경주 사마소
| 경주 사마소 |
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 경주 사마소, 국가문화유산포털, 문화재청. |
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| 대표명칭 | 경주 사마소 |
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| 한자 | 慶州 司馬所 |
| 주소 | 경북 경주시 재매정길 47 (교동) |
| 지정(등록) 종목 | 경상북도 문화재자료 제2호 |
| 지정(등록)일 | 1985년 8월 5일 |
| 분류 | 유적건조물/정치국방/궁궐·관아/관아 |
| 수량/면적 | 4동 |
| 웹사이트 | 경주 사마소, 국가문화유산포털, 문화재청. |
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해설문
국문
사마소는 조선시대 관아 근처에 세워진 건물로 과거에 합격한 지방의 생원(生員)과 진사(進仕)들이 교육활동을 하거나 정치를 토론하던 곳이었다. 설립 초기에는 각 고을의 교화와 지방 행정에 기여하였으나 점차 노골적인 압력단체로 발전하여 문제가 생기자 선조 36년(1603) 류성룡(柳成龍)의 건의로 폐지되었다.
경주 사마소가 처음 세워진 연대는 확실치 않고, 임진왜란으로 불타 없어진 후 영조 17년(1741)에 다시 지으면서 ‘풍영정(風詠亭)’이라 불렀다. 같은 담장 안에 있는 병촉헌(炳燭軒)은 순조 32년(1832) 생원 최기영(崔祇永)이 지은 건물이다.
원래 두 건물 모두 월정교지(月精橋址)의 북쪽 교대(橋臺) 위에 있었는데, 1984년 경주 월성(사적 제16호)을 정비하면서 이곳으로 옮겨 세웠다.
영문
Licentiate's Hall, Gyeongju
A licentiate's hall (called samaso in Korean) was a building located near a local government office to be used by individuals who had passed the classics licentiate and literary licentiate examinations to hold Confucian educational events and political debates. In the Joseon period (1392-1910), one needed to successfully pass the classics and literary licentiate examinations in order to become a civil official who could serve in the government. Initially, licentiate's halls helped to contribute to local erudition and administration, but over time abuses of power became commonplace, so they were shut down in 1603 on the recommendation of the renowned scholar Ryu Seong-ryong (1542-1607).
It is unknown when the licentiate's hall of Gyeongju was first established. It was located not near the local government office, but the local Confucian school. It burnt down in the Japanese invasions of 1592-1598. In 1741, local scholars re-established the licentiate's hall under the name Pungyeongjeong, meaning "Pavilion of the Wind Song." Located next to the licentiate's hall is another building named Byeongchokheon, meaning "Hall of Bright Candlelight," and was built in 1832 by the classics licentiate Choe Gi-yeong (1768-?).
The buildings were originally located about 300 m to the east at the northern end of the site of Woljeonggyo Bridge and were moved here when Wolseong Palace Site (Historic Site) was renovated in 1984. Nearby are the stone remains of Woljeonggyo Bridge, which were alvaged from the water in 1860 by the scholars at the licentiate's hall and turned into a platform named Yeonggwangdae.
- 최기영 생년 --> http://people.aks.ac.kr/front/dirSer/exm/exmView.aks?exmId=EXM_SA_6JOc_1825_029842&curSetPos=0&curSPos=0&category=dirSer&isEQ=true&kristalSearchArea=P
- http://dh.aks.ac.kr/sillokwiki/index.php/%EC%82%AC%EB%A7%88%EC%86%8C(%E5%8F%B8%E9%A6%AC%E6%89%80)
- http://encykorea.aks.ac.kr/Contents/Item/E0025567
- If they were shut down in 1603, how is this building built in 1741..... a continuation of the former building (which burned down entirely).
