http://dh.aks.ac.kr/jsg/api.php?action=feedcontributions&feedformat=atom&user=Q장서각위키 - 사용자 기여 [ko]2026-05-16T05:04:26Z사용자 기여MediaWiki 1.27.1http://dh.aks.ac.kr/jsg/index.php?title=(Translation)_1543%E5%B9%B4_%E6%9D%8E%E5%BD%A6%E8%BF%AA%E8%AB%AD%E6%9B%B8&diff=19335(Translation) 1543年 李彦迪諭書2019-07-18T05:57:13Z<p>Q: /* Introduction */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Primary Source Document3<br />
|Image = 1543년이언적유서.jpg<br />
|English = <br />
|Chinese = 1543年 李彦迪 諭書<br />
|Korean = 1543년 이언적 유서(''Yi Eonjeok Yuseo'')<br />
|Genre = [[Royal Court Documents]]<br />
|Type = Instructions<br />
|Author = 國王:中宗<br />
|Source = [http://archive.aks.ac.kr/Inspection/insDirView.aspx?dataUCI=G002+AKS+KSM-XA.1543.1111-20101008.B043a_065_00011_XXX Old Documents and Sources (한국고문서자료관)]<br />
|Year = 1543<br />
|Key Concepts= <br />
|Translator = [[2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop (Advanced)#Participants | Participants of 2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop (Advanced Translation Group)]]<br />
|Editor = <br />
|Translation Year = 2019<br />
}}<br />
[[File:Backward.png|right|40px|link=2019_JSG_Summer_Hanmun_Workshop_(Advanced)#.282019.29Primary_Sources_for_Korean_Studies]]<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''Introduction'''==<br />
Yi Ŏnchŏk (RR: Yi Eonjeok, 1491 - 1553) was a Confucian scholar during the Chosŏn (Joseon) dynasty. He is considered a pioneer in the process of establishing Neo-Confucianism of Chosŏn. Although he was never a student of Yi Ŏnchŏk, T'oegye Yi Hwang (Toegye Yi Hwang), one of the two most prominent Confucian scholars of Chosŏn, is known to have referred to Yi Ŏnchŏk as one of the sages of the East.<ref>http://encykorea.aks.ac.kr/Contents/SearchNavi?keyword=%EC%9D%B4%EC%96%B8%EC%A0%81&ridx=0&tot=46</ref><ref>https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9D%B4%EC%96%B8%EC%A0%81</ref><br />
<br />
Yusŏ (Yuseo), the "document of [King's] instructions," was one of the two documents—kyosŏ (Gyoseo), the "document of appointment," being the other—issued to the officials with military command at the time of their appointment. Originally—dating back to Koryŏ (Goryeo)—, it functioned as the means of authenticating the orders of military deployment. However, as time went on, it acquired other functions such as transmitting the names of officials to be rewarded based on previously filed reports or a royal directive intended for lower officials and commoners. <ref>Noh In Hwan 노인환. "Document Administration and Implementation of Gyoseo(敎書) and Yuseo(諭書) Issued to Provincial Governors in the Joseon Dynasty" 조선시대 관찰사(觀察使) 교서(敎書)와 유서(諭書)의 문서 행정과 운용. The Journal of Korean Historical Manuscripts 48:287-313, DOI:10.21027/manusc.2016.48..010.</ref><ref>http://sillok.history.go.kr/id/kka_13807024_002</ref><ref>http://encykorea.aks.ac.kr/Contents/SearchNavi?keyword=%EC%9C%A0%EC%84%9C&ridx=1&tot=86</ref><ref>http://dh.aks.ac.kr/sillokwiki/index.php/%EC%9C%A0%EC%84%9C(%E8%AB%AD%E6%9B%B8)</ref><br />
<br />
=='''Original Script'''==<br />
<br />
{|class="wikitable" style="width:80%; font-size:110%; color:#002080; background-color:#ffffff;"<br />
!style="width:50%;"|Classical Chinese || style="width:50%;"| English <br />
|-<br />
|<br />
▣…▣ <br />
<br />
荐臻專城或存於▣▣ <br />
赤子未蒙其實澤<br />
脫有▣(緩)急, 將何措, <br />
宜益軫, 予懷其惟重臣<br />
惟卿, 德涵內外, 學造精微, 敦大而高明, <br />
方嚴而簡默, <br />
處論思之地, 嘉猷累陳, 作親民之官, 善政素著, <br />
允釐庶績, 方參廟謨, <br />
<br />
今授卿以本道觀察使兼兵馬水軍節度使<br />
卿其體予倚任<br />
專推卿孝友之政<br />
課農桑以衣食吾民<br />
明敎化以作新斯民<br />
秉大公而嚴黜陟<br />
揭至明而別情僞<br />
剸裁盤錯<br />
伸理冤枉, 罪關大憂, <br />
錄狀啓稟官 <br />
堂上斷以卿衷<br />
故玆敎示<br />
想宜知悉<br />
<br />
嘉靖▣…▣八月初十日<br />
<br />
<br />
||<br />
If those successive magistrates involve in..., common people would not receive the real benefits of governance. <br />
<br />
Confronted with sudden and urgent situations, how would we handle them? <br />
<br />
In my growing concern over these matters, I can only think of one important minister, which is you.<br />
<br />
You embody virtue within and without.<br />
<br />
In learning, you have reached at high levels of profundity and delicacy. <br />
<br />
You are great and brilliant.<br />
<br />
You are upright and solemn, and, at the same time, simple and quiet.<br />
<br />
When posited in situations of discussing your ideas, you have repeatedly laid out excellent plans for governance.<br />
<br />
Being an official of renewing the people, your good governance has always been outstanding.<br />
<br />
You have governed many tasks so sincerely and participated in the discussion in the court.<br />
<br />
As I now appoint you as Governor of Kyŏngsang (Gyeongsang) Province as well as its Navy Commissioner, you must attend to the mission that I assign to you; devote yourself to extending the governance of filial piety and friendship; feed and clothe My people by encouraging farming and sericulture; enlighten, thereby renewing them.<br />
<br />
Holding on to the great fairness, you must be strict in promotion and expulsion.<br />
<br />
Lifting the supreme intelligence, you must differentiate what is right and wrong.<br />
<br />
Cutting out the entangled issues, you must relieve the unresolved grievances.<br />
<br />
If the crimes should raise grave concerns, you should report them to the office.<br />
<br />
If the rank of the accused is not as high as the ministers of 3a, you may make a judgment based on your faithfulness.<br />
<br />
I, the King, hereby instruct you thus, and you should consider and remember all My instructions.<br />
<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=='''Discussion Questions'''==<br />
# Why do you think the king praises the minister so effusively before assigning him as governor?<br />
# What are the roles and responsibilities of governors as defined by the king? How do those roles fit with your general understanding of Confucian values?<br />
# Among the roles and responsibilities assigned to governor,what are the most important task?<br />
# According to this document, how did the governor relate to the central government? What does this document show as to relations between the central and regional governments?<br />
# What is the relationship between the central government and local officials in the 16th century Joseon? How did they operate with each other?<br />
# Yi Ŏnchŏk was appointed to be an official in Kyŏnggi Province, the province that shared great proximity with the capital. How did this fact change the emphasize of what Yi was expected to do in his post? Compared to officials who were appointed to different areas in the country, how was Yi's post different than, say, its counterparts in the Northern provinces?<br />
# Under which circumstances this order could be declined (e.g., a disease, an ill father or son to take care of)? <br />
# How would a minister notify it (through which means, which institution)? <br />
# What would be the possible sanctions towards a minister refusing to obey this kind of order although he has reasons to?<br />
# What were the duties of Surveillance Commissioner (觀察使) and Military Commissioner (節度使)? <br />
# What were the qualities that the king was looking for when appointing someone to these posts? <br />
# How important were these posts to local governance?<br />
# Could the contemporaries misinterpret these documents? In the case of 脫, it could be misread as "貺," which could change the meaning of the sentence...<br />
# Are there any examples of appointments being made without the use of such flattering language?<br />
# What was the process of appointing officials to their posts? Did the officials themselves have any say in the matter?<br />
# How significant was this post assigned to I Ŏnchŏk?<br />
# Define 'good governance'. What benefits to the common people was it supposed to bring? Was this realized?<br />
<br />
=='''Further Readings'''==<br />
<!--<br />
<div style="color:#008080;"><br />
* View together with '''~~'''.<br />
</div><br />
--><br />
*<br />
*<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''References'''==<br />
<references/><br />
《書·堯典》：“允釐百工，庶績咸熙。”<br />
<br />
=='''Translation'''==<br />
<br />
==='''(sample) : Jaeyoon Song'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
11. 罪關大憂, 錄狀啓稟官 堂上斷以卿衷, 故玆敎示 想宜知悉 <br />
If the crimes should raise grave concerns, you should report to the office, and the high ministers (ranking 3a and above) will make a judgment based on your faithful report. I, the king, hereby instruct you thus, and you should consider and remember all my instructions.<br />
<br />
Question: Why do you think the king praises the minister so effusively before assigning him as governor? <br />
<br />
Question: What are the roles and responsibilities of governors as defined by the king? How do those roles fit with your general understanding of Confucian values? <br />
<br />
Question: Among the roles and responsibilities assigned to governor,what are the most important task? <br />
<br />
Question: According to this document, how did the governor relate to the central government? What does this document show as to relations between the central and regional governments?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 1 : Yishu Ma'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
What is the relationship between the central government and local officials in the 16th century Joseon? How did they operate with each other? <br />
<br />
荐臻專城或存於▣▣赤子未蒙其實澤<br />
<br />
Translation: <br />
Successive local officials might be ...<br />
Common people have not yet received the real benefits [of governance].<br />
<br />
==='''Student 2 : Samuel Sai Hay Chan 陳世熙 진세희'''===<br />
----<br />
脫有▣(緩)急將何措宜益軫予懷其惟重臣 <br />
<br />
As to a sudden and urgent situation, what to do with it? One ought to handle it with measured deliberations. I can only think of one right minister [who is qualified to take up such task].<br />
<br />
Translator's note:<br />
<br />
1. The meaning of 脫有緩急 is evading for a modern reader. But it is apparently a very common idiom during the Choson dynasty. A search in the Veritable Records of the Choson Dynasty (조선왕조실록) yields 283 results. From my brief survey, the idiom seemingly refers to a sudden and urgent situation.<br />
<br />
Example: <br />
태종실록 14권, 태종 7년 7월 27일 戊寅 2번째기사 開雲浦至甘北浦水路五息, 陸路四息, 脫有緩急, 難以相救。 <br />
<br />
세종실록 88권, 세종 22년 3월 1일 癸卯 3번째기사 今聞高興新鎭, 置於隔海之地三十餘里, 脫有緩急, 人民被虜可慮。<br />
<br />
광해군일기[중초본] 7권, 광해 1년 6월 8일 丁巳 3번째기사 近因南邊稍靜, 人之視舟師若筌然, 減損兩湖入防之船, 只存本道船二十餘隻。 其勢將至於停罷, 脫有緩急, 將何以應敵乎?<br />
<br />
2. The document used a historical variation of the word "脫." For more, see 中華民國教育部 異體字字典 http://dict2.variants.moe.edu.tw/yitia/fra/fra03334.htm<br />
<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
I Ŏnchŏk was appointed to be an official in Kyŏnggi Province, the province that shared great proximity with the capital. How did this fact change the emphasize of what Yi was expected to do in his post? Compared to officials who were appointed to different areas in the country, how was Yi's post different than, say, its counterparts in the Northern provinces?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 3 : Younès M'Ghari'''===<br />
----<br />
惟卿 德涵內外 學造精微 敦大而高明 方嚴而簡默 <br />
<br />
Only you, minister, are embodied with virtue inside and outside. Your knowledge is profound and subtle. You are great and brilliant. You are upright and solemn, and [in the same time] simple and quiet.<br />
<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
Under which circumstances this order could be declined (e.g., a disease, an ill father or son to take care of)? How would a minister notify it (through which means, which institution)? What would be the possible sanctions towards a minister refusing to obey this kind of order although he has reasons to?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 4 : King Kwong Wong'''===<br />
----<br />
處論思之地 嘉猷累陳 作親民之官, 善政素著 <br />
When posited in situations of discussing your ideas, you repeatedly lay out excellent plans for governance. Being an official of renewing people, your good governance is always outstanding.<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
What were the duties of Surveillance Commissioner (觀察使) and Military Commissioner (節度使)? What were the qualities that the king was looking for when appointing someone to these posts? How important were these posts to local governance?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 5 : 신동조'''===<br />
----<br />
允釐庶績 方參廟謨 <br />
<br />
You have governed many tasks so sincerely that you can now participate in the discussion of the court.<br />
<br />
Discussion Questions: Could the contemporaries misinterpret these documents? In the case of 脫, it could be misread as "貺," which could change the meaning of the sentence...<br />
<br />
==='''Student 6 : Stacey Lui'''===<br />
----<br />
卿其體予倚任 專推卿孝友之政<br />
<br />
I deeply trust your character. Now you should devote yourself to extending the governance of filial piety and friendship.<br />
<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
Are there any examples of appointments being made without the use of such flattering language?<br />
<br />
What was the process of appointing officials to their posts? Did the officials themselves have any say in the matter? <br />
<br />
How significant was this post assigned to I Ŏnchŏk?<br />
<br />
Define 'good governance'. What benefits to the common people was it supposed to bring? Was this realised?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 7 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
課農桑以衣食吾民<br />
<br />
Study farming and sericulture to feed and clothe our people.<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 8 : Q'''===<br />
----<br />
明敎化以作新斯民<br />
<br />
Let moral suasion shine so as to renew this people of ours.<br />
<br />
作新斯民 as verb 作 + object 新斯民, which can also be thought of as verb 新 + object 斯民, can be seen [http://sillok.history.go.kr/main/main.do here].<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
How did the people of Choson court reconcile the abstract language, of which this is an example, and the possible implications regarding various issues mentioned in the process of applying them?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 9 : Yeonjae Ra'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
秉大公而嚴黜陟<br />
Hold onto the great fairness, and be strict to promotion and expel. <br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 10 : (Kanghun Ahn)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
揭至明而別情僞剸裁盤錯伸理冤枉<br />
<br />
Lifting up the supreme luminosity (intelligence), in order to differentiate what is right and wrong, cutting out the entangled issues, and relieving the unresolved grievances<br />
<br />
==='''Student 11 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 12 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 13 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 14 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop]]<br />
[[Category:Advanced Translation Group]]</div>Qhttp://dh.aks.ac.kr/jsg/index.php?title=(Translation)_1543%E5%B9%B4_%E6%9D%8E%E5%BD%A6%E8%BF%AA%E8%AB%AD%E6%9B%B8&diff=19334(Translation) 1543年 李彦迪諭書2019-07-18T05:54:51Z<p>Q: /* Introduction */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Primary Source Document3<br />
|Image = 1543년이언적유서.jpg<br />
|English = <br />
|Chinese = 1543年 李彦迪 諭書<br />
|Korean = 1543년 이언적 유서(''Yi Eonjeok Yuseo'')<br />
|Genre = [[Royal Court Documents]]<br />
|Type = Instructions<br />
|Author = 國王:中宗<br />
|Source = [http://archive.aks.ac.kr/Inspection/insDirView.aspx?dataUCI=G002+AKS+KSM-XA.1543.1111-20101008.B043a_065_00011_XXX Old Documents and Sources (한국고문서자료관)]<br />
|Year = 1543<br />
|Key Concepts= <br />
|Translator = [[2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop (Advanced)#Participants | Participants of 2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop (Advanced Translation Group)]]<br />
|Editor = <br />
|Translation Year = 2019<br />
}}<br />
[[File:Backward.png|right|40px|link=2019_JSG_Summer_Hanmun_Workshop_(Advanced)#.282019.29Primary_Sources_for_Korean_Studies]]<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''Introduction'''==<br />
Yi Ŏnchŏk (RR: Yi Eonjeok, 1491 - 1553) was a Confucian scholar during the Chosŏn (Joseon) dynasty. He is considered a pioneer in the process of establishing Neo-Confucianism of Chosŏn. Although he was never a student of Yi Ŏnchŏk, T'oegye Yi Hwang (Toegye Yi Hwang), one of the two most prominent Confucian scholars of Chosŏn, is known to have referred to Yi Ŏnchŏk as one of the sages of the East.<ref>http://encykorea.aks.ac.kr/Contents/SearchNavi?keyword=%EC%9D%B4%EC%96%B8%EC%A0%81&ridx=0&tot=46</ref><ref>https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9D%B4%EC%96%B8%EC%A0%81</ref><br />
<br />
Yusŏ (Yuseo), the "document of [King's] instructions," was one of the two documents—kyosŏ (Gyoseo), the "document of appointment," being the other—issued to the officials with military command at the time of their appointment. Originally—dating back to Koryŏ (Goryeo)—, it functioned as the means of authenticating the orders of military deployment. However, as time went on, it acquired other functions such as transmitting the names of officials to be rewarded based on previously filed reports or a royal directive intended for lower officials and commoners. <ref>Noh In Hwan 노인환. "Document Administration and Implementation of Gyoseo(敎書) and Yuseo(諭書) Issued to Provincial Governors in the Joseon Dynasty" 조선시대 관찰사(觀察使) 교서(敎書)와 유서(諭書)의 문서 행정과 운용. The Journal of Korean Historical Manuscripts 48:287-313. DOI:10.21027/manusc.2016.48..010</ref><ref>http://sillok.history.go.kr/id/kka_13807024_002</ref><ref>http://encykorea.aks.ac.kr/Contents/SearchNavi?keyword=%EC%9C%A0%EC%84%9C&ridx=1&tot=86</ref><ref>http://dh.aks.ac.kr/sillokwiki/index.php/%EC%9C%A0%EC%84%9C(%E8%AB%AD%E6%9B%B8)</ref><br />
<br />
=='''Original Script'''==<br />
<br />
{|class="wikitable" style="width:80%; font-size:110%; color:#002080; background-color:#ffffff;"<br />
!style="width:50%;"|Classical Chinese || style="width:50%;"| English <br />
|-<br />
|<br />
▣…▣ <br />
<br />
荐臻專城或存於▣▣ <br />
赤子未蒙其實澤<br />
脫有▣(緩)急, 將何措, <br />
宜益軫, 予懷其惟重臣<br />
惟卿, 德涵內外, 學造精微, 敦大而高明, <br />
方嚴而簡默, <br />
處論思之地, 嘉猷累陳, 作親民之官, 善政素著, <br />
允釐庶績, 方參廟謨, <br />
<br />
今授卿以本道觀察使兼兵馬水軍節度使<br />
卿其體予倚任<br />
專推卿孝友之政<br />
課農桑以衣食吾民<br />
明敎化以作新斯民<br />
秉大公而嚴黜陟<br />
揭至明而別情僞<br />
剸裁盤錯<br />
伸理冤枉, 罪關大憂, <br />
錄狀啓稟官 <br />
堂上斷以卿衷<br />
故玆敎示<br />
想宜知悉<br />
<br />
嘉靖▣…▣八月初十日<br />
<br />
<br />
||<br />
If those successive magistrates involve in..., common people would not receive the real benefits of governance. <br />
<br />
Confronted with sudden and urgent situations, how would we handle them? <br />
<br />
In my growing concern over these matters, I can only think of one important minister, which is you.<br />
<br />
You embody virtue within and without.<br />
<br />
In learning, you have reached at high levels of profundity and delicacy. <br />
<br />
You are great and brilliant.<br />
<br />
You are upright and solemn, and, at the same time, simple and quiet.<br />
<br />
When posited in situations of discussing your ideas, you have repeatedly laid out excellent plans for governance.<br />
<br />
Being an official of renewing the people, your good governance has always been outstanding.<br />
<br />
You have governed many tasks so sincerely and participated in the discussion in the court.<br />
<br />
As I now appoint you as Governor of Kyŏngsang (Gyeongsang) Province as well as its Navy Commissioner, you must attend to the mission that I assign to you; devote yourself to extending the governance of filial piety and friendship; feed and clothe My people by encouraging farming and sericulture; enlighten, thereby renewing them.<br />
<br />
Holding on to the great fairness, you must be strict in promotion and expulsion.<br />
<br />
Lifting the supreme intelligence, you must differentiate what is right and wrong.<br />
<br />
Cutting out the entangled issues, you must relieve the unresolved grievances.<br />
<br />
If the crimes should raise grave concerns, you should report them to the office.<br />
<br />
If the rank of the accused is not as high as the ministers of 3a, you may make a judgment based on your faithfulness.<br />
<br />
I, the King, hereby instruct you thus, and you should consider and remember all My instructions.<br />
<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=='''Discussion Questions'''==<br />
# Why do you think the king praises the minister so effusively before assigning him as governor?<br />
# What are the roles and responsibilities of governors as defined by the king? How do those roles fit with your general understanding of Confucian values?<br />
# Among the roles and responsibilities assigned to governor,what are the most important task?<br />
# According to this document, how did the governor relate to the central government? What does this document show as to relations between the central and regional governments?<br />
# What is the relationship between the central government and local officials in the 16th century Joseon? How did they operate with each other?<br />
# Yi Ŏnchŏk was appointed to be an official in Kyŏnggi Province, the province that shared great proximity with the capital. How did this fact change the emphasize of what Yi was expected to do in his post? Compared to officials who were appointed to different areas in the country, how was Yi's post different than, say, its counterparts in the Northern provinces?<br />
# Under which circumstances this order could be declined (e.g., a disease, an ill father or son to take care of)? <br />
# How would a minister notify it (through which means, which institution)? <br />
# What would be the possible sanctions towards a minister refusing to obey this kind of order although he has reasons to?<br />
# What were the duties of Surveillance Commissioner (觀察使) and Military Commissioner (節度使)? <br />
# What were the qualities that the king was looking for when appointing someone to these posts? <br />
# How important were these posts to local governance?<br />
# Could the contemporaries misinterpret these documents? In the case of 脫, it could be misread as "貺," which could change the meaning of the sentence...<br />
# Are there any examples of appointments being made without the use of such flattering language?<br />
# What was the process of appointing officials to their posts? Did the officials themselves have any say in the matter?<br />
# How significant was this post assigned to I Ŏnchŏk?<br />
# Define 'good governance'. What benefits to the common people was it supposed to bring? Was this realized?<br />
<br />
=='''Further Readings'''==<br />
<!--<br />
<div style="color:#008080;"><br />
* View together with '''~~'''.<br />
</div><br />
--><br />
*<br />
*<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''References'''==<br />
<references/><br />
《書·堯典》：“允釐百工，庶績咸熙。”<br />
<br />
=='''Translation'''==<br />
<br />
==='''(sample) : Jaeyoon Song'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
11. 罪關大憂, 錄狀啓稟官 堂上斷以卿衷, 故玆敎示 想宜知悉 <br />
If the crimes should raise grave concerns, you should report to the office, and the high ministers (ranking 3a and above) will make a judgment based on your faithful report. I, the king, hereby instruct you thus, and you should consider and remember all my instructions.<br />
<br />
Question: Why do you think the king praises the minister so effusively before assigning him as governor? <br />
<br />
Question: What are the roles and responsibilities of governors as defined by the king? How do those roles fit with your general understanding of Confucian values? <br />
<br />
Question: Among the roles and responsibilities assigned to governor,what are the most important task? <br />
<br />
Question: According to this document, how did the governor relate to the central government? What does this document show as to relations between the central and regional governments?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 1 : Yishu Ma'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
What is the relationship between the central government and local officials in the 16th century Joseon? How did they operate with each other? <br />
<br />
荐臻專城或存於▣▣赤子未蒙其實澤<br />
<br />
Translation: <br />
Successive local officials might be ...<br />
Common people have not yet received the real benefits [of governance].<br />
<br />
==='''Student 2 : Samuel Sai Hay Chan 陳世熙 진세희'''===<br />
----<br />
脫有▣(緩)急將何措宜益軫予懷其惟重臣 <br />
<br />
As to a sudden and urgent situation, what to do with it? One ought to handle it with measured deliberations. I can only think of one right minister [who is qualified to take up such task].<br />
<br />
Translator's note:<br />
<br />
1. The meaning of 脫有緩急 is evading for a modern reader. But it is apparently a very common idiom during the Choson dynasty. A search in the Veritable Records of the Choson Dynasty (조선왕조실록) yields 283 results. From my brief survey, the idiom seemingly refers to a sudden and urgent situation.<br />
<br />
Example: <br />
태종실록 14권, 태종 7년 7월 27일 戊寅 2번째기사 開雲浦至甘北浦水路五息, 陸路四息, 脫有緩急, 難以相救。 <br />
<br />
세종실록 88권, 세종 22년 3월 1일 癸卯 3번째기사 今聞高興新鎭, 置於隔海之地三十餘里, 脫有緩急, 人民被虜可慮。<br />
<br />
광해군일기[중초본] 7권, 광해 1년 6월 8일 丁巳 3번째기사 近因南邊稍靜, 人之視舟師若筌然, 減損兩湖入防之船, 只存本道船二十餘隻。 其勢將至於停罷, 脫有緩急, 將何以應敵乎?<br />
<br />
2. The document used a historical variation of the word "脫." For more, see 中華民國教育部 異體字字典 http://dict2.variants.moe.edu.tw/yitia/fra/fra03334.htm<br />
<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
I Ŏnchŏk was appointed to be an official in Kyŏnggi Province, the province that shared great proximity with the capital. How did this fact change the emphasize of what Yi was expected to do in his post? Compared to officials who were appointed to different areas in the country, how was Yi's post different than, say, its counterparts in the Northern provinces?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 3 : Younès M'Ghari'''===<br />
----<br />
惟卿 德涵內外 學造精微 敦大而高明 方嚴而簡默 <br />
<br />
Only you, minister, are embodied with virtue inside and outside. Your knowledge is profound and subtle. You are great and brilliant. You are upright and solemn, and [in the same time] simple and quiet.<br />
<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
Under which circumstances this order could be declined (e.g., a disease, an ill father or son to take care of)? How would a minister notify it (through which means, which institution)? What would be the possible sanctions towards a minister refusing to obey this kind of order although he has reasons to?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 4 : King Kwong Wong'''===<br />
----<br />
處論思之地 嘉猷累陳 作親民之官, 善政素著 <br />
When posited in situations of discussing your ideas, you repeatedly lay out excellent plans for governance. Being an official of renewing people, your good governance is always outstanding.<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
What were the duties of Surveillance Commissioner (觀察使) and Military Commissioner (節度使)? What were the qualities that the king was looking for when appointing someone to these posts? How important were these posts to local governance?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 5 : 신동조'''===<br />
----<br />
允釐庶績 方參廟謨 <br />
<br />
You have governed many tasks so sincerely that you can now participate in the discussion of the court.<br />
<br />
Discussion Questions: Could the contemporaries misinterpret these documents? In the case of 脫, it could be misread as "貺," which could change the meaning of the sentence...<br />
<br />
==='''Student 6 : Stacey Lui'''===<br />
----<br />
卿其體予倚任 專推卿孝友之政<br />
<br />
I deeply trust your character. Now you should devote yourself to extending the governance of filial piety and friendship.<br />
<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
Are there any examples of appointments being made without the use of such flattering language?<br />
<br />
What was the process of appointing officials to their posts? Did the officials themselves have any say in the matter? <br />
<br />
How significant was this post assigned to I Ŏnchŏk?<br />
<br />
Define 'good governance'. What benefits to the common people was it supposed to bring? Was this realised?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 7 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
課農桑以衣食吾民<br />
<br />
Study farming and sericulture to feed and clothe our people.<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 8 : Q'''===<br />
----<br />
明敎化以作新斯民<br />
<br />
Let moral suasion shine so as to renew this people of ours.<br />
<br />
作新斯民 as verb 作 + object 新斯民, which can also be thought of as verb 新 + object 斯民, can be seen [http://sillok.history.go.kr/main/main.do here].<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
How did the people of Choson court reconcile the abstract language, of which this is an example, and the possible implications regarding various issues mentioned in the process of applying them?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 9 : Yeonjae Ra'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
秉大公而嚴黜陟<br />
Hold onto the great fairness, and be strict to promotion and expel. <br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 10 : (Kanghun Ahn)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
揭至明而別情僞剸裁盤錯伸理冤枉<br />
<br />
Lifting up the supreme luminosity (intelligence), in order to differentiate what is right and wrong, cutting out the entangled issues, and relieving the unresolved grievances<br />
<br />
==='''Student 11 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 12 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 13 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 14 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop]]<br />
[[Category:Advanced Translation Group]]</div>Qhttp://dh.aks.ac.kr/jsg/index.php?title=(Translation)_1543%E5%B9%B4_%E6%9D%8E%E5%BD%A6%E8%BF%AA%E8%AB%AD%E6%9B%B8&diff=19333(Translation) 1543年 李彦迪諭書2019-07-18T05:51:59Z<p>Q: /* Introduction */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Primary Source Document3<br />
|Image = 1543년이언적유서.jpg<br />
|English = <br />
|Chinese = 1543年 李彦迪 諭書<br />
|Korean = 1543년 이언적 유서(''Yi Eonjeok Yuseo'')<br />
|Genre = [[Royal Court Documents]]<br />
|Type = Instructions<br />
|Author = 國王:中宗<br />
|Source = [http://archive.aks.ac.kr/Inspection/insDirView.aspx?dataUCI=G002+AKS+KSM-XA.1543.1111-20101008.B043a_065_00011_XXX Old Documents and Sources (한국고문서자료관)]<br />
|Year = 1543<br />
|Key Concepts= <br />
|Translator = [[2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop (Advanced)#Participants | Participants of 2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop (Advanced Translation Group)]]<br />
|Editor = <br />
|Translation Year = 2019<br />
}}<br />
[[File:Backward.png|right|40px|link=2019_JSG_Summer_Hanmun_Workshop_(Advanced)#.282019.29Primary_Sources_for_Korean_Studies]]<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''Introduction'''==<br />
Yi Ŏnchŏk (1491 - 1553) was a Confucian scholar during the Chosŏn (Joseon) dynasty. He is considered a pioneer in the process of establishing Neo-Confucianism of Chosŏn. Although he was never a student of Yi Ŏnchŏk, T'oegye Yi Hwang, one of the two most prominent Confucian scholars of Chosŏn, is known to have referred to Yi Ŏnchŏk as one of the sages of the East.<ref>http://encykorea.aks.ac.kr/Contents/SearchNavi?keyword=%EC%9D%B4%EC%96%B8%EC%A0%81&ridx=0&tot=46</ref><ref>https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9D%B4%EC%96%B8%EC%A0%81</ref><br />
<br />
