davis : M B Kevi, The Homes Harde, and, M a ke Total 25 Mr. Ballano Austin, alles, Total, s . Sale of Work, Miss Tufnel Sale of Caric, t. t. rod. Totalt 16, tad Ofersary, R . J. V. Walent. Yor hate and Nancy, Mr. T w o Sadi Mis J. M. Trollo Deria, Mr. Charles Total, n. 6. Tutal for three months . sve promised to and tra in Wonen for Kang Marie-From Host, a Secting a Mi Cheddar, 1. th Club Christ Chen, Alan Street, the win t . Sunt 4 Subscription priset, Lady Fr. H endrics, TL 47. For   Vol. IV. AUGUST, 1906. No. 44

Published by the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel in Foreign Parts

How the S.P.G. Mission to Corea began. IT was a beautiful village right away in an island on the west coast of Coreas. The village was scattered amongst the hills and valloys. Little groups of houses standing on the edges of the swamps, which had been converted into paddy-fields. A great hollowed hill, crowned with a fortified wall; stood above the village ; inside the

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