Morning Calm v.18 no.113(1907 Jul.) - 편집 역사

최원재: /* Local Notes. */

2021-06-30T14:54:19Z

‎Local Notes.

최원재: /* St. Peter's Community Foreign Mission Association. */

2021-06-30T14:51:46Z

‎St. Peter's Community Foreign Mission Association.

최원재: /* Ⅱ. */

2021-06-30T14:33:31Z

‎Ⅱ.

최원재: /* The Bishop's Letters.Ⅰ. */

2021-06-30T14:29:08Z

‎The Bishop's Letters.Ⅰ.

2021년 6월 23일 (수) 15:27에 최원재님의 편집

2021-06-23T15:27:40Z

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최원재: 새 문서: The Bishop's Letters. Ⅰ. CHONG DONG: SEOUL, COREA MY DEAR FRIENDS, - There is one thing about which I have long meant to write to you, but I have hesitated to do so, for whenever I...

2021-06-12T06:44:28Z

새 문서: The Bishop's Letters. Ⅰ. CHONG DONG: SEOUL, COREA MY DEAR FRIENDS, - There is one thing about which I have long meant to write to you, but I have hesitated to do so, for whenever I...

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 ===Local Notes.===
-The work of the Mission has been going on steadily during the last three months, and there is not much of special interest to record except the large number of baptisms at Easter. Let the place of honour be given to our newest station About eighteen months ago Mr. Bridle moved to Sou Won. At that time there were some twenty or thirty inquirers who had been saying prayers together for some months, but had perforce been left without instruction. Till Easter only two men had been baptized, with the exception of one or two who had been baptized practically in extremis. On Easter Eve fifteen men and eleven women were admitted into the Church. They are the foundations of what we may well hope will be a great Church, and I would ask your prayers especially for them that they may be worthy of the honourable position they have obtained. Pray that they may hold fast to the Faith they have professed and may witness a good profession among their heathen neighbours, and show such an example of good living that many may follow in their steps. That is the first visible result of all the hard work that Mr. Bridle has done, with the assistance of his helper, Paul Kim. We rejoice with him and hope it may encourage him to even greater labours, and lead on to great things for the Church of Christ in Sou Won and neighbourhood. For it is not only in the city that the work grows, as in Kangwha it is rather in the country districts that we see the people drawn to the Faith. There are villages, some within fairly easy reach, some at a considerable distance only reachable by train or by a long day or two days' tramp, where people are crying out for teaching, and at once two or three men could be placed in the district who would have their hands full of Tounpo and Pyung-taik you have heard before. In addition to these work is opening out in Paik-sok-po, No-sanny, Chul-kul. Kong-sok-kul, Sam kory, &c., and especially in the town of Chun-an. Queer names, are they not? But all have their meaning, e.g. Chun-an means The peace of heaven. May it be prophetic for its inhabitants. In the latter place, after only one visit from Mr. Bridle, and one or two from John Chun, the catechist, there are eighty inquirers who have given in their names. In Pyung-taik the people, as you saw in the last Morning Calm, have with our help got a small chapel, and in Tounpo they are well on the way to getting one. What can one say as one sees the work extending on all sides? Surely this work is of God. Who will come and help us?
+The work of the Mission has been going on steadily during the last three months, and there is not much of special interest to record except the large number of baptisms at Easter. Let the place of honour be given to our newest station About eighteen months ago Mr. Bridle moved to Sou Won. At that time there were some twenty or thirty inquirers who had been saying prayers together for some months, but had perforce been left without instruction. Till Easter only two men had been baptized, with the exception of one or two who had been baptized practically in extremis. On Easter Eve fifteen men and eleven women were admitted into the Church. They are the foundations of what we may well hope will be a great Church, and I would ask your prayers especially for them that they may be worthy of the honourable position they have obtained. Pray that they may hold fast to the Faith they have professed and may witness a good profession among their heathen neighbours, and show such an example of good living that many may follow in their steps. That is the first visible result of all the hard work that Mr. Bridle has done, with the assistance of his helper, Paul Kim. We rejoice with him and hope it may encourage him to even greater labours, and lead on to great things for the Church of Christ in Sou Won and neighbourhood. For it is not only in the city that the work grows, as in Kangwha it is rather in the country districts that we see the people drawn to the Faith. There are villages, some within fairly easy reach, some at a considerable distance only reachable by train or by a long day or two days' tramp, where people are crying out for teaching, and at once two or three men could be placed in the district who would have their hands full of Tounpo and Pyung-taik you have heard before. In addition to these work is opening out in Paik-sok-po, No-sanny, Chul-kul. Kong-sok-kul, Sam kory, &c., and especially in the town of Chun-an. <span style="color:red">Queer names, are they not? But all have their meaning, e.g. Chun-an means The peace of heaven. May it be prophetic for its inhabitants.</span> In the latter place, after only one visit from Mr. Bridle, and one or two from John Chun, the catechist, there are eighty inquirers who have given in their names. In Pyung-taik the people, as you saw in the last Morning Calm, have with our help got a small chapel, and in Tounpo they are well on the way to getting one. What can one say as one sees the work extending on all sides? Surely this work is of God. Who will come and help us?