Yusŏ, the "document of [King's] instructions," was one of the two documents—Kyosŏ, the "document of appointment," being the other—issued to the officials with military command at the time of their appointment. Originally—dating back to Koryŏ—, it functioned as the means of authenticating the orders of military deployment. However, as time went on, it acquired other functions such as transmitting the names of officials to be rewarded based on previously filed reports or a royal directive intended for lower officials and commoners. <ref>Noh In Hwan 노인환. "Document Administration and Implementation of Gyoseo(敎書) and Yuseo(諭書) Issued to Provincial Governors in the Joseon Dynasty" 조선시대 관찰사(觀察使) 교서(敎書)와 유서(諭書)의 문서 행정과 운용. The Journal of Korean Historical Manuscripts 48:287-313. DOI:10.21027/manusc.2016.48..010</ref><ref>http://sillok.history.go.kr/id/kka_13807024_002</ref><ref>http://encykorea.aks.ac.kr/Contents/SearchNavi?keyword=%EC%9C%A0%EC%84%9C&ridx=1&tot=86</ref><ref>http://dh.aks.ac.kr/sillokwiki/index.php/%EC%9C%A0%EC%84%9C(%E8%AB%AD%E6%9B%B8)</ref><br />
<br />
=='''Original Script'''==<br />
<br />
{|class="wikitable" style="width:80%; font-size:110%; color:#002080; background-color:#ffffff;"<br />
!style="width:50%;"|Classical Chinese || style="width:50%;"| English <br />
|-<br />
|<br />
▣…▣ <br />
<br />
荐臻專城或存於▣▣ <br />
赤子未蒙其實澤<br />
脫有▣(緩)急, 將何措, <br />
宜益軫, 予懷其惟重臣<br />
惟卿, 德涵內外, 學造精微, 敦大而高明, <br />
方嚴而簡默, <br />
處論思之地, 嘉猷累陳, 作親民之官, 善政素著, <br />
允釐庶績, 方參廟謨, <br />
<br />
今授卿以本道觀察使兼兵馬水軍節度使<br />
卿其體予倚任<br />
專推卿孝友之政<br />
課農桑以衣食吾民<br />
明敎化以作新斯民<br />
秉大公而嚴黜陟<br />
揭至明而別情僞<br />
剸裁盤錯<br />
伸理冤枉, 罪關大憂, <br />
錄狀啓稟官 <br />
堂上斷以卿衷<br />
故玆敎示<br />
想宜知悉<br />
<br />
嘉靖▣…▣八月初十日<br />
<br />
<br />
||<br />
If those successive magistrates involve in..., common people would not receive the real benefits of governance. <br />
<br />
Confronted with sudden and urgent situations, how would we handle them? <br />
<br />
In my growing concern over these matters, I can only think of one important minister, which is you.<br />
<br />
You embody virtue within and without.<br />
<br />
In learning, you have reached at high levels of profundity and delicacy. <br />
<br />
You are great and brilliant.<br />
<br />
You are upright and solemn, and, at the same time, simple and quiet.<br />
<br />
When posited in situations of discussing your ideas, you have repeatedly laid out excellent plans for governance.<br />
<br />
Being an official of renewing the people, your good governance has always been outstanding.<br />
<br />
You have governed many tasks so sincerely and participated in the discussion in the court.<br />
<br />
As I now appoint you as Governor of Kyŏngsang (Gyeongsang) Province as well as its Navy Commissioner, you must attend to the mission that I assign to you; devote yourself to extending the governance of filial piety and friendship; feed and clothe My people by encouraging farming and sericulture; enlighten, thereby renewing them.<br />
<br />
Holding on to the great fairness, you must be strict in promotion and expulsion.<br />
<br />
Lifting the supreme intelligence, you must differentiate what is right and wrong.<br />
<br />
Cutting out the entangled issues, you must relieve the unresolved grievances.<br />
<br />
If the crimes should raise grave concerns, you should report them to the office.<br />
<br />
If the rank of the accused is not as high as the ministers of 3a, you may make a judgment based on your faithfulness.<br />
<br />
I, the King, hereby instruct you thus, and you should consider and remember all My instructions.<br />
<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=='''Discussion Questions'''==<br />
# Why do you think the king praises the minister so effusively before assigning him as governor?<br />
# What are the roles and responsibilities of governors as defined by the king? How do those roles fit with your general understanding of Confucian values?<br />
# Among the roles and responsibilities assigned to governor,what are the most important task?<br />
# According to this document, how did the governor relate to the central government? What does this document show as to relations between the central and regional governments?<br />
# What is the relationship between the central government and local officials in the 16th century Joseon? How did they operate with each other?<br />
# Yi Ŏnchŏk was appointed to be an official in Kyŏnggi Province, the province that shared great proximity with the capital. How did this fact change the emphasize of what Yi was expected to do in his post? Compared to officials who were appointed to different areas in the country, how was Yi's post different than, say, its counterparts in the Northern provinces?<br />
# Under which circumstances this order could be declined (e.g., a disease, an ill father or son to take care of)? <br />
# How would a minister notify it (through which means, which institution)? <br />
# What would be the possible sanctions towards a minister refusing to obey this kind of order although he has reasons to?<br />
# What were the duties of Surveillance Commissioner (觀察使) and Military Commissioner (節度使)? <br />
# What were the qualities that the king was looking for when appointing someone to these posts? <br />
# How important were these posts to local governance?<br />
# Could the contemporaries misinterpret these documents? In the case of 脫, it could be misread as "貺," which could change the meaning of the sentence...<br />
# Are there any examples of appointments being made without the use of such flattering language?<br />
# What was the process of appointing officials to their posts? Did the officials themselves have any say in the matter?<br />
# How significant was this post assigned to I Ŏnchŏk?<br />
# Define 'good governance'. What benefits to the common people was it supposed to bring? Was this realized?<br />
<br />
=='''Further Readings'''==<br />
<!--<br />
<div style="color:#008080;"><br />
* View together with '''~~'''.<br />
</div><br />
--><br />
*<br />
*<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''References'''==<br />
<references/><br />
《書·堯典》：“允釐百工，庶績咸熙。”<br />
<br />
=='''Translation'''==<br />
<br />
==='''(sample) : Jaeyoon Song'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
11. 罪關大憂, 錄狀啓稟官 堂上斷以卿衷, 故玆敎示 想宜知悉 <br />
If the crimes should raise grave concerns, you should report to the office, and the high ministers (ranking 3a and above) will make a judgment based on your faithful report. I, the king, hereby instruct you thus, and you should consider and remember all my instructions.<br />
<br />
Question: Why do you think the king praises the minister so effusively before assigning him as governor? <br />
<br />
Question: What are the roles and responsibilities of governors as defined by the king? How do those roles fit with your general understanding of Confucian values? <br />
<br />
Question: Among the roles and responsibilities assigned to governor,what are the most important task? <br />
<br />
Question: According to this document, how did the governor relate to the central government? What does this document show as to relations between the central and regional governments?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 1 : Yishu Ma'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
What is the relationship between the central government and local officials in the 16th century Joseon? How did they operate with each other? <br />
<br />
荐臻專城或存於▣▣赤子未蒙其實澤<br />
<br />
Translation: <br />
Successive local officials might be ...<br />
Common people have not yet received the real benefits [of governance].<br />
<br />
==='''Student 2 : Samuel Sai Hay Chan 陳世熙 진세희'''===<br />
----<br />
脫有▣(緩)急將何措宜益軫予懷其惟重臣 <br />
<br />
As to a sudden and urgent situation, what to do with it? One ought to handle it with measured deliberations. I can only think of one right minister [who is qualified to take up such task].<br />
<br />
Translator's note:<br />
<br />
1. The meaning of 脫有緩急 is evading for a modern reader. But it is apparently a very common idiom during the Choson dynasty. A search in the Veritable Records of the Choson Dynasty (조선왕조실록) yields 283 results. From my brief survey, the idiom seemingly refers to a sudden and urgent situation.<br />
<br />
Example: <br />
태종실록 14권, 태종 7년 7월 27일 戊寅 2번째기사 開雲浦至甘北浦水路五息, 陸路四息, 脫有緩急, 難以相救。 <br />
<br />
세종실록 88권, 세종 22년 3월 1일 癸卯 3번째기사 今聞高興新鎭, 置於隔海之地三十餘里, 脫有緩急, 人民被虜可慮。<br />
<br />
광해군일기[중초본] 7권, 광해 1년 6월 8일 丁巳 3번째기사 近因南邊稍靜, 人之視舟師若筌然, 減損兩湖入防之船, 只存本道船二十餘隻。 其勢將至於停罷, 脫有緩急, 將何以應敵乎?<br />
<br />
2. The document used a historical variation of the word "脫." For more, see 中華民國教育部 異體字字典 http://dict2.variants.moe.edu.tw/yitia/fra/fra03334.htm<br />
<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
I Ŏnchŏk was appointed to be an official in Kyŏnggi Province, the province that shared great proximity with the capital. How did this fact change the emphasize of what Yi was expected to do in his post? Compared to officials who were appointed to different areas in the country, how was Yi's post different than, say, its counterparts in the Northern provinces?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 3 : Younès M'Ghari'''===<br />
----<br />
惟卿 德涵內外 學造精微 敦大而高明 方嚴而簡默 <br />
<br />
Only you, minister, are embodied with virtue inside and outside. Your knowledge is profound and subtle. You are great and brilliant. You are upright and solemn, and [in the same time] simple and quiet.<br />
<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
Under which circumstances this order could be declined (e.g., a disease, an ill father or son to take care of)? How would a minister notify it (through which means, which institution)? What would be the possible sanctions towards a minister refusing to obey this kind of order although he has reasons to?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 4 : King Kwong Wong'''===<br />
----<br />
處論思之地 嘉猷累陳 作親民之官, 善政素著 <br />
When posited in situations of discussing your ideas, you repeatedly lay out excellent plans for governance. Being an official of renewing people, your good governance is always outstanding.<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
What were the duties of Surveillance Commissioner (觀察使) and Military Commissioner (節度使)? What were the qualities that the king was looking for when appointing someone to these posts? How important were these posts to local governance?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 5 : 신동조'''===<br />
----<br />
允釐庶績 方參廟謨 <br />
<br />
You have governed many tasks so sincerely that you can now participate in the discussion of the court.<br />
<br />
Discussion Questions: Could the contemporaries misinterpret these documents? In the case of 脫, it could be misread as "貺," which could change the meaning of the sentence...<br />
<br />
==='''Student 6 : Stacey Lui'''===<br />
----<br />
卿其體予倚任 專推卿孝友之政<br />
<br />
I deeply trust your character. Now you should devote yourself to extending the governance of filial piety and friendship.<br />
<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
Are there any examples of appointments being made without the use of such flattering language?<br />
<br />
What was the process of appointing officials to their posts? Did the officials themselves have any say in the matter? <br />
<br />
How significant was this post assigned to I Ŏnchŏk?<br />
<br />
Define 'good governance'. What benefits to the common people was it supposed to bring? Was this realised?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 7 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
課農桑以衣食吾民<br />
<br />
Study farming and sericulture to feed and clothe our people.<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 8 : Q'''===<br />
----<br />
明敎化以作新斯民<br />
<br />
Let moral suasion shine so as to renew this people of ours.<br />
<br />
作新斯民 as verb 作 + object 新斯民, which can also be thought of as verb 新 + object 斯民, can be seen [http://sillok.history.go.kr/main/main.do here].<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
How did the people of Choson court reconcile the abstract language, of which this is an example, and the possible implications regarding various issues mentioned in the process of applying them?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 9 : Yeonjae Ra'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
秉大公而嚴黜陟<br />
Hold onto the great fairness, and be strict to promotion and expel. <br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 10 : (Kanghun Ahn)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
揭至明而別情僞剸裁盤錯伸理冤枉<br />
<br />
Lifting up the supreme luminosity (intelligence), in order to differentiate what is right and wrong, cutting out the entangled issues, and relieving the unresolved grievances<br />
<br />
==='''Student 11 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 12 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 13 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 14 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop]]<br />
[[Category:Advanced Translation Group]]</div>Qhttp://dh.aks.ac.kr/jsg/index.php?title=(Translation)_1543%E5%B9%B4_%E6%9D%8E%E5%BD%A6%E8%BF%AA%E8%AB%AD%E6%9B%B8&diff=19332(Translation) 1543年 李彦迪諭書2019-07-18T05:49:07Z<p>Q: /* Introduction */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Primary Source Document3<br />
|Image = 1543년이언적유서.jpg<br />
|English = <br />
|Chinese = 1543年 李彦迪 諭書<br />
|Korean = 1543년 이언적 유서(''Yi Eonjeok Yuseo'')<br />
|Genre = [[Royal Court Documents]]<br />
|Type = Instructions<br />
|Author = 國王:中宗<br />
|Source = [http://archive.aks.ac.kr/Inspection/insDirView.aspx?dataUCI=G002+AKS+KSM-XA.1543.1111-20101008.B043a_065_00011_XXX Old Documents and Sources (한국고문서자료관)]<br />
|Year = 1543<br />
|Key Concepts= <br />
|Translator = [[2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop (Advanced)#Participants | Participants of 2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop (Advanced Translation Group)]]<br />
|Editor = <br />
|Translation Year = 2019<br />
}}<br />
[[File:Backward.png|right|40px|link=2019_JSG_Summer_Hanmun_Workshop_(Advanced)#.282019.29Primary_Sources_for_Korean_Studies]]<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''Introduction'''==<br />
Yi Ŏnchŏk (1491 - 1553) was a Confucian scholar during the Chosŏn (Joseon) dynasty. He is considered a pioneer in the process of establishing Neo-Confucianism of Chosŏn. Although he was never a student of Yi Ŏnchŏk, T'oegye Yi Hwang, one of the two most prominent Confucian scholars of Chosŏn, is known to have referred to Yi Ŏnchŏk as one of the sages of the East.<ref>http://encykorea.aks.ac.kr/Contents/SearchNavi?keyword=%EC%9D%B4%EC%96%B8%EC%A0%81&ridx=0&tot=46</ref><ref>https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9D%B4%EC%96%B8%EC%A0%81</ref><br />
<br />
Yusŏ, the "document of [King's] instructions," was one of the two documents—Kyosŏ, the "document of appointment," being the other—issued to the officials with military command at the time of their appointment. Originally, it functioned as the means of authenticating the orders of military deployment. However, as time went on, it acquired other functions such as transmitting the names of officials to be rewarded based on previously filed reports or a royal directive intended for lower officials and commoners. <ref>Noh In Hwan 노인환. "Document Administration and Implementation of Gyoseo(敎書) and Yuseo(諭書) Issued to Provincial Governors in the Joseon Dynasty" 조선시대 관찰사(觀察使) 교서(敎書)와 유서(諭書)의 문서 행정과 운용. The Journal of Korean Historical Manuscripts 48:287-313. DOI:10.21027/manusc.2016.48..010</ref><ref>http://sillok.history.go.kr/id/kka_13807024_002</ref><ref>http://encykorea.aks.ac.kr/Contents/SearchNavi?keyword=%EC%9C%A0%EC%84%9C&ridx=1&tot=86</ref><ref>http://dh.aks.ac.kr/sillokwiki/index.php/%EC%9C%A0%EC%84%9C(%E8%AB%AD%E6%9B%B8)</ref><br />
<br />
=='''Original Script'''==<br />
<br />
{|class="wikitable" style="width:80%; font-size:110%; color:#002080; background-color:#ffffff;"<br />
!style="width:50%;"|Classical Chinese || style="width:50%;"| English <br />
|-<br />
|<br />
▣…▣ <br />
<br />
荐臻專城或存於▣▣ <br />
赤子未蒙其實澤<br />
脫有▣(緩)急, 將何措, <br />
宜益軫, 予懷其惟重臣<br />
惟卿, 德涵內外, 學造精微, 敦大而高明, <br />
方嚴而簡默, <br />
處論思之地, 嘉猷累陳, 作親民之官, 善政素著, <br />
允釐庶績, 方參廟謨, <br />
<br />
今授卿以本道觀察使兼兵馬水軍節度使<br />
卿其體予倚任<br />
專推卿孝友之政<br />
課農桑以衣食吾民<br />
明敎化以作新斯民<br />
秉大公而嚴黜陟<br />
揭至明而別情僞<br />
剸裁盤錯<br />
伸理冤枉, 罪關大憂, <br />
錄狀啓稟官 <br />
堂上斷以卿衷<br />
故玆敎示<br />
想宜知悉<br />
<br />
嘉靖▣…▣八月初十日<br />
<br />
<br />
||<br />
If those successive magistrates involve in..., common people would not receive the real benefits of governance. <br />
<br />
Confronted with sudden and urgent situations, how would we handle them? <br />
<br />
In my growing concern over these matters, I can only think of one important minister, which is you.<br />
<br />
You embody virtue within and without.<br />
<br />
In learning, you have reached at high levels of profundity and delicacy. <br />
<br />
You are great and brilliant.<br />
<br />
You are upright and solemn, and, at the same time, simple and quiet.<br />
<br />
When posited in situations of discussing your ideas, you have repeatedly laid out excellent plans for governance.<br />
<br />
Being an official of renewing the people, your good governance has always been outstanding.<br />
<br />
You have governed many tasks so sincerely and participated in the discussion in the court.<br />
<br />
As I now appoint you as Governor of Kyŏngsang (Gyeongsang) Province as well as its Navy Commissioner, you must attend to the mission that I assign to you; devote yourself to extending the governance of filial piety and friendship; feed and clothe My people by encouraging farming and sericulture; enlighten, thereby renewing them.<br />
<br />
Holding on to the great fairness, you must be strict in promotion and expulsion.<br />
<br />
Lifting the supreme intelligence, you must differentiate what is right and wrong.<br />
<br />
Cutting out the entangled issues, you must relieve the unresolved grievances.<br />
<br />
If the crimes should raise grave concerns, you should report them to the office.<br />
<br />
If the rank of the accused is not as high as the ministers of 3a, you may make a judgment based on your faithfulness.<br />
<br />
I, the King, hereby instruct you thus, and you should consider and remember all My instructions.<br />
<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=='''Discussion Questions'''==<br />
# Why do you think the king praises the minister so effusively before assigning him as governor?<br />
# What are the roles and responsibilities of governors as defined by the king? How do those roles fit with your general understanding of Confucian values?<br />
# Among the roles and responsibilities assigned to governor,what are the most important task?<br />
# According to this document, how did the governor relate to the central government? What does this document show as to relations between the central and regional governments?<br />
# What is the relationship between the central government and local officials in the 16th century Joseon? How did they operate with each other?<br />
# Yi Ŏnchŏk was appointed to be an official in Kyŏnggi Province, the province that shared great proximity with the capital. How did this fact change the emphasize of what Yi was expected to do in his post? Compared to officials who were appointed to different areas in the country, how was Yi's post different than, say, its counterparts in the Northern provinces?<br />
# Under which circumstances this order could be declined (e.g., a disease, an ill father or son to take care of)? <br />
# How would a minister notify it (through which means, which institution)? <br />
# What would be the possible sanctions towards a minister refusing to obey this kind of order although he has reasons to?<br />
# What were the duties of Surveillance Commissioner (觀察使) and Military Commissioner (節度使)? <br />
# What were the qualities that the king was looking for when appointing someone to these posts? <br />
# How important were these posts to local governance?<br />
# Could the contemporaries misinterpret these documents? In the case of 脫, it could be misread as "貺," which could change the meaning of the sentence...<br />
# Are there any examples of appointments being made without the use of such flattering language?<br />
# What was the process of appointing officials to their posts? Did the officials themselves have any say in the matter?<br />
# How significant was this post assigned to I Ŏnchŏk?<br />
# Define 'good governance'. What benefits to the common people was it supposed to bring? Was this realized?<br />
<br />
=='''Further Readings'''==<br />
<!--<br />
<div style="color:#008080;"><br />
* View together with '''~~'''.<br />
</div><br />
--><br />
*<br />
*<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''References'''==<br />
<references/><br />
《書·堯典》：“允釐百工，庶績咸熙。”<br />
<br />
=='''Translation'''==<br />
<br />
==='''(sample) : Jaeyoon Song'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
11. 罪關大憂, 錄狀啓稟官 堂上斷以卿衷, 故玆敎示 想宜知悉 <br />
If the crimes should raise grave concerns, you should report to the office, and the high ministers (ranking 3a and above) will make a judgment based on your faithful report. I, the king, hereby instruct you thus, and you should consider and remember all my instructions.<br />
<br />
Question: Why do you think the king praises the minister so effusively before assigning him as governor? <br />
<br />
Question: What are the roles and responsibilities of governors as defined by the king? How do those roles fit with your general understanding of Confucian values? <br />
<br />
Question: Among the roles and responsibilities assigned to governor,what are the most important task? <br />
<br />
Question: According to this document, how did the governor relate to the central government? What does this document show as to relations between the central and regional governments?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 1 : Yishu Ma'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
What is the relationship between the central government and local officials in the 16th century Joseon? How did they operate with each other? <br />
<br />
荐臻專城或存於▣▣赤子未蒙其實澤<br />
<br />
Translation: <br />
Successive local officials might be ...<br />
Common people have not yet received the real benefits [of governance].<br />
<br />
==='''Student 2 : Samuel Sai Hay Chan 陳世熙 진세희'''===<br />
----<br />
脫有▣(緩)急將何措宜益軫予懷其惟重臣 <br />
<br />
As to a sudden and urgent situation, what to do with it? One ought to handle it with measured deliberations. I can only think of one right minister [who is qualified to take up such task].<br />
<br />
Translator's note:<br />
<br />
1. The meaning of 脫有緩急 is evading for a modern reader. But it is apparently a very common idiom during the Choson dynasty. A search in the Veritable Records of the Choson Dynasty (조선왕조실록) yields 283 results. From my brief survey, the idiom seemingly refers to a sudden and urgent situation.<br />
<br />
Example: <br />
태종실록 14권, 태종 7년 7월 27일 戊寅 2번째기사 開雲浦至甘北浦水路五息, 陸路四息, 脫有緩急, 難以相救。 <br />
<br />
세종실록 88권, 세종 22년 3월 1일 癸卯 3번째기사 今聞高興新鎭, 置於隔海之地三十餘里, 脫有緩急, 人民被虜可慮。<br />
<br />
광해군일기[중초본] 7권, 광해 1년 6월 8일 丁巳 3번째기사 近因南邊稍靜, 人之視舟師若筌然, 減損兩湖入防之船, 只存本道船二十餘隻。 其勢將至於停罷, 脫有緩急, 將何以應敵乎?<br />
<br />
2. The document used a historical variation of the word "脫." For more, see 中華民國教育部 異體字字典 http://dict2.variants.moe.edu.tw/yitia/fra/fra03334.htm<br />
<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
I Ŏnchŏk was appointed to be an official in Kyŏnggi Province, the province that shared great proximity with the capital. How did this fact change the emphasize of what Yi was expected to do in his post? Compared to officials who were appointed to different areas in the country, how was Yi's post different than, say, its counterparts in the Northern provinces?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 3 : Younès M'Ghari'''===<br />
----<br />
惟卿 德涵內外 學造精微 敦大而高明 方嚴而簡默 <br />
<br />
Only you, minister, are embodied with virtue inside and outside. Your knowledge is profound and subtle. You are great and brilliant. You are upright and solemn, and [in the same time] simple and quiet.<br />
<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
Under which circumstances this order could be declined (e.g., a disease, an ill father or son to take care of)? How would a minister notify it (through which means, which institution)? What would be the possible sanctions towards a minister refusing to obey this kind of order although he has reasons to?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 4 : King Kwong Wong'''===<br />
----<br />
處論思之地 嘉猷累陳 作親民之官, 善政素著 <br />
When posited in situations of discussing your ideas, you repeatedly lay out excellent plans for governance. Being an official of renewing people, your good governance is always outstanding.<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
What were the duties of Surveillance Commissioner (觀察使) and Military Commissioner (節度使)? What were the qualities that the king was looking for when appointing someone to these posts? How important were these posts to local governance?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 5 : 신동조'''===<br />
----<br />
允釐庶績 方參廟謨 <br />
<br />
You have governed many tasks so sincerely that you can now participate in the discussion of the court.<br />
<br />
Discussion Questions: Could the contemporaries misinterpret these documents? In the case of 脫, it could be misread as "貺," which could change the meaning of the sentence...<br />
<br />
==='''Student 6 : Stacey Lui'''===<br />
----<br />
卿其體予倚任 專推卿孝友之政<br />
<br />
I deeply trust your character. Now you should devote yourself to extending the governance of filial piety and friendship.<br />
<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
Are there any examples of appointments being made without the use of such flattering language?<br />
<br />
What was the process of appointing officials to their posts? Did the officials themselves have any say in the matter? <br />
<br />
How significant was this post assigned to I Ŏnchŏk?<br />
<br />
Define 'good governance'. What benefits to the common people was it supposed to bring? Was this realised?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 7 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
課農桑以衣食吾民<br />
<br />
Study farming and sericulture to feed and clothe our people.<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 8 : Q'''===<br />
----<br />
明敎化以作新斯民<br />
<br />
Let moral suasion shine so as to renew this people of ours.<br />
<br />
作新斯民 as verb 作 + object 新斯民, which can also be thought of as verb 新 + object 斯民, can be seen [http://sillok.history.go.kr/main/main.do here].<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
How did the people of Choson court reconcile the abstract language, of which this is an example, and the possible implications regarding various issues mentioned in the process of applying them?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 9 : Yeonjae Ra'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
秉大公而嚴黜陟<br />
Hold onto the great fairness, and be strict to promotion and expel. <br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 10 : (Kanghun Ahn)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
揭至明而別情僞剸裁盤錯伸理冤枉<br />
<br />
Lifting up the supreme luminosity (intelligence), in order to differentiate what is right and wrong, cutting out the entangled issues, and relieving the unresolved grievances<br />
<br />
==='''Student 11 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 12 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 13 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 14 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop]]<br />
[[Category:Advanced Translation Group]]</div>Qhttp://dh.aks.ac.kr/jsg/index.php?title=(Translation)_1543%E5%B9%B4_%E6%9D%8E%E5%BD%A6%E8%BF%AA%E8%AB%AD%E6%9B%B8&diff=19331(Translation) 1543年 李彦迪諭書2019-07-18T05:47:47Z<p>Q: /* Introduction */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Primary Source Document3<br />
|Image = 1543년이언적유서.jpg<br />
|English = <br />
|Chinese = 1543年 李彦迪 諭書<br />
|Korean = 1543년 이언적 유서(''Yi Eonjeok Yuseo'')<br />
|Genre = [[Royal Court Documents]]<br />
|Type = Instructions<br />
|Author = 國王:中宗<br />
|Source = [http://archive.aks.ac.kr/Inspection/insDirView.aspx?dataUCI=G002+AKS+KSM-XA.1543.1111-20101008.B043a_065_00011_XXX Old Documents and Sources (한국고문서자료관)]<br />
|Year = 1543<br />
|Key Concepts= <br />
|Translator = [[2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop (Advanced)#Participants | Participants of 2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop (Advanced Translation Group)]]<br />
|Editor = <br />
|Translation Year = 2019<br />
}}<br />
[[File:Backward.png|right|40px|link=2019_JSG_Summer_Hanmun_Workshop_(Advanced)#.282019.29Primary_Sources_for_Korean_Studies]]<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''Introduction'''==<br />
Yi Ŏnchŏk (1491 - 1553) was a Confucian scholar during the Chosŏn (Joseon) dynasty. He is considered a pioneer in the process of establishing Neo-Confucianism of Chosŏn. Although he was never a student of Yi Ŏnchŏk, T'oegye Yi Hwang, one of the two most prominent Confucian scholars of Chosŏn, is known to have referred to Yi Ŏnchŏk as one of the sages of the East.<ref>http://encykorea.aks.ac.kr/Contents/SearchNavi?keyword=%EC%9D%B4%EC%96%B8%EC%A0%81&ridx=0&tot=46</ref><ref>https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9D%B4%EC%96%B8%EC%A0%81</ref><br />
<br />
Yusŏ, the "document of [King's] instructions," was one of the two documents—Kyosŏ, the "document of appointment," being the other one—issued to the officials with military command at the time of their appointment. Originally, it functioned as the means of authenticating the orders of military deployment. However, as time went on, it acquired other functions such as transmitting the names of officials to be rewarded based on a previously filed reports or a royal directive intended for lower officials and commoners. <ref>Noh In Hwan 노인환. "Document Administration and Implementation of Gyoseo(敎書) and Yuseo(諭書) Issued to Provincial Governors in the Joseon Dynasty" 조선시대 관찰사(觀察使) 교서(敎書)와 유서(諭書)의 문서 행정과 운용. The Journal of Korean Historical Manuscripts 48:287-313. DOI:10.21027/manusc.2016.48..010</ref><ref>http://sillok.history.go.kr/id/kka_13807024_002</ref><ref>http://encykorea.aks.ac.kr/Contents/SearchNavi?keyword=%EC%9C%A0%EC%84%9C&ridx=1&tot=86</ref><ref>http://dh.aks.ac.kr/sillokwiki/index.php/%EC%9C%A0%EC%84%9C(%E8%AB%AD%E6%9B%B8)</ref><br />
<br />
=='''Original Script'''==<br />
<br />
{|class="wikitable" style="width:80%; font-size:110%; color:#002080; background-color:#ffffff;"<br />
!style="width:50%;"|Classical Chinese || style="width:50%;"| English <br />
|-<br />
|<br />
▣…▣ <br />
<br />
荐臻專城或存於▣▣ <br />
赤子未蒙其實澤<br />
脫有▣(緩)急, 將何措, <br />
宜益軫, 予懷其惟重臣<br />
惟卿, 德涵內外, 學造精微, 敦大而高明, <br />
方嚴而簡默, <br />
處論思之地, 嘉猷累陳, 作親民之官, 善政素著, <br />
允釐庶績, 方參廟謨, <br />
<br />
今授卿以本道觀察使兼兵馬水軍節度使<br />
卿其體予倚任<br />
專推卿孝友之政<br />
課農桑以衣食吾民<br />
明敎化以作新斯民<br />
秉大公而嚴黜陟<br />
揭至明而別情僞<br />
剸裁盤錯<br />
伸理冤枉, 罪關大憂, <br />
錄狀啓稟官 <br />
堂上斷以卿衷<br />
故玆敎示<br />
想宜知悉<br />
<br />
嘉靖▣…▣八月初十日<br />
<br />
<br />
||<br />
If those successive magistrates involve in..., common people would not receive the real benefits of governance. <br />
<br />
Confronted with sudden and urgent situations, how would we handle them? <br />
<br />
In my growing concern over these matters, I can only think of one important minister, which is you.<br />
<br />
You embody virtue within and without.<br />
<br />
In learning, you have reached at high levels of profundity and delicacy. <br />
<br />
You are great and brilliant.<br />
<br />
You are upright and solemn, and, at the same time, simple and quiet.<br />
<br />
When posited in situations of discussing your ideas, you have repeatedly laid out excellent plans for governance.<br />
<br />
Being an official of renewing the people, your good governance has always been outstanding.<br />
<br />
You have governed many tasks so sincerely and participated in the discussion in the court.<br />
<br />
