(Translation) 李濟開國功臣敎書 - 편집 역사

2022년 6월 14일 (화) 10:40에 Jaeyoon.song님의 편집

2022-06-14T10:40:28Z

2022년 2월 21일 (월) 16:03에 Jaeyoon.song님의 편집

2022-02-21T16:03:29Z

2022년 2월 14일 (월) 14:45에 Lotus님의 편집

2022-02-14T14:45:14Z

Jaeyoon.song: /* Discussion Questions */

2019-06-17T02:10:36Z

‎Discussion Questions

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2019-06-17T01:28:18Z

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2019-06-17T01:27:10Z

‎Original Script

2019년 6월 17일 (월) 01:24에 Jaeyoon.song님의 편집

2019-06-17T01:24:36Z

Jaeyoon.song: /* Original Script */

2019-06-17T01:09:46Z

‎Original Script

Jaeyoon.song: /* Original Script */

2019-06-17T01:01:17Z

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Jaeyoon.song: /* Original Script */

2019-06-17T00:43:14Z

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← 이전 판		2022년 6월 14일 (화) 10:40 판
18번째 줄:		18번째 줄:

	=='''Introduction'''==		=='''Introduction'''==
−	In the tenth month of 1392, this document ~~entitled~~ Yi Je(李濟, Yi Je) as the First Rank Meritorious Minister of the Chosŏn Founding. Those who participated in Yi Sŏnggye's (Yi Seonggye, 李成桂, posthumously known as King T'aejo 太祖) overthrow of the Koryŏ (高麗,Goryeo) were recognized for their contributions with the honorable title, the Meritorious Minister of the Chosŏn founding In eighth month of the same year, Yi Sŏnggye installed the Directorate of Meritorious Ministers (功臣都監) for the registration of meritorious ministers. Due to political struggle, the list of meritorious ministers changed a few times; the final list included thirty-nine ministers. This is the only surviving document among King T'aejo's royal instructions issued to thirty-nine ministers. Interestingly, the royal seal of Koryŏ King was used in this document. At this point, the name of the newly founded state was still undetermined. King T'aejo's court was yet to be endorsed by the Ming court. For this reason, the newly founded state still used the royal seal of the Koryŏ dynasty it had just overthrown.	+	In the tenth month of 1392, this document appointed Yi Je(李濟, Yi Je) as the First Rank Meritorious Minister of the Chosŏn Founding. Those who participated in Yi Sŏnggye's (Yi Seonggye, 李成桂, posthumously known as King T'aejo 太祖) overthrow of the Koryŏ (高麗,Goryeo) were recognized for their contributions with the honorable title, the Meritorious Minister of the Chosŏn founding. In the eighth month of the same year, Yi Sŏnggye installed the Directorate of Meritorious Ministers (功臣都監) for the registration of meritorious ministers. Due to political struggle, the list of meritorious ministers changed a few times; the final list included thirty-nine ministers. This is the only surviving document among King T'aejo's royal instructions issued to thirty-nine ministers. Interestingly, the royal seal of Koryŏ King was used in this document. At this point, the name of the newly founded state was still undetermined. King T'aejo's court was yet to be endorsed by the Ming court. For this reason, the newly founded state still used the royal seal of the Koryŏ dynasty it had just overthrown.

← 이전 판		2022년 2월 21일 (월) 16:03 판
122번째 줄:		122번째 줄:

	Although you are still young in age, you have already had the virtue of a consummated man. Although your title and position are high, you still have the mind of modesty and respectfulness.		Although you are still young in age, you have already had the virtue of a consummated man. Although your title and position are high, you still have the mind of modesty and respectfulness.
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−	~~<revision paused here>~~
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 [[Category:2018 Hanmun Summer Workshop]]
 [[Category:Advanced Translation Group]]

