Yuan Dynasty Documents 101 - 편집 역사

2019년 7월 17일 (수) 06:18에 Kelemechi님의 편집

2019-07-17T06:18:07Z

Kelemechi: /* Intro and Readings */

2019-07-17T06:17:16Z

‎Intro and Readings

2019년 7월 17일 (수) 04:19에 Kelemechi님의 편집

2019-07-17T04:19:00Z

2019년 7월 17일 (수) 04:16에 Kelemechi님의 편집

2019-07-17T04:16:21Z

Kelemechi: /* Reference Materials */

2019-07-17T04:07:56Z

‎Reference Materials

2019년 7월 17일 (수) 04:05에 Kelemechi님의 편집

2019-07-17T04:05:47Z

Kelemechi: /* Intro and Readings */

2019-07-16T22:17:56Z

‎Intro and Readings

Kelemechi: /* Intro and Readings */

2019-07-16T22:15:14Z

‎Intro and Readings

2019년 7월 16일 (화) 16:00에 Lotus님의 편집

2019-07-16T16:00:09Z

2019년 7월 16일 (화) 15:54에 Lotus님의 편집

2019-07-16T15:54:57Z

← 이전 판		2019년 7월 17일 (수) 06:18 판
1번째 줄:		1번째 줄:
−	~~draft. 2019.07.15. 11:11 AM~~
−
	== Intro and Readings ==		== Intro and Readings ==

@@ 18번째 줄: / 18번째 줄: @@
 Yuanshi, 5: 95:
 至元元年春正月... 癸卯, 儒,釋,道,也里可溫,達失蠻等戶, 舊免租稅, 今並徵之.
 On the first month of the first year of the Zhiyuan period, guimao, the households of the Confucians, Buddhists, Christians, and Muslims who had previously been exempt from taxation (or, land tax and commercial tax?) will now be subject to taxation.

@@ 6번째 줄: / 6번째 줄: @@
 Special Lecture by [https://wonheecho.net Wonhee Cho.]
-Readings (Selections from Birge, Bettine. ''Marriage and the Law in the Age of Khubilai Khan: Cases from the Yuan Dianzhang''. Harvard University Press, 2017.)
+Background Readings (Selections from Birge, Bettine. ''Marriage and the Law in the Age of Khubilai Khan: Cases from the Yuan Dianzhang''. Harvard University Press, 2017.)
 [https://www.dropbox.com/s/m9tyr1qkzjltri4/Birge%2C%202017%2C%20Marriage%20and%20the%20Law%20in%20the%20Age%20of%20Khubilai%20Khan%20%3B%20Cases%20from%20the%20Yuan%20Dianzhang_for_clean_up.pdf?raw=1 Download here] (read pp. 58-77 for our class, but feel free to read more.)
 ===== Opening example =====