As I now appoint you as Governor of Kyŏngsang (Gyeongsang) Province as well as its Navy Commissioner, you must attend to the mission that I assign to you; devote yourself to extending the governance of filial piety and friendship; feed and clothe My people by encouraging farming and sericulture; enlighten, thereby renewing them.<br />
<br />
Holding on to the great fairness, you must be strict in promotion and expulsion.<br />
<br />
Lifting the supreme intelligence, you must differentiate what is right and wrong.<br />
<br />
Cutting out the entangled issues, you must relieve the unresolved grievances.<br />
<br />
If the crimes should raise grave concerns, you should report them to the office.<br />
<br />
If the rank of the accused is not as high as the ministers of 3a, you may make a judgment based on your faithfulness.<br />
<br />
I, the King, hereby instruct you thus, and you should consider and remember all My instructions.<br />
<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=='''Discussion Questions'''==<br />
# Why do you think the king praises the minister so effusively before assigning him as governor?<br />
# What are the roles and responsibilities of governors as defined by the king? How do those roles fit with your general understanding of Confucian values?<br />
# Among the roles and responsibilities assigned to governor,what are the most important task?<br />
# According to this document, how did the governor relate to the central government? What does this document show as to relations between the central and regional governments?<br />
# What is the relationship between the central government and local officials in the 16th century Joseon? How did they operate with each other?<br />
# Yi Ŏnchŏk was appointed to be an official in Kyŏnggi Province, the province that shared great proximity with the capital. How did this fact change the emphasize of what Yi was expected to do in his post? Compared to officials who were appointed to different areas in the country, how was Yi's post different than, say, its counterparts in the Northern provinces?<br />
# Under which circumstances this order could be declined (e.g., a disease, an ill father or son to take care of)? <br />
# How would a minister notify it (through which means, which institution)? <br />
# What would be the possible sanctions towards a minister refusing to obey this kind of order although he has reasons to?<br />
# What were the duties of Surveillance Commissioner (觀察使) and Military Commissioner (節度使)? <br />
# What were the qualities that the king was looking for when appointing someone to these posts? <br />
# How important were these posts to local governance?<br />
# Could the contemporaries misinterpret these documents? In the case of 脫, it could be misread as "貺," which could change the meaning of the sentence...<br />
# Are there any examples of appointments being made without the use of such flattering language?<br />
# What was the process of appointing officials to their posts? Did the officials themselves have any say in the matter?<br />
# How significant was this post assigned to I Ŏnchŏk?<br />
# Define 'good governance'. What benefits to the common people was it supposed to bring? Was this realized?<br />
<br />
=='''Further Readings'''==<br />
<!--<br />
<div style="color:#008080;"><br />
* View together with '''~~'''.<br />
</div><br />
--><br />
*<br />
*<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''References'''==<br />
<references/><br />
《書·堯典》：“允釐百工，庶績咸熙。”<br />
<br />
=='''Translation'''==<br />
<br />
==='''(sample) : Jaeyoon Song'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
11. 罪關大憂, 錄狀啓稟官 堂上斷以卿衷, 故玆敎示 想宜知悉 <br />
If the crimes should raise grave concerns, you should report to the office, and the high ministers (ranking 3a and above) will make a judgment based on your faithful report. I, the king, hereby instruct you thus, and you should consider and remember all my instructions.<br />
<br />
Question: Why do you think the king praises the minister so effusively before assigning him as governor? <br />
<br />
Question: What are the roles and responsibilities of governors as defined by the king? How do those roles fit with your general understanding of Confucian values? <br />
<br />
Question: Among the roles and responsibilities assigned to governor,what are the most important task? <br />
<br />
Question: According to this document, how did the governor relate to the central government? What does this document show as to relations between the central and regional governments?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 1 : Yishu Ma'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
What is the relationship between the central government and local officials in the 16th century Joseon? How did they operate with each other? <br />
<br />
荐臻專城或存於▣▣赤子未蒙其實澤<br />
<br />
Translation: <br />
Successive local officials might be ...<br />
Common people have not yet received the real benefits [of governance].<br />
<br />
==='''Student 2 : Samuel Sai Hay Chan 陳世熙 진세희'''===<br />
----<br />
脫有▣(緩)急將何措宜益軫予懷其惟重臣 <br />
<br />
As to a sudden and urgent situation, what to do with it? One ought to handle it with measured deliberations. I can only think of one right minister [who is qualified to take up such task].<br />
<br />
Translator's note:<br />
<br />
1. The meaning of 脫有緩急 is evading for a modern reader. But it is apparently a very common idiom during the Choson dynasty. A search in the Veritable Records of the Choson Dynasty (조선왕조실록) yields 283 results. From my brief survey, the idiom seemingly refers to a sudden and urgent situation.<br />
<br />
Example: <br />
태종실록 14권, 태종 7년 7월 27일 戊寅 2번째기사 開雲浦至甘北浦水路五息, 陸路四息, 脫有緩急, 難以相救。 <br />
<br />
세종실록 88권, 세종 22년 3월 1일 癸卯 3번째기사 今聞高興新鎭, 置於隔海之地三十餘里, 脫有緩急, 人民被虜可慮。<br />
<br />
광해군일기[중초본] 7권, 광해 1년 6월 8일 丁巳 3번째기사 近因南邊稍靜, 人之視舟師若筌然, 減損兩湖入防之船, 只存本道船二十餘隻。 其勢將至於停罷, 脫有緩急, 將何以應敵乎?<br />
<br />
2. The document used a historical variation of the word "脫." For more, see 中華民國教育部 異體字字典 http://dict2.variants.moe.edu.tw/yitia/fra/fra03334.htm<br />
<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
I Ŏnchŏk was appointed to be an official in Kyŏnggi Province, the province that shared great proximity with the capital. How did this fact change the emphasize of what Yi was expected to do in his post? Compared to officials who were appointed to different areas in the country, how was Yi's post different than, say, its counterparts in the Northern provinces?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 3 : Younès M'Ghari'''===<br />
----<br />
惟卿 德涵內外 學造精微 敦大而高明 方嚴而簡默 <br />
<br />
Only you, minister, are embodied with virtue inside and outside. Your knowledge is profound and subtle. You are great and brilliant. You are upright and solemn, and [in the same time] simple and quiet.<br />
<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
Under which circumstances this order could be declined (e.g., a disease, an ill father or son to take care of)? How would a minister notify it (through which means, which institution)? What would be the possible sanctions towards a minister refusing to obey this kind of order although he has reasons to?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 4 : King Kwong Wong'''===<br />
----<br />
處論思之地 嘉猷累陳 作親民之官, 善政素著 <br />
When posited in situations of discussing your ideas, you repeatedly lay out excellent plans for governance. Being an official of renewing people, your good governance is always outstanding.<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
What were the duties of Surveillance Commissioner (觀察使) and Military Commissioner (節度使)? What were the qualities that the king was looking for when appointing someone to these posts? How important were these posts to local governance?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 5 : 신동조'''===<br />
----<br />
允釐庶績 方參廟謨 <br />
<br />
You have governed many tasks so sincerely that you can now participate in the discussion of the court.<br />
<br />
Discussion Questions: Could the contemporaries misinterpret these documents? In the case of 脫, it could be misread as "貺," which could change the meaning of the sentence...<br />
<br />
==='''Student 6 : Stacey Lui'''===<br />
----<br />
卿其體予倚任 專推卿孝友之政<br />
<br />
I deeply trust your character. Now you should devote yourself to extending the governance of filial piety and friendship.<br />
<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
Are there any examples of appointments being made without the use of such flattering language?<br />
<br />
What was the process of appointing officials to their posts? Did the officials themselves have any say in the matter? <br />
<br />
How significant was this post assigned to I Ŏnchŏk?<br />
<br />
Define 'good governance'. What benefits to the common people was it supposed to bring? Was this realised?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 7 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
課農桑以衣食吾民<br />
<br />
Study farming and sericulture to feed and clothe our people.<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 8 : Q'''===<br />
----<br />
明敎化以作新斯民<br />
<br />
Let moral suasion shine so as to renew this people of ours.<br />
<br />
作新斯民 as verb 作 + object 新斯民, which can also be thought of as verb 新 + object 斯民, can be seen [http://sillok.history.go.kr/main/main.do here].<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
How did the people of Choson court reconcile the abstract language, of which this is an example, and the possible implications regarding various issues mentioned in the process of applying them?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 9 : Yeonjae Ra'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
秉大公而嚴黜陟<br />
Hold onto the great fairness, and be strict to promotion and expel. <br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 10 : (Kanghun Ahn)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
揭至明而別情僞剸裁盤錯伸理冤枉<br />
<br />
Lifting up the supreme luminosity (intelligence), in order to differentiate what is right and wrong, cutting out the entangled issues, and relieving the unresolved grievances<br />
<br />
==='''Student 11 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 12 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 13 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 14 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop]]<br />
[[Category:Advanced Translation Group]]</div>Qhttp://dh.aks.ac.kr/jsg/index.php?title=(Translation)_1543%E5%B9%B4_%E6%9D%8E%E5%BD%A6%E8%BF%AA%E8%AB%AD%E6%9B%B8&diff=19330(Translation) 1543年 李彦迪諭書2019-07-18T05:46:53Z<p>Q: /* Introduction */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Primary Source Document3<br />
|Image = 1543년이언적유서.jpg<br />
|English = <br />
|Chinese = 1543年 李彦迪 諭書<br />
|Korean = 1543년 이언적 유서(''Yi Eonjeok Yuseo'')<br />
|Genre = [[Royal Court Documents]]<br />
|Type = Instructions<br />
|Author = 國王:中宗<br />
|Source = [http://archive.aks.ac.kr/Inspection/insDirView.aspx?dataUCI=G002+AKS+KSM-XA.1543.1111-20101008.B043a_065_00011_XXX Old Documents and Sources (한국고문서자료관)]<br />
|Year = 1543<br />
|Key Concepts= <br />
|Translator = [[2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop (Advanced)#Participants | Participants of 2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop (Advanced Translation Group)]]<br />
|Editor = <br />
|Translation Year = 2019<br />
}}<br />
[[File:Backward.png|right|40px|link=2019_JSG_Summer_Hanmun_Workshop_(Advanced)#.282019.29Primary_Sources_for_Korean_Studies]]<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''Introduction'''==<br />
Yi Ŏnchŏk (1491 - 1553) was a Confucian scholar during the Chosŏn (Joseon) dynasty. He is considered a pioneer in the process of establishing Neo-Confucianism of Chosŏn. Although he was never a student of Yi Ŏnchŏk, T'oegye Yi Hwang, one of the two most prominent Confucian scholars of Chosŏn, is known to have referred to Yi Ŏnchŏk as one of the sages of the East.<ref>http://encykorea.aks.ac.kr/Contents/SearchNavi?keyword=%EC%9D%B4%EC%96%B8%EC%A0%81&ridx=0&tot=46</ref><ref>https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9D%B4%EC%96%B8%EC%A0%81</ref><br />
<br />
Yusŏ, the "document of [King's] instructions," was one of the two documents—Kyosŏ, the "document of appointment, being the other one"—issued to the officials with military command at the time of their appointment. Originally, it functioned as the means of authenticating the orders of military deployment. However, as time went on, it acquired other functions such as transmitting the names of officials to be rewarded based on a previously filed reports or a royal directive intended for lower officials and commoners. <ref>Noh In Hwan 노인환. "Document Administration and Implementation of Gyoseo(敎書) and Yuseo(諭書) Issued to Provincial Governors in the Joseon Dynasty" 조선시대 관찰사(觀察使) 교서(敎書)와 유서(諭書)의 문서 행정과 운용. The Journal of Korean Historical Manuscripts 48:287-313. DOI:10.21027/manusc.2016.48..010</ref><ref>http://sillok.history.go.kr/id/kka_13807024_002</ref><ref>http://encykorea.aks.ac.kr/Contents/SearchNavi?keyword=%EC%9C%A0%EC%84%9C&ridx=1&tot=86</ref><ref>http://dh.aks.ac.kr/sillokwiki/index.php/%EC%9C%A0%EC%84%9C(%E8%AB%AD%E6%9B%B8)</ref><br />
<br />
=='''Original Script'''==<br />
<br />
{|class="wikitable" style="width:80%; font-size:110%; color:#002080; background-color:#ffffff;"<br />
!style="width:50%;"|Classical Chinese || style="width:50%;"| English <br />
|-<br />
|<br />
▣…▣ <br />
<br />
荐臻專城或存於▣▣ <br />
赤子未蒙其實澤<br />
脫有▣(緩)急, 將何措, <br />
宜益軫, 予懷其惟重臣<br />
惟卿, 德涵內外, 學造精微, 敦大而高明, <br />
方嚴而簡默, <br />
處論思之地, 嘉猷累陳, 作親民之官, 善政素著, <br />
允釐庶績, 方參廟謨, <br />
<br />
今授卿以本道觀察使兼兵馬水軍節度使<br />
卿其體予倚任<br />
專推卿孝友之政<br />
課農桑以衣食吾民<br />
明敎化以作新斯民<br />
秉大公而嚴黜陟<br />
揭至明而別情僞<br />
剸裁盤錯<br />
伸理冤枉, 罪關大憂, <br />
錄狀啓稟官 <br />
堂上斷以卿衷<br />
故玆敎示<br />
想宜知悉<br />
<br />
嘉靖▣…▣八月初十日<br />
<br />
<br />
||<br />
If those successive magistrates involve in..., common people would not receive the real benefits of governance. <br />
<br />
Confronted with sudden and urgent situations, how would we handle them? <br />
<br />
In my growing concern over these matters, I can only think of one important minister, which is you.<br />
<br />
You embody virtue within and without.<br />
<br />
In learning, you have reached at high levels of profundity and delicacy. <br />
<br />
You are great and brilliant.<br />
<br />
You are upright and solemn, and, at the same time, simple and quiet.<br />
<br />
When posited in situations of discussing your ideas, you have repeatedly laid out excellent plans for governance.<br />
<br />
Being an official of renewing the people, your good governance has always been outstanding.<br />
<br />
You have governed many tasks so sincerely and participated in the discussion in the court.<br />
<br />
As I now appoint you as Governor of Kyŏngsang (Gyeongsang) Province as well as its Navy Commissioner, you must attend to the mission that I assign to you; devote yourself to extending the governance of filial piety and friendship; feed and clothe My people by encouraging farming and sericulture; enlighten, thereby renewing them.<br />
<br />
Holding on to the great fairness, you must be strict in promotion and expulsion.<br />
<br />
Lifting the supreme intelligence, you must differentiate what is right and wrong.<br />
<br />
Cutting out the entangled issues, you must relieve the unresolved grievances.<br />
<br />
If the crimes should raise grave concerns, you should report them to the office.<br />
<br />
If the rank of the accused is not as high as the ministers of 3a, you may make a judgment based on your faithfulness.<br />
<br />
I, the King, hereby instruct you thus, and you should consider and remember all My instructions.<br />
<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=='''Discussion Questions'''==<br />
# Why do you think the king praises the minister so effusively before assigning him as governor?<br />
# What are the roles and responsibilities of governors as defined by the king? How do those roles fit with your general understanding of Confucian values?<br />
# Among the roles and responsibilities assigned to governor,what are the most important task?<br />
# According to this document, how did the governor relate to the central government? What does this document show as to relations between the central and regional governments?<br />
# What is the relationship between the central government and local officials in the 16th century Joseon? How did they operate with each other?<br />
# Yi Ŏnchŏk was appointed to be an official in Kyŏnggi Province, the province that shared great proximity with the capital. How did this fact change the emphasize of what Yi was expected to do in his post? Compared to officials who were appointed to different areas in the country, how was Yi's post different than, say, its counterparts in the Northern provinces?<br />
# Under which circumstances this order could be declined (e.g., a disease, an ill father or son to take care of)? <br />
# How would a minister notify it (through which means, which institution)? <br />
# What would be the possible sanctions towards a minister refusing to obey this kind of order although he has reasons to?<br />
# What were the duties of Surveillance Commissioner (觀察使) and Military Commissioner (節度使)? <br />
# What were the qualities that the king was looking for when appointing someone to these posts? <br />
# How important were these posts to local governance?<br />
# Could the contemporaries misinterpret these documents? In the case of 脫, it could be misread as "貺," which could change the meaning of the sentence...<br />
# Are there any examples of appointments being made without the use of such flattering language?<br />
# What was the process of appointing officials to their posts? Did the officials themselves have any say in the matter?<br />
# How significant was this post assigned to I Ŏnchŏk?<br />
# Define 'good governance'. What benefits to the common people was it supposed to bring? Was this realized?<br />
<br />
=='''Further Readings'''==<br />
<!--<br />
<div style="color:#008080;"><br />
* View together with '''~~'''.<br />
</div><br />
--><br />
*<br />
*<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''References'''==<br />
<references/><br />
《書·堯典》：“允釐百工，庶績咸熙。”<br />
<br />
=='''Translation'''==<br />
<br />
==='''(sample) : Jaeyoon Song'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
11. 罪關大憂, 錄狀啓稟官 堂上斷以卿衷, 故玆敎示 想宜知悉 <br />
If the crimes should raise grave concerns, you should report to the office, and the high ministers (ranking 3a and above) will make a judgment based on your faithful report. I, the king, hereby instruct you thus, and you should consider and remember all my instructions.<br />
<br />
Question: Why do you think the king praises the minister so effusively before assigning him as governor? <br />
<br />
Question: What are the roles and responsibilities of governors as defined by the king? How do those roles fit with your general understanding of Confucian values? <br />
<br />
Question: Among the roles and responsibilities assigned to governor,what are the most important task? <br />
<br />
Question: According to this document, how did the governor relate to the central government? What does this document show as to relations between the central and regional governments?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 1 : Yishu Ma'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
What is the relationship between the central government and local officials in the 16th century Joseon? How did they operate with each other? <br />
<br />
荐臻專城或存於▣▣赤子未蒙其實澤<br />
<br />
Translation: <br />
Successive local officials might be ...<br />
Common people have not yet received the real benefits [of governance].<br />
<br />
==='''Student 2 : Samuel Sai Hay Chan 陳世熙 진세희'''===<br />
----<br />
脫有▣(緩)急將何措宜益軫予懷其惟重臣 <br />
<br />
As to a sudden and urgent situation, what to do with it? One ought to handle it with measured deliberations. I can only think of one right minister [who is qualified to take up such task].<br />
<br />
Translator's note:<br />
<br />
1. The meaning of 脫有緩急 is evading for a modern reader. But it is apparently a very common idiom during the Choson dynasty. A search in the Veritable Records of the Choson Dynasty (조선왕조실록) yields 283 results. From my brief survey, the idiom seemingly refers to a sudden and urgent situation.<br />
<br />
Example: <br />
태종실록 14권, 태종 7년 7월 27일 戊寅 2번째기사 開雲浦至甘北浦水路五息, 陸路四息, 脫有緩急, 難以相救。 <br />
<br />
세종실록 88권, 세종 22년 3월 1일 癸卯 3번째기사 今聞高興新鎭, 置於隔海之地三十餘里, 脫有緩急, 人民被虜可慮。<br />
<br />
광해군일기[중초본] 7권, 광해 1년 6월 8일 丁巳 3번째기사 近因南邊稍靜, 人之視舟師若筌然, 減損兩湖入防之船, 只存本道船二十餘隻。 其勢將至於停罷, 脫有緩急, 將何以應敵乎?<br />
<br />
2. The document used a historical variation of the word "脫." For more, see 中華民國教育部 異體字字典 http://dict2.variants.moe.edu.tw/yitia/fra/fra03334.htm<br />
<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
I Ŏnchŏk was appointed to be an official in Kyŏnggi Province, the province that shared great proximity with the capital. How did this fact change the emphasize of what Yi was expected to do in his post? Compared to officials who were appointed to different areas in the country, how was Yi's post different than, say, its counterparts in the Northern provinces?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 3 : Younès M'Ghari'''===<br />
----<br />
惟卿 德涵內外 學造精微 敦大而高明 方嚴而簡默 <br />
<br />
Only you, minister, are embodied with virtue inside and outside. Your knowledge is profound and subtle. You are great and brilliant. You are upright and solemn, and [in the same time] simple and quiet.<br />
<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
Under which circumstances this order could be declined (e.g., a disease, an ill father or son to take care of)? How would a minister notify it (through which means, which institution)? What would be the possible sanctions towards a minister refusing to obey this kind of order although he has reasons to?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 4 : King Kwong Wong'''===<br />
----<br />
處論思之地 嘉猷累陳 作親民之官, 善政素著 <br />
When posited in situations of discussing your ideas, you repeatedly lay out excellent plans for governance. Being an official of renewing people, your good governance is always outstanding.<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
What were the duties of Surveillance Commissioner (觀察使) and Military Commissioner (節度使)? What were the qualities that the king was looking for when appointing someone to these posts? How important were these posts to local governance?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 5 : 신동조'''===<br />
----<br />
允釐庶績 方參廟謨 <br />
<br />
You have governed many tasks so sincerely that you can now participate in the discussion of the court.<br />
<br />
Discussion Questions: Could the contemporaries misinterpret these documents? In the case of 脫, it could be misread as "貺," which could change the meaning of the sentence...<br />
<br />
==='''Student 6 : Stacey Lui'''===<br />
----<br />
卿其體予倚任 專推卿孝友之政<br />
<br />
I deeply trust your character. Now you should devote yourself to extending the governance of filial piety and friendship.<br />
<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
Are there any examples of appointments being made without the use of such flattering language?<br />
<br />
What was the process of appointing officials to their posts? Did the officials themselves have any say in the matter? <br />
<br />
How significant was this post assigned to I Ŏnchŏk?<br />
<br />
Define 'good governance'. What benefits to the common people was it supposed to bring? Was this realised?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 7 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
課農桑以衣食吾民<br />
<br />
Study farming and sericulture to feed and clothe our people.<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 8 : Q'''===<br />
----<br />
明敎化以作新斯民<br />
<br />
Let moral suasion shine so as to renew this people of ours.<br />
<br />
作新斯民 as verb 作 + object 新斯民, which can also be thought of as verb 新 + object 斯民, can be seen [http://sillok.history.go.kr/main/main.do here].<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
How did the people of Choson court reconcile the abstract language, of which this is an example, and the possible implications regarding various issues mentioned in the process of applying them?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 9 : Yeonjae Ra'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
秉大公而嚴黜陟<br />
Hold onto the great fairness, and be strict to promotion and expel. <br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 10 : (Kanghun Ahn)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
揭至明而別情僞剸裁盤錯伸理冤枉<br />
<br />
Lifting up the supreme luminosity (intelligence), in order to differentiate what is right and wrong, cutting out the entangled issues, and relieving the unresolved grievances<br />
<br />
==='''Student 11 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 12 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 13 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 14 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop]]<br />
[[Category:Advanced Translation Group]]</div>Qhttp://dh.aks.ac.kr/jsg/index.php?title=(Translation)_1543%E5%B9%B4_%E6%9D%8E%E5%BD%A6%E8%BF%AA%E8%AB%AD%E6%9B%B8&diff=19329(Translation) 1543年 李彦迪諭書2019-07-18T05:40:54Z<p>Q: /* Introduction */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Primary Source Document3<br />
|Image = 1543년이언적유서.jpg<br />
|English = <br />
|Chinese = 1543年 李彦迪 諭書<br />
|Korean = 1543년 이언적 유서(''Yi Eonjeok Yuseo'')<br />
|Genre = [[Royal Court Documents]]<br />
|Type = Instructions<br />
|Author = 國王:中宗<br />
|Source = [http://archive.aks.ac.kr/Inspection/insDirView.aspx?dataUCI=G002+AKS+KSM-XA.1543.1111-20101008.B043a_065_00011_XXX Old Documents and Sources (한국고문서자료관)]<br />
|Year = 1543<br />
|Key Concepts= <br />
|Translator = [[2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop (Advanced)#Participants | Participants of 2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop (Advanced Translation Group)]]<br />
|Editor = <br />
|Translation Year = 2019<br />
}}<br />
[[File:Backward.png|right|40px|link=2019_JSG_Summer_Hanmun_Workshop_(Advanced)#.282019.29Primary_Sources_for_Korean_Studies]]<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''Introduction'''==<br />
Yi Ŏnchŏk (1491 - 1553) was a Confucian scholar during the Chosŏn (Joseon) dynasty. He is considered a pioneer in the process of establishing Neo-Confucianism of Chosŏn. Although he was never a student of Yi Ŏnchŏk, T'oegye Yi Hwang, one of the two most prominent Confucian scholars of Chosŏn, is known to have referred to Yi Ŏnchŏk as one of the sages of the East.<ref>http://encykorea.aks.ac.kr/Contents/SearchNavi?keyword=%EC%9D%B4%EC%96%B8%EC%A0%81&ridx=0&tot=46</ref><ref>https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9D%B4%EC%96%B8%EC%A0%81</ref><br />
<br />
Yusŏ, the "document of [King's] instructions," was one of the two documents—Kyosŏ, the "document of appointment, being the other one"—issued to the officials with military command at the time of their appointment. Originally, it functioned as the means of authenticating the orders of military deployment. However, as time went on, it acquired other functions such as transmitting the names of officials to be rewarded based on a previously filed reports or a royal directive intended for lower officials and commoners. <ref>DOI : 10.21027/manusc.2016.48..010</ref><ref>http://sillok.history.go.kr/id/kka_13807024_002</ref><ref>http://encykorea.aks.ac.kr/Contents/SearchNavi?keyword=%EC%9C%A0%EC%84%9C&ridx=1&tot=86</ref><ref>http://dh.aks.ac.kr/sillokwiki/index.php/%EC%9C%A0%EC%84%9C(%E8%AB%AD%E6%9B%B8)</ref><br />
<br />
=='''Original Script'''==<br />
<br />
{|class="wikitable" style="width:80%; font-size:110%; color:#002080; background-color:#ffffff;"<br />
!style="width:50%;"|Classical Chinese || style="width:50%;"| English <br />
|-<br />
|<br />
▣…▣ <br />
<br />
荐臻專城或存於▣▣ <br />
赤子未蒙其實澤<br />
脫有▣(緩)急, 將何措, <br />
宜益軫, 予懷其惟重臣<br />
惟卿, 德涵內外, 學造精微, 敦大而高明, <br />
方嚴而簡默, <br />
處論思之地, 嘉猷累陳, 作親民之官, 善政素著, <br />
允釐庶績, 方參廟謨, <br />
<br />
今授卿以本道觀察使兼兵馬水軍節度使<br />
卿其體予倚任<br />
專推卿孝友之政<br />
課農桑以衣食吾民<br />
明敎化以作新斯民<br />
秉大公而嚴黜陟<br />
揭至明而別情僞<br />
剸裁盤錯<br />
伸理冤枉, 罪關大憂, <br />
錄狀啓稟官 <br />
堂上斷以卿衷<br />
故玆敎示<br />
想宜知悉<br />
<br />
嘉靖▣…▣八月初十日<br />
<br />
<br />
||<br />
If those successive magistrates involve in..., common people would not receive the real benefits of governance. <br />
<br />
Confronted with sudden and urgent situations, how would we handle them? <br />
<br />
In my growing concern over these matters, I can only think of one important minister, which is you.<br />
<br />
You embody virtue within and without.<br />
<br />
In learning, you have reached at high levels of profundity and delicacy. <br />
<br />
You are great and brilliant.<br />
<br />
You are upright and solemn, and, at the same time, simple and quiet.<br />
<br />
When posited in situations of discussing your ideas, you have repeatedly laid out excellent plans for governance.<br />
<br />
Being an official of renewing the people, your good governance has always been outstanding.<br />
<br />
You have governed many tasks so sincerely and participated in the discussion in the court.<br />
<br />
As I now appoint you as Governor of Kyŏngsang (Gyeongsang) Province as well as its Navy Commissioner, you must attend to the mission that I assign to you; devote yourself to extending the governance of filial piety and friendship; feed and clothe My people by encouraging farming and sericulture; enlighten, thereby renewing them.<br />
<br />
Holding on to the great fairness, you must be strict in promotion and expulsion.<br />
<br />
Lifting the supreme intelligence, you must differentiate what is right and wrong.<br />
<br />
Cutting out the entangled issues, you must relieve the unresolved grievances.<br />
<br />
If the crimes should raise grave concerns, you should report them to the office.<br />
<br />
If the rank of the accused is not as high as the ministers of 3a, you may make a judgment based on your faithfulness.<br />
<br />
I, the King, hereby instruct you thus, and you should consider and remember all My instructions.<br />
<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=='''Discussion Questions'''==<br />
# Why do you think the king praises the minister so effusively before assigning him as governor?<br />
# What are the roles and responsibilities of governors as defined by the king? How do those roles fit with your general understanding of Confucian values?<br />
# Among the roles and responsibilities assigned to governor,what are the most important task?<br />
# According to this document, how did the governor relate to the central government? What does this document show as to relations between the central and regional governments?<br />
# What is the relationship between the central government and local officials in the 16th century Joseon? How did they operate with each other?<br />
# Yi Ŏnchŏk was appointed to be an official in Kyŏnggi Province, the province that shared great proximity with the capital. How did this fact change the emphasize of what Yi was expected to do in his post? Compared to officials who were appointed to different areas in the country, how was Yi's post different than, say, its counterparts in the Northern provinces?<br />
# Under which circumstances this order could be declined (e.g., a disease, an ill father or son to take care of)? <br />
# How would a minister notify it (through which means, which institution)? <br />
# What would be the possible sanctions towards a minister refusing to obey this kind of order although he has reasons to?<br />
# What were the duties of Surveillance Commissioner (觀察使) and Military Commissioner (節度使)? <br />
# What were the qualities that the king was looking for when appointing someone to these posts? <br />
# How important were these posts to local governance?<br />
# Could the contemporaries misinterpret these documents? In the case of 脫, it could be misread as "貺," which could change the meaning of the sentence...<br />
# Are there any examples of appointments being made without the use of such flattering language?<br />
# What was the process of appointing officials to their posts? Did the officials themselves have any say in the matter?<br />
# How significant was this post assigned to I Ŏnchŏk?<br />
# Define 'good governance'. What benefits to the common people was it supposed to bring? Was this realized?<br />
<br />