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 =='''Discussion Questions'''==
-# How does Yi Seonggye justify his takeover?
+# How does Yi Seonggye justify his takeover? Why, according to Yi Seonggye, did the Goryeo dynasty have to collapse?
-# According to Yi, Why did the Goryeo dynasty have to collapse?
+# According to this document, what are the purposes of establishing a new dynasty?
 # What can we learn from this document about the actual relationships between the king and his ministers in the Joseon founding?
 # For what specific reasons did Yi Seonggyue award his meritorious ministers?
@@ 156번째 줄: / 155번째 줄: @@
 # Are the references he chooses enough to "impress" this person (e.g. quoting the king Wu of Zhou who only lasted 3 years before dying)?
 # How many royal instructions of that sort did the new king send, and for what kind of positions?
 =='''Further Readings'''==

← 이전 판		2019년 6월 17일 (월) 01:28 판
121번째 줄:		121번째 줄:


−	Although you still young in age, you have already had the virtue of a consummated man. Although your title and position are high, you still have the mind of modesty and respectfulness.	+	Although you are still young in age, you have already had the virtue of a consummated man. Although your title and position are high, you still have the mind of modesty and respectfulness.

← 이전 판		2019년 6월 17일 (월) 01:27 판
121번째 줄:		121번째 줄:


−	Although you still young in age, you have already had the virtue of a consummated man. Although your title and position are high, you still have the mind of modesty and respectfulness. Your imposing appearance was sufficient to destroy the guts of enemy. Your confident speech was enough to facilitate the plans of the state. Your spirit of loyalty and righteousness competed with the height of the Autumn atmosphere. Truly it can be said you were born as the fate demands of the time and was of the type of Yi and Lu. As to the last descendants of the Wang family, the heaven hated their character and cut their mandate(life?), yet the false Xin usurped the throne for 16 years. I and several others (?) searched for the descendants to have them administer their ancestral rites.	+	Although you still young in age, you have already had the virtue of a consummated man. Although your title and position are high, you still have the mind of modesty and respectfulness.
		+
		+
		+	<revision paused here>
		+
		+
		+
		+
		+
		+	Your imposing appearance was sufficient to destroy the guts of enemy. Your confident speech was enough to facilitate the plans of the state. Your spirit of loyalty and righteousness competed with the height of the Autumn atmosphere. Truly it can be said you were born as the fate demands of the time and was of the type of Yi and Lu. As to the last descendants of the Wang family, the heaven hated their character and cut their mandate(life?), yet the false Xin usurped the throne for 16 years. I and several others (?) searched for the descendants to have them administer their ancestral rites.

	[However]Just by listening to Heaven, it will not regret what's passed. Just by listening to people, people will not return their mind. People turned their back, and the relatives of the Wang family scattered. The state at this moment fell, and the mandate of Heaven returned to those who have virtue, and people's mind faced toward those with the perfect virtue. Your honor by the exhaustive understanding carefully watched the subtle movement(beginning) of the Heavenly principle and people's desire. With the Left Grand Councilor of the Council of Palace(與門下左侍中) Paegŭngnyŏm(裵克廉, Baegeungnyeom), the Right Grand Councilor of the Council of Palace(門下右侍中) Chojun(趙浚, Jojun) and other ministers, you proclaimed the great righteousness and resolved the doubt in the moment of the royal heir's crisis. You fixed the plans right at the subtle beginning and promoted [the future crown] with loyalty. You edified the family and establish the state. You supported the hidden virtue and revealed the occluded light grasped auspicious fortune and established the great enterprise.		[However]Just by listening to Heaven, it will not regret what's passed. Just by listening to people, people will not return their mind. People turned their back, and the relatives of the Wang family scattered. The state at this moment fell, and the mandate of Heaven returned to those who have virtue, and people's mind faced toward those with the perfect virtue. Your honor by the exhaustive understanding carefully watched the subtle movement(beginning) of the Heavenly principle and people's desire. With the Left Grand Councilor of the Council of Palace(與門下左侍中) Paegŭngnyŏm(裵克廉, Baegeungnyeom), the Right Grand Councilor of the Council of Palace(門下右侍中) Chojun(趙浚, Jojun) and other ministers, you proclaimed the great righteousness and resolved the doubt in the moment of the royal heir's crisis. You fixed the plans right at the subtle beginning and promoted [the future crown] with loyalty. You edified the family and establish the state. You supported the hidden virtue and revealed the occluded light grasped auspicious fortune and established the great enterprise.

