"문장 21 - 25"의 두 판 사이의 차이

2017년 7월 14일 (금) 22:22 판

Original Script

Translation

Student 1 : Sanghoon Na

21. 兄弟: 長曰兄季曰弟比之木則同根也比之雁則同行也兄弟之情友愛而已

Brothers: The elder is called hyŏng(Ch. xiong), and the younger is called che(Ch. di). Comparing them to trees, then [they are from] the same roots. Comparing them to wild geese, [they fly in] the same row. The affection of brothers is just the fraternal love.

22. 君臣: 君臣之間以義合者也君視臣如手足臣視君如元首爲臣之道忠良而已

Ruler and Subject: Relationship between ruler and subject is tied by righteousness. The ruler sees subjects as [his] hands and feet. Subjects see the ruler as the chief head. The [proper] conduct for subject's way is only loyalty and capability.

23. 師: 敎我者爲師非師無以學問是故古之學者尊師君父

Master: The one who teaches me is a master. Without a master, there would be no learning and inquiring. For this reason, learners in old days revered [their] master like ruler and father.

24. 文學: 人而不學不知道理無異禽獸故聖人乃制文學以敎人使知三綱五倫孝悌禮義廉恥之道

Writings: Those who, as human beings, do not learn do not know the moral principles and are no different from birds and beasts. Therefore, the Sage then made writings, with which they taught people to know the Three Bonds and the Five Relations, filiality and fraternity, propriety and justice, and honesty and honor.

25. 讀書: 讀書之時一其心志勿思雜慮敬對方冊日夜勤讀眼慣口熟自可渙然也 Reading: When reading books, unify your mind and will. Do not brood on desultory thoughts. Respectfully face the books. Day and night diligently read. Make the eyes and mouth accustomed to it, and [you will] automatically be enlightened.

Student 2 : Younès M'Ghari

21. 兄弟: 長曰兄季曰弟比之木則同根也比之雁則同行也兄弟之情友愛而已

The elder is called older brother, the second is called younger brother. If you compare them to trees, then they share the roots. If you compare them to geese, then they share the [flying] lines. The sentiment between older brother and younger brother is merely brotherly affection.

22. 君臣: 君臣之間以義合者也君視臣如手足臣視君如元首爲臣之道忠良而已

The relationship between ruler and subject in which they are linked by righteouness, the ruler sees the subject as the hands and feet, the subject sees the ruler as the head; the way of being a subject is merely to be loyal and upright.

23. 師: 敎我者爲師非師無以學問是故古之學者尊師君父

The one who teaches me is a teacher. Without a teacher there is no way to learn and ask. For this reason, one who learnt respects the teacher like ruler and father.

24. 文學: 人而不學不知道理無異禽獸故聖人乃制文學以敎人使知三綱五倫孝悌禮義廉恥之道

If one does not learn, he will not know the Way and the Principle¹ and will not be far from birds and beasts. Thus the sages established learning through litterature that educates people and lets them know the Way of the 3 cardinal virtues and 5 cardinal relationships, filiality and fraternity, rites and morals, honor and humility.

25. 讀書: 讀書之時一其心志勿思雜慮敬對方冊日夜勤讀眼慣口熟自可渙然也

When reading (out loud), unify your heart² and your intention. Do not think about miscellaneous considerations, respect and face ancient books, diligently read day and night, get your eyes used and your mouth familiar [to the readings] and it can automatically become apparent.

¹: 'Dao Li' (Chinese: 道理) could be interpreted as the 'Principle of the Way'.

²: Often directly translated as the 'mind'.

Student 3 : (Write your name)

Student 4 : (Write your name)

21. 兄弟: 長曰兄季曰弟比之木則同根也比之雁則同行也兄弟之情友愛而已

Elder and Younger Brothers – The elder is called the elder brother, and the second is called the younger brother. Likened to trees, then [they] share roots. Likened to wild geese, they share the same path. The affection of elder and younger brother is just that of fraternal love.

22. 君臣: 君臣之間以義合者也君視臣如手足臣視君如元首爲臣之道忠良而已

Lords and Ministers – Lords and ministers are brought together by righteousness. The lord sees the minister as hands and feet. The minister sees the lord as [the] authority and head. To fulfill the Way of the minister is just that of being loyal and being capable.

23. 師: 敎我者爲師非師無以學問是故古之學者尊師君父

Teachers – The one who educates me is the teacher. Without a teacher there is no way to learn and ask. This is why those who learned in the past respected teachers like lords and fathers.

24. 文學: 人而不學不知道理無異禽獸故聖人乃制文學以敎人使知三綱五倫孝悌禮義廉恥之道

Writing¹ and Learning – [To be] a person and not learn [is to] not know the Way and [moral] principles and has no difference [from] birds and beasts. [This is] the reason sages then made written culture and learning to educate people and cause them to know the Way of the three links² and five relationships, filial piety and fraternal love, rites and righteousness, and sincerity and honor.

¹ 文 [K: mun; C: mun] indicates significant and important things that comprise written culture, not just writing.

² The ruler leads the minister, the father leads the son, and the husband leads the wife.

25. 讀書: 讀書之時一其心志勿思雜慮敬對方冊日夜勤讀眼慣口熟自可渙然也

Reading [Out Loud] Books - When reading [out loud] books, make one the heart and mind, do not think random thoughts, [show] respect facing the books, day and night diligently read [out loud and let] eyes accustom [themselves] and the mouth familiarize [itself], [then the books] themselves can melt like so [to reveal their meaning].

Student 5 : (Write your name)

Student 6 : (Write your name)

Student 7 : (Write your name)

Student 8 : (Write your name)

Student 9 : (Write your name)

Student 10 : Jelena Gledić

21. Older and younger brother:

The elder is called older brother, the younger is called younger brother. If compared to trees, they have the same root. If compared to wild geese, they have the same path. The sentiment between older and younger brother is that of camaraderie.

22. Ruler and minister:

The relationship between ruler and minister is bound through righteousness. The ruler sees the minister as his hands and feet. The minister sees the ruler as the primary head. The way of being a minister is that of loyalty and aptitude.

23. Teacher:

The one who teaches me is a teacher. Without teachers, there is no learning. For this reason, in the past those who learned respected teachers as rulers and fathers.

24. Studying:

If man does not learn he does not know the reasoning of the way and is no different than the birds and the beasts. The sages of old thus made studying with which to teach people, so that they know the Three Bonds and Five Relationships^[1], filiality, fraternity, rites, righteousness and honor.

25. Reading:

When one reads, mind and intent should be united. One should not think of random matters. One should respectfully face the book, day and night, diligently and carefully. The eyes should get used to it and the mouth should become familiar with it. [Then] the self can become apparent.

Student 11 : (Write your name)

Student 12 : (Write your name)

Student 13 : (Write your name)

Student 14 : (Write your name)

1. ↑ 三綱五倫, one of the most important doctrines of Confucianism.