=='''Further Readings'''==<br />
<!--<br />
<div style="color:#008080;"><br />
* View together with '''~~'''.<br />
</div><br />
--><br />
*<br />
*<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''References'''==<br />
<references/><br />
《書·堯典》：“允釐百工，庶績咸熙。”<br />
<br />
=='''Translation'''==<br />
<br />
==='''(sample) : Jaeyoon Song'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
11. 罪關大憂, 錄狀啓稟官 堂上斷以卿衷, 故玆敎示 想宜知悉 <br />
If the crimes should raise grave concerns, you should report to the office, and the high ministers (ranking 3a and above) will make a judgment based on your faithful report. I, the king, hereby instruct you thus, and you should consider and remember all my instructions.<br />
<br />
Question: Why do you think the king praises the minister so effusively before assigning him as governor? <br />
<br />
Question: What are the roles and responsibilities of governors as defined by the king? How do those roles fit with your general understanding of Confucian values? <br />
<br />
Question: Among the roles and responsibilities assigned to governor,what are the most important task? <br />
<br />
Question: According to this document, how did the governor relate to the central government? What does this document show as to relations between the central and regional governments?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 1 : Yishu Ma'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
What is the relationship between the central government and local officials in the 16th century Joseon? How did they operate with each other? <br />
<br />
荐臻專城或存於▣▣赤子未蒙其實澤<br />
<br />
Translation: <br />
Successive local officials might be ...<br />
Common people have not yet received the real benefits [of governance].<br />
<br />
==='''Student 2 : Samuel Sai Hay Chan 陳世熙 진세희'''===<br />
----<br />
脫有▣(緩)急將何措宜益軫予懷其惟重臣 <br />
<br />
As to a sudden and urgent situation, what to do with it? One ought to handle it with measured deliberations. I can only think of one right minister [who is qualified to take up such task].<br />
<br />
Translator's note:<br />
<br />
1. The meaning of 脫有緩急 is evading for a modern reader. But it is apparently a very common idiom during the Choson dynasty. A search in the Veritable Records of the Choson Dynasty (조선왕조실록) yields 283 results. From my brief survey, the idiom seemingly refers to a sudden and urgent situation.<br />
<br />
Example: <br />
태종실록 14권, 태종 7년 7월 27일 戊寅 2번째기사 開雲浦至甘北浦水路五息, 陸路四息, 脫有緩急, 難以相救。 <br />
<br />
세종실록 88권, 세종 22년 3월 1일 癸卯 3번째기사 今聞高興新鎭, 置於隔海之地三十餘里, 脫有緩急, 人民被虜可慮。<br />
<br />
광해군일기[중초본] 7권, 광해 1년 6월 8일 丁巳 3번째기사 近因南邊稍靜, 人之視舟師若筌然, 減損兩湖入防之船, 只存本道船二十餘隻。 其勢將至於停罷, 脫有緩急, 將何以應敵乎?<br />
<br />
2. The document used a historical variation of the word "脫." For more, see 中華民國教育部 異體字字典 http://dict2.variants.moe.edu.tw/yitia/fra/fra03334.htm<br />
<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
I Ŏnchŏk was appointed to be an official in Kyŏnggi Province, the province that shared great proximity with the capital. How did this fact change the emphasize of what Yi was expected to do in his post? Compared to officials who were appointed to different areas in the country, how was Yi's post different than, say, its counterparts in the Northern provinces?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 3 : Younès M'Ghari'''===<br />
----<br />
惟卿 德涵內外 學造精微 敦大而高明 方嚴而簡默 <br />
<br />
Only you, minister, are embodied with virtue inside and outside. Your knowledge is profound and subtle. You are great and brilliant. You are upright and solemn, and [in the same time] simple and quiet.<br />
<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
Under which circumstances this order could be declined (e.g., a disease, an ill father or son to take care of)? How would a minister notify it (through which means, which institution)? What would be the possible sanctions towards a minister refusing to obey this kind of order although he has reasons to?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 4 : King Kwong Wong'''===<br />
----<br />
處論思之地 嘉猷累陳 作親民之官, 善政素著 <br />
When posited in situations of discussing your ideas, you repeatedly lay out excellent plans for governance. Being an official of renewing people, your good governance is always outstanding.<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
What were the duties of Surveillance Commissioner (觀察使) and Military Commissioner (節度使)? What were the qualities that the king was looking for when appointing someone to these posts? How important were these posts to local governance?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 5 : 신동조'''===<br />
----<br />
允釐庶績 方參廟謨 <br />
<br />
You have governed many tasks so sincerely that you can now participate in the discussion of the court.<br />
<br />
Discussion Questions: Could the contemporaries misinterpret these documents? In the case of 脫, it could be misread as "貺," which could change the meaning of the sentence...<br />
<br />
==='''Student 6 : Stacey Lui'''===<br />
----<br />
卿其體予倚任 專推卿孝友之政<br />
<br />
I deeply trust your character. Now you should devote yourself to extending the governance of filial piety and friendship.<br />
<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
Are there any examples of appointments being made without the use of such flattering language?<br />
<br />
What was the process of appointing officials to their posts? Did the officials themselves have any say in the matter? <br />
<br />
How significant was this post assigned to I Ŏnchŏk?<br />
<br />
Define 'good governance'. What benefits to the common people was it supposed to bring? Was this realised?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 7 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
課農桑以衣食吾民<br />
<br />
Study farming and sericulture to feed and clothe our people.<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 8 : Q'''===<br />
----<br />
明敎化以作新斯民<br />
<br />
Let moral suasion shine so as to renew this people of ours.<br />
<br />
作新斯民 as verb 作 + object 新斯民, which can also be thought of as verb 新 + object 斯民, can be seen [http://sillok.history.go.kr/main/main.do here].<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
How did the people of Choson court reconcile the abstract language, of which this is an example, and the possible implications regarding various issues mentioned in the process of applying them?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 9 : Yeonjae Ra'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
秉大公而嚴黜陟<br />
Hold onto the great fairness, and be strict to promotion and expel. <br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 10 : (Kanghun Ahn)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
揭至明而別情僞剸裁盤錯伸理冤枉<br />
<br />
Lifting up the supreme luminosity (intelligence), in order to differentiate what is right and wrong, cutting out the entangled issues, and relieving the unresolved grievances<br />
<br />
==='''Student 11 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 12 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 13 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 14 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop]]<br />
[[Category:Advanced Translation Group]]</div>Qhttp://dh.aks.ac.kr/jsg/index.php?title=(Translation)_1543%E5%B9%B4_%E6%9D%8E%E5%BD%A6%E8%BF%AA%E8%AB%AD%E6%9B%B8&diff=19327(Translation) 1543年 李彦迪諭書2019-07-18T05:37:30Z<p>Q: /* Introduction */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Primary Source Document3<br />
|Image = 1543년이언적유서.jpg<br />
|English = <br />
|Chinese = 1543年 李彦迪 諭書<br />
|Korean = 1543년 이언적 유서(''Yi Eonjeok Yuseo'')<br />
|Genre = [[Royal Court Documents]]<br />
|Type = Instructions<br />
|Author = 國王:中宗<br />
|Source = [http://archive.aks.ac.kr/Inspection/insDirView.aspx?dataUCI=G002+AKS+KSM-XA.1543.1111-20101008.B043a_065_00011_XXX Old Documents and Sources (한국고문서자료관)]<br />
|Year = 1543<br />
|Key Concepts= <br />
|Translator = [[2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop (Advanced)#Participants | Participants of 2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop (Advanced Translation Group)]]<br />
|Editor = <br />
|Translation Year = 2019<br />
}}<br />
[[File:Backward.png|right|40px|link=2019_JSG_Summer_Hanmun_Workshop_(Advanced)#.282019.29Primary_Sources_for_Korean_Studies]]<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''Introduction'''==<br />
Yi Ŏnchŏk (1491 - 1553) was a Confucian scholar during the Chosŏn (Joseon) dynasty. He is considered a pioneer in the process of establishing Neo-Confucianism of Chosŏn. Although he was never a student of Yi Ŏnchŏk, T'oegye Yi Hwang, one of the two most prominent Confucian scholars of Chosŏn, is known to have referred to Yi Ŏnchŏk as one of the sages of the East.<ref>http://encykorea.aks.ac.kr/Contents/SearchNavi?keyword=%EC%9D%B4%EC%96%B8%EC%A0%81&ridx=0&tot=46</ref><ref>https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9D%B4%EC%96%B8%EC%A0%81</ref><br />
<br />
Yusŏ, the "document of [King's] instructions," was one of the two documents--Kyosŏ, the "document of appointment,"--issued to the officials with military command at the time of their appointment. Originally, it functioned as the means of authenticating the orders of military deployment. However, as time went on, it acquired other functions such as transmitting the names of officials to be rewarded based on a previously filed reports or a royal directive intended for lower officials and commoners. <ref>DOI : 10.21027/manusc.2016.48..010</ref><ref>http://sillok.history.go.kr/id/kka_13807024_002</ref><ref>http://encykorea.aks.ac.kr/Contents/SearchNavi?keyword=%EC%9C%A0%EC%84%9C&ridx=1&tot=86</ref><ref>http://dh.aks.ac.kr/sillokwiki/index.php/%EC%9C%A0%EC%84%9C(%E8%AB%AD%E6%9B%B8)</ref><br />
<br />
=='''Original Script'''==<br />
<br />
{|class="wikitable" style="width:80%; font-size:110%; color:#002080; background-color:#ffffff;"<br />
!style="width:50%;"|Classical Chinese || style="width:50%;"| English <br />
|-<br />
|<br />
▣…▣ <br />
<br />
荐臻專城或存於▣▣ <br />
赤子未蒙其實澤<br />
脫有▣(緩)急, 將何措, <br />
宜益軫, 予懷其惟重臣<br />
惟卿, 德涵內外, 學造精微, 敦大而高明, <br />
方嚴而簡默, <br />
處論思之地, 嘉猷累陳, 作親民之官, 善政素著, <br />
允釐庶績, 方參廟謨, <br />
<br />
今授卿以本道觀察使兼兵馬水軍節度使<br />
卿其體予倚任<br />
專推卿孝友之政<br />
課農桑以衣食吾民<br />
明敎化以作新斯民<br />
秉大公而嚴黜陟<br />
揭至明而別情僞<br />
剸裁盤錯<br />
伸理冤枉, 罪關大憂, <br />
錄狀啓稟官 <br />
堂上斷以卿衷<br />
故玆敎示<br />
想宜知悉<br />
<br />
嘉靖▣…▣八月初十日<br />
<br />
<br />
||<br />
If those successive magistrates involve in..., common people would not receive the real benefits of governance. <br />
<br />
Confronted with sudden and urgent situations, how would we handle them? <br />
<br />
In my growing concern over these matters, I can only think of one important minister, which is you.<br />
<br />
You embody virtue within and without.<br />
<br />
In learning, you have reached at high levels of profundity and delicacy. <br />
<br />
You are great and brilliant.<br />
<br />
You are upright and solemn, and, at the same time, simple and quiet.<br />
<br />
When posited in situations of discussing your ideas, you have repeatedly laid out excellent plans for governance.<br />
<br />
Being an official of renewing the people, your good governance has always been outstanding.<br />
<br />
You have governed many tasks so sincerely and participated in the discussion in the court.<br />
<br />
As I now appoint you as Governor of Kyŏngsang (Gyeongsang) Province as well as its Navy Commissioner, you must attend to the mission that I assign to you; devote yourself to extending the governance of filial piety and friendship; feed and clothe My people by encouraging farming and sericulture; enlighten, thereby renewing them.<br />
<br />
Holding on to the great fairness, you must be strict in promotion and expulsion.<br />
<br />
Lifting the supreme intelligence, you must differentiate what is right and wrong.<br />
<br />
Cutting out the entangled issues, you must relieve the unresolved grievances.<br />
<br />
If the crimes should raise grave concerns, you should report them to the office.<br />
<br />
If the rank of the accused is not as high as the ministers of 3a, you may make a judgment based on your faithfulness.<br />
<br />
I, the King, hereby instruct you thus, and you should consider and remember all My instructions.<br />
<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=='''Discussion Questions'''==<br />
# Why do you think the king praises the minister so effusively before assigning him as governor?<br />
# What are the roles and responsibilities of governors as defined by the king? How do those roles fit with your general understanding of Confucian values?<br />
# Among the roles and responsibilities assigned to governor,what are the most important task?<br />
# According to this document, how did the governor relate to the central government? What does this document show as to relations between the central and regional governments?<br />
# What is the relationship between the central government and local officials in the 16th century Joseon? How did they operate with each other?<br />
# Yi Ŏnchŏk was appointed to be an official in Kyŏnggi Province, the province that shared great proximity with the capital. How did this fact change the emphasize of what Yi was expected to do in his post? Compared to officials who were appointed to different areas in the country, how was Yi's post different than, say, its counterparts in the Northern provinces?<br />
# Under which circumstances this order could be declined (e.g., a disease, an ill father or son to take care of)? <br />
# How would a minister notify it (through which means, which institution)? <br />
# What would be the possible sanctions towards a minister refusing to obey this kind of order although he has reasons to?<br />
# What were the duties of Surveillance Commissioner (觀察使) and Military Commissioner (節度使)? <br />
# What were the qualities that the king was looking for when appointing someone to these posts? <br />
# How important were these posts to local governance?<br />
# Could the contemporaries misinterpret these documents? In the case of 脫, it could be misread as "貺," which could change the meaning of the sentence...<br />
# Are there any examples of appointments being made without the use of such flattering language?<br />
# What was the process of appointing officials to their posts? Did the officials themselves have any say in the matter?<br />
# How significant was this post assigned to I Ŏnchŏk?<br />
# Define 'good governance'. What benefits to the common people was it supposed to bring? Was this realized?<br />
<br />
=='''Further Readings'''==<br />
<!--<br />
<div style="color:#008080;"><br />
* View together with '''~~'''.<br />
</div><br />
--><br />
*<br />
*<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''References'''==<br />
<references/><br />
《書·堯典》：“允釐百工，庶績咸熙。”<br />
<br />
=='''Translation'''==<br />
<br />
==='''(sample) : Jaeyoon Song'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
11. 罪關大憂, 錄狀啓稟官 堂上斷以卿衷, 故玆敎示 想宜知悉 <br />
If the crimes should raise grave concerns, you should report to the office, and the high ministers (ranking 3a and above) will make a judgment based on your faithful report. I, the king, hereby instruct you thus, and you should consider and remember all my instructions.<br />
<br />
Question: Why do you think the king praises the minister so effusively before assigning him as governor? <br />
<br />
Question: What are the roles and responsibilities of governors as defined by the king? How do those roles fit with your general understanding of Confucian values? <br />
<br />
Question: Among the roles and responsibilities assigned to governor,what are the most important task? <br />
<br />
Question: According to this document, how did the governor relate to the central government? What does this document show as to relations between the central and regional governments?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 1 : Yishu Ma'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
What is the relationship between the central government and local officials in the 16th century Joseon? How did they operate with each other? <br />
<br />
荐臻專城或存於▣▣赤子未蒙其實澤<br />
<br />
Translation: <br />
Successive local officials might be ...<br />
Common people have not yet received the real benefits [of governance].<br />
<br />
==='''Student 2 : Samuel Sai Hay Chan 陳世熙 진세희'''===<br />
----<br />
脫有▣(緩)急將何措宜益軫予懷其惟重臣 <br />
<br />
As to a sudden and urgent situation, what to do with it? One ought to handle it with measured deliberations. I can only think of one right minister [who is qualified to take up such task].<br />
<br />
Translator's note:<br />
<br />
1. The meaning of 脫有緩急 is evading for a modern reader. But it is apparently a very common idiom during the Choson dynasty. A search in the Veritable Records of the Choson Dynasty (조선왕조실록) yields 283 results. From my brief survey, the idiom seemingly refers to a sudden and urgent situation.<br />
<br />
Example: <br />
태종실록 14권, 태종 7년 7월 27일 戊寅 2번째기사 開雲浦至甘北浦水路五息, 陸路四息, 脫有緩急, 難以相救。 <br />
<br />
세종실록 88권, 세종 22년 3월 1일 癸卯 3번째기사 今聞高興新鎭, 置於隔海之地三十餘里, 脫有緩急, 人民被虜可慮。<br />
<br />
광해군일기[중초본] 7권, 광해 1년 6월 8일 丁巳 3번째기사 近因南邊稍靜, 人之視舟師若筌然, 減損兩湖入防之船, 只存本道船二十餘隻。 其勢將至於停罷, 脫有緩急, 將何以應敵乎?<br />
<br />
2. The document used a historical variation of the word "脫." For more, see 中華民國教育部 異體字字典 http://dict2.variants.moe.edu.tw/yitia/fra/fra03334.htm<br />
<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
I Ŏnchŏk was appointed to be an official in Kyŏnggi Province, the province that shared great proximity with the capital. How did this fact change the emphasize of what Yi was expected to do in his post? Compared to officials who were appointed to different areas in the country, how was Yi's post different than, say, its counterparts in the Northern provinces?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 3 : Younès M'Ghari'''===<br />
----<br />
惟卿 德涵內外 學造精微 敦大而高明 方嚴而簡默 <br />
<br />
Only you, minister, are embodied with virtue inside and outside. Your knowledge is profound and subtle. You are great and brilliant. You are upright and solemn, and [in the same time] simple and quiet.<br />
<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
Under which circumstances this order could be declined (e.g., a disease, an ill father or son to take care of)? How would a minister notify it (through which means, which institution)? What would be the possible sanctions towards a minister refusing to obey this kind of order although he has reasons to?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 4 : King Kwong Wong'''===<br />
----<br />
處論思之地 嘉猷累陳 作親民之官, 善政素著 <br />
When posited in situations of discussing your ideas, you repeatedly lay out excellent plans for governance. Being an official of renewing people, your good governance is always outstanding.<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
What were the duties of Surveillance Commissioner (觀察使) and Military Commissioner (節度使)? What were the qualities that the king was looking for when appointing someone to these posts? How important were these posts to local governance?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 5 : 신동조'''===<br />
----<br />
允釐庶績 方參廟謨 <br />
<br />
You have governed many tasks so sincerely that you can now participate in the discussion of the court.<br />
<br />
Discussion Questions: Could the contemporaries misinterpret these documents? In the case of 脫, it could be misread as "貺," which could change the meaning of the sentence...<br />
<br />
==='''Student 6 : Stacey Lui'''===<br />
----<br />
卿其體予倚任 專推卿孝友之政<br />
<br />
I deeply trust your character. Now you should devote yourself to extending the governance of filial piety and friendship.<br />
<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
Are there any examples of appointments being made without the use of such flattering language?<br />
<br />
What was the process of appointing officials to their posts? Did the officials themselves have any say in the matter? <br />
<br />
How significant was this post assigned to I Ŏnchŏk?<br />
<br />
Define 'good governance'. What benefits to the common people was it supposed to bring? Was this realised?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 7 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
課農桑以衣食吾民<br />
<br />
Study farming and sericulture to feed and clothe our people.<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 8 : Q'''===<br />
----<br />
明敎化以作新斯民<br />
<br />
Let moral suasion shine so as to renew this people of ours.<br />
<br />
作新斯民 as verb 作 + object 新斯民, which can also be thought of as verb 新 + object 斯民, can be seen [http://sillok.history.go.kr/main/main.do here].<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
How did the people of Choson court reconcile the abstract language, of which this is an example, and the possible implications regarding various issues mentioned in the process of applying them?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 9 : Yeonjae Ra'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
秉大公而嚴黜陟<br />
Hold onto the great fairness, and be strict to promotion and expel. <br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 10 : (Kanghun Ahn)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
揭至明而別情僞剸裁盤錯伸理冤枉<br />
<br />
Lifting up the supreme luminosity (intelligence), in order to differentiate what is right and wrong, cutting out the entangled issues, and relieving the unresolved grievances<br />
<br />
==='''Student 11 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 12 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 13 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 14 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop]]<br />
[[Category:Advanced Translation Group]]</div>Qhttp://dh.aks.ac.kr/jsg/index.php?title=(Translation)_1543%E5%B9%B4_%E6%9D%8E%E5%BD%A6%E8%BF%AA%E8%AB%AD%E6%9B%B8&diff=19325(Translation) 1543年 李彦迪諭書2019-07-18T05:35:12Z<p>Q: /* Introduction */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Primary Source Document3<br />
|Image = 1543년이언적유서.jpg<br />
|English = <br />
|Chinese = 1543年 李彦迪 諭書<br />
|Korean = 1543년 이언적 유서(''Yi Eonjeok Yuseo'')<br />
|Genre = [[Royal Court Documents]]<br />
|Type = Instructions<br />
|Author = 國王:中宗<br />
|Source = [http://archive.aks.ac.kr/Inspection/insDirView.aspx?dataUCI=G002+AKS+KSM-XA.1543.1111-20101008.B043a_065_00011_XXX Old Documents and Sources (한국고문서자료관)]<br />
|Year = 1543<br />
|Key Concepts= <br />
|Translator = [[2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop (Advanced)#Participants | Participants of 2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop (Advanced Translation Group)]]<br />
|Editor = <br />
|Translation Year = 2019<br />
}}<br />
[[File:Backward.png|right|40px|link=2019_JSG_Summer_Hanmun_Workshop_(Advanced)#.282019.29Primary_Sources_for_Korean_Studies]]<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''Introduction'''==<br />
Yi Ŏnchŏk (1491 - 1553) was a Confucian scholar during the Chosŏn (Joseon) dynasty. He is considered a pioneer in the process of establishing Neo-Confucianism of Chosŏn. Although he was never a student of Yi Ŏnchŏk, T'oegye Yi Hwang, one of the two most prominent Confucian scholars of Chosŏn, is known to have referred to Yi Ŏnchŏk as one of the sages of the East.<ref>http://encykorea.aks.ac.kr/Contents/SearchNavi?keyword=%EC%9D%B4%EC%96%B8%EC%A0%81&ridx=0&tot=46</ref><ref>https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9D%B4%EC%96%B8%EC%A0%81</ref><br />
<br />
Yusŏ, the "document of [King's] command," was one of the two documents--Kyosŏ, the "document of appointment,"--issued to the officials with military command at the time of their appointment. Originally, it functioned as the means of authenticating the orders of military deployment. However, as time went on, it acquired other functions such as transmitting the names of officials to be rewarded based on a previously filed reports or a royal directive intended for lower officials and commoners. <ref>DOI : 10.21027/manusc.2016.48..010</ref><ref>http://sillok.history.go.kr/id/kka_13807024_002</ref><ref>http://encykorea.aks.ac.kr/Contents/SearchNavi?keyword=%EC%9C%A0%EC%84%9C&ridx=1&tot=86</ref><ref>http://dh.aks.ac.kr/sillokwiki/index.php/%EC%9C%A0%EC%84%9C(%E8%AB%AD%E6%9B%B8)</ref><br />
<br />
=='''Original Script'''==<br />
<br />
{|class="wikitable" style="width:80%; font-size:110%; color:#002080; background-color:#ffffff;"<br />
!style="width:50%;"|Classical Chinese || style="width:50%;"| English <br />
|-<br />
|<br />
▣…▣ <br />
<br />
荐臻專城或存於▣▣ <br />
赤子未蒙其實澤<br />
脫有▣(緩)急, 將何措, <br />
宜益軫, 予懷其惟重臣<br />
惟卿, 德涵內外, 學造精微, 敦大而高明, <br />
方嚴而簡默, <br />
處論思之地, 嘉猷累陳, 作親民之官, 善政素著, <br />
允釐庶績, 方參廟謨, <br />
<br />
今授卿以本道觀察使兼兵馬水軍節度使<br />
卿其體予倚任<br />
專推卿孝友之政<br />
課農桑以衣食吾民<br />
明敎化以作新斯民<br />
秉大公而嚴黜陟<br />
揭至明而別情僞<br />
剸裁盤錯<br />
伸理冤枉, 罪關大憂, <br />
錄狀啓稟官 <br />
堂上斷以卿衷<br />
故玆敎示<br />
想宜知悉<br />
<br />
嘉靖▣…▣八月初十日<br />
<br />
<br />
||<br />
If those successive magistrates involve in..., common people would not receive the real benefits of governance. <br />
<br />
Confronted with sudden and urgent situations, how would we handle them? <br />
<br />
In my growing concern over these matters, I can only think of one important minister, which is you.<br />
<br />
You embody virtue within and without.<br />
<br />
In learning, you have reached at high levels of profundity and delicacy. <br />
<br />
You are great and brilliant.<br />
<br />
You are upright and solemn, and, at the same time, simple and quiet.<br />
<br />
When posited in situations of discussing your ideas, you have repeatedly laid out excellent plans for governance.<br />
<br />
Being an official of renewing the people, your good governance has always been outstanding.<br />
<br />
You have governed many tasks so sincerely and participated in the discussion in the court.<br />
<br />
As I now appoint you as Governor of Kyŏngsang (Gyeongsang) Province as well as its Navy Commissioner, you must attend to the mission that I assign to you; devote yourself to extending the governance of filial piety and friendship; feed and clothe My people by encouraging farming and sericulture; enlighten, thereby renewing them.<br />
<br />
Holding on to the great fairness, you must be strict in promotion and expulsion.<br />
<br />
Lifting the supreme intelligence, you must differentiate what is right and wrong.<br />
<br />
Cutting out the entangled issues, you must relieve the unresolved grievances.<br />
<br />
If the crimes should raise grave concerns, you should report them to the office.<br />
<br />
If the rank of the accused is not as high as the ministers of 3a, you may make a judgment based on your faithfulness.<br />
<br />
I, the King, hereby instruct you thus, and you should consider and remember all My instructions.<br />
<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=='''Discussion Questions'''==<br />
# Why do you think the king praises the minister so effusively before assigning him as governor?<br />
# What are the roles and responsibilities of governors as defined by the king? How do those roles fit with your general understanding of Confucian values?<br />
# Among the roles and responsibilities assigned to governor,what are the most important task?<br />
# According to this document, how did the governor relate to the central government? What does this document show as to relations between the central and regional governments?<br />
# What is the relationship between the central government and local officials in the 16th century Joseon? How did they operate with each other?<br />
# Yi Ŏnchŏk was appointed to be an official in Kyŏnggi Province, the province that shared great proximity with the capital. How did this fact change the emphasize of what Yi was expected to do in his post? Compared to officials who were appointed to different areas in the country, how was Yi's post different than, say, its counterparts in the Northern provinces?<br />
# Under which circumstances this order could be declined (e.g., a disease, an ill father or son to take care of)? <br />
# How would a minister notify it (through which means, which institution)? <br />
# What would be the possible sanctions towards a minister refusing to obey this kind of order although he has reasons to?<br />
# What were the duties of Surveillance Commissioner (觀察使) and Military Commissioner (節度使)? <br />
# What were the qualities that the king was looking for when appointing someone to these posts? <br />
# How important were these posts to local governance?<br />
# Could the contemporaries misinterpret these documents? In the case of 脫, it could be misread as "貺," which could change the meaning of the sentence...<br />
# Are there any examples of appointments being made without the use of such flattering language?<br />
# What was the process of appointing officials to their posts? Did the officials themselves have any say in the matter?<br />
# How significant was this post assigned to I Ŏnchŏk?<br />
# Define 'good governance'. What benefits to the common people was it supposed to bring? Was this realized?<br />
<br />
=='''Further Readings'''==<br />
<!--<br />
<div style="color:#008080;"><br />
* View together with '''~~'''.<br />
</div><br />
--><br />
*<br />
*<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''References'''==<br />
<references/><br />
《書·堯典》：“允釐百工，庶績咸熙。”<br />
<br />
=='''Translation'''==<br />
<br />
==='''(sample) : Jaeyoon Song'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
11. 罪關大憂, 錄狀啓稟官 堂上斷以卿衷, 故玆敎示 想宜知悉 <br />
If the crimes should raise grave concerns, you should report to the office, and the high ministers (ranking 3a and above) will make a judgment based on your faithful report. I, the king, hereby instruct you thus, and you should consider and remember all my instructions.<br />
<br />
Question: Why do you think the king praises the minister so effusively before assigning him as governor? <br />
<br />
Question: What are the roles and responsibilities of governors as defined by the king? How do those roles fit with your general understanding of Confucian values? <br />
<br />
Question: Among the roles and responsibilities assigned to governor,what are the most important task? <br />
<br />
Question: According to this document, how did the governor relate to the central government? What does this document show as to relations between the central and regional governments?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 1 : Yishu Ma'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
What is the relationship between the central government and local officials in the 16th century Joseon? How did they operate with each other? <br />
<br />
荐臻專城或存於▣▣赤子未蒙其實澤<br />
<br />
Translation: <br />
Successive local officials might be ...<br />
Common people have not yet received the real benefits [of governance].<br />
<br />
==='''Student 2 : Samuel Sai Hay Chan 陳世熙 진세희'''===<br />
----<br />
脫有▣(緩)急將何措宜益軫予懷其惟重臣 <br />
<br />
As to a sudden and urgent situation, what to do with it? One ought to handle it with measured deliberations. I can only think of one right minister [who is qualified to take up such task].<br />
<br />
Translator's note:<br />
<br />
1. The meaning of 脫有緩急 is evading for a modern reader. But it is apparently a very common idiom during the Choson dynasty. A search in the Veritable Records of the Choson Dynasty (조선왕조실록) yields 283 results. From my brief survey, the idiom seemingly refers to a sudden and urgent situation.<br />