 In Chemulpo there is not much to record. The hospital work has gone on satisfactorily, but of that and other things you will be able to read in Dr. Weir's report for the quarter.
 In Kangwha city the baptisms at Easter were the most numerous we have ever had, and Mr. Badcock and Sisters Margaretta and Rosalie were hard at work for weeks before preparing the seventy-six men, women and children that were admitted into the Church for the reception of the New Birth by water and the Spirit. It must have been an inspiring sight to see so many at one time receiving the Sacrament of Baptism, and it will rejoice the hearts of all our friends to hear of this great number of believers being added to the Lord. May He of His grace keep them in the Way! It must have been a grateful task for Mr. Badcock, too, on the eve of his departure for home, to feel that indeed he had not laboured in vain, but that under God he had been instrumental in bringing so many to the knowledge of Jesus Christ, not that he or you forget that he is entering into other men's labours, but he has had the joy of seeing the fruition of them before he leaves us for a time to attend upon his aged mother in her last days.
 All these were not from the city itself, most of them were from the country villages round. In many of these are small groups of believers, and Sunday by Sunday those who cannot walk into the city meet for prayer and teaching which their leaders receive from Mr. Badcock during the week. There are not yet many chapels, but in each village a room in the house of one of the leading men is used for their meetings. In Kobe a house has been set apart for some time, procured by the people with some little help from the Mission, and now in Song-sanny by means of local subscriptions and one or two donations the Christians and catechumens have provided a chapel which will serve them for a meeting place for a time. Not long we fear, or rather hope, for their numbers are growing, and the house will not grow of itself. Part of the money was subscribed by the Christians from other villages. A collection was made at a meeting for study they had in church in the city, but the churchwardens did not think the response was adequate and, locking the compound gate afterwards, sent round a subscription list which brought in some £2, a big sum when one considers that the whole building was to cost only about £20. It does not seem much, does it? Many of our friends could, and would if they were asked, give one such out of his or her own pocket, but we do not ask for it for we feel that it is better for the people to realise that the support of their own church depends on themselves, and surely they value more what has cost them something to provide to the honour and glory of God. There will be and now are other places where such small chapels are needed. If anyone would wish to help, money sent for the purpose specially, to be put at the disposal of the Bishop, would be welcome. Heretofore we have been able to help by means of local subscriptions from foreigners, or collections in church, or from one or two sums of money entrusted to the Bishop to be used for the Mission at his discretion.
 At On Sou Tong Mr. and Mrs. Hillary have had a very busy and in some ways a very unpleasant time. They have many villages to visit and many classes to hold, and what with long distances and small rooms the preparation of their people for baptism and confirmation has been indeed a labour, though no less a labour of love. The baptisms have been postponed till Whit Sunday, so that there are no numbers to report upon, but here, too, a large number will be brought to the font to receive the regenerating grace of the Holy Spirit of God. The unpleasantness has arisen from the fact that the converts of the American Methodist Mission in the neighbourhood have, so far as we can see, causelessly set themselves in strong opposition to ours, and have been trying to get our members and catechumens to leave us and join them. It would be hard for you to understand all the ins and outs of the story, but at last it became so bad that the Bishop and Dr. Scranton, the head of their Mission, went down from Seoul to meet the people and see if anything could be done to smooth matters over. After a long “pow-wow" with two Catechists on either side, it was felt that there was little that could be done to make matters go more smoothly, but those present agreed that they would keep the peace so far as was possible on either side, and suggestions of an agreement not to proselytise and not to take part in law cases were made, and so the meeting broke up. But after further discussion in Seoul it was found impossible to come to terms, and matters were left much in statu quo. Later the same difficulties recurred and culminated in one of their leaders coming into our compound and grossly insulting Mrs. Hillary who was in the garden, and on Mr. Hillary's return continuing to shout insults at him for a long time, standing outside the house. On the matter being referred to Dr. Scranton, he was able to bring the man to a sense of his wrong-doing, and he apologised for it. One hopes that this may make things more easy for our people there and make the others see that such doings will bring them into serious trouble, for if the man had been put in prison he would have had a very bad time of it indeed. We were anxious to avoid the publicity of such a course as it would have caused the adversary to blaspheme; as it is, the matter is only known locally and, though such action on the part of those who call themselves Christians is a serious cause of offence to the heathen, yet it is not as if the facts had been spread through the country. God grant that all may settle down and that we may work peacefully side by side, for indeed there is plenty of work for us all to do among those who know not the Truth, without interfering with those who do, But, in spite of difficulties, there is much to be thankful for, and we can take courage and go forward.