@@ 107번째 줄: / 107번째 줄: @@
 * 裏: [postposition] “at”
 * 荅失蠻: Proper noun (cf. not the "荅失蠻” from the phrase "僧,道,也里可溫,荅失蠻” above).
-* 吃剌思八斡卽兒: Proper Noun. Gragspa-‘Odzer, the “Imperial Preceptor” and head of the Bureau of Tibetan and Buddhist Affairs
+* 吃剌思八斡卽兒: Proper Noun. Gragspa-‘Odzer, the “Imperial Preceptor”
 * 根底: [postposition] “with” “to”
 * 呵: [postposition] … then, if, when etc. (“As” in English)
@@ 127번째 줄: / 127번째 줄: @@
 '''皇慶元年四月十七日, 中書省奏: 爲僧、道、也里可溫、荅失蠻納稅糧的上頭, 在先省官與宣政院官互相聞奏不一的上頭, 完澤篤皇帝時分羊兒年裏, 完澤丞相等省官、荅失蠻等宣政院官, 吃剌思八斡卽兒帝師根底商量呵, 除亡宋時分舊有常住並奉世祖皇帝聖旨做常住與來的地土外, 其餘歸附之後諸人捨施、或典買來的、一切影占的, 依舊納稅糧者, 麽道奏過定體了來.''' 後頭宣政院官, 曲律皇帝時分休敎納稅者, 麽道奏了的上頭, 省官人每依着羊兒年裏定擬了的體例交納者, 麽道又奏過敎行了來. 去年也奏來. 如今江浙省官人每俺根底說將來, 僧人每休敎納稅者, 麽道宣政院官奏了, 與了執把聖旨懿旨有, 怎生呵是, 麽道說將來有. 俺商量來, 種田納地稅, 做買賣納商稅, 的是成吉思皇帝聖旨有. 如今依着羊兒年省官宣政院官帝師根底商量着行來的體例裏敎行, 與了的執把聖旨懿旨敎拘收了. 必闍赤官人每根底說了, 今後與聖旨懿旨呵, 除亡宋時分有的並奉世祖皇帝聖旨做常住與來的外, 其餘的依體例敎納稅糧, 明白敎寫與呵, 怎生？奏呵, 那般者. 依先例敎行者. 麽道聖旨了也. 欽此.
 ==Text 4. ''Yuandianzhang'' 元典章 no.2 ==

@@ 26번째 줄: / 26번째 줄: @@
 ===== Reference Materials =====
-Link to Translation by Damba. For our text, focus on pp. 167-168
+[https://www.dropbox.com/s/usth4kqv5whcgwl/Franke__Tan-pa%2C%20a%20Tibetan%20Lama%20at%20the%20court%20of%20the%20Great%20Khan.pdf?raw=1 Link to Translation on Damba]. For our text, focus on pp. 167-168
-Link to the YDZ resources (originally from the YDZ Jerusalem reading group, 2014-2015)
+[https://www.dropbox.com/sh/yg0btg791wnrr9z/AACsK2YnqdX-005G1HNMe4CPa?dl=0 Link to the YDZ resources] (originally from the YDZ Jerusalem reading group, 2014-2015)
 == Text 1. ''Yuandianzhang'' 元典章 no.1 ==

@@ 10번째 줄: / 10번째 줄: @@
 [https://www.dropbox.com/s/m9tyr1qkzjltri4/Birge%2C%202017%2C%20Marriage%20and%20the%20Law%20in%20the%20Age%20of%20Khubilai%20Khan%20%3B%20Cases%20from%20the%20Yuan%20Dianzhang_for_clean_up.pdf?raw=1 Download here] (read pp. 58-77 for our class, but feel free to read more.)
 Yuanshi vs Yuandianzhang
@@ 23번째 줄: / 24번째 줄: @@
 The memorial was received, and [the Emperor ordered] the Central Secretariat [to do the following]
 "Reviewing the regulations based on the past edicts of Chinggis Khan and Ögedei Khan, if the Buddhist monks, Daoist clergy, Christian priests, Muslim clergy, and Confucian scholars cultivate land they must pay land tax, and if they are involved in commercial activities, they must pay commercial tax...”
 == Text 1. ''Yuandianzhang'' 元典章 no.1 ==
@@ 139번째 줄: / 147번째 줄: @@
 [一] 和尚,也里可溫,先生,荅失蠻, 買賣不須納稅, 卻不得將合納稅之人等物貨, 妄作已物夾帶影蔽違者, 取問是實, 犯人斷罪, 物貨沒官. 其店肆,塌房,客旅,停塌,物貨, 依例銷報納稅.</big></big>
-== Reference and Further Reading ==
+== Further Reading ==
 Christopher P. Atwood, “Buddhists as Natives: Changing Positions in the Religious Ecology of the Mongol Yuan Dynasty,” in The Middle Kingdom and the Dharma Wheel: aspects of the relationship between the Buddhist Saṃgha and the state in Chinese history, ed. Thomas Jülch (Leiden: Brill, 2016), 278–321;
@@ 146번째 줄: / 154번째 줄: @@
 Wonhee Cho, “Negotiated Privilege: Strategic Tax Exemptions Policies for Religious Groups and the Mongol-Yuan Dynasty in 13th Century China,” Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient, (Forthcoming, 2020)
 [[Category:2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop]]
 [[Category:Advanced Translation Group]]