<br />
Example: <br />
태종실록 14권, 태종 7년 7월 27일 戊寅 2번째기사 開雲浦至甘北浦水路五息, 陸路四息, 脫有緩急, 難以相救。 <br />
<br />
세종실록 88권, 세종 22년 3월 1일 癸卯 3번째기사 今聞高興新鎭, 置於隔海之地三十餘里, 脫有緩急, 人民被虜可慮。<br />
<br />
광해군일기[중초본] 7권, 광해 1년 6월 8일 丁巳 3번째기사 近因南邊稍靜, 人之視舟師若筌然, 減損兩湖入防之船, 只存本道船二十餘隻。 其勢將至於停罷, 脫有緩急, 將何以應敵乎?<br />
<br />
2. The document used a historical variation of the word "脫." For more, see 中華民國教育部 異體字字典 http://dict2.variants.moe.edu.tw/yitia/fra/fra03334.htm<br />
<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
I Ŏnchŏk was appointed to be an official in Kyŏnggi Province, the province that shared great proximity with the capital. How did this fact change the emphasize of what Yi was expected to do in his post? Compared to officials who were appointed to different areas in the country, how was Yi's post different than, say, its counterparts in the Northern provinces?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 3 : Younès M'Ghari'''===<br />
----<br />
惟卿 德涵內外 學造精微 敦大而高明 方嚴而簡默 <br />
<br />
Only you, minister, are embodied with virtue inside and outside. Your knowledge is profound and subtle. You are great and brilliant. You are upright and solemn, and [in the same time] simple and quiet.<br />
<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
Under which circumstances this order could be declined (e.g., a disease, an ill father or son to take care of)? How would a minister notify it (through which means, which institution)? What would be the possible sanctions towards a minister refusing to obey this kind of order although he has reasons to?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 4 : King Kwong Wong'''===<br />
----<br />
處論思之地 嘉猷累陳 作親民之官, 善政素著 <br />
When posited in situations of discussing your ideas, you repeatedly lay out excellent plans for governance. Being an official of renewing people, your good governance is always outstanding.<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
What were the duties of Surveillance Commissioner (觀察使) and Military Commissioner (節度使)? What were the qualities that the king was looking for when appointing someone to these posts? How important were these posts to local governance?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 5 : 신동조'''===<br />
----<br />
允釐庶績 方參廟謨 <br />
<br />
You have governed many tasks so sincerely that you can now participate in the discussion of the court.<br />
<br />
Discussion Questions: Could the contemporaries misinterpret these documents? In the case of 脫, it could be misread as "貺," which could change the meaning of the sentence...<br />
<br />
==='''Student 6 : Stacey Lui'''===<br />
----<br />
卿其體予倚任 專推卿孝友之政<br />
<br />
I deeply trust your character. Now you should devote yourself to extending the governance of filial piety and friendship.<br />
<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
Are there any examples of appointments being made without the use of such flattering language?<br />
<br />
What was the process of appointing officials to their posts? Did the officials themselves have any say in the matter? <br />
<br />
How significant was this post assigned to I Ŏnchŏk?<br />
<br />
Define 'good governance'. What benefits to the common people was it supposed to bring? Was this realised?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 7 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
課農桑以衣食吾民<br />
<br />
Study farming and sericulture to feed and clothe our people.<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 8 : Q'''===<br />
----<br />
明敎化以作新斯民<br />
<br />
Let moral suasion shine so as to renew this people of ours.<br />
<br />
作新斯民 as verb 作 + object 新斯民, which can also be thought of as verb 新 + object 斯民, can be seen [http://sillok.history.go.kr/main/main.do here].<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
How did the people of Choson court reconcile the abstract language, of which this is an example, and the possible implications regarding various issues mentioned in the process of applying them?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 9 : Yeonjae Ra'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
秉大公而嚴黜陟<br />
Hold onto the great fairness, and be strict to promotion and expel. <br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 10 : (Kanghun Ahn)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
揭至明而別情僞剸裁盤錯伸理冤枉<br />
<br />
Lifting up the supreme luminosity (intelligence), in order to differentiate what is right and wrong, cutting out the entangled issues, and relieving the unresolved grievances<br />
<br />
==='''Student 11 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 12 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 13 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 14 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop]]<br />
[[Category:Advanced Translation Group]]</div>Qhttp://dh.aks.ac.kr/jsg/index.php?title=(Translation)_1543%E5%B9%B4_%E6%9D%8E%E5%BD%A6%E8%BF%AA%E8%AB%AD%E6%9B%B8&diff=19316(Translation) 1543年 李彦迪諭書2019-07-18T05:15:20Z<p>Q: /* Introduction */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Primary Source Document3<br />
|Image = 1543년이언적유서.jpg<br />
|English = <br />
|Chinese = 1543年 李彦迪 諭書<br />
|Korean = 1543년 이언적 유서(''Yi Eonjeok Yuseo'')<br />
|Genre = [[Royal Court Documents]]<br />
|Type = Instructions<br />
|Author = 國王:中宗<br />
|Source = [http://archive.aks.ac.kr/Inspection/insDirView.aspx?dataUCI=G002+AKS+KSM-XA.1543.1111-20101008.B043a_065_00011_XXX Old Documents and Sources (한국고문서자료관)]<br />
|Year = 1543<br />
|Key Concepts= <br />
|Translator = [[2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop (Advanced)#Participants | Participants of 2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop (Advanced Translation Group)]]<br />
|Editor = <br />
|Translation Year = 2019<br />
}}<br />
[[File:Backward.png|right|40px|link=2019_JSG_Summer_Hanmun_Workshop_(Advanced)#.282019.29Primary_Sources_for_Korean_Studies]]<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''Introduction'''==<br />
Yi Ŏnchŏk (1491 - 1553) was a Confucian scholar during the Chosŏn (Joseon) dynasty. He is considered a pioneer in the process of establishing Neo-Confucianism of Chosŏn. Although he was never a student of Yi Ŏnchŏk, T'oegye Yi Hwang, one of the two most prominent Confucian scholars of Chosŏn, is known to have referred to Yi Ŏnchŏk as one of the sages of the East.<ref>http://encykorea.aks.ac.kr/Contents/SearchNavi?keyword=%EC%9D%B4%EC%96%B8%EC%A0%81&ridx=0&tot=46</ref><ref>https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9D%B4%EC%96%B8%EC%A0%81</ref><br />
<br />
Yusŏ<br />
<ref>DOI : 10.21027/manusc.2016.48..010</ref><br />
<ref>http://sillok.history.go.kr/id/kka_13807024_002</ref><br />
<br />
=='''Original Script'''==<br />
<br />
{|class="wikitable" style="width:80%; font-size:110%; color:#002080; background-color:#ffffff;"<br />
!style="width:50%;"|Classical Chinese || style="width:50%;"| English <br />
|-<br />
|<br />
▣…▣ <br />
<br />
荐臻專城或存於▣▣ <br />
赤子未蒙其實澤<br />
脫有▣(緩)急, 將何措, <br />
宜益軫, 予懷其惟重臣<br />
惟卿, 德涵內外, 學造精微, 敦大而高明, <br />
方嚴而簡默, <br />
處論思之地, 嘉猷累陳, 作親民之官, 善政素著, <br />
允釐庶績, 方參廟謨, <br />
<br />
今授卿以本道觀察使兼兵馬水軍節度使<br />
卿其體予倚任<br />
專推卿孝友之政<br />
課農桑以衣食吾民<br />
明敎化以作新斯民<br />
秉大公而嚴黜陟<br />
揭至明而別情僞<br />
剸裁盤錯<br />
伸理冤枉, 罪關大憂, <br />
錄狀啓稟官 <br />
堂上斷以卿衷<br />
故玆敎示<br />
想宜知悉<br />
<br />
嘉靖▣…▣八月初十日<br />
<br />
<br />
||<br />
If those successive magistrates involve in..., common people would not receive the real benefits of governance. <br />
<br />
Confronted with sudden and urgent situations, how would we handle them? <br />
<br />
In my growing concern over these matters, I can only think of one important minister, which is you.<br />
<br />
You embody virtue within and without.<br />
<br />
In learning, you have reached at high levels of profundity and delicacy. <br />
<br />
You are great and brilliant.<br />
<br />
You are upright and solemn, and, at the same time, simple and quiet.<br />
<br />
When posited in situations of discussing your ideas, you have repeatedly laid out excellent plans for governance.<br />
<br />
Being an official of renewing the people, your good governance has always been outstanding.<br />
<br />
You have governed many tasks so sincerely and participated in the discussion in the court.<br />
<br />
As I now appoint you as Governor of Kyŏngsang (Gyeongsang) Province as well as its Navy Commissioner, you must attend to the mission that I assign to you; devote yourself to extending the governance of filial piety and friendship; feed and clothe My people by encouraging farming and sericulture; enlighten, thereby renewing them.<br />
<br />
Holding on to the great fairness, you must be strict in promotion and expulsion.<br />
<br />
Lifting the supreme intelligence, you must differentiate what is right and wrong.<br />
<br />
Cutting out the entangled issues, you must relieve the unresolved grievances.<br />
<br />
If the crimes should raise grave concerns, you should report them to the office.<br />
<br />
If the rank of the accused is not as high as the ministers of 3a, you may make a judgment based on your faithfulness.<br />
<br />
I, the King, hereby instruct you thus, and you should consider and remember all My instructions.<br />
<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=='''Discussion Questions'''==<br />
# Why do you think the king praises the minister so effusively before assigning him as governor?<br />
# What are the roles and responsibilities of governors as defined by the king? How do those roles fit with your general understanding of Confucian values?<br />
# Among the roles and responsibilities assigned to governor,what are the most important task?<br />
# According to this document, how did the governor relate to the central government? What does this document show as to relations between the central and regional governments?<br />
# What is the relationship between the central government and local officials in the 16th century Joseon? How did they operate with each other?<br />
# Yi Ŏnchŏk was appointed to be an official in Kyŏnggi Province, the province that shared great proximity with the capital. How did this fact change the emphasize of what Yi was expected to do in his post? Compared to officials who were appointed to different areas in the country, how was Yi's post different than, say, its counterparts in the Northern provinces?<br />
# Under which circumstances this order could be declined (e.g., a disease, an ill father or son to take care of)? <br />
# How would a minister notify it (through which means, which institution)? <br />
# What would be the possible sanctions towards a minister refusing to obey this kind of order although he has reasons to?<br />
# What were the duties of Surveillance Commissioner (觀察使) and Military Commissioner (節度使)? <br />
# What were the qualities that the king was looking for when appointing someone to these posts? <br />
# How important were these posts to local governance?<br />
# Could the contemporaries misinterpret these documents? In the case of 脫, it could be misread as "貺," which could change the meaning of the sentence...<br />
# Are there any examples of appointments being made without the use of such flattering language?<br />
# What was the process of appointing officials to their posts? Did the officials themselves have any say in the matter?<br />
# How significant was this post assigned to I Ŏnchŏk?<br />
# Define 'good governance'. What benefits to the common people was it supposed to bring? Was this realized?<br />
<br />
=='''Further Readings'''==<br />
<!--<br />
<div style="color:#008080;"><br />
* View together with '''~~'''.<br />
</div><br />
--><br />
*<br />
*<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''References'''==<br />
<references/><br />
《書·堯典》：“允釐百工，庶績咸熙。”<br />
<br />
=='''Translation'''==<br />
<br />
==='''(sample) : Jaeyoon Song'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
11. 罪關大憂, 錄狀啓稟官 堂上斷以卿衷, 故玆敎示 想宜知悉 <br />
If the crimes should raise grave concerns, you should report to the office, and the high ministers (ranking 3a and above) will make a judgment based on your faithful report. I, the king, hereby instruct you thus, and you should consider and remember all my instructions.<br />
<br />
Question: Why do you think the king praises the minister so effusively before assigning him as governor? <br />
<br />
Question: What are the roles and responsibilities of governors as defined by the king? How do those roles fit with your general understanding of Confucian values? <br />
<br />
Question: Among the roles and responsibilities assigned to governor,what are the most important task? <br />
<br />
Question: According to this document, how did the governor relate to the central government? What does this document show as to relations between the central and regional governments?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 1 : Yishu Ma'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
What is the relationship between the central government and local officials in the 16th century Joseon? How did they operate with each other? <br />
<br />
荐臻專城或存於▣▣赤子未蒙其實澤<br />
<br />
Translation: <br />
Successive local officials might be ...<br />
Common people have not yet received the real benefits [of governance].<br />
<br />
==='''Student 2 : Samuel Sai Hay Chan 陳世熙 진세희'''===<br />
----<br />
脫有▣(緩)急將何措宜益軫予懷其惟重臣 <br />
<br />
As to a sudden and urgent situation, what to do with it? One ought to handle it with measured deliberations. I can only think of one right minister [who is qualified to take up such task].<br />
<br />
Translator's note:<br />
<br />
1. The meaning of 脫有緩急 is evading for a modern reader. But it is apparently a very common idiom during the Choson dynasty. A search in the Veritable Records of the Choson Dynasty (조선왕조실록) yields 283 results. From my brief survey, the idiom seemingly refers to a sudden and urgent situation.<br />
<br />
Example: <br />
태종실록 14권, 태종 7년 7월 27일 戊寅 2번째기사 開雲浦至甘北浦水路五息, 陸路四息, 脫有緩急, 難以相救。 <br />
<br />
세종실록 88권, 세종 22년 3월 1일 癸卯 3번째기사 今聞高興新鎭, 置於隔海之地三十餘里, 脫有緩急, 人民被虜可慮。<br />
<br />
광해군일기[중초본] 7권, 광해 1년 6월 8일 丁巳 3번째기사 近因南邊稍靜, 人之視舟師若筌然, 減損兩湖入防之船, 只存本道船二十餘隻。 其勢將至於停罷, 脫有緩急, 將何以應敵乎?<br />
<br />
2. The document used a historical variation of the word "脫." For more, see 中華民國教育部 異體字字典 http://dict2.variants.moe.edu.tw/yitia/fra/fra03334.htm<br />
<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
I Ŏnchŏk was appointed to be an official in Kyŏnggi Province, the province that shared great proximity with the capital. How did this fact change the emphasize of what Yi was expected to do in his post? Compared to officials who were appointed to different areas in the country, how was Yi's post different than, say, its counterparts in the Northern provinces?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 3 : Younès M'Ghari'''===<br />
----<br />
惟卿 德涵內外 學造精微 敦大而高明 方嚴而簡默 <br />
<br />
Only you, minister, are embodied with virtue inside and outside. Your knowledge is profound and subtle. You are great and brilliant. You are upright and solemn, and [in the same time] simple and quiet.<br />
<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
Under which circumstances this order could be declined (e.g., a disease, an ill father or son to take care of)? How would a minister notify it (through which means, which institution)? What would be the possible sanctions towards a minister refusing to obey this kind of order although he has reasons to?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 4 : King Kwong Wong'''===<br />
----<br />
處論思之地 嘉猷累陳 作親民之官, 善政素著 <br />
When posited in situations of discussing your ideas, you repeatedly lay out excellent plans for governance. Being an official of renewing people, your good governance is always outstanding.<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
What were the duties of Surveillance Commissioner (觀察使) and Military Commissioner (節度使)? What were the qualities that the king was looking for when appointing someone to these posts? How important were these posts to local governance?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 5 : 신동조'''===<br />
----<br />
允釐庶績 方參廟謨 <br />
<br />
You have governed many tasks so sincerely that you can now participate in the discussion of the court.<br />
<br />
Discussion Questions: Could the contemporaries misinterpret these documents? In the case of 脫, it could be misread as "貺," which could change the meaning of the sentence...<br />
<br />
==='''Student 6 : Stacey Lui'''===<br />
----<br />
卿其體予倚任 專推卿孝友之政<br />
<br />
I deeply trust your character. Now you should devote yourself to extending the governance of filial piety and friendship.<br />
<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
Are there any examples of appointments being made without the use of such flattering language?<br />
<br />
What was the process of appointing officials to their posts? Did the officials themselves have any say in the matter? <br />
<br />
How significant was this post assigned to I Ŏnchŏk?<br />
<br />
Define 'good governance'. What benefits to the common people was it supposed to bring? Was this realised?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 7 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
課農桑以衣食吾民<br />
<br />
Study farming and sericulture to feed and clothe our people.<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 8 : Q'''===<br />
----<br />
明敎化以作新斯民<br />
<br />
Let moral suasion shine so as to renew this people of ours.<br />
<br />
作新斯民 as verb 作 + object 新斯民, which can also be thought of as verb 新 + object 斯民, can be seen [http://sillok.history.go.kr/main/main.do here].<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
How did the people of Choson court reconcile the abstract language, of which this is an example, and the possible implications regarding various issues mentioned in the process of applying them?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 9 : Yeonjae Ra'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
秉大公而嚴黜陟<br />
Hold onto the great fairness, and be strict to promotion and expel. <br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 10 : (Kanghun Ahn)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
揭至明而別情僞剸裁盤錯伸理冤枉<br />
<br />
Lifting up the supreme luminosity (intelligence), in order to differentiate what is right and wrong, cutting out the entangled issues, and relieving the unresolved grievances<br />
<br />
==='''Student 11 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 12 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 13 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 14 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop]]<br />
[[Category:Advanced Translation Group]]</div>Qhttp://dh.aks.ac.kr/jsg/index.php?title=(Translation)_1543%E5%B9%B4_%E6%9D%8E%E5%BD%A6%E8%BF%AA%E8%AB%AD%E6%9B%B8&diff=19311(Translation) 1543年 李彦迪諭書2019-07-18T04:53:31Z<p>Q: /* Introduction */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Primary Source Document3<br />
|Image = 1543년이언적유서.jpg<br />
|English = <br />
|Chinese = 1543年 李彦迪 諭書<br />
|Korean = 1543년 이언적 유서(''Yi Eonjeok Yuseo'')<br />
|Genre = [[Royal Court Documents]]<br />
|Type = Instructions<br />
|Author = 國王:中宗<br />
|Source = [http://archive.aks.ac.kr/Inspection/insDirView.aspx?dataUCI=G002+AKS+KSM-XA.1543.1111-20101008.B043a_065_00011_XXX Old Documents and Sources (한국고문서자료관)]<br />
|Year = 1543<br />
|Key Concepts= <br />
|Translator = [[2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop (Advanced)#Participants | Participants of 2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop (Advanced Translation Group)]]<br />
|Editor = <br />
|Translation Year = 2019<br />
}}<br />
[[File:Backward.png|right|40px|link=2019_JSG_Summer_Hanmun_Workshop_(Advanced)#.282019.29Primary_Sources_for_Korean_Studies]]<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''Introduction'''==<br />
Yi Ŏnchŏk (1491 - 1553) was a Confucian scholar during the Chosŏn (Joseon) dynasty. He is considered a pioneer in the process of establishing Neo-Confucianism of Chosŏn. Although he was never a student of Yi Ŏnchŏk, T'oegye Yi Hwang, one of the two most prominent Confucian scholars of Chosŏn, is known to have referred to Yi Ŏnchŏk as one of the sages of the East.<ref>http://encykorea.aks.ac.kr/Contents/SearchNavi?keyword=%EC%9D%B4%EC%96%B8%EC%A0%81&ridx=0&tot=46</ref><ref>https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9D%B4%EC%96%B8%EC%A0%81</ref><br />
<br />
Yusŏ<br />
<ref>DOI : 10.21027/manusc.2016.48..010</ref><br />
<br />
=='''Original Script'''==<br />
<br />
{|class="wikitable" style="width:80%; font-size:110%; color:#002080; background-color:#ffffff;"<br />
!style="width:50%;"|Classical Chinese || style="width:50%;"| English <br />
|-<br />
|<br />
▣…▣ <br />
<br />
荐臻專城或存於▣▣ <br />
赤子未蒙其實澤<br />
脫有▣(緩)急, 將何措, <br />
宜益軫, 予懷其惟重臣<br />
惟卿, 德涵內外, 學造精微, 敦大而高明, <br />
方嚴而簡默, <br />
處論思之地, 嘉猷累陳, 作親民之官, 善政素著, <br />
允釐庶績, 方參廟謨, <br />
<br />
今授卿以本道觀察使兼兵馬水軍節度使<br />
卿其體予倚任<br />
專推卿孝友之政<br />
課農桑以衣食吾民<br />
明敎化以作新斯民<br />
秉大公而嚴黜陟<br />
揭至明而別情僞<br />
剸裁盤錯<br />
伸理冤枉, 罪關大憂, <br />
錄狀啓稟官 <br />
堂上斷以卿衷<br />
故玆敎示<br />
想宜知悉<br />
<br />
嘉靖▣…▣八月初十日<br />
<br />
<br />
||<br />
If those successive magistrates involve in..., common people would not receive the real benefits of governance. <br />
<br />
Confronted with sudden and urgent situations, how would we handle them? <br />
<br />
In my growing concern over these matters, I can only think of one important minister, which is you.<br />
<br />
You embody virtue within and without.<br />
<br />
In learning, you have reached at high levels of profundity and delicacy. <br />
<br />
You are great and brilliant.<br />
<br />
You are upright and solemn, and, at the same time, simple and quiet.<br />
<br />
When posited in situations of discussing your ideas, you have repeatedly laid out excellent plans for governance.<br />
<br />
Being an official of renewing the people, your good governance has always been outstanding.<br />
<br />
You have governed many tasks so sincerely and participated in the discussion in the court.<br />
<br />
As I now appoint you as Governor of Kyŏngsang (Gyeongsang) Province as well as its Navy Commissioner, you must attend to the mission that I assign to you; devote yourself to extending the governance of filial piety and friendship; feed and clothe My people by encouraging farming and sericulture; enlighten, thereby renewing them.<br />
<br />
Holding on to the great fairness, you must be strict in promotion and expulsion.<br />
<br />
Lifting the supreme intelligence, you must differentiate what is right and wrong.<br />
<br />
Cutting out the entangled issues, you must relieve the unresolved grievances.<br />
<br />
If the crimes should raise grave concerns, you should report them to the office.<br />
<br />
If the rank of the accused is not as high as the ministers of 3a, you may make a judgment based on your faithfulness.<br />
<br />
I, the King, hereby instruct you thus, and you should consider and remember all My instructions.<br />
<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=='''Discussion Questions'''==<br />
# Why do you think the king praises the minister so effusively before assigning him as governor?<br />
# What are the roles and responsibilities of governors as defined by the king? How do those roles fit with your general understanding of Confucian values?<br />
# Among the roles and responsibilities assigned to governor,what are the most important task?<br />
# According to this document, how did the governor relate to the central government? What does this document show as to relations between the central and regional governments?<br />
# What is the relationship between the central government and local officials in the 16th century Joseon? How did they operate with each other?<br />
# Yi Ŏnchŏk was appointed to be an official in Kyŏnggi Province, the province that shared great proximity with the capital. How did this fact change the emphasize of what Yi was expected to do in his post? Compared to officials who were appointed to different areas in the country, how was Yi's post different than, say, its counterparts in the Northern provinces?<br />
# Under which circumstances this order could be declined (e.g., a disease, an ill father or son to take care of)? <br />
# How would a minister notify it (through which means, which institution)? <br />
# What would be the possible sanctions towards a minister refusing to obey this kind of order although he has reasons to?<br />
# What were the duties of Surveillance Commissioner (觀察使) and Military Commissioner (節度使)? <br />
# What were the qualities that the king was looking for when appointing someone to these posts? <br />
# How important were these posts to local governance?<br />
# Could the contemporaries misinterpret these documents? In the case of 脫, it could be misread as "貺," which could change the meaning of the sentence...<br />
# Are there any examples of appointments being made without the use of such flattering language?<br />
# What was the process of appointing officials to their posts? Did the officials themselves have any say in the matter?<br />
# How significant was this post assigned to I Ŏnchŏk?<br />
# Define 'good governance'. What benefits to the common people was it supposed to bring? Was this realized?<br />
<br />
=='''Further Readings'''==<br />
<!--<br />
<div style="color:#008080;"><br />
* View together with '''~~'''.<br />
</div><br />
--><br />
*<br />
*<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''References'''==<br />
<references/><br />
《書·堯典》：“允釐百工，庶績咸熙。”<br />
<br />
=='''Translation'''==<br />
<br />
==='''(sample) : Jaeyoon Song'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
11. 罪關大憂, 錄狀啓稟官 堂上斷以卿衷, 故玆敎示 想宜知悉 <br />
If the crimes should raise grave concerns, you should report to the office, and the high ministers (ranking 3a and above) will make a judgment based on your faithful report. I, the king, hereby instruct you thus, and you should consider and remember all my instructions.<br />
<br />
Question: Why do you think the king praises the minister so effusively before assigning him as governor? <br />
<br />
Question: What are the roles and responsibilities of governors as defined by the king? How do those roles fit with your general understanding of Confucian values? <br />
<br />
Question: Among the roles and responsibilities assigned to governor,what are the most important task? <br />
<br />
Question: According to this document, how did the governor relate to the central government? What does this document show as to relations between the central and regional governments?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 1 : Yishu Ma'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
What is the relationship between the central government and local officials in the 16th century Joseon? How did they operate with each other? <br />
<br />
荐臻專城或存於▣▣赤子未蒙其實澤<br />
<br />
Translation: <br />
Successive local officials might be ...<br />
Common people have not yet received the real benefits [of governance].<br />
<br />
==='''Student 2 : Samuel Sai Hay Chan 陳世熙 진세희'''===<br />
----<br />
脫有▣(緩)急將何措宜益軫予懷其惟重臣 <br />
<br />
As to a sudden and urgent situation, what to do with it? One ought to handle it with measured deliberations. I can only think of one right minister [who is qualified to take up such task].<br />
<br />
Translator's note:<br />
<br />
1. The meaning of 脫有緩急 is evading for a modern reader. But it is apparently a very common idiom during the Choson dynasty. A search in the Veritable Records of the Choson Dynasty (조선왕조실록) yields 283 results. From my brief survey, the idiom seemingly refers to a sudden and urgent situation.<br />
<br />
Example: <br />
태종실록 14권, 태종 7년 7월 27일 戊寅 2번째기사 開雲浦至甘北浦水路五息, 陸路四息, 脫有緩急, 難以相救。 <br />
<br />
세종실록 88권, 세종 22년 3월 1일 癸卯 3번째기사 今聞高興新鎭, 置於隔海之地三十餘里, 脫有緩急, 人民被虜可慮。<br />
<br />
광해군일기[중초본] 7권, 광해 1년 6월 8일 丁巳 3번째기사 近因南邊稍靜, 人之視舟師若筌然, 減損兩湖入防之船, 只存本道船二十餘隻。 其勢將至於停罷, 脫有緩急, 將何以應敵乎?<br />
<br />
2. The document used a historical variation of the word "脫." For more, see 中華民國教育部 異體字字典 http://dict2.variants.moe.edu.tw/yitia/fra/fra03334.htm<br />
<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
I Ŏnchŏk was appointed to be an official in Kyŏnggi Province, the province that shared great proximity with the capital. How did this fact change the emphasize of what Yi was expected to do in his post? Compared to officials who were appointed to different areas in the country, how was Yi's post different than, say, its counterparts in the Northern provinces?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 3 : Younès M'Ghari'''===<br />
----<br />
惟卿 德涵內外 學造精微 敦大而高明 方嚴而簡默 <br />
<br />
Only you, minister, are embodied with virtue inside and outside. Your knowledge is profound and subtle. You are great and brilliant. You are upright and solemn, and [in the same time] simple and quiet.<br />
<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
Under which circumstances this order could be declined (e.g., a disease, an ill father or son to take care of)? How would a minister notify it (through which means, which institution)? What would be the possible sanctions towards a minister refusing to obey this kind of order although he has reasons to?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 4 : King Kwong Wong'''===<br />
----<br />
處論思之地 嘉猷累陳 作親民之官, 善政素著 <br />
When posited in situations of discussing your ideas, you repeatedly lay out excellent plans for governance. Being an official of renewing people, your good governance is always outstanding.<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
What were the duties of Surveillance Commissioner (觀察使) and Military Commissioner (節度使)? What were the qualities that the king was looking for when appointing someone to these posts? How important were these posts to local governance?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 5 : 신동조'''===<br />
----<br />
允釐庶績 方參廟謨 <br />
<br />
You have governed many tasks so sincerely that you can now participate in the discussion of the court.<br />
<br />
Discussion Questions: Could the contemporaries misinterpret these documents? In the case of 脫, it could be misread as "貺," which could change the meaning of the sentence...<br />
<br />
==='''Student 6 : Stacey Lui'''===<br />
----<br />
卿其體予倚任 專推卿孝友之政<br />
<br />
I deeply trust your character. Now you should devote yourself to extending the governance of filial piety and friendship.<br />
<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
Are there any examples of appointments being made without the use of such flattering language?<br />
<br />
What was the process of appointing officials to their posts? Did the officials themselves have any say in the matter? <br />
<br />
How significant was this post assigned to I Ŏnchŏk?<br />
<br />
Define 'good governance'. What benefits to the common people was it supposed to bring? Was this realised?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 7 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
課農桑以衣食吾民<br />
<br />
Study farming and sericulture to feed and clothe our people.<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 8 : Q'''===<br />
----<br />
明敎化以作新斯民<br />
<br />
Let moral suasion shine so as to renew this people of ours.<br />
<br />
作新斯民 as verb 作 + object 新斯民, which can also be thought of as verb 新 + object 斯民, can be seen [http://sillok.history.go.kr/main/main.do here].<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
How did the people of Choson court reconcile the abstract language, of which this is an example, and the possible implications regarding various issues mentioned in the process of applying them?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 9 : Yeonjae Ra'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
秉大公而嚴黜陟<br />
Hold onto the great fairness, and be strict to promotion and expel. <br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 10 : (Kanghun Ahn)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