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 SEOUL :
 February 6, 1907.
 OUR kind friends in England, members of S.P.F.M.A., who respond so warmly to the demands we make for the growing work amongst the Corean women and children, will be looking for some account of what has been done in 1906. It has been a year of changes in the land of the Morning Calm, and not only of changes but of progress; the people are waking up, or rather being awakened, by the influx of their active and energetic neighbours, the Japanese, so that the desire for knowledge and the spirit of advance are taking the place of sleepy indifference and contented ignorance even amongst the lower classes. Owing to our sad loss in the death of Sister Alma last May we have been very short-handed, and the women's work, in Kangwha especially, has suffered considerably, but not so much as we feared it would, for the native workers have risen to the occasion. The mission woman, Elizabeth, has worked hard and well, going round to the different villages teaching the catechumens and inquirers, and giving the newer Christians her sympathy and practical help in their difficulties. She has been assisted by several of the Christian women who can only give part of their time as voluntary workers, receiving only their actual travelling expenses, chiefly wear and tear of shoes and other clothing; the village people, thankful for instruction, welcome their teachers, and are glad to offer them hospitality. The fact that the native women were thrown more on their own resources and were less dependent on foreigners may have done them good in many ways, making them more self-reliant, and perhaps teaching them the Christian lesson so needful for these Orientals to learn." It is more blessed to give than to receive." The women who help in teaching, as well as the mission women from Seoul, Sou Won, and Chemulpo, were allowed to attend some instructions given by the Bishop and clergy to catechists last October in the church of St. Peter and St. Paul, Kangwha, and the Sister who was with them and had after meetings to help them in any points they did not understand, was surprised at their intelligence and how much they had grasped, some even taking notes very creditably, and all showing that they are capable of being further taught and trained for their work. With only two exceptions they are simple country women, supposed to be intensely stupid, without a thought beyond their domestic duties!
-The Mission work at Sou Won developed so rapidly that the small church, school, &c., dedicated at Christmas 1905, was soon quite inadequate ; the site, too, was damp and inconvenient, so last spring Mr. Bridle secured a larger and far better one on a hill outside the South Gate, and had a clergy-house built, part of which serves as a temporary church (already far too small) also mission-rooms for men and women. A catechist's house with rooms for Sisters is to follow this year, and we look forward to a full-sized church within two or three years; it is much needed, for Sou Won not only supplies a large congregation itself, but is a centre for many villages, some of which are easy of access by the Seoul-Fusan railway, and she Japanese are improving the roads all round. Eighty-two catechumens have been admitted amongst the women; fortunately all do not attend every class, for the women's mission-room is only 16 ft. by 8 ft., and the Sister has barely standing room in a corner by the door while she is teaching some sixty women, packed on the floor as only Eastern women can be. There are very intelligent faces amongst them, and they are rather a higher class and better off than the Kangwha women, so we hope that in time useful teachers may be trained from amongst them. At first few could read, now most of the younger ones have learned and can follow what is read and sung in church and classes, and have bought New Testaments for themselves. Sarah, the Mission-woman, has a little school to teach the girls to read and write, &c.; here, as elsewhere, there is a desire for education, which ought to lead to good results. The Sister who goes to Sou Won to teach takes Sarah with her, and visits some of the adjacent villages, sometimes spending a night at Pyen Tak, where many of the women are already catechumens and anxious to learn, and the men and women, with a little help from the Mission, have bought a house, which is used for services and for a resident catechist. In another village farther away the men have built themselves a little church, and have prayers there even when no priest or catechist can be present. The one cry from this and many other places is, “Please send us a teacher - we believe in and wish to learn the Christian doctrine," and this although they are told distinctly that the Church will not afford them any assistance in their endless law-suits and political difficulties. The villages round Seoul are just the same; many men and some women come from long distances to the Sunday Mission service. Over 100 men came on Christmas Eve and slept in the Boys' School or anywhere they could find room in the compound, and fully appreciated the services of their first Christmas amongst Christians. Fortunately, with increasing congregations, it had been found necessary last summer to throw the whole of the hospital building into the church, which is now about 50 ft. long by 24 ft. wide, quite a roomy church for our ordinary congregations, but packed on festivals. A room has been built for the women on the north side of the church and a little detached from it, where they assemble before services and for classes, a much more convenient arrangement than having their room literally part of the church, hearing and being heard through the paper doors. It was too cold this year at Christmas for the women to come in long distances as they intended to do, and many are waiting until the weather moderates and makes it possible for a Sister and Mission-woman to go out and prepare them finally to be admitted catechumens for which they will either come into Seoul or a priest go out to them.