← 이전 판		2019년 6월 17일 (월) 01:24 판
121번째 줄:		121번째 줄:


−	~~Despite being~~ young in age, you have a virtue of a ~~mature person~~. ~~Though~~ your title is high, you ~~preserves~~ the mind of respectfulness. Your imposing appearance was sufficient to destroy the guts of enemy. Your confident speech was enough to facilitate the plans of the state. Your spirit of loyalty and righteousness competed with the height of the Autumn atmosphere. Truly it can be said you were born as the fate demands of the time and was of the type of Yi and Lu. As to the last descendants of the Wang family, the heaven hated their character and cut their mandate(life?), yet the false Xin usurped the throne for 16 years. I and several others (?) searched for the descendants to have them administer their ancestral rites.	+	Although you still young in age, you have already had the virtue of a consummated man. Although your title and position are high, you still have the mind of modesty and respectfulness. Your imposing appearance was sufficient to destroy the guts of enemy. Your confident speech was enough to facilitate the plans of the state. Your spirit of loyalty and righteousness competed with the height of the Autumn atmosphere. Truly it can be said you were born as the fate demands of the time and was of the type of Yi and Lu. As to the last descendants of the Wang family, the heaven hated their character and cut their mandate(life?), yet the false Xin usurped the throne for 16 years. I and several others (?) searched for the descendants to have them administer their ancestral rites.

	[However]Just by listening to Heaven, it will not regret what's passed. Just by listening to people, people will not return their mind. People turned their back, and the relatives of the Wang family scattered. The state at this moment fell, and the mandate of Heaven returned to those who have virtue, and people's mind faced toward those with the perfect virtue. Your honor by the exhaustive understanding carefully watched the subtle movement(beginning) of the Heavenly principle and people's desire. With the Left Grand Councilor of the Council of Palace(與門下左侍中) Paegŭngnyŏm(裵克廉, Baegeungnyeom), the Right Grand Councilor of the Council of Palace(門下右侍中) Chojun(趙浚, Jojun) and other ministers, you proclaimed the great righteousness and resolved the doubt in the moment of the royal heir's crisis. You fixed the plans right at the subtle beginning and promoted [the future crown] with loyalty. You edified the family and establish the state. You supported the hidden virtue and revealed the occluded light grasped auspicious fortune and established the great enterprise.		[However]Just by listening to Heaven, it will not regret what's passed. Just by listening to people, people will not return their mind. People turned their back, and the relatives of the Wang family scattered. The state at this moment fell, and the mandate of Heaven returned to those who have virtue, and people's mind faced toward those with the perfect virtue. Your honor by the exhaustive understanding carefully watched the subtle movement(beginning) of the Heavenly principle and people's desire. With the Left Grand Councilor of the Council of Palace(與門下左侍中) Paegŭngnyŏm(裵克廉, Baegeungnyeom), the Right Grand Councilor of the Council of Palace(門下右侍中) Chojun(趙浚, Jojun) and other ministers, you proclaimed the great righteousness and resolved the doubt in the moment of the royal heir's crisis. You fixed the plans right at the subtle beginning and promoted [the future crown] with loyalty. You edified the family and establish the state. You supported the hidden virtue and revealed the occluded light grasped auspicious fortune and established the great enterprise.

← 이전 판		2019년 6월 17일 (월) 01:09 판
118번째 줄:		118번째 줄:


−	Minister, you have embodied the accumulated residues of good deeds, and your family has transmitted the magnificence of ten thousand ''seok'' of grain~~. As you marry your daughter to a house, the couple lived in conjugal harmony. As you are being filial to your parents, the greater family was without trouble~~. As you marry your daughter to a house, the couple lived in conjugal harmony. As you are being filial to your parents, the greater family was without trouble.	+	Minister, you have embodied the accumulated residues of good deeds, and your family has transmitted the magnificence of ten thousand ''seok'' of grain. As you marry your daughter to a house, the couple lived in conjugal harmony. As you are being filial to your parents, the greater family was without trouble.