揭至明而別情僞剸裁盤錯伸理冤枉<br />
<br />
Lifting up the supreme luminosity (intelligence), in order to differentiate what is right and wrong, cutting out the entangled issues, and relieving the unresolved grievances<br />
<br />
==='''Student 11 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 12 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 13 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 14 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop]]<br />
[[Category:Advanced Translation Group]]</div>Qhttp://dh.aks.ac.kr/jsg/index.php?title=(Translation)_1543%E5%B9%B4_%E6%9D%8E%E5%BD%A6%E8%BF%AA%E8%AB%AD%E6%9B%B8&diff=19306(Translation) 1543年 李彦迪諭書2019-07-18T02:28:40Z<p>Q: /* Introduction */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Primary Source Document3<br />
|Image = 1543년이언적유서.jpg<br />
|English = <br />
|Chinese = 1543年 李彦迪 諭書<br />
|Korean = 1543년 이언적 유서(''Yi Eonjeok Yuseo'')<br />
|Genre = [[Royal Court Documents]]<br />
|Type = Instructions<br />
|Author = 國王:中宗<br />
|Source = [http://archive.aks.ac.kr/Inspection/insDirView.aspx?dataUCI=G002+AKS+KSM-XA.1543.1111-20101008.B043a_065_00011_XXX Old Documents and Sources (한국고문서자료관)]<br />
|Year = 1543<br />
|Key Concepts= <br />
|Translator = [[2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop (Advanced)#Participants | Participants of 2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop (Advanced Translation Group)]]<br />
|Editor = <br />
|Translation Year = 2019<br />
}}<br />
[[File:Backward.png|right|40px|link=2019_JSG_Summer_Hanmun_Workshop_(Advanced)#.282019.29Primary_Sources_for_Korean_Studies]]<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''Introduction'''==<br />
Yi Ŏnchŏk (1491 - 1553) was a Confucian scholar during the Chosŏn (Joseon) dynasty. He is considered a pioneer in the process of establishing Neo-Confucianism of Chosŏn. Although he was never a student of Yi Ŏnchŏk, T'oegye Yi Hwang, one of the two most prominent Confucian scholars of Chosŏn, is known to have referred to Yi Ŏnchŏk as one of the sages of the East.<br />
<br />
=='''Original Script'''==<br />
<br />
{|class="wikitable" style="width:80%; font-size:110%; color:#002080; background-color:#ffffff;"<br />
!style="width:50%;"|Classical Chinese || style="width:50%;"| English <br />
|-<br />
|<br />
▣…▣ <br />
<br />
荐臻專城或存於▣▣ <br />
赤子未蒙其實澤<br />
脫有▣(緩)急, 將何措, <br />
宜益軫, 予懷其惟重臣<br />
惟卿, 德涵內外, 學造精微, 敦大而高明, <br />
方嚴而簡默, <br />
處論思之地, 嘉猷累陳, 作親民之官, 善政素著, <br />
允釐庶績, 方參廟謨, <br />
<br />
今授卿以本道觀察使兼兵馬水軍節度使<br />
卿其體予倚任<br />
專推卿孝友之政<br />
課農桑以衣食吾民<br />
明敎化以作新斯民<br />
秉大公而嚴黜陟<br />
揭至明而別情僞<br />
剸裁盤錯<br />
伸理冤枉, 罪關大憂, <br />
錄狀啓稟官 <br />
堂上斷以卿衷<br />
故玆敎示<br />
想宜知悉<br />
<br />
嘉靖▣…▣八月初十日<br />
<br />
<br />
||<br />
If those successive magistrates involve in..., common people would not receive the real benefits of governance. <br />
<br />
Confronted with sudden and urgent situations, how would we handle them? <br />
<br />
In my growing concern over these matters, I can only think of one important minister, which is you.<br />
<br />
You embody virtue within and without.<br />
<br />
In learning, you have reached at high levels of profundity and delicacy. <br />
<br />
You are great and brilliant.<br />
<br />
You are upright and solemn, and, at the same time, simple and quiet.<br />
<br />
When posited in situations of discussing your ideas, you have repeatedly laid out excellent plans for governance.<br />
<br />
Being an official of renewing the people, your good governance has always been outstanding.<br />
<br />
You have governed many tasks so sincerely and participated in the discussion in the court.<br />
<br />
As I now appoint you as Governor of Kyŏngsang (Gyeongsang) Province as well as its Navy Commissioner, you must attend to the mission that I assign to you; devote yourself to extending the governance of filial piety and friendship; feed and clothe My people by encouraging farming and sericulture; enlighten, thereby renewing them.<br />
<br />
Holding on to the great fairness, you must be strict in promotion and expulsion.<br />
<br />
Lifting the supreme intelligence, you must differentiate what is right and wrong.<br />
<br />
Cutting out the entangled issues, you must relieve the unresolved grievances.<br />
<br />
If the crimes should raise grave concerns, you should report them to the office.<br />
<br />
If the rank of the accused is not as high as the ministers of 3a, you may make a judgment based on your faithfulness.<br />
<br />
I, the King, hereby instruct you thus, and you should consider and remember all My instructions.<br />
<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=='''Discussion Questions'''==<br />
# Why do you think the king praises the minister so effusively before assigning him as governor?<br />
# What are the roles and responsibilities of governors as defined by the king? How do those roles fit with your general understanding of Confucian values?<br />
# Among the roles and responsibilities assigned to governor,what are the most important task?<br />
# According to this document, how did the governor relate to the central government? What does this document show as to relations between the central and regional governments?<br />
# What is the relationship between the central government and local officials in the 16th century Joseon? How did they operate with each other?<br />
# Yi Ŏnchŏk was appointed to be an official in Kyŏnggi Province, the province that shared great proximity with the capital. How did this fact change the emphasize of what Yi was expected to do in his post? Compared to officials who were appointed to different areas in the country, how was Yi's post different than, say, its counterparts in the Northern provinces?<br />
# Under which circumstances this order could be declined (e.g., a disease, an ill father or son to take care of)? <br />
# How would a minister notify it (through which means, which institution)? <br />
# What would be the possible sanctions towards a minister refusing to obey this kind of order although he has reasons to?<br />
# What were the duties of Surveillance Commissioner (觀察使) and Military Commissioner (節度使)? <br />
# What were the qualities that the king was looking for when appointing someone to these posts? <br />
# How important were these posts to local governance?<br />
# Could the contemporaries misinterpret these documents? In the case of 脫, it could be misread as "貺," which could change the meaning of the sentence...<br />
# Are there any examples of appointments being made without the use of such flattering language?<br />
# What was the process of appointing officials to their posts? Did the officials themselves have any say in the matter?<br />
# How significant was this post assigned to I Ŏnchŏk?<br />
# Define 'good governance'. What benefits to the common people was it supposed to bring? Was this realized?<br />
<br />
=='''Further Readings'''==<br />
<!--<br />
<div style="color:#008080;"><br />
* View together with '''~~'''.<br />
</div><br />
--><br />
*<br />
*<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''References'''==<br />
<references/><br />
《書·堯典》：“允釐百工，庶績咸熙。”<br />
<br />
=='''Translation'''==<br />
<br />
==='''(sample) : Jaeyoon Song'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
11. 罪關大憂, 錄狀啓稟官 堂上斷以卿衷, 故玆敎示 想宜知悉 <br />
If the crimes should raise grave concerns, you should report to the office, and the high ministers (ranking 3a and above) will make a judgment based on your faithful report. I, the king, hereby instruct you thus, and you should consider and remember all my instructions.<br />
<br />
Question: Why do you think the king praises the minister so effusively before assigning him as governor? <br />
<br />
Question: What are the roles and responsibilities of governors as defined by the king? How do those roles fit with your general understanding of Confucian values? <br />
<br />
Question: Among the roles and responsibilities assigned to governor,what are the most important task? <br />
<br />
Question: According to this document, how did the governor relate to the central government? What does this document show as to relations between the central and regional governments?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 1 : Yishu Ma'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
What is the relationship between the central government and local officials in the 16th century Joseon? How did they operate with each other? <br />
<br />
荐臻專城或存於▣▣赤子未蒙其實澤<br />
<br />
Translation: <br />
Successive local officials might be ...<br />
Common people have not yet received the real benefits [of governance].<br />
<br />
==='''Student 2 : Samuel Sai Hay Chan 陳世熙 진세희'''===<br />
----<br />
脫有▣(緩)急將何措宜益軫予懷其惟重臣 <br />
<br />
As to a sudden and urgent situation, what to do with it? One ought to handle it with measured deliberations. I can only think of one right minister [who is qualified to take up such task].<br />
<br />
Translator's note:<br />
<br />
1. The meaning of 脫有緩急 is evading for a modern reader. But it is apparently a very common idiom during the Choson dynasty. A search in the Veritable Records of the Choson Dynasty (조선왕조실록) yields 283 results. From my brief survey, the idiom seemingly refers to a sudden and urgent situation.<br />
<br />
Example: <br />
태종실록 14권, 태종 7년 7월 27일 戊寅 2번째기사 開雲浦至甘北浦水路五息, 陸路四息, 脫有緩急, 難以相救。 <br />
<br />
세종실록 88권, 세종 22년 3월 1일 癸卯 3번째기사 今聞高興新鎭, 置於隔海之地三十餘里, 脫有緩急, 人民被虜可慮。<br />
<br />
광해군일기[중초본] 7권, 광해 1년 6월 8일 丁巳 3번째기사 近因南邊稍靜, 人之視舟師若筌然, 減損兩湖入防之船, 只存本道船二十餘隻。 其勢將至於停罷, 脫有緩急, 將何以應敵乎?<br />
<br />
2. The document used a historical variation of the word "脫." For more, see 中華民國教育部 異體字字典 http://dict2.variants.moe.edu.tw/yitia/fra/fra03334.htm<br />
<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
I Ŏnchŏk was appointed to be an official in Kyŏnggi Province, the province that shared great proximity with the capital. How did this fact change the emphasize of what Yi was expected to do in his post? Compared to officials who were appointed to different areas in the country, how was Yi's post different than, say, its counterparts in the Northern provinces?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 3 : Younès M'Ghari'''===<br />
----<br />
惟卿 德涵內外 學造精微 敦大而高明 方嚴而簡默 <br />
<br />
Only you, minister, are embodied with virtue inside and outside. Your knowledge is profound and subtle. You are great and brilliant. You are upright and solemn, and [in the same time] simple and quiet.<br />
<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
Under which circumstances this order could be declined (e.g., a disease, an ill father or son to take care of)? How would a minister notify it (through which means, which institution)? What would be the possible sanctions towards a minister refusing to obey this kind of order although he has reasons to?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 4 : King Kwong Wong'''===<br />
----<br />
處論思之地 嘉猷累陳 作親民之官, 善政素著 <br />
When posited in situations of discussing your ideas, you repeatedly lay out excellent plans for governance. Being an official of renewing people, your good governance is always outstanding.<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
What were the duties of Surveillance Commissioner (觀察使) and Military Commissioner (節度使)? What were the qualities that the king was looking for when appointing someone to these posts? How important were these posts to local governance?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 5 : 신동조'''===<br />
----<br />
允釐庶績 方參廟謨 <br />
<br />
You have governed many tasks so sincerely that you can now participate in the discussion of the court.<br />
<br />
Discussion Questions: Could the contemporaries misinterpret these documents? In the case of 脫, it could be misread as "貺," which could change the meaning of the sentence...<br />
<br />
==='''Student 6 : Stacey Lui'''===<br />
----<br />
卿其體予倚任 專推卿孝友之政<br />
<br />
I deeply trust your character. Now you should devote yourself to extending the governance of filial piety and friendship.<br />
<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
Are there any examples of appointments being made without the use of such flattering language?<br />
<br />
What was the process of appointing officials to their posts? Did the officials themselves have any say in the matter? <br />
<br />
How significant was this post assigned to I Ŏnchŏk?<br />
<br />
Define 'good governance'. What benefits to the common people was it supposed to bring? Was this realised?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 7 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
課農桑以衣食吾民<br />
<br />
Study farming and sericulture to feed and clothe our people.<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 8 : Q'''===<br />
----<br />
明敎化以作新斯民<br />
<br />
Let moral suasion shine so as to renew this people of ours.<br />
<br />
作新斯民 as verb 作 + object 新斯民, which can also be thought of as verb 新 + object 斯民, can be seen [http://sillok.history.go.kr/main/main.do here].<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
How did the people of Choson court reconcile the abstract language, of which this is an example, and the possible implications regarding various issues mentioned in the process of applying them?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 9 : Yeonjae Ra'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
秉大公而嚴黜陟<br />
Hold onto the great fairness, and be strict to promotion and expel. <br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 10 : (Kanghun Ahn)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
揭至明而別情僞剸裁盤錯伸理冤枉<br />
<br />
Lifting up the supreme luminosity (intelligence), in order to differentiate what is right and wrong, cutting out the entangled issues, and relieving the unresolved grievances<br />
<br />
==='''Student 11 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 12 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 13 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 14 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop]]<br />
[[Category:Advanced Translation Group]]</div>Qhttp://dh.aks.ac.kr/jsg/index.php?title=(Translation)_1543%E5%B9%B4_%E6%9D%8E%E5%BD%A6%E8%BF%AA%E8%AB%AD%E6%9B%B8&diff=19302(Translation) 1543年 李彦迪諭書2019-07-18T02:05:58Z<p>Q: /* Discussion Questions */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Primary Source Document3<br />
|Image = 1543년이언적유서.jpg<br />
|English = <br />
|Chinese = 1543年 李彦迪 諭書<br />
|Korean = 1543년 이언적 유서(''Yi Eonjeok Yuseo'')<br />
|Genre = [[Royal Court Documents]]<br />
|Type = Instructions<br />
|Author = 國王:中宗<br />
|Source = [http://archive.aks.ac.kr/Inspection/insDirView.aspx?dataUCI=G002+AKS+KSM-XA.1543.1111-20101008.B043a_065_00011_XXX Old Documents and Sources (한국고문서자료관)]<br />
|Year = 1543<br />
|Key Concepts= <br />
|Translator = [[2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop (Advanced)#Participants | Participants of 2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop (Advanced Translation Group)]]<br />
|Editor = <br />
|Translation Year = 2019<br />
}}<br />
[[File:Backward.png|right|40px|link=2019_JSG_Summer_Hanmun_Workshop_(Advanced)#.282019.29Primary_Sources_for_Korean_Studies]]<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''Introduction'''==<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''Original Script'''==<br />
<br />
{|class="wikitable" style="width:80%; font-size:110%; color:#002080; background-color:#ffffff;"<br />
!style="width:50%;"|Classical Chinese || style="width:50%;"| English <br />
|-<br />
|<br />
▣…▣ <br />
<br />
荐臻專城或存於▣▣ <br />
赤子未蒙其實澤<br />
脫有▣(緩)急, 將何措, <br />
宜益軫, 予懷其惟重臣<br />
惟卿, 德涵內外, 學造精微, 敦大而高明, <br />
方嚴而簡默, <br />
處論思之地, 嘉猷累陳, 作親民之官, 善政素著, <br />
允釐庶績, 方參廟謨, <br />
<br />
今授卿以本道觀察使兼兵馬水軍節度使<br />
卿其體予倚任<br />
專推卿孝友之政<br />
課農桑以衣食吾民<br />
明敎化以作新斯民<br />
秉大公而嚴黜陟<br />
揭至明而別情僞<br />
剸裁盤錯<br />
伸理冤枉, 罪關大憂, <br />
錄狀啓稟官 <br />
堂上斷以卿衷<br />
故玆敎示<br />
想宜知悉<br />
<br />
嘉靖▣…▣八月初十日<br />
<br />
<br />
||<br />
If those successive magistrates involve in..., common people would not receive the real benefits of governance. <br />
<br />
Confronted with sudden and urgent situations, how would we handle them? <br />
<br />
In my growing concern over these matters, I can only think of one important minister, which is you.<br />
<br />
You embody virtue within and without.<br />
<br />
In learning, you have reached at high levels of profundity and delicacy. <br />
<br />
You are great and brilliant.<br />
<br />
You are upright and solemn, and, at the same time, simple and quiet.<br />
<br />
When posited in situations of discussing your ideas, you have repeatedly laid out excellent plans for governance.<br />
<br />
Being an official of renewing the people, your good governance has always been outstanding.<br />
<br />
You have governed many tasks so sincerely and participated in the discussion in the court.<br />
<br />
As I now appoint you as Governor of Kyŏngsang (Gyeongsang) Province as well as its Navy Commissioner, you must attend to the mission that I assign to you; devote yourself to extending the governance of filial piety and friendship; feed and clothe My people by encouraging farming and sericulture; enlighten, thereby renewing them.<br />
<br />
Holding on to the great fairness, you must be strict in promotion and expulsion.<br />
<br />
Lifting the supreme intelligence, you must differentiate what is right and wrong.<br />
<br />
Cutting out the entangled issues, you must relieve the unresolved grievances.<br />
<br />
If the crimes should raise grave concerns, you should report them to the office.<br />
<br />
If the rank of the accused is not as high as the ministers of 3a, you may make a judgment based on your faithfulness.<br />
<br />
I, the King, hereby instruct you thus, and you should consider and remember all My instructions.<br />
<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=='''Discussion Questions'''==<br />
# Why do you think the king praises the minister so effusively before assigning him as governor?<br />
# What are the roles and responsibilities of governors as defined by the king? How do those roles fit with your general understanding of Confucian values?<br />
# Among the roles and responsibilities assigned to governor,what are the most important task?<br />
# According to this document, how did the governor relate to the central government? What does this document show as to relations between the central and regional governments?<br />
# What is the relationship between the central government and local officials in the 16th century Joseon? How did they operate with each other?<br />
# Yi Ŏnchŏk was appointed to be an official in Kyŏnggi Province, the province that shared great proximity with the capital. How did this fact change the emphasize of what Yi was expected to do in his post? Compared to officials who were appointed to different areas in the country, how was Yi's post different than, say, its counterparts in the Northern provinces?<br />
# Under which circumstances this order could be declined (e.g., a disease, an ill father or son to take care of)? <br />
# How would a minister notify it (through which means, which institution)? <br />
# What would be the possible sanctions towards a minister refusing to obey this kind of order although he has reasons to?<br />
# What were the duties of Surveillance Commissioner (觀察使) and Military Commissioner (節度使)? <br />
# What were the qualities that the king was looking for when appointing someone to these posts? <br />
# How important were these posts to local governance?<br />
# Could the contemporaries misinterpret these documents? In the case of 脫, it could be misread as "貺," which could change the meaning of the sentence...<br />
# Are there any examples of appointments being made without the use of such flattering language?<br />
# What was the process of appointing officials to their posts? Did the officials themselves have any say in the matter?<br />
# How significant was this post assigned to I Ŏnchŏk?<br />
# Define 'good governance'. What benefits to the common people was it supposed to bring? Was this realized?<br />
<br />
=='''Further Readings'''==<br />
<!--<br />
<div style="color:#008080;"><br />
* View together with '''~~'''.<br />
</div><br />
--><br />
*<br />
*<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''References'''==<br />
<references/><br />
《書·堯典》：“允釐百工，庶績咸熙。”<br />
<br />
=='''Translation'''==<br />
<br />
==='''(sample) : Jaeyoon Song'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
11. 罪關大憂, 錄狀啓稟官 堂上斷以卿衷, 故玆敎示 想宜知悉 <br />
If the crimes should raise grave concerns, you should report to the office, and the high ministers (ranking 3a and above) will make a judgment based on your faithful report. I, the king, hereby instruct you thus, and you should consider and remember all my instructions.<br />
<br />
Question: Why do you think the king praises the minister so effusively before assigning him as governor? <br />
<br />
Question: What are the roles and responsibilities of governors as defined by the king? How do those roles fit with your general understanding of Confucian values? <br />
<br />
Question: Among the roles and responsibilities assigned to governor,what are the most important task? <br />
<br />
Question: According to this document, how did the governor relate to the central government? What does this document show as to relations between the central and regional governments?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 1 : Yishu Ma'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
What is the relationship between the central government and local officials in the 16th century Joseon? How did they operate with each other? <br />
<br />
荐臻專城或存於▣▣赤子未蒙其實澤<br />
<br />
Translation: <br />
Successive local officials might be ...<br />
Common people have not yet received the real benefits [of governance].<br />
<br />
==='''Student 2 : Samuel Sai Hay Chan 陳世熙 진세희'''===<br />
----<br />
脫有▣(緩)急將何措宜益軫予懷其惟重臣 <br />
<br />
As to a sudden and urgent situation, what to do with it? One ought to handle it with measured deliberations. I can only think of one right minister [who is qualified to take up such task].<br />
<br />
Translator's note:<br />
<br />
1. The meaning of 脫有緩急 is evading for a modern reader. But it is apparently a very common idiom during the Choson dynasty. A search in the Veritable Records of the Choson Dynasty (조선왕조실록) yields 283 results. From my brief survey, the idiom seemingly refers to a sudden and urgent situation.<br />
<br />
Example: <br />
태종실록 14권, 태종 7년 7월 27일 戊寅 2번째기사 開雲浦至甘北浦水路五息, 陸路四息, 脫有緩急, 難以相救。 <br />
<br />
세종실록 88권, 세종 22년 3월 1일 癸卯 3번째기사 今聞高興新鎭, 置於隔海之地三十餘里, 脫有緩急, 人民被虜可慮。<br />
<br />
광해군일기[중초본] 7권, 광해 1년 6월 8일 丁巳 3번째기사 近因南邊稍靜, 人之視舟師若筌然, 減損兩湖入防之船, 只存本道船二十餘隻。 其勢將至於停罷, 脫有緩急, 將何以應敵乎?<br />
<br />
2. The document used a historical variation of the word "脫." For more, see 中華民國教育部 異體字字典 http://dict2.variants.moe.edu.tw/yitia/fra/fra03334.htm<br />
<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
I Ŏnchŏk was appointed to be an official in Kyŏnggi Province, the province that shared great proximity with the capital. How did this fact change the emphasize of what Yi was expected to do in his post? Compared to officials who were appointed to different areas in the country, how was Yi's post different than, say, its counterparts in the Northern provinces?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 3 : Younès M'Ghari'''===<br />
----<br />
惟卿 德涵內外 學造精微 敦大而高明 方嚴而簡默 <br />
<br />
Only you, minister, are embodied with virtue inside and outside. Your knowledge is profound and subtle. You are great and brilliant. You are upright and solemn, and [in the same time] simple and quiet.<br />
<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
Under which circumstances this order could be declined (e.g., a disease, an ill father or son to take care of)? How would a minister notify it (through which means, which institution)? What would be the possible sanctions towards a minister refusing to obey this kind of order although he has reasons to?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 4 : King Kwong Wong'''===<br />
----<br />
處論思之地 嘉猷累陳 作親民之官, 善政素著 <br />
When posited in situations of discussing your ideas, you repeatedly lay out excellent plans for governance. Being an official of renewing people, your good governance is always outstanding.<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
What were the duties of Surveillance Commissioner (觀察使) and Military Commissioner (節度使)? What were the qualities that the king was looking for when appointing someone to these posts? How important were these posts to local governance?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 5 : 신동조'''===<br />
----<br />
允釐庶績 方參廟謨 <br />
<br />
You have governed many tasks so sincerely that you can now participate in the discussion of the court.<br />
<br />
Discussion Questions: Could the contemporaries misinterpret these documents? In the case of 脫, it could be misread as "貺," which could change the meaning of the sentence...<br />
<br />
==='''Student 6 : Stacey Lui'''===<br />
----<br />
卿其體予倚任 專推卿孝友之政<br />
<br />
I deeply trust your character. Now you should devote yourself to extending the governance of filial piety and friendship.<br />
<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
Are there any examples of appointments being made without the use of such flattering language?<br />
<br />
What was the process of appointing officials to their posts? Did the officials themselves have any say in the matter? <br />
<br />
How significant was this post assigned to I Ŏnchŏk?<br />
<br />
Define 'good governance'. What benefits to the common people was it supposed to bring? Was this realised?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 7 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
課農桑以衣食吾民<br />
<br />
Study farming and sericulture to feed and clothe our people.<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 8 : Q'''===<br />
----<br />
明敎化以作新斯民<br />
<br />
Let moral suasion shine so as to renew this people of ours.<br />
<br />
作新斯民 as verb 作 + object 新斯民, which can also be thought of as verb 新 + object 斯民, can be seen [http://sillok.history.go.kr/main/main.do here].<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
How did the people of Choson court reconcile the abstract language, of which this is an example, and the possible implications regarding various issues mentioned in the process of applying them?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 9 : Yeonjae Ra'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
秉大公而嚴黜陟<br />
Hold onto the great fairness, and be strict to promotion and expel. <br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 10 : (Kanghun Ahn)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
揭至明而別情僞剸裁盤錯伸理冤枉<br />
<br />
Lifting up the supreme luminosity (intelligence), in order to differentiate what is right and wrong, cutting out the entangled issues, and relieving the unresolved grievances<br />
<br />
==='''Student 11 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 12 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 13 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 14 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop]]<br />
[[Category:Advanced Translation Group]]</div>Qhttp://dh.aks.ac.kr/jsg/index.php?title=(Translation)_1543%E5%B9%B4_%E6%9D%8E%E5%BD%A6%E8%BF%AA%E8%AB%AD%E6%9B%B8&diff=19299(Translation) 1543年 李彦迪諭書2019-07-18T01:57:59Z<p>Q: /* Original Script */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Primary Source Document3<br />
|Image = 1543년이언적유서.jpg<br />
|English = <br />
|Chinese = 1543年 李彦迪 諭書<br />
|Korean = 1543년 이언적 유서(''Yi Eonjeok Yuseo'')<br />
|Genre = [[Royal Court Documents]]<br />
|Type = Instructions<br />
|Author = 國王:中宗<br />
|Source = [http://archive.aks.ac.kr/Inspection/insDirView.aspx?dataUCI=G002+AKS+KSM-XA.1543.1111-20101008.B043a_065_00011_XXX Old Documents and Sources (한국고문서자료관)]<br />
|Year = 1543<br />
|Key Concepts= <br />
|Translator = [[2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop (Advanced)#Participants | Participants of 2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop (Advanced Translation Group)]]<br />
|Editor = <br />
|Translation Year = 2019<br />
}}<br />
[[File:Backward.png|right|40px|link=2019_JSG_Summer_Hanmun_Workshop_(Advanced)#.282019.29Primary_Sources_for_Korean_Studies]]<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''Introduction'''==<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''Original Script'''==<br />
<br />
{|class="wikitable" style="width:80%; font-size:110%; color:#002080; background-color:#ffffff;"<br />
!style="width:50%;"|Classical Chinese || style="width:50%;"| English <br />
|-<br />
|<br />
▣…▣ <br />
<br />
荐臻專城或存於▣▣ <br />
赤子未蒙其實澤<br />
脫有▣(緩)急, 將何措, <br />
宜益軫, 予懷其惟重臣<br />
惟卿, 德涵內外, 學造精微, 敦大而高明, <br />
方嚴而簡默, <br />
處論思之地, 嘉猷累陳, 作親民之官, 善政素著, <br />
允釐庶績, 方參廟謨, <br />
<br />
今授卿以本道觀察使兼兵馬水軍節度使<br />
卿其體予倚任<br />
專推卿孝友之政<br />
課農桑以衣食吾民<br />
明敎化以作新斯民<br />
秉大公而嚴黜陟<br />
揭至明而別情僞<br />
剸裁盤錯<br />
伸理冤枉, 罪關大憂, <br />
錄狀啓稟官 <br />
堂上斷以卿衷<br />
故玆敎示<br />
想宜知悉<br />
<br />
嘉靖▣…▣八月初十日<br />
<br />
<br />
||<br />
If those successive magistrates involve in..., common people would not receive the real benefits of governance. <br />
<br />
Confronted with sudden and urgent situations, how would we handle them? <br />
<br />
In my growing concern over these matters, I can only think of one important minister, which is you.<br />
<br />
You embody virtue within and without.<br />
<br />
In learning, you have reached at high levels of profundity and delicacy. <br />
<br />
You are great and brilliant.<br />
<br />
You are upright and solemn, and, at the same time, simple and quiet.<br />
<br />
When posited in situations of discussing your ideas, you have repeatedly laid out excellent plans for governance.<br />
<br />
Being an official of renewing the people, your good governance has always been outstanding.<br />
<br />
You have governed many tasks so sincerely and participated in the discussion in the court.<br />
<br />
As I now appoint you as Governor of Kyŏngsang (Gyeongsang) Province as well as its Navy Commissioner, you must attend to the mission that I assign to you; devote yourself to extending the governance of filial piety and friendship; feed and clothe My people by encouraging farming and sericulture; enlighten, thereby renewing them.<br />
<br />
Holding on to the great fairness, you must be strict in promotion and expulsion.<br />
<br />
Lifting the supreme intelligence, you must differentiate what is right and wrong.<br />
<br />
Cutting out the entangled issues, you must relieve the unresolved grievances.<br />
<br />
If the crimes should raise grave concerns, you should report them to the office.<br />
<br />
If the rank of the accused is not as high as the ministers of 3a, you may make a judgment based on your faithfulness.<br />
<br />
I, the King, hereby instruct you thus, and you should consider and remember all My instructions.<br />
<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=='''Discussion Questions'''==<br />
#<br />
#<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''Further Readings'''==<br />
<!--<br />
<div style="color:#008080;"><br />
* View together with '''~~'''.<br />
</div><br />
--><br />
*<br />
*<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''References'''==<br />
<references/><br />
《書·堯典》：“允釐百工，庶績咸熙。”<br />
<br />
=='''Translation'''==<br />
<br />
==='''(sample) : Jaeyoon Song'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
11. 罪關大憂, 錄狀啓稟官 堂上斷以卿衷, 故玆敎示 想宜知悉 <br />
If the crimes should raise grave concerns, you should report to the office, and the high ministers (ranking 3a and above) will make a judgment based on your faithful report. I, the king, hereby instruct you thus, and you should consider and remember all my instructions.<br />
<br />
Question: Why do you think the king praises the minister so effusively before assigning him as governor? <br />