+OUR kind friends in England, members of S.P.F.M.A., who respond so warmly to the demands we make for the growing work amongst the Corean women and children, will be looking for some account of what has been done in 1906. It has been a year of changes in the land of the Morning Calm, and not only of changes but of progress; the people are waking up, or rather being awakened, by the influx of their active and energetic neighbours, the Japanese, so that the desire for knowledge and the spirit of advance are taking the place of sleepy indifference and contented ignorance even amongst the lower classes. Owing to our sad loss in the death of Sister Alma last May we have been very short-handed, and the women's work, in Kangwha especially, has suffered considerably, but not so much as we feared it would, for the native workers have risen to the occasion.
 In order to meet and help forward the desire for education amongst our native Christians in this our “day of small things." I brought four girls from nine to thirteen from Kangwha in May to be taught with our elder orphans, and have also admitted four day scholars, children of our Christian servants living in this compound. (We live here in Oriental style with our servants and their families round us) This necessitated the enlargement of the orphanage schoolroom, which was only 10 it by 8 ft., and is now half as large again, sufficient space for the twenty scholars who occupy it and have made good progress in reading, writing, and needlework as well as religious instruction It would seem natural that the Kangwha parents should pay something towards the support of their children; but going carefully into all the circumstances, it was evidently impossible, even rice could not be spared from their homes, and the improvement in them since they have good regular meals proves that we were right, and so far we have had enough for all. I own that in December there was a considerable deficit impending; but having made it known, our kind friends in Seoul came to the rescue, and we had enough to “make both ends meet" at the end of the year without any stint of food or fuel. We have only lost three small babies last year, and have now twenty-three children in the Home and a little motherless boy whose father had to go to the north for work, and asked us to take care of him for some months, as he was too delicate to be left where he might not be kindly treated. The children have a Corean teacher every morning, and read and write with their books on the floor in true native style and get on much better than when they came up to the Mission-house and had a table and chairs ! Some large simple maps with only few names, so as to leave space for writing them in Corean, would be a help in the schoolroom, but our friends at home are so kind in sending clothing, beads, toys, &c., that I hesitate to mention other wants. They may not know, however, that knitted stockings are becoming fashionable in Corea, and knitting pins and odds and ends of worsted, enabling the girls, and boys, too, to practise the knitting, in which they take delight, might lead to a remunerative industry and make the orphanage partially self-supporting.
-We are much cheered by the return of Sister Margaretta yesterday, bringing two new Sisters with her who have learned something of the language from her at home. Unfortunately Sister Isabel has to leave us on furlough the end of this month, and Miss Jephson, who has so kindly helped at Kangwha in Sister Margaretta's absence, is also returning to England, so we shall still be understaffed for a time until the new-comers are able to understand and converse in this most difficult tongue. I really do not know how to thank you sufficiently for all you have done for us and our people all these years. I can only give you the Corean salutation : "Pyenani Nasio" (Peace be with you), and subscribe myself,
+The mission woman, Elizabeth, has worked hard and well, going round to the different villages teaching the catechumens and inquirers, and giving the newer Christians her sympathy and practical help in their difficulties. She has been assisted by several of the Christian women who can only give part of their time as voluntary workers, receiving only their actual travelling expenses, chiefly wear and tear of shoes and other clothing; <span style="color:red">the village people, thankful for instruction, welcome their teachers, and are glad to offer them hospitality. The fact that the native women were thrown more on their own resources and were less dependent on foreigners may have done them good in many ways, making them more self-reliant, and perhaps teaching them the Christian lesson so needful for these Orientals to learn</span>." It is more blessed to give than to receive." <span style="color:pink">The women who help in teaching, as well as the mission women from Seoul, Sou Won, and Chemulpo, were allowed to attend some instructions given by the Bishop and clergy to catechists last October in the church of St. Peter and St. Paul, Kangwha, and the Sister who was with them and had after meetings to help them in any points they did not understand, was surprised at their intelligence and how much they had grasped, some even taking notes very creditably, and all showing that they are capable of being further taught and trained for their work. With only two exceptions they are simple country women, supposed to be intensely stupid, without a thought beyond their domestic duties!</span>
 Yours ever gratefully,
 NORA, Sister Superior,

