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"경주 굴불사지 석조사면불상"의 두 판 사이의 차이

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(영문)
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===영문===
 
===영문===
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'''Stone Buddhas in Four Directions at Gulbulsa Temple Site, Gyeongju'''
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These carvings on a large boulder around 130 m up the slope behind Baengnyulsa Temple depict the Buddhas of the Four Directions, namely Amitabha (Buddha of the Western Paradise) to the west, Bhaishajyaguru (Medicine Buddha) to the east, Maitreya (Buddha of the Future) to the north, and Sakyamuni (the historic Buddha; Siddhartha Gautama) to the south. They are presumed to date to the 8th century during the Unified Silla period (668-935).
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On the western side, Amitabha is depicted in a standing position. His head made of a separate rock placed on top of the boulder. To either side are stone statues depicting standing bodhisattvas, which all together create a Buddhist triad. The head of the bodhisattva on the left is damaged. On the eastern side, Bhaishajyaguru is depicted alone in a seated position. On the southern side, there was originally a Buddhist triad consisting of a buddha in the center with a bodhisattva to either side, but the bodhisattva to the left is completely worn away, as is the face of the buddha. On the northern side, Avalokitesvara is presented with 11 faces and six arms, which is a depiction not commonly found in Korea. This is the only carving on the boulder that is not carved in relief. To his right is a carving of a standing bodhisattva.
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According to a legend in the ''Memorabilia of the Three Kingdoms'' (Samguk yusa), when King Gyeongdeok (r. 742-765) of Silla went to visit Baengnyulsa Temple, he heard the chanting of a Buddhist prayer coming from underneath the ground. When the ground was dug up, a boulder with depictions of buddhas on four sides was found. In commemoration of this, a temple named Gulbulsa (“Temple of the Excavated Buddhas”) was built. This name was passed down incorrectly, and the temple is now known as Gulseoksa (“Temple of the Excavated Stone”).
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When this area underwent an archaeological excavation in 1985, a building site dating to the Goryeo period (918-1392) was revealed. It is thought that there was once a building which enclosed these carvings and statues. A metal drum was also discovered with the name “Gulseoksa Temple” inscribed on it, which is consistent with the aforementioned historical legend.
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*발굴연도 확인 필요 – 민백에 의해 1981.
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2020년 9월 30일 (수) 11:00 판


경주 굴불사지 석조사면불상
Stone Buddhas in Four Directions at Gulbulsa Temple Site, Gyeongju
경주 굴불사지 석조사면불상, 국가문화유산포털, 문화재청.
대표명칭 경주 굴불사지 석조사면불상
영문명칭 Stone Buddhas in Four Directions at Gulbulsa Temple Site, Gyeongju
한자 慶州 掘佛寺址 石造四面佛像
주소 경북 경주시 동천동 산4번지
지정번호 보물 제121호
지정일 1963년 1월 21일
분류 유물/불교조각/석조/불상
시대 통일신라
수량/면적 1구
웹사이트 경주 굴불사지 석조사면불상, 국가문화유산포털, 문화재청.



해설문

국문

큰 바위의 네 면에 여러 종류의 불, 보살상을 새겨 사면불이라 불린다. 바위의 서쪽에 아미타, 동쪽에 약사, 북쪽에 미륵, 남쪽에는 석가를 배치한 사방불(四方佛) 형식인데, 지금은 8구가 남아 있다.

서쪽의 아미타여래상은 몸은 바위에 새기고 머리는 별도로 만들어 올렸고, 좌우의 보살상은 다른 돌로 만들어 세운 삼존불 형식을 갖추었다. 동쪽의 약사여래상은 바위 면을 따라 몸 전체가 앞으로 쏠려있다. 북쪽면의 오른쪽에는 돋을새김한 보살입상이 있고, 왼쪽에는 얕은 선으로 관음보살을 새겼다. 남쪽은 원래 삼존상이었으나 돋을새김한 여래입상과 보살입상이 남아있다. 특히 북쪽 면의 왼쪽 보살상은 11개의 얼굴에 6개의 팔을 가진 십일면관음보살(十一面觀音菩薩)로 보이는데 우리나라에서는 흔치 않은 예이며, 남아있는 조각 가운데 유일하게 선각으로 새겼다.

굴불사에 관해 󰡔삼국유사󰡕는 다음과 같이 적고 있다. “신라 제35대 경덕왕(재위 742~765)이 백률사(栢栗寺)를 찾았을 때 땅속에서 염불 소리가 들려왔다. 땅을 파 보니 이 바위가 나와서 네 면에 불상을 새기고 절을 지어 굴불사라 불렀다. 지금은 잘못 전해져서 굴석사(掘石寺)라 한다.”

백률사는 이곳에서 약 130m 위쪽에 있다. 1985년의 발굴조사 결과 사면불 주위로 고려 시대의 건물터가 확인되었다. 사면불을 감싸는 목조가구가 있었고, 출토 유물 가운데 쇠로 만든 북[금고, 金鼓]에 ‘굴석사’라는 글자가 새겨져 있어 기록과 일치한다.

영문

Stone Buddhas in Four Directions at Gulbulsa Temple Site, Gyeongju

These carvings on a large boulder around 130 m up the slope behind Baengnyulsa Temple depict the Buddhas of the Four Directions, namely Amitabha (Buddha of the Western Paradise) to the west, Bhaishajyaguru (Medicine Buddha) to the east, Maitreya (Buddha of the Future) to the north, and Sakyamuni (the historic Buddha; Siddhartha Gautama) to the south. They are presumed to date to the 8th century during the Unified Silla period (668-935).

On the western side, Amitabha is depicted in a standing position. His head made of a separate rock placed on top of the boulder. To either side are stone statues depicting standing bodhisattvas, which all together create a Buddhist triad. The head of the bodhisattva on the left is damaged. On the eastern side, Bhaishajyaguru is depicted alone in a seated position. On the southern side, there was originally a Buddhist triad consisting of a buddha in the center with a bodhisattva to either side, but the bodhisattva to the left is completely worn away, as is the face of the buddha. On the northern side, Avalokitesvara is presented with 11 faces and six arms, which is a depiction not commonly found in Korea. This is the only carving on the boulder that is not carved in relief. To his right is a carving of a standing bodhisattva.

According to a legend in the Memorabilia of the Three Kingdoms (Samguk yusa), when King Gyeongdeok (r. 742-765) of Silla went to visit Baengnyulsa Temple, he heard the chanting of a Buddhist prayer coming from underneath the ground. When the ground was dug up, a boulder with depictions of buddhas on four sides was found. In commemoration of this, a temple named Gulbulsa (“Temple of the Excavated Buddhas”) was built. This name was passed down incorrectly, and the temple is now known as Gulseoksa (“Temple of the Excavated Stone”).

When this area underwent an archaeological excavation in 1985, a building site dating to the Goryeo period (918-1392) was revealed. It is thought that there was once a building which enclosed these carvings and statues. A metal drum was also discovered with the name “Gulseoksa Temple” inscribed on it, which is consistent with the aforementioned historical legend.

  • 발굴연도 확인 필요 – 민백에 의해 1981.