← 이전 판		2019년 6월 17일 (월) 01:01 판
118번째 줄:		118번째 줄:


−	~~The effect~~ of ~~accumulated goodness repeatedly made~~ good ~~occasions~~, and ~~the~~ family ~~continued~~ the ~~beauty~~ of ten ~~thousands~~ grain ~~packs~~. As you marry your daughter to a house, the couple lived in conjugal harmony. As you are being filial to your parents, the greater family was without trouble.	+	Minister, you have embodied the accumulated residues of good deeds, and your family has transmitted the magnificence of ten thousand ''seok'' of grain. As you marry your daughter to a house, the couple lived in conjugal harmony. As you are being filial to your parents, the greater family was without trouble. As you marry your daughter to a house, the couple lived in conjugal harmony. As you are being filial to your parents, the greater family was without trouble.

@@ 110번째 줄: / 110번째 줄: @@
 ||
 Instruction for Yi Je, the Faithful Left Honor Meritorious Minister of the Dynastic Founding , the Prince Hŭngan (興安 Heungan), the Ŭihŭng (義興 Uiheung) Commander of Royal Guard and the Preceptor of the Crown Prince.
 From the ancient times, a new ruler launched a political revolution [lit. shifted the heaven's mandate] just by responding to the heaven's [call] and following the people.<ref> This statement is from Tuan 彖 Commentary on the Ge 革 Hexagram in the Book of Change《易·革·彖辭》“湯武革命，順乎天而應乎人”</ref> At the time, among the people, there always were great persons who aided such a ruler. For example, when Kings Tang and Wu acted from above, Yi Yin (1649-1550 BC) and Lü Shang (Ca. 1156—1017 BC) responded from below.<ref>Yi Yin was one of the meritorious ministers who helped King Tang to found the Shang dynasty. Lü Shang (better known as Jiang Taigong 姜太公) was a military strategist and meritorious minister in the Zhou founding.</ref> (They) restored order in the world [lit. set aright heaven and earth]<ref> From the Song (960-1279) poet Wang Zao's stanza (宋·汪藻《退老堂》詩之一)：“心如金石氣如虹，整頓乾坤指顧中。”</ref> and supported the sun and the moon. Their heroic spirits and their great enterprises have shined forth ever so brightly throughout ages that they could not be hidden from view.
 Minister, your heaven-endowed character is pure and balanced, and you have nurtured your mind with respect and prudence.<ref>"''bingxin''" is cited from the Book of Poetry(君子秉心《诗·小雅·小弁》)</ref> . You have nourished [the good human] heart with removing [the selfish] desires, and held on to the right so as to keep your integrity. In your childhood, you follow [the instructions on] the right ways of conduct. As an adult, you have never developed the habits of luxury and corruption.
@@ 117번째 줄: / 119번째 줄: @@
 The effect of accumulated goodness repeatedly made good occasions, and the family continued the beauty of ten thousands grain packs. As you marry your daughter to a house, the couple lived in conjugal harmony. As you are being filial to your parents, the greater family was without trouble.
 Despite being young in age, you have a virtue of a mature person. Though your title is high, you preserves the mind of respectfulness. Your imposing appearance was sufficient to destroy the guts of enemy. Your confident speech was enough to facilitate the plans of the state. Your spirit of loyalty and righteousness competed with the height of the Autumn atmosphere. Truly it can be said you were born as the fate demands of the time and was of the type of Yi and Lu. As to the last descendants of the Wang family, the heaven hated their character and cut their mandate(life?), yet the false Xin usurped the throne for 16 years. I and several others (?) searched for the descendants to have them administer their ancestral rites.