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 MY DEAR FRIENDS, -
-A few months ago we had to be thankful for the safe arrival of the Sisters, and now we have to thank God for sending us three more ladies for our work. You knew they were coming ; you knew how much we needed their help. Now they are here, and you will rejoice with us. There is, of course, little to say about them at present. Miss Lillingston has settled down with the Weirs and Miss Rice at Chemulpo, and you can think of her as distributing medicines to people who cannot understand her and whom she cannot understand. If you like to use your imagination you may think of her as forcing the same down the throats of unwilling patients, who think she is going to poison them, but I do not say it will be a true picture. Miss Elrington and Miss Grosjean, after some weeks with the Sisters, are in their own home at last, and though it is not completely furnished or very palatial, they profess themselves as satisfied. They are hard at work on the language, and from what I hear are making progress, but festinalente is a good proverb to remember in Italy or England or Corea.
+A few months ago we had to be thankful for the safe arrival of the Sisters, and now we have to thank God for sending us three more ladies for our work. You knew they were coming ; you knew how much we needed their help. Now they are here, and you will rejoice with us. There is, of course, little to say about them at present. Miss Lillingston has settled down with the Weirs and Miss Rice at Chemulpo, and you can think of her as distributing medicines to people who cannot understand her and whom she cannot understand. If you like to use your imagination you may think of her as forcing the same down the throats of unwilling patients, who think she is going to poison them, but I do not say it will be a true picture. Miss Elrington and Miss Grosjean, after some weeks with the Sisters, are in their own home at last, and though it is not completely furnished or very palatial, they profess themselves as satisfied. They are hard at work on the language, and from what I hear are making progress, but festina lente is a good proverb to remember in Italy or England or Corea.
 Talking of houses and palaces, I do not know whether our naval guest would not call the ladies' residence a "hut." I will try and send you for next Morning Calm a photograph of the huts in which Mr. Gurney and I live, and will leave you to judge whether you agree with him or not. Anyway, I hope you will not consider that we are at all uncomfortable or unhappy in them, whatever name they may go by. They are both most comfortable if not extremely commodious or quite so palatial as Lambeth Palace, but there is one comfort about them, they are not so expensive to keep up. I think, seeing the cost and trouble incident on a big building, that we are happier in a house that will accommodate us without overcrowding so long as we can put up a friend at a pinch.
 I have been writing the Local Notes and have put into them all my thoughts and all that I have to say to you this time, so I will leave off and refer you to them for any news of the Mission. Only one thing I must say. I told you some months ago that Mr. Badcock would be leaving us this summer to go home and take care of his father and mother in their old age. Now you will grieve to hear that he has lost his father, and all the more does he feel the claim of his one remaining parent that he may do all he can to comfort her last days on earth. How sorry we are to lose him I need not say. We shall miss him at every turn, and it will be with real grief that his people in Kangwha will say "good-bye" to him; but we have the memory of his uncomplaining bearing of a good deal of bodily weakness and of his steady perseverance, first in the study of the language of which