<br />
Question: What are the roles and responsibilities of governors as defined by the king? How do those roles fit with your general understanding of Confucian values? <br />
<br />
Question: Among the roles and responsibilities assigned to governor,what are the most important task? <br />
<br />
Question: According to this document, how did the governor relate to the central government? What does this document show as to relations between the central and regional governments?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 1 : Yishu Ma'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
What is the relationship between the central government and local officials in the 16th century Joseon? How did they operate with each other? <br />
<br />
荐臻專城或存於▣▣赤子未蒙其實澤<br />
<br />
Translation: <br />
Successive local officials might be ...<br />
Common people have not yet received the real benefits [of governance].<br />
<br />
==='''Student 2 : Samuel Sai Hay Chan 陳世熙 진세희'''===<br />
----<br />
脫有▣(緩)急將何措宜益軫予懷其惟重臣 <br />
<br />
As to a sudden and urgent situation, what to do with it? One ought to handle it with measured deliberations. I can only think of one right minister [who is qualified to take up such task].<br />
<br />
Translator's note:<br />
<br />
1. The meaning of 脫有緩急 is evading for a modern reader. But it is apparently a very common idiom during the Choson dynasty. A search in the Veritable Records of the Choson Dynasty (조선왕조실록) yields 283 results. From my brief survey, the idiom seemingly refers to a sudden and urgent situation.<br />
<br />
Example: <br />
태종실록 14권, 태종 7년 7월 27일 戊寅 2번째기사 開雲浦至甘北浦水路五息, 陸路四息, 脫有緩急, 難以相救。 <br />
<br />
세종실록 88권, 세종 22년 3월 1일 癸卯 3번째기사 今聞高興新鎭, 置於隔海之地三十餘里, 脫有緩急, 人民被虜可慮。<br />
<br />
광해군일기[중초본] 7권, 광해 1년 6월 8일 丁巳 3번째기사 近因南邊稍靜, 人之視舟師若筌然, 減損兩湖入防之船, 只存本道船二十餘隻。 其勢將至於停罷, 脫有緩急, 將何以應敵乎?<br />
<br />
2. The document used a historical variation of the word "脫." For more, see 中華民國教育部 異體字字典 http://dict2.variants.moe.edu.tw/yitia/fra/fra03334.htm<br />
<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
I Ŏnchŏk was appointed to be an official in Kyŏnggi Province, the province that shared great proximity with the capital. How did this fact change the emphasize of what Yi was expected to do in his post? Compared to officials who were appointed to different areas in the country, how was Yi's post different than, say, its counterparts in the Northern provinces?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 3 : Younès M'Ghari'''===<br />
----<br />
惟卿 德涵內外 學造精微 敦大而高明 方嚴而簡默 <br />
<br />
Only you, minister, are embodied with virtue inside and outside. Your knowledge is profound and subtle. You are great and brilliant. You are upright and solemn, and [in the same time] simple and quiet.<br />
<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
Under which circumstances this order could be declined (e.g., a disease, an ill father or son to take care of)? How would a minister notify it (through which means, which institution)? What would be the possible sanctions towards a minister refusing to obey this kind of order although he has reasons to?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 4 : King Kwong Wong'''===<br />
----<br />
處論思之地 嘉猷累陳 作親民之官, 善政素著 <br />
When posited in situations of discussing your ideas, you repeatedly lay out excellent plans for governance. Being an official of renewing people, your good governance is always outstanding.<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
What were the duties of Surveillance Commissioner (觀察使) and Military Commissioner (節度使)? What were the qualities that the king was looking for when appointing someone to these posts? How important were these posts to local governance?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 5 : 신동조'''===<br />
----<br />
允釐庶績 方參廟謨 <br />
<br />
You have governed many tasks so sincerely that you can now participate in the discussion of the court.<br />
<br />
Discussion Questions: Could the contemporaries misinterpret these documents? In the case of 脫, it could be misread as "貺," which could change the meaning of the sentence...<br />
<br />
==='''Student 6 : Stacey Lui'''===<br />
----<br />
卿其體予倚任 專推卿孝友之政<br />
<br />
I deeply trust your character. Now you should devote yourself to extending the governance of filial piety and friendship.<br />
<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
Are there any examples of appointments being made without the use of such flattering language?<br />
<br />
What was the process of appointing officials to their posts? Did the officials themselves have any say in the matter? <br />
<br />
How significant was this post assigned to I Ŏnchŏk?<br />
<br />
Define 'good governance'. What benefits to the common people was it supposed to bring? Was this realised?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 7 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
課農桑以衣食吾民<br />
<br />
Study farming and sericulture to feed and clothe our people.<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 8 : Q'''===<br />
----<br />
明敎化以作新斯民<br />
<br />
Let moral suasion shine so as to renew this people of ours.<br />
<br />
作新斯民 as verb 作 + object 新斯民, which can also be thought of as verb 新 + object 斯民, can be seen [http://sillok.history.go.kr/main/main.do here].<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
How did the people of Choson court reconcile the abstract language, of which this is an example, and the possible implications regarding various issues mentioned in the process of applying them?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 9 : Yeonjae Ra'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
秉大公而嚴黜陟<br />
Hold onto the great fairness, and be strict to promotion and expel. <br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 10 : (Kanghun Ahn)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
揭至明而別情僞剸裁盤錯伸理冤枉<br />
<br />
Lifting up the supreme luminosity (intelligence), in order to differentiate what is right and wrong, cutting out the entangled issues, and relieving the unresolved grievances<br />
<br />
==='''Student 11 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 12 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 13 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 14 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop]]<br />
[[Category:Advanced Translation Group]]</div>Qhttp://dh.aks.ac.kr/jsg/index.php?title=(Translation)_1543%E5%B9%B4_%E6%9D%8E%E5%BD%A6%E8%BF%AA%E8%AB%AD%E6%9B%B8&diff=19296(Translation) 1543年 李彦迪諭書2019-07-18T01:46:14Z<p>Q: /* Original Script */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Primary Source Document3<br />
|Image = 1543년이언적유서.jpg<br />
|English = <br />
|Chinese = 1543年 李彦迪 諭書<br />
|Korean = 1543년 이언적 유서(''Yi Eonjeok Yuseo'')<br />
|Genre = [[Royal Court Documents]]<br />
|Type = Instructions<br />
|Author = 國王:中宗<br />
|Source = [http://archive.aks.ac.kr/Inspection/insDirView.aspx?dataUCI=G002+AKS+KSM-XA.1543.1111-20101008.B043a_065_00011_XXX Old Documents and Sources (한국고문서자료관)]<br />
|Year = 1543<br />
|Key Concepts= <br />
|Translator = [[2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop (Advanced)#Participants | Participants of 2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop (Advanced Translation Group)]]<br />
|Editor = <br />
|Translation Year = 2019<br />
}}<br />
[[File:Backward.png|right|40px|link=2019_JSG_Summer_Hanmun_Workshop_(Advanced)#.282019.29Primary_Sources_for_Korean_Studies]]<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''Introduction'''==<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''Original Script'''==<br />
<br />
{|class="wikitable" style="width:80%; font-size:110%; color:#002080; background-color:#ffffff;"<br />
!style="width:50%;"|Classical Chinese || style="width:50%;"| English <br />
|-<br />
|<br />
▣…▣ <br />
<br />
荐臻專城或存於▣▣ <br />
赤子未蒙其實澤<br />
脫有▣(緩)急, 將何措, <br />
宜益軫, 予懷其惟重臣<br />
惟卿, 德涵內外, 學造精微, 敦大而高明, <br />
方嚴而簡默, <br />
處論思之地, 嘉猷累陳, 作親民之官, 善政素著, <br />
允釐庶績, 方參廟謨, <br />
<br />
今授卿以本道觀察使兼兵馬水軍節度使<br />
卿其體予倚任<br />
專推卿孝友之政<br />
課農桑以衣食吾民<br />
明敎化以作新斯民<br />
秉大公而嚴黜陟<br />
揭至明而別情僞<br />
剸裁盤錯<br />
伸理冤枉, 罪關大憂, <br />
錄狀啓稟官 <br />
堂上斷以卿衷<br />
故玆敎示<br />
想宜知悉<br />
<br />
嘉靖▣…▣八月初十日<br />
<br />
<br />
||<br />
If those successive magistrates involve in..., common people would not receive the real benefits of governance. <br />
<br />
Confronted with sudden and urgent situations, how would we handle them? <br />
<br />
In my growing concern over these matters, I can only think of one important minister, which is you.<br />
<br />
You are embodied with virtue inside and outside.<br />
<br />
In learning, you have reached at high levels of profundity and delicacy. <br />
<br />
You are great and brilliant.<br />
<br />
You are upright and solemn, and, at the same time, simple and quiet.<br />
<br />
When posited in situations of discussing your ideas, you have repeatedly laid out excellent plans for governance.<br />
<br />
Being an official of renewing the people, your good governance has always been outstanding.<br />
<br />
You have governed many tasks so sincerely and participated in the discussion in the court.<br />
<br />
As I now appoint you as Governor of Kyŏngsang (Gyeongsang) Province as well as its Navy Commissioner, you must attend to the mission that I assign to you; devote yourself to extending the governance of filial piety and friendship; feed and clothe My people by encouraging farming and sericulture; enlighten, thereby renewing them.<br />
<br />
Holding on to the great fairness, you must be strict in promotion and expulsion.<br />
<br />
Lifting the supreme intelligence, you must differentiate what is right and wrong.<br />
<br />
Cutting out the entangled issues, you must relieve the unresolved grievances.<br />
<br />
If the crimes should raise grave concerns, you should report them to the office.<br />
<br />
If the rank of the accused is not as high as the ministers of 3a, you may make a judgment based on your faithfulness.<br />
<br />
I, the King, hereby instruct you thus, and you should consider and remember all My instructions.<br />
<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=='''Discussion Questions'''==<br />
#<br />
#<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''Further Readings'''==<br />
<!--<br />
<div style="color:#008080;"><br />
* View together with '''~~'''.<br />
</div><br />
--><br />
*<br />
*<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''References'''==<br />
<references/><br />
《書·堯典》：“允釐百工，庶績咸熙。”<br />
<br />
=='''Translation'''==<br />
<br />
==='''(sample) : Jaeyoon Song'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
11. 罪關大憂, 錄狀啓稟官 堂上斷以卿衷, 故玆敎示 想宜知悉 <br />
If the crimes should raise grave concerns, you should report to the office, and the high ministers (ranking 3a and above) will make a judgment based on your faithful report. I, the king, hereby instruct you thus, and you should consider and remember all my instructions.<br />
<br />
Question: Why do you think the king praises the minister so effusively before assigning him as governor? <br />
<br />
Question: What are the roles and responsibilities of governors as defined by the king? How do those roles fit with your general understanding of Confucian values? <br />
<br />
Question: Among the roles and responsibilities assigned to governor,what are the most important task? <br />
<br />
Question: According to this document, how did the governor relate to the central government? What does this document show as to relations between the central and regional governments?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 1 : Yishu Ma'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
What is the relationship between the central government and local officials in the 16th century Joseon? How did they operate with each other? <br />
<br />
荐臻專城或存於▣▣赤子未蒙其實澤<br />
<br />
Translation: <br />
Successive local officials might be ...<br />
Common people have not yet received the real benefits [of governance].<br />
<br />
==='''Student 2 : Samuel Sai Hay Chan 陳世熙 진세희'''===<br />
----<br />
脫有▣(緩)急將何措宜益軫予懷其惟重臣 <br />
<br />
As to a sudden and urgent situation, what to do with it? One ought to handle it with measured deliberations. I can only think of one right minister [who is qualified to take up such task].<br />
<br />
Translator's note:<br />
<br />
1. The meaning of 脫有緩急 is evading for a modern reader. But it is apparently a very common idiom during the Choson dynasty. A search in the Veritable Records of the Choson Dynasty (조선왕조실록) yields 283 results. From my brief survey, the idiom seemingly refers to a sudden and urgent situation.<br />
<br />
Example: <br />
태종실록 14권, 태종 7년 7월 27일 戊寅 2번째기사 開雲浦至甘北浦水路五息, 陸路四息, 脫有緩急, 難以相救。 <br />
<br />
세종실록 88권, 세종 22년 3월 1일 癸卯 3번째기사 今聞高興新鎭, 置於隔海之地三十餘里, 脫有緩急, 人民被虜可慮。<br />
<br />
광해군일기[중초본] 7권, 광해 1년 6월 8일 丁巳 3번째기사 近因南邊稍靜, 人之視舟師若筌然, 減損兩湖入防之船, 只存本道船二十餘隻。 其勢將至於停罷, 脫有緩急, 將何以應敵乎?<br />
<br />
2. The document used a historical variation of the word "脫." For more, see 中華民國教育部 異體字字典 http://dict2.variants.moe.edu.tw/yitia/fra/fra03334.htm<br />
<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
I Ŏnchŏk was appointed to be an official in Kyŏnggi Province, the province that shared great proximity with the capital. How did this fact change the emphasize of what Yi was expected to do in his post? Compared to officials who were appointed to different areas in the country, how was Yi's post different than, say, its counterparts in the Northern provinces?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 3 : Younès M'Ghari'''===<br />
----<br />
惟卿 德涵內外 學造精微 敦大而高明 方嚴而簡默 <br />
<br />
Only you, minister, are embodied with virtue inside and outside. Your knowledge is profound and subtle. You are great and brilliant. You are upright and solemn, and [in the same time] simple and quiet.<br />
<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
Under which circumstances this order could be declined (e.g., a disease, an ill father or son to take care of)? How would a minister notify it (through which means, which institution)? What would be the possible sanctions towards a minister refusing to obey this kind of order although he has reasons to?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 4 : King Kwong Wong'''===<br />
----<br />
處論思之地 嘉猷累陳 作親民之官, 善政素著 <br />
When posited in situations of discussing your ideas, you repeatedly lay out excellent plans for governance. Being an official of renewing people, your good governance is always outstanding.<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
What were the duties of Surveillance Commissioner (觀察使) and Military Commissioner (節度使)? What were the qualities that the king was looking for when appointing someone to these posts? How important were these posts to local governance?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 5 : 신동조'''===<br />
----<br />
允釐庶績 方參廟謨 <br />
<br />
You have governed many tasks so sincerely that you can now participate in the discussion of the court.<br />
<br />
Discussion Questions: Could the contemporaries misinterpret these documents? In the case of 脫, it could be misread as "貺," which could change the meaning of the sentence...<br />
<br />
==='''Student 6 : Stacey Lui'''===<br />
----<br />
卿其體予倚任 專推卿孝友之政<br />
<br />
I deeply trust your character. Now you should devote yourself to extending the governance of filial piety and friendship.<br />
<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
Are there any examples of appointments being made without the use of such flattering language?<br />
<br />
What was the process of appointing officials to their posts? Did the officials themselves have any say in the matter? <br />
<br />
How significant was this post assigned to I Ŏnchŏk?<br />
<br />
Define 'good governance'. What benefits to the common people was it supposed to bring? Was this realised?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 7 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
課農桑以衣食吾民<br />
<br />
Study farming and sericulture to feed and clothe our people.<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 8 : Q'''===<br />
----<br />
明敎化以作新斯民<br />
<br />
Let moral suasion shine so as to renew this people of ours.<br />
<br />
作新斯民 as verb 作 + object 新斯民, which can also be thought of as verb 新 + object 斯民, can be seen [http://sillok.history.go.kr/main/main.do here].<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
How did the people of Choson court reconcile the abstract language, of which this is an example, and the possible implications regarding various issues mentioned in the process of applying them?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 9 : Yeonjae Ra'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
秉大公而嚴黜陟<br />
Hold onto the great fairness, and be strict to promotion and expel. <br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 10 : (Kanghun Ahn)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
揭至明而別情僞剸裁盤錯伸理冤枉<br />
<br />
Lifting up the supreme luminosity (intelligence), in order to differentiate what is right and wrong, cutting out the entangled issues, and relieving the unresolved grievances<br />
<br />
==='''Student 11 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 12 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 13 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 14 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop]]<br />
[[Category:Advanced Translation Group]]</div>Qhttp://dh.aks.ac.kr/jsg/index.php?title=(Translation)_1543%E5%B9%B4_%E6%9D%8E%E5%BD%A6%E8%BF%AA%E8%AB%AD%E6%9B%B8&diff=19291(Translation) 1543年 李彦迪諭書2019-07-18T01:30:29Z<p>Q: /* Original Script */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Primary Source Document3<br />
|Image = 1543년이언적유서.jpg<br />
|English = <br />
|Chinese = 1543年 李彦迪 諭書<br />
|Korean = 1543년 이언적 유서(''Yi Eonjeok Yuseo'')<br />
|Genre = [[Royal Court Documents]]<br />
|Type = Instructions<br />
|Author = 國王:中宗<br />
|Source = [http://archive.aks.ac.kr/Inspection/insDirView.aspx?dataUCI=G002+AKS+KSM-XA.1543.1111-20101008.B043a_065_00011_XXX Old Documents and Sources (한국고문서자료관)]<br />
|Year = 1543<br />
|Key Concepts= <br />
|Translator = [[2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop (Advanced)#Participants | Participants of 2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop (Advanced Translation Group)]]<br />
|Editor = <br />
|Translation Year = 2019<br />
}}<br />
[[File:Backward.png|right|40px|link=2019_JSG_Summer_Hanmun_Workshop_(Advanced)#.282019.29Primary_Sources_for_Korean_Studies]]<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''Introduction'''==<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''Original Script'''==<br />
<br />
{|class="wikitable" style="width:80%; font-size:110%; color:#002080; background-color:#ffffff;"<br />
!style="width:50%;"|Classical Chinese || style="width:50%;"| English <br />
|-<br />
|<br />
▣…▣ <br />
<br />
荐臻專城或存於▣▣ <br />
赤子未蒙其實澤<br />
脫有▣(緩)急, 將何措, <br />
宜益軫, 予懷其惟重臣<br />
惟卿, 德涵內外, 學造精微, 敦大而高明, <br />
方嚴而簡默, <br />
處論思之地, 嘉猷累陳, 作親民之官, 善政素著, <br />
允釐庶績, 方參廟謨, <br />
<br />
今授卿以本道觀察使兼兵馬水軍節度使<br />
卿其體予倚任<br />
專推卿孝友之政<br />
課農桑以衣食吾民<br />
明敎化以作新斯民<br />
秉大公而嚴黜陟<br />
揭至明而別情僞<br />
剸裁盤錯<br />
伸理冤枉, 罪關大憂, <br />
錄狀啓稟官 <br />
堂上斷以卿衷<br />
故玆敎示<br />
想宜知悉<br />
<br />
嘉靖▣…▣八月初十日<br />
<br />
<br />
||<br />
If those successive magistrates involve in..., common people would not receive the real benefits of governance. <br />
<br />
Confronted with sudden and urgent situations, how would we handle them? <br />
<br />
In my growing concern over these matters, I can only think of one important minister, which is you.<br />
<br />
You are embodied with virtue inside and outside.<br />
<br />
In learning, you have reached at high levels of profundity and delicacy. <br />
<br />
You are great and brilliant.<br />
<br />
You are upright and solemn, and, at the same time, simple and quiet.<br />
<br />
When posited in situations of discussing your ideas, you have repeatedly laid out excellent plans for governance.<br />
<br />
Being an official of renewing the people, your good governance has always been outstanding.<br />
<br />
You have governed many tasks so sincerely and participated in the discussion in the court.<br />
<br />
As I now appoint you as Governor of Kyŏngsang (Gyeongsang) Province as well as its Navy Commissioner, you must attend to the mission that I assign to you; devote yourself to extending the governance of filial piety and friendship; feed and clothe My people by encouraging farming and sericulture; enlighten, thereby renewing them.<br />
<br />
Holding on to the great fairness, you must be strict in promotion and expulsion.<br />
<br />
Lifting the supreme intelligence, you must differentiate what is right and wrong.<br />
<br />
Cutting out the entangled issues, you must relieve the unresolved grievances.<br />
<br />
If the crimes should raise grave concerns, you should report them to the office.<br />
<br />
If the rank of the accused is not as high as the ministers of 3a, you can make a judgment based on your faithfulness.<br />
<br />
I, the King, hereby instruct you thus, and you should consider and remember all My instructions.<br />
<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=='''Discussion Questions'''==<br />
#<br />
#<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''Further Readings'''==<br />
<!--<br />
<div style="color:#008080;"><br />
* View together with '''~~'''.<br />
</div><br />
--><br />
*<br />
*<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''References'''==<br />
<references/><br />
《書·堯典》：“允釐百工，庶績咸熙。”<br />
<br />
=='''Translation'''==<br />
<br />
==='''(sample) : Jaeyoon Song'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
11. 罪關大憂, 錄狀啓稟官 堂上斷以卿衷, 故玆敎示 想宜知悉 <br />
If the crimes should raise grave concerns, you should report to the office, and the high ministers (ranking 3a and above) will make a judgment based on your faithful report. I, the king, hereby instruct you thus, and you should consider and remember all my instructions.<br />
<br />
Question: Why do you think the king praises the minister so effusively before assigning him as governor? <br />
<br />
Question: What are the roles and responsibilities of governors as defined by the king? How do those roles fit with your general understanding of Confucian values? <br />
<br />
Question: Among the roles and responsibilities assigned to governor,what are the most important task? <br />
<br />
Question: According to this document, how did the governor relate to the central government? What does this document show as to relations between the central and regional governments?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 1 : Yishu Ma'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
What is the relationship between the central government and local officials in the 16th century Joseon? How did they operate with each other? <br />
<br />
荐臻專城或存於▣▣赤子未蒙其實澤<br />
<br />
Translation: <br />
Successive local officials might be ...<br />
Common people have not yet received the real benefits [of governance].<br />
<br />
==='''Student 2 : Samuel Sai Hay Chan 陳世熙 진세희'''===<br />
----<br />
脫有▣(緩)急將何措宜益軫予懷其惟重臣 <br />
<br />
As to a sudden and urgent situation, what to do with it? One ought to handle it with measured deliberations. I can only think of one right minister [who is qualified to take up such task].<br />
<br />
Translator's note:<br />
<br />
1. The meaning of 脫有緩急 is evading for a modern reader. But it is apparently a very common idiom during the Choson dynasty. A search in the Veritable Records of the Choson Dynasty (조선왕조실록) yields 283 results. From my brief survey, the idiom seemingly refers to a sudden and urgent situation.<br />
<br />
Example: <br />
태종실록 14권, 태종 7년 7월 27일 戊寅 2번째기사 開雲浦至甘北浦水路五息, 陸路四息, 脫有緩急, 難以相救。 <br />
<br />
세종실록 88권, 세종 22년 3월 1일 癸卯 3번째기사 今聞高興新鎭, 置於隔海之地三十餘里, 脫有緩急, 人民被虜可慮。<br />
<br />
광해군일기[중초본] 7권, 광해 1년 6월 8일 丁巳 3번째기사 近因南邊稍靜, 人之視舟師若筌然, 減損兩湖入防之船, 只存本道船二十餘隻。 其勢將至於停罷, 脫有緩急, 將何以應敵乎?<br />
<br />
2. The document used a historical variation of the word "脫." For more, see 中華民國教育部 異體字字典 http://dict2.variants.moe.edu.tw/yitia/fra/fra03334.htm<br />
<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
I Ŏnchŏk was appointed to be an official in Kyŏnggi Province, the province that shared great proximity with the capital. How did this fact change the emphasize of what Yi was expected to do in his post? Compared to officials who were appointed to different areas in the country, how was Yi's post different than, say, its counterparts in the Northern provinces?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 3 : Younès M'Ghari'''===<br />
----<br />
惟卿 德涵內外 學造精微 敦大而高明 方嚴而簡默 <br />
<br />
Only you, minister, are embodied with virtue inside and outside. Your knowledge is profound and subtle. You are great and brilliant. You are upright and solemn, and [in the same time] simple and quiet.<br />
<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
Under which circumstances this order could be declined (e.g., a disease, an ill father or son to take care of)? How would a minister notify it (through which means, which institution)? What would be the possible sanctions towards a minister refusing to obey this kind of order although he has reasons to?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 4 : King Kwong Wong'''===<br />
----<br />
處論思之地 嘉猷累陳 作親民之官, 善政素著 <br />
When posited in situations of discussing your ideas, you repeatedly lay out excellent plans for governance. Being an official of renewing people, your good governance is always outstanding.<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
What were the duties of Surveillance Commissioner (觀察使) and Military Commissioner (節度使)? What were the qualities that the king was looking for when appointing someone to these posts? How important were these posts to local governance?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 5 : 신동조'''===<br />
----<br />
允釐庶績 方參廟謨 <br />
<br />
You have governed many tasks so sincerely that you can now participate in the discussion of the court.<br />
<br />
Discussion Questions: Could the contemporaries misinterpret these documents? In the case of 脫, it could be misread as "貺," which could change the meaning of the sentence...<br />
<br />
==='''Student 6 : Stacey Lui'''===<br />
----<br />
卿其體予倚任 專推卿孝友之政<br />
<br />
I deeply trust your character. Now you should devote yourself to extending the governance of filial piety and friendship.<br />
<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
Are there any examples of appointments being made without the use of such flattering language?<br />
<br />
What was the process of appointing officials to their posts? Did the officials themselves have any say in the matter? <br />
<br />
How significant was this post assigned to I Ŏnchŏk?<br />
<br />
Define 'good governance'. What benefits to the common people was it supposed to bring? Was this realised?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 7 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
課農桑以衣食吾民<br />
<br />
Study farming and sericulture to feed and clothe our people.<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 8 : Q'''===<br />
----<br />
明敎化以作新斯民<br />
<br />
Let moral suasion shine so as to renew this people of ours.<br />
<br />
作新斯民 as verb 作 + object 新斯民, which can also be thought of as verb 新 + object 斯民, can be seen [http://sillok.history.go.kr/main/main.do here].<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
How did the people of Choson court reconcile the abstract language, of which this is an example, and the possible implications regarding various issues mentioned in the process of applying them?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 9 : Yeonjae Ra'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
秉大公而嚴黜陟<br />
Hold onto the great fairness, and be strict to promotion and expel. <br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 10 : (Kanghun Ahn)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
揭至明而別情僞剸裁盤錯伸理冤枉<br />
<br />
Lifting up the supreme luminosity (intelligence), in order to differentiate what is right and wrong, cutting out the entangled issues, and relieving the unresolved grievances<br />
<br />
==='''Student 11 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 12 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 13 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 14 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop]]<br />
[[Category:Advanced Translation Group]]</div>Qhttp://dh.aks.ac.kr/jsg/index.php?title=(Translation)_1543%E5%B9%B4_%E6%9D%8E%E5%BD%A6%E8%BF%AA%E8%AB%AD%E6%9B%B8&diff=19289(Translation) 1543年 李彦迪諭書2019-07-18T01:22:47Z<p>Q: /* Original Script */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Primary Source Document3<br />
|Image = 1543년이언적유서.jpg<br />
|English = <br />
|Chinese = 1543年 李彦迪 諭書<br />
|Korean = 1543년 이언적 유서(''Yi Eonjeok Yuseo'')<br />
|Genre = [[Royal Court Documents]]<br />
|Type = Instructions<br />
|Author = 國王:中宗<br />
|Source = [http://archive.aks.ac.kr/Inspection/insDirView.aspx?dataUCI=G002+AKS+KSM-XA.1543.1111-20101008.B043a_065_00011_XXX Old Documents and Sources (한국고문서자료관)]<br />
|Year = 1543<br />
|Key Concepts= <br />
|Translator = [[2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop (Advanced)#Participants | Participants of 2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop (Advanced Translation Group)]]<br />
|Editor = <br />
|Translation Year = 2019<br />
}}<br />
[[File:Backward.png|right|40px|link=2019_JSG_Summer_Hanmun_Workshop_(Advanced)#.282019.29Primary_Sources_for_Korean_Studies]]<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''Introduction'''==<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''Original Script'''==<br />
<br />
{|class="wikitable" style="width:80%; font-size:110%; color:#002080; background-color:#ffffff;"<br />
!style="width:50%;"|Classical Chinese || style="width:50%;"| English <br />
|-<br />
|<br />
▣…▣ <br />
<br />
荐臻專城或存於▣▣ <br />
赤子未蒙其實澤<br />
脫有▣(緩)急, 將何措, <br />
宜益軫, 予懷其惟重臣<br />
惟卿, 德涵內外, 學造精微, 敦大而高明, <br />
方嚴而簡默, <br />
處論思之地, 嘉猷累陳, 作親民之官, 善政素著, <br />
允釐庶績, 方參廟謨, <br />
<br />
今授卿以本道觀察使兼兵馬水軍節度使<br />
卿其體予倚任<br />
專推卿孝友之政<br />
課農桑以衣食吾民<br />
明敎化以作新斯民<br />
秉大公而嚴黜陟<br />
揭至明而別情僞<br />
剸裁盤錯<br />
伸理冤枉, 罪關大憂, <br />
錄狀啓稟官 <br />
堂上斷以卿衷<br />
故玆敎示<br />
想宜知悉<br />
<br />
嘉靖▣…▣八月初十日<br />
<br />
<br />
||<br />
If those successive magistrates involve in..., common people would not receive the real benefits of governance. <br />
<br />
Confronted with sudden and urgent situations, how would we handle them? <br />
<br />
In my growing concern over these matters, I can only think of one important minister, which is you.<br />
<br />
You are embodied with virtue inside and outside.<br />
<br />
In learning, you have reached at high levels of profundity and delicacy. <br />
<br />
You are great and brilliant.<br />
<br />
You are upright and solemn, and, at the same time, simple and quiet.<br />
<br />
When posited in situations of discussing your ideas, you have repeatedly laid out excellent plans for governance.<br />
<br />
Being an official of renewing the people, your good governance has always been outstanding.<br />
<br />
You have governed many tasks so sincerely and participated in the discussion in the court.<br />
<br />
As I now appoint you as Governor of Kyŏngsang (Gyeongsang) Province as well as its Navy Commissioner, you must attend to the mission that I assign to you; devote yourself to extending the governance of filial piety and friendship; feed and clothe My people by encouraging farming and sericulture; enlighten, thereby renewing them.<br />
<br />
Holding on to the great fairness, you must be strict in promotion and expulsion.<br />
<br />
Lifting the supreme intelligence, you must differentiate what is right and wrong.<br />
<br />
Cutting out the entangled issues, you must relieve the unresolved grievances.<br />