@@ 20번째 줄: / 20번째 줄: @@
 On the first month of the fifth year of the Zhongtong period, [the officials of] the Central Secretariat submitted the following memorial.
-“In the time of Chinggis Khan, if anyone cultivated land they had to pay the land tax. In addition, as  Buddhist monks, Daoist clergy, Christian priests, and Muslim clergy had to pay land tax if they cultivated land and to pay commercial tax if they were involved in commercial activities, they were still exempted from all labor services. This policy was well enforced during the times of Ögedei Khan. However, since the times of Güyüg Khan till now, Buddhist monks, Daoist clergy, Christian priests, and Muslim clergy have not paid land and commercial taxes. Why is is so? In accordance with the past precedences, we must collect tax from them.
+“In the time of Chinggis Khan, if anyone cultivated land they had to pay the land tax. In addition, Buddhist monks, Daoist clergy, Christian priests, and Muslim clergy had to pay land tax if they cultivated land and to pay commercial tax if they were involved in commercial activities, they were still exempted from all labor services. This policy was well enforced during the times of Ögedei Khan. However, since the times of Güyüg Khan till now, Buddhist monks, Daoist clergy, Christian priests, and Muslim clergy have not paid land and commercial taxes. Why is is so? In accordance with the past precedences, we must collect tax from them.
 The memorial was received, and [the Emperor ordered] the Central Secretariat [to do the following]
 "Reviewing the regulations based on the past edicts of Chinggis Khan and Ögedei Khan, if the Buddhist monks, Daoist clergy, Christian priests, Muslim clergy, and Confucian scholars cultivate land they must pay land tax, and if they are involved in commercial activities, they must pay commercial tax...”

← 이전 판		2019년 7월 16일 (화) 22:15 판
10번째 줄:		10번째 줄:
	[https://www.dropbox.com/s/m9tyr1qkzjltri4/Birge%2C%202017%2C%20Marriage%20and%20the%20Law%20in%20the%20Age%20of%20Khubilai%20Khan%20%3B%20Cases%20from%20the%20Yuan%20Dianzhang_for_clean_up.pdf?raw=1 Download here] (read pp. 58-77 for our class, but feel free to read more.)		[https://www.dropbox.com/s/m9tyr1qkzjltri4/Birge%2C%202017%2C%20Marriage%20and%20the%20Law%20in%20the%20Age%20of%20Khubilai%20Khan%20%3B%20Cases%20from%20the%20Yuan%20Dianzhang_for_clean_up.pdf?raw=1 Download here] (read pp. 58-77 for our class, but feel free to read more.)