he has got so strong a grip, and then in the management of the printing press, and above all, in his careful and patient instruction of his people in spite of many difficulties and discouragements. May God's blessing go with him and keep him safe and bring him back to us. Thinking of our friends out of Corea reminds me that I have had several letters from Mr. Laws in Philadelphia, where he is hard and happily at work studying in the hospital and medical college. Only a year before he rejoins us, but a year seems a long time to look forward to. He hopes to be home this summer, so perhaps some of you will see him and hear something of his experience.
 I am, yours sincerely,
 ARTHUR B. TURNER, Bishop
-Bishop Corfe's Memorial.
+===Bishop Corfe's Memorial.===
-WHEN Bishop Corfe resigned the Bishopric and went to England, his friends in Corea felt that they would wish some memorial of his work and life in Corea to be put in the church in Seoul, and a meeting was held, at which it was decided to put a font in the Church of the Advent to his memory. Up to the present we have always used a Corean brass bowl at our baptisms, but we have realised that no church is complete without the proper and decent font in which our children may be admitted into Christ's Church by the washing of regeneration. The order was immediately sent to Chefoo, and the Chinese stonemason undertook to make a copy of the font in St. Andrew's Church there. After long delays it arrived, and was put up in the church just in time for it to be dedicated to the service of God on Christmas Day. It is made of white marble, hexagonal, with carving in the panels, simple as he in whose memory it is erected would wish, but such as no one would feel was in any way unfit for the purpose for which it was made. Already one of our flock has been baptized in it. Edward Morris Hewlett, the infant son of the Assistant at the Consulate, was the first to be there received into Christ's flock. We pray that he may be a faithful member of the same till his life's end.
+WHEN Bishop Corfe resigned the Bishopric and went to England, his friends in Corea felt that they would wish some memorial of his work and life in Corea to be put in the church in Seoul, and a meeting was held, at which it was decided to put a font in the Church of the Advent to his memory. Up to the present we have always used a Corean brass bowl at our baptisms, but we have realised that no church is complete without the proper and decent font in which our children may be admitted into Christ's Church by the washing of regeneration. The order was immediately sent to Chefoo, and the Chinese stone mason undertook to make a copy of the font in St. Andrew's Church there. After long delays it arrived, and was put up in the church just in time for it to be dedicated to the service of God on Christmas Day. It is made of white marble, hexagonal, with carving in the panels, simple as he in whose memory it is erected would wish, but such as no one would feel was in any way unfit for the purpose for which it was made. Already one of our flock has been baptized in it. Edward Morris Hewlett, the infant son of the Assistant at the Consulate, was the first to be there received into Christ's flock. We pray that he may be a faithful member of the same till his life's end.
 Bishop Corfe has returned to England, and all the friends of the Mission will be glad to hear that he is prepared to devote himself to stimulating the work of the Mission in England. He is ready to speak and preach anywhere and everywhere, and those who know his untiring energy, which is still undiminished, will, we are sure, be glad to avail themselves of his assistance. We may add that he is undertaking this work by the special invitation of Bishop Turner. Letters addressed to the Church House, Westminster, will find him at any time.

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 MY DEAR FRIENDS, -
-There is one thing about which I have long meant to write to you, but I have hesitated to do so, for whenever I try to put my thoughts on paper I find that there are always reservations that I wish to make, so that it is difficult to make you understand clearly the condition of affairs. The matter I have in my mind is the occupation of Corea by the Japanese. As to whether they were justified in equity in doing as they have done, everyone, I think, must feel somewhat doubtful, and some people feel very strongly that they had no justification whatever. But there are many who feel that whether they were justified or not, it was nevertheless absolutely necessary for them as a matter of self-preservation that they should obtain supreme power in the country, to prevent the Corean Government from intriguing with countries hostile to Japan in the future. Anyway, what we have to deal with is the actual facts of the case rather than the right and wrong of it, for we can do nothing to set things right if they are wrong. The fact is, that the Japanese are here and mean to stay here, and we have to consider how far that is prejudicial to us and our work, and also how far we can help to make the new condition of things bearable to the Coreans. As to the first point, I think we have little to fear. The Japanese in their own country do not interfere with the work of missions so long as their representatives are careful to observe the laws of the land, and I feel sure it will be the same in Corea ; and, further, I have been assured by the leading men among them that they are only too glad to welcome any efforts made by foreigners to educate the people and to forward the development of the country in any way, and I believe that they mean what they say. So that I have no fear as to the effect of the Japanese occupation on our work from the point of view of the Japanese themselves, or, at any rate, of their leaders.
+There is one thing about which I have long meant to write to you, but I have hesitated to do so, for whenever I try to put my thoughts on paper I find that there are always reservations that I wish to make, so that it is difficult to make you understand clearly the condition of affairs.
-But when we come to consider the effect on our work from the Corean side, I feel we are on more debatable ground. One effect we all recognise is that it has made the people generally more anxious to enter the Church. On all sides during the last year one hears the same story of numbers of men who formerly held aloof from Christianity now pouring into the Church and demanding admission. One feels thankful that it is so, and that the sufferings of the people (and they have suffered and are suffering severely from the occupation of their country by their ancient enemies) have led them to seek for help from Him who alone can help individuals or nations in times of adversity; and one realises how great an opportunity is given us now which may never occur again, and how great is the responsibility laid upon us. But at the same time we see that there are dangers which are inseparable from such a movement. Many of those who come in are entirely ignorant of the meaning of Christianity, and how are the few men in Corea who really know to teach so many? I feel this especially in our own case. For instance, what can Mr. Bridle do in the neighbourhood of Sou Won with hundreds of inquirers and no really adequate assistants? Mr. Gurney, too, in his journeys in the country to the south-east of Seoul, finds the same problem facing him with even greater difficulties. The Methodist Episcopal missionaries tell me that their numbers have increased this last two years from ten to twenty thousand. Who is equal to these things? We who are out here will do what we can. Can you not send us some men to help us in Our need?
+<span style="color:yellow">The matter I have in my mind is the occupation of Corea by the Japanese</span>. '''As to whether they were justified in equity in doing as they have done, everyone, I think, must feel somewhat doubtful, and some people feel very strongly that they had no justification whatever. But there are many who feel that whether they were justified or not, it was nevertheless absolutely necessary for them as a matter of self-preservation that they should obtain supreme power in the country, to prevent the Corean Government from intriguing with countries hostile to Japan in the future.'''
 I am, yours sincerely,
 ARTHUR B. TURNER, Bishop.