		+	Yuanshi vs Yuandianzhang
		+
		+	Yuanshi, 5: 95:
		+	至元元年春正月... 癸卯, 儒,釋,道,也里可溫,達失蠻等戶, 舊免租稅, 今並徵之.
		+	On the first month of the first year of the Zhiyuan period, guimao, the households of the Confucians, Buddhists, Christians, and Muslims who had previously been exempt from taxation (or, land tax and commercial tax?) will now be subject to taxation.
		+
		+	Yuandianzhang, 24: 1a,
		+	中統五年正月, 中書省奏: 已前成吉思皇帝時, 不以是何諸色人等, 但種田者, 依例出納地稅外, 據僧,道,也里可溫,荅失蠻, 種田出納地稅, 買賣出納商稅, 其餘差役蠲免有來. 在後, 合罕皇帝聖旨裏, 也教這般行來. 自貴由皇帝至今, 僧,道,也里可溫,荅失蠻, 地稅,商稅不曾出納, 合無.依臼徵納事.｣准奏今仰中書省, 照依成吉思皇帝聖旨体例, 僧,道,也里可溫,荅失蠻,儒人種田者出納地稅, 白地每畝三升, 水地每畝五升, 買賣出納商稅”
		+
		+	On the first month of the fifth year of the Zhongtong period, [the officials of] the Central Secretariat submitted the following memorial.
		+	“In the time of Chinggis Khan, if anyone cultivated land they had to pay the land tax. In addition, as Buddhist monks, Daoist clergy, Christian priests, and Muslim clergy had to pay land tax if they cultivated land and to pay commercial tax if they were involved in commercial activities, they were still exempted from all labor services. This policy was well enforced during the times of Ögedei Khan. However, since the times of Güyüg Khan till now, Buddhist monks, Daoist clergy, Christian priests, and Muslim clergy have not paid land and commercial taxes. Why is is so? In accordance with the past precedences, we must collect tax from them.
		+	The memorial was received, and [the Emperor ordered] the Central Secretariat [to do the following]
		+	"Reviewing the regulations based on the past edicts of Chinggis Khan and Ögedei Khan, if the Buddhist monks, Daoist clergy, Christian priests, Muslim clergy, and Confucian scholars cultivate land they must pay land tax, and if they are involved in commercial activities, they must pay commercial tax...”

	== Text 1. ''Yuandianzhang'' 元典章 no.1 ==		== Text 1. ''Yuandianzhang'' 元典章 no.1 ==

← 이전 판		2019년 7월 16일 (화) 16:00 판
133번째 줄:		133번째 줄:

	Wonhee Cho, “Negotiated Privilege: Strategic Tax Exemptions Policies for Religious Groups and the Mongol-Yuan Dynasty in 13th Century China,” Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient, (Forthcoming, 2020)		Wonhee Cho, “Negotiated Privilege: Strategic Tax Exemptions Policies for Religious Groups and the Mongol-Yuan Dynasty in 13th Century China,” Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient, (Forthcoming, 2020)
		+
		+
		+	[[Category:2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop]]
		+	[[Category:Advanced Translation Group]]

@@ 70번째 줄: / 70번째 줄: @@
 * What is Danba's main argument/request in this text?
 * What is his argument based on, and how did he accomplish this?
 == Text 3. ''Dayuan tongzhi tiaoge'' 大元通制條格 ==
@@ 107번째 줄: / 108번째 줄: @@
 '''皇慶元年四月十七日, 中書省奏: 爲僧、道、也里可溫、荅失蠻納稅糧的上頭, 在先省官與宣政院官互相聞奏不一的上頭, 完澤篤皇帝時分羊兒年裏, 完澤丞相等省官、荅失蠻等宣政院官, 吃剌思八斡卽兒帝師根底商量呵, 除亡宋時分舊有常住並奉世祖皇帝聖旨做常住與來的地土外, 其餘歸附之後諸人捨施、或典買來的、一切影占的, 依舊納稅糧者, 麽道奏過定體了來.''' 後頭宣政院官, 曲律皇帝時分休敎納稅者, 麽道奏了的上頭, 省官人每依着羊兒年裏定擬了的體例交納者, 麽道又奏過敎行了來. 去年也奏來. 如今江浙省官人每俺根底說將來, 僧人每休敎納稅者, 麽道宣政院官奏了, 與了執把聖旨懿旨有, 怎生呵是, 麽道說將來有. 俺商量來, 種田納地稅, 做買賣納商稅, 的是成吉思皇帝聖旨有. 如今依着羊兒年省官宣政院官帝師根底商量着行來的體例裏敎行, 與了的執把聖旨懿旨敎拘收了. 必闍赤官人每根底說了, 今後與聖旨懿旨呵, 除亡宋時分有的並奉世祖皇帝聖旨做常住與來的外, 其餘的依體例敎納稅糧, 明白敎寫與呵, 怎生？奏呵, 那般者. 依先例敎行者. 麽道聖旨了也. 欽此.
 ==Text 4. ''Yuandianzhang'' 元典章 no.2 ==