<br />
If the crimes should raise grave concerns, you should report to the office.<br />
<br />
If the rank of the accused is not as high as the ministers of 3a, you can make a judgment based on your faithfulness.<br />
<br />
I, the King, hereby instruct you thus, and you should consider and remember all My instructions.<br />
<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=='''Discussion Questions'''==<br />
#<br />
#<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''Further Readings'''==<br />
<!--<br />
<div style="color:#008080;"><br />
* View together with '''~~'''.<br />
</div><br />
--><br />
*<br />
*<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''References'''==<br />
<references/><br />
《書·堯典》：“允釐百工，庶績咸熙。”<br />
<br />
=='''Translation'''==<br />
<br />
==='''(sample) : Jaeyoon Song'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
11. 罪關大憂, 錄狀啓稟官 堂上斷以卿衷, 故玆敎示 想宜知悉 <br />
If the crimes should raise grave concerns, you should report to the office, and the high ministers (ranking 3a and above) will make a judgment based on your faithful report. I, the king, hereby instruct you thus, and you should consider and remember all my instructions.<br />
<br />
Question: Why do you think the king praises the minister so effusively before assigning him as governor? <br />
<br />
Question: What are the roles and responsibilities of governors as defined by the king? How do those roles fit with your general understanding of Confucian values? <br />
<br />
Question: Among the roles and responsibilities assigned to governor,what are the most important task? <br />
<br />
Question: According to this document, how did the governor relate to the central government? What does this document show as to relations between the central and regional governments?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 1 : Yishu Ma'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
What is the relationship between the central government and local officials in the 16th century Joseon? How did they operate with each other? <br />
<br />
荐臻專城或存於▣▣赤子未蒙其實澤<br />
<br />
Translation: <br />
Successive local officials might be ...<br />
Common people have not yet received the real benefits [of governance].<br />
<br />
==='''Student 2 : Samuel Sai Hay Chan 陳世熙 진세희'''===<br />
----<br />
脫有▣(緩)急將何措宜益軫予懷其惟重臣 <br />
<br />
As to a sudden and urgent situation, what to do with it? One ought to handle it with measured deliberations. I can only think of one right minister [who is qualified to take up such task].<br />
<br />
Translator's note:<br />
<br />
1. The meaning of 脫有緩急 is evading for a modern reader. But it is apparently a very common idiom during the Choson dynasty. A search in the Veritable Records of the Choson Dynasty (조선왕조실록) yields 283 results. From my brief survey, the idiom seemingly refers to a sudden and urgent situation.<br />
<br />
Example: <br />
태종실록 14권, 태종 7년 7월 27일 戊寅 2번째기사 開雲浦至甘北浦水路五息, 陸路四息, 脫有緩急, 難以相救。 <br />
<br />
세종실록 88권, 세종 22년 3월 1일 癸卯 3번째기사 今聞高興新鎭, 置於隔海之地三十餘里, 脫有緩急, 人民被虜可慮。<br />
<br />
광해군일기[중초본] 7권, 광해 1년 6월 8일 丁巳 3번째기사 近因南邊稍靜, 人之視舟師若筌然, 減損兩湖入防之船, 只存本道船二十餘隻。 其勢將至於停罷, 脫有緩急, 將何以應敵乎?<br />
<br />
2. The document used a historical variation of the word "脫." For more, see 中華民國教育部 異體字字典 http://dict2.variants.moe.edu.tw/yitia/fra/fra03334.htm<br />
<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
I Ŏnchŏk was appointed to be an official in Kyŏnggi Province, the province that shared great proximity with the capital. How did this fact change the emphasize of what Yi was expected to do in his post? Compared to officials who were appointed to different areas in the country, how was Yi's post different than, say, its counterparts in the Northern provinces?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 3 : Younès M'Ghari'''===<br />
----<br />
惟卿 德涵內外 學造精微 敦大而高明 方嚴而簡默 <br />
<br />
Only you, minister, are embodied with virtue inside and outside. Your knowledge is profound and subtle. You are great and brilliant. You are upright and solemn, and [in the same time] simple and quiet.<br />
<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
Under which circumstances this order could be declined (e.g., a disease, an ill father or son to take care of)? How would a minister notify it (through which means, which institution)? What would be the possible sanctions towards a minister refusing to obey this kind of order although he has reasons to?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 4 : King Kwong Wong'''===<br />
----<br />
處論思之地 嘉猷累陳 作親民之官, 善政素著 <br />
When posited in situations of discussing your ideas, you repeatedly lay out excellent plans for governance. Being an official of renewing people, your good governance is always outstanding.<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
What were the duties of Surveillance Commissioner (觀察使) and Military Commissioner (節度使)? What were the qualities that the king was looking for when appointing someone to these posts? How important were these posts to local governance?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 5 : 신동조'''===<br />
----<br />
允釐庶績 方參廟謨 <br />
<br />
You have governed many tasks so sincerely that you can now participate in the discussion of the court.<br />
<br />
Discussion Questions: Could the contemporaries misinterpret these documents? In the case of 脫, it could be misread as "貺," which could change the meaning of the sentence...<br />
<br />
==='''Student 6 : Stacey Lui'''===<br />
----<br />
卿其體予倚任 專推卿孝友之政<br />
<br />
I deeply trust your character. Now you should devote yourself to extending the governance of filial piety and friendship.<br />
<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
Are there any examples of appointments being made without the use of such flattering language?<br />
<br />
What was the process of appointing officials to their posts? Did the officials themselves have any say in the matter? <br />
<br />
How significant was this post assigned to I Ŏnchŏk?<br />
<br />
Define 'good governance'. What benefits to the common people was it supposed to bring? Was this realised?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 7 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
課農桑以衣食吾民<br />
<br />
Study farming and sericulture to feed and clothe our people.<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 8 : Q'''===<br />
----<br />
明敎化以作新斯民<br />
<br />
Let moral suasion shine so as to renew this people of ours.<br />
<br />
作新斯民 as verb 作 + object 新斯民, which can also be thought of as verb 新 + object 斯民, can be seen [http://sillok.history.go.kr/main/main.do here].<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
How did the people of Choson court reconcile the abstract language, of which this is an example, and the possible implications regarding various issues mentioned in the process of applying them?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 9 : Yeonjae Ra'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
秉大公而嚴黜陟<br />
Hold onto the great fairness, and be strict to promotion and expel. <br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 10 : (Kanghun Ahn)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
揭至明而別情僞剸裁盤錯伸理冤枉<br />
<br />
Lifting up the supreme luminosity (intelligence), in order to differentiate what is right and wrong, cutting out the entangled issues, and relieving the unresolved grievances<br />
<br />
==='''Student 11 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 12 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 13 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 14 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop]]<br />
[[Category:Advanced Translation Group]]</div>Qhttp://dh.aks.ac.kr/jsg/index.php?title=(Translation)_1543%E5%B9%B4_%E6%9D%8E%E5%BD%A6%E8%BF%AA%E8%AB%AD%E6%9B%B8&diff=19288(Translation) 1543年 李彦迪諭書2019-07-18T01:18:59Z<p>Q: /* Original Script */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Primary Source Document3<br />
|Image = 1543년이언적유서.jpg<br />
|English = <br />
|Chinese = 1543年 李彦迪 諭書<br />
|Korean = 1543년 이언적 유서(''Yi Eonjeok Yuseo'')<br />
|Genre = [[Royal Court Documents]]<br />
|Type = Instructions<br />
|Author = 國王:中宗<br />
|Source = [http://archive.aks.ac.kr/Inspection/insDirView.aspx?dataUCI=G002+AKS+KSM-XA.1543.1111-20101008.B043a_065_00011_XXX Old Documents and Sources (한국고문서자료관)]<br />
|Year = 1543<br />
|Key Concepts= <br />
|Translator = [[2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop (Advanced)#Participants | Participants of 2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop (Advanced Translation Group)]]<br />
|Editor = <br />
|Translation Year = 2019<br />
}}<br />
[[File:Backward.png|right|40px|link=2019_JSG_Summer_Hanmun_Workshop_(Advanced)#.282019.29Primary_Sources_for_Korean_Studies]]<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''Introduction'''==<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''Original Script'''==<br />
<br />
{|class="wikitable" style="width:80%; font-size:110%; color:#002080; background-color:#ffffff;"<br />
!style="width:50%;"|Classical Chinese || style="width:50%;"| English <br />
|-<br />
|<br />
▣…▣ <br />
<br />
荐臻專城或存於▣▣ <br />
赤子未蒙其實澤<br />
脫有▣(緩)急, 將何措, <br />
宜益軫, 予懷其惟重臣<br />
惟卿, 德涵內外, 學造精微, 敦大而高明, <br />
方嚴而簡默, <br />
處論思之地, 嘉猷累陳, 作親民之官, 善政素著, <br />
允釐庶績, 方參廟謨, <br />
<br />
今授卿以本道觀察使兼兵馬水軍節度使<br />
卿其體予倚任<br />
專推卿孝友之政<br />
課農桑以衣食吾民<br />
明敎化以作新斯民<br />
秉大公而嚴黜陟<br />
揭至明而別情僞<br />
剸裁盤錯<br />
伸理冤枉, 罪關大憂, <br />
錄狀啓稟官 <br />
堂上斷以卿衷<br />
故玆敎示<br />
想宜知悉<br />
<br />
嘉靖▣…▣八月初十日<br />
<br />
<br />
||<br />
If those successive magistrates involve in..., common people would not receive the real benefits of governance. <br />
<br />
Confronted with sudden and urgent situations, how would we handle them? <br />
<br />
In my growing concern over these matters, I can only think of one important minister, which is you.<br />
<br />
You are embodied with virtue inside and outside.<br />
<br />
In learning, you have reached at high levels of profundity and delicacy. <br />
<br />
You are great and brilliant.<br />
<br />
You are upright and solemn, and, at the same time, simple and quiet.<br />
<br />
When posited in situations of discussing your ideas, you have repeatedly laid out excellent plans for governance.<br />
<br />
Being an official of renewing the people, your good governance has always been outstanding.<br />
<br />
You have governed many tasks so sincerely and participated in the discussion in the court.<br />
<br />
As I now appoint you as Governor of Kyŏngsang (Gyeongsang) Province as well as its Navy Commissioner, you must attend to the mission that I assign to you; devote yourself to extending the governance of filial piety and friendship; feed and clothe My people by encouraging farming and sericulture; enlighten, thereby renewing them.<br />
<br />
Holding on to the great fairness, you must be strict in promotion and dismissal.<br />
<br />
Lifting the supreme intelligence, you must differentiate what is right and wrong.<br />
<br />
Cutting out the entangled issues, you must relieve the unresolved grievances.<br />
<br />
If the crimes should raise grave concerns, you should report to the office.<br />
<br />
If the rank of the accused is not as high as the ministers of 3a, you can make a judgment based on your faithfulness.<br />
<br />
I, the King, hereby instruct you thus, and you should consider and remember all My instructions.<br />
<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=='''Discussion Questions'''==<br />
#<br />
#<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''Further Readings'''==<br />
<!--<br />
<div style="color:#008080;"><br />
* View together with '''~~'''.<br />
</div><br />
--><br />
*<br />
*<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''References'''==<br />
<references/><br />
《書·堯典》：“允釐百工，庶績咸熙。”<br />
<br />
=='''Translation'''==<br />
<br />
==='''(sample) : Jaeyoon Song'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
11. 罪關大憂, 錄狀啓稟官 堂上斷以卿衷, 故玆敎示 想宜知悉 <br />
If the crimes should raise grave concerns, you should report to the office, and the high ministers (ranking 3a and above) will make a judgment based on your faithful report. I, the king, hereby instruct you thus, and you should consider and remember all my instructions.<br />
<br />
Question: Why do you think the king praises the minister so effusively before assigning him as governor? <br />
<br />
Question: What are the roles and responsibilities of governors as defined by the king? How do those roles fit with your general understanding of Confucian values? <br />
<br />
Question: Among the roles and responsibilities assigned to governor,what are the most important task? <br />
<br />
Question: According to this document, how did the governor relate to the central government? What does this document show as to relations between the central and regional governments?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 1 : Yishu Ma'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
What is the relationship between the central government and local officials in the 16th century Joseon? How did they operate with each other? <br />
<br />
荐臻專城或存於▣▣赤子未蒙其實澤<br />
<br />
Translation: <br />
Successive local officials might be ...<br />
Common people have not yet received the real benefits [of governance].<br />
<br />
==='''Student 2 : Samuel Sai Hay Chan 陳世熙 진세희'''===<br />
----<br />
脫有▣(緩)急將何措宜益軫予懷其惟重臣 <br />
<br />
As to a sudden and urgent situation, what to do with it? One ought to handle it with measured deliberations. I can only think of one right minister [who is qualified to take up such task].<br />
<br />
Translator's note:<br />
<br />
1. The meaning of 脫有緩急 is evading for a modern reader. But it is apparently a very common idiom during the Choson dynasty. A search in the Veritable Records of the Choson Dynasty (조선왕조실록) yields 283 results. From my brief survey, the idiom seemingly refers to a sudden and urgent situation.<br />
<br />
Example: <br />
태종실록 14권, 태종 7년 7월 27일 戊寅 2번째기사 開雲浦至甘北浦水路五息, 陸路四息, 脫有緩急, 難以相救。 <br />
<br />
세종실록 88권, 세종 22년 3월 1일 癸卯 3번째기사 今聞高興新鎭, 置於隔海之地三十餘里, 脫有緩急, 人民被虜可慮。<br />
<br />
광해군일기[중초본] 7권, 광해 1년 6월 8일 丁巳 3번째기사 近因南邊稍靜, 人之視舟師若筌然, 減損兩湖入防之船, 只存本道船二十餘隻。 其勢將至於停罷, 脫有緩急, 將何以應敵乎?<br />
<br />
2. The document used a historical variation of the word "脫." For more, see 中華民國教育部 異體字字典 http://dict2.variants.moe.edu.tw/yitia/fra/fra03334.htm<br />
<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
I Ŏnchŏk was appointed to be an official in Kyŏnggi Province, the province that shared great proximity with the capital. How did this fact change the emphasize of what Yi was expected to do in his post? Compared to officials who were appointed to different areas in the country, how was Yi's post different than, say, its counterparts in the Northern provinces?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 3 : Younès M'Ghari'''===<br />
----<br />
惟卿 德涵內外 學造精微 敦大而高明 方嚴而簡默 <br />
<br />
Only you, minister, are embodied with virtue inside and outside. Your knowledge is profound and subtle. You are great and brilliant. You are upright and solemn, and [in the same time] simple and quiet.<br />
<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
Under which circumstances this order could be declined (e.g., a disease, an ill father or son to take care of)? How would a minister notify it (through which means, which institution)? What would be the possible sanctions towards a minister refusing to obey this kind of order although he has reasons to?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 4 : King Kwong Wong'''===<br />
----<br />
處論思之地 嘉猷累陳 作親民之官, 善政素著 <br />
When posited in situations of discussing your ideas, you repeatedly lay out excellent plans for governance. Being an official of renewing people, your good governance is always outstanding.<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
What were the duties of Surveillance Commissioner (觀察使) and Military Commissioner (節度使)? What were the qualities that the king was looking for when appointing someone to these posts? How important were these posts to local governance?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 5 : 신동조'''===<br />
----<br />
允釐庶績 方參廟謨 <br />
<br />
You have governed many tasks so sincerely that you can now participate in the discussion of the court.<br />
<br />
Discussion Questions: Could the contemporaries misinterpret these documents? In the case of 脫, it could be misread as "貺," which could change the meaning of the sentence...<br />
<br />
==='''Student 6 : Stacey Lui'''===<br />
----<br />
卿其體予倚任 專推卿孝友之政<br />
<br />
I deeply trust your character. Now you should devote yourself to extending the governance of filial piety and friendship.<br />
<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
Are there any examples of appointments being made without the use of such flattering language?<br />
<br />
What was the process of appointing officials to their posts? Did the officials themselves have any say in the matter? <br />
<br />
How significant was this post assigned to I Ŏnchŏk?<br />
<br />
Define 'good governance'. What benefits to the common people was it supposed to bring? Was this realised?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 7 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
課農桑以衣食吾民<br />
<br />
Study farming and sericulture to feed and clothe our people.<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 8 : Q'''===<br />
----<br />
明敎化以作新斯民<br />
<br />
Let moral suasion shine so as to renew this people of ours.<br />
<br />
作新斯民 as verb 作 + object 新斯民, which can also be thought of as verb 新 + object 斯民, can be seen [http://sillok.history.go.kr/main/main.do here].<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
How did the people of Choson court reconcile the abstract language, of which this is an example, and the possible implications regarding various issues mentioned in the process of applying them?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 9 : Yeonjae Ra'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
秉大公而嚴黜陟<br />
Hold onto the great fairness, and be strict to promotion and expel. <br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 10 : (Kanghun Ahn)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
揭至明而別情僞剸裁盤錯伸理冤枉<br />
<br />
Lifting up the supreme luminosity (intelligence), in order to differentiate what is right and wrong, cutting out the entangled issues, and relieving the unresolved grievances<br />
<br />
==='''Student 11 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 12 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 13 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 14 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop]]<br />
[[Category:Advanced Translation Group]]</div>Qhttp://dh.aks.ac.kr/jsg/index.php?title=(Translation)_1543%E5%B9%B4_%E6%9D%8E%E5%BD%A6%E8%BF%AA%E8%AB%AD%E6%9B%B8&diff=19286(Translation) 1543年 李彦迪諭書2019-07-18T01:15:44Z<p>Q: /* Original Script */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Primary Source Document3<br />
|Image = 1543년이언적유서.jpg<br />
|English = <br />
|Chinese = 1543年 李彦迪 諭書<br />
|Korean = 1543년 이언적 유서(''Yi Eonjeok Yuseo'')<br />
|Genre = [[Royal Court Documents]]<br />
|Type = Instructions<br />
|Author = 國王:中宗<br />
|Source = [http://archive.aks.ac.kr/Inspection/insDirView.aspx?dataUCI=G002+AKS+KSM-XA.1543.1111-20101008.B043a_065_00011_XXX Old Documents and Sources (한국고문서자료관)]<br />
|Year = 1543<br />
|Key Concepts= <br />
|Translator = [[2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop (Advanced)#Participants | Participants of 2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop (Advanced Translation Group)]]<br />
|Editor = <br />
|Translation Year = 2019<br />
}}<br />
[[File:Backward.png|right|40px|link=2019_JSG_Summer_Hanmun_Workshop_(Advanced)#.282019.29Primary_Sources_for_Korean_Studies]]<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''Introduction'''==<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''Original Script'''==<br />
<br />
{|class="wikitable" style="width:80%; font-size:110%; color:#002080; background-color:#ffffff;"<br />
!style="width:50%;"|Classical Chinese || style="width:50%;"| English <br />
|-<br />
|<br />
▣…▣ <br />
<br />
荐臻專城或存於▣▣ <br />
赤子未蒙其實澤<br />
脫有▣(緩)急, 將何措, <br />
宜益軫, 予懷其惟重臣<br />
惟卿, 德涵內外, 學造精微, 敦大而高明, <br />
方嚴而簡默, <br />
處論思之地, 嘉猷累陳, 作親民之官, 善政素著, <br />
允釐庶績, 方參廟謨, <br />
<br />
今授卿以本道觀察使兼兵馬水軍節度使<br />
卿其體予倚任<br />
專推卿孝友之政<br />
課農桑以衣食吾民<br />
明敎化以作新斯民<br />
秉大公而嚴黜陟<br />
揭至明而別情僞<br />
剸裁盤錯<br />
伸理冤枉, 罪關大憂, <br />
錄狀啓稟官 <br />
堂上斷以卿衷<br />
故玆敎示<br />
想宜知悉<br />
<br />
嘉靖▣…▣八月初十日<br />
<br />
<br />
||<br />
If those successive magistrates involve in..., common people would not receive the real benefits of governance. <br />
<br />
Confronted with sudden and urgent situations, how would we handle them? <br />
<br />
In my growing concern over these matters, I can only think of one important minister, which is you.<br />
<br />
You are embodied with virtue inside and outside.<br />
<br />
In learning, you have reached at high levels of profundity and delicacy. <br />
<br />
You are great and brilliant.<br />
<br />
You are upright and solemn, and, at the same time, simple and quiet.<br />
<br />
When posited in situations of discussing your ideas, you have repeatedly laid out excellent plans for governance.<br />
<br />
Being an official of renewing the people, your good governance has always been outstanding.<br />
<br />
You have governed many tasks so sincerely and participated in the discussion in the court.<br />
<br />
As I now appoint you as Governor of Kyŏngsang (Gyeongsang) Province and Navy Commissioner as well, you must attend to the mission that I assign to you; devote yourself to extending the governance of filial piety and friendship; feed and clothe My people by encouraging farming and sericulture; enlighten, thereby renewing them.<br />
<br />
Holding on to the great fairness, you must be strict in promotion and expulsion.<br />
<br />
Lifting the supreme intelligence, you must differentiate what is right and wrong.<br />
<br />
Cutting out the entangled issues, you must relieve the unresolved grievances.<br />
<br />
If the crimes should raise grave concerns, you should report to the office.<br />
<br />
If the rank of the accused is not as high as the ministers of 3a, you can make a judgment based on your faithfulness.<br />
<br />
I, the King, hereby instruct you thus, and you should consider and remember all My instructions.<br />
<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=='''Discussion Questions'''==<br />
#<br />
#<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''Further Readings'''==<br />
<!--<br />
<div style="color:#008080;"><br />
* View together with '''~~'''.<br />
</div><br />
--><br />
*<br />
*<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''References'''==<br />
<references/><br />
《書·堯典》：“允釐百工，庶績咸熙。”<br />
<br />
=='''Translation'''==<br />
<br />
==='''(sample) : Jaeyoon Song'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
11. 罪關大憂, 錄狀啓稟官 堂上斷以卿衷, 故玆敎示 想宜知悉 <br />
If the crimes should raise grave concerns, you should report to the office, and the high ministers (ranking 3a and above) will make a judgment based on your faithful report. I, the king, hereby instruct you thus, and you should consider and remember all my instructions.<br />
<br />
Question: Why do you think the king praises the minister so effusively before assigning him as governor? <br />
<br />
Question: What are the roles and responsibilities of governors as defined by the king? How do those roles fit with your general understanding of Confucian values? <br />
<br />
Question: Among the roles and responsibilities assigned to governor,what are the most important task? <br />
<br />
Question: According to this document, how did the governor relate to the central government? What does this document show as to relations between the central and regional governments?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 1 : Yishu Ma'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
What is the relationship between the central government and local officials in the 16th century Joseon? How did they operate with each other? <br />
<br />
荐臻專城或存於▣▣赤子未蒙其實澤<br />
<br />
Translation: <br />
Successive local officials might be ...<br />
Common people have not yet received the real benefits [of governance].<br />
<br />
==='''Student 2 : Samuel Sai Hay Chan 陳世熙 진세희'''===<br />
----<br />
脫有▣(緩)急將何措宜益軫予懷其惟重臣 <br />
<br />
As to a sudden and urgent situation, what to do with it? One ought to handle it with measured deliberations. I can only think of one right minister [who is qualified to take up such task].<br />
<br />
Translator's note:<br />
<br />
1. The meaning of 脫有緩急 is evading for a modern reader. But it is apparently a very common idiom during the Choson dynasty. A search in the Veritable Records of the Choson Dynasty (조선왕조실록) yields 283 results. From my brief survey, the idiom seemingly refers to a sudden and urgent situation.<br />
<br />
Example: <br />
태종실록 14권, 태종 7년 7월 27일 戊寅 2번째기사 開雲浦至甘北浦水路五息, 陸路四息, 脫有緩急, 難以相救。 <br />
<br />
세종실록 88권, 세종 22년 3월 1일 癸卯 3번째기사 今聞高興新鎭, 置於隔海之地三十餘里, 脫有緩急, 人民被虜可慮。<br />
<br />
광해군일기[중초본] 7권, 광해 1년 6월 8일 丁巳 3번째기사 近因南邊稍靜, 人之視舟師若筌然, 減損兩湖入防之船, 只存本道船二十餘隻。 其勢將至於停罷, 脫有緩急, 將何以應敵乎?<br />
<br />
2. The document used a historical variation of the word "脫." For more, see 中華民國教育部 異體字字典 http://dict2.variants.moe.edu.tw/yitia/fra/fra03334.htm<br />
<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
I Ŏnchŏk was appointed to be an official in Kyŏnggi Province, the province that shared great proximity with the capital. How did this fact change the emphasize of what Yi was expected to do in his post? Compared to officials who were appointed to different areas in the country, how was Yi's post different than, say, its counterparts in the Northern provinces?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 3 : Younès M'Ghari'''===<br />
----<br />
惟卿 德涵內外 學造精微 敦大而高明 方嚴而簡默 <br />
<br />
Only you, minister, are embodied with virtue inside and outside. Your knowledge is profound and subtle. You are great and brilliant. You are upright and solemn, and [in the same time] simple and quiet.<br />
<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
Under which circumstances this order could be declined (e.g., a disease, an ill father or son to take care of)? How would a minister notify it (through which means, which institution)? What would be the possible sanctions towards a minister refusing to obey this kind of order although he has reasons to?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 4 : King Kwong Wong'''===<br />
----<br />
處論思之地 嘉猷累陳 作親民之官, 善政素著 <br />
When posited in situations of discussing your ideas, you repeatedly lay out excellent plans for governance. Being an official of renewing people, your good governance is always outstanding.<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
What were the duties of Surveillance Commissioner (觀察使) and Military Commissioner (節度使)? What were the qualities that the king was looking for when appointing someone to these posts? How important were these posts to local governance?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 5 : 신동조'''===<br />
----<br />
允釐庶績 方參廟謨 <br />
<br />
You have governed many tasks so sincerely that you can now participate in the discussion of the court.<br />
<br />
Discussion Questions: Could the contemporaries misinterpret these documents? In the case of 脫, it could be misread as "貺," which could change the meaning of the sentence...<br />
<br />
==='''Student 6 : Stacey Lui'''===<br />
----<br />
卿其體予倚任 專推卿孝友之政<br />
<br />
I deeply trust your character. Now you should devote yourself to extending the governance of filial piety and friendship.<br />
<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
Are there any examples of appointments being made without the use of such flattering language?<br />
<br />
What was the process of appointing officials to their posts? Did the officials themselves have any say in the matter? <br />
<br />
How significant was this post assigned to I Ŏnchŏk?<br />
<br />
Define 'good governance'. What benefits to the common people was it supposed to bring? Was this realised?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 7 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
課農桑以衣食吾民<br />
<br />
Study farming and sericulture to feed and clothe our people.<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 8 : Q'''===<br />
----<br />
明敎化以作新斯民<br />
<br />
Let moral suasion shine so as to renew this people of ours.<br />
<br />
作新斯民 as verb 作 + object 新斯民, which can also be thought of as verb 新 + object 斯民, can be seen [http://sillok.history.go.kr/main/main.do here].<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
How did the people of Choson court reconcile the abstract language, of which this is an example, and the possible implications regarding various issues mentioned in the process of applying them?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 9 : Yeonjae Ra'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
秉大公而嚴黜陟<br />
Hold onto the great fairness, and be strict to promotion and expel. <br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 10 : (Kanghun Ahn)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
揭至明而別情僞剸裁盤錯伸理冤枉<br />
<br />
Lifting up the supreme luminosity (intelligence), in order to differentiate what is right and wrong, cutting out the entangled issues, and relieving the unresolved grievances<br />
<br />
==='''Student 11 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 12 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 13 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 14 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop]]<br />
[[Category:Advanced Translation Group]]</div>Qhttp://dh.aks.ac.kr/jsg/index.php?title=(Translation)_1713%E5%B9%B4_%E5%B4%94%E5%A3%BD%E5%AD%B8_%E5%8E%9F%E6%83%85_1&diff=19284(Translation) 1713年 崔壽學 原情 12019-07-18T01:07:28Z<p>Q: /* Student 8 : (Write your name) */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Primary Source Document3<br />
|Image = 최수학원정1_1.jpg<br />
|English = <br />
|Chinese = 1713年 崔壽學 原情<br />
|Korean = 1713년 최수학 원정(''ChoeSuhak Wonjeong'')<br />
|Genre = [[Social Life and Litigation System]]<br />
|Type = Civil Affair Document<br />
|Author = 崔壽學<br />
|Year = 1713<br />
|Source = [http://sjw.history.go.kr/main.do 承政院日記 The Daily Records of Royal Secretariat of Joseon Dynasty]<br />
|Key Concepts= <br />
|Translator = [[2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop (Advanced)#Participants | Participants of 2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop (Advanced Translation Group)]]<br />
|Editor = <br />
|Translation Year = 2019<br />
}}<br />
[[File:Backward.png|right|40px|link=2019_JSG_Summer_Hanmun_Workshop_(Advanced)#.282019.29Primary_Sources_for_Korean_Studies]]<br />
<gallery mode=packed heights=150px caption=><br />
File:최수학원정1_2.jpg|崔壽學 原情1(2)<br />
File:승정원일기숙종39년7월21일.jpg|[http://sjw.history.go.kr/id/SJW-D39070210-02500 承政院日記 肅宗 39年 7月 21日]<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
<br />
=='''Introduction'''==<br />
金東白과의 相訟 건. 武人출신 양반 崔壽學과 平民 출신 金東白 간에 최씨 가문이 養山한 곳에서의 땔나무 斫伐, 사적 형벌(私門亂杖), 저수지에서의 물이용 등을 다툰 소송사건.<br />
<br />
*작성시기: 1713년(숙종39)경의 草本 혹은 후대 전사본.<br />
:- [http://sjw.history.go.kr/id/SJW-D39070210-02500 『承政院日記』 479책 (탈초본 25책) 숙종 39년 7월 21일 병인 25/62 기사.]<br />
:- 1713년 康熙(淸/聖祖) 52년. 金鎭圭 등이 입시하여 崔壽學의 죄목과 처리에 대해 논의함.<br />
*작 성 자: 崔壽學(1652~1714)<br />
*수 취 자: 大邱都護府<br />
*주 제 어: 就山負柴, 捉致毆打, 白晝裸體俯瞰, 散髮告官, 一足指浮氣, 私門 亂杖五十度, 樵牧 奪衣服斧斤橽檚, 長養柴木燔瓦分利, 柴炭發賣 徵價村人, 鎭營燔瓦分用 取三分之一 納柴取瓦, 私堤貯水專利,<br />
<br />
=='''Original Script'''==<br />
<br />
<br />
{|class="wikitable" style="width:90%; font-size:110%; color:#002080; background-color:#ffffff;"<br />
!style="width:40%;"|Classical Chinese || style="width:60%;"| English <br />
|-<br />
|<br />
01 白等 金東白妻金召史呈議送內 今月初二日 就山負柴<br />
<br />
02 是去乙 矣身捉致毆打 私門亂杖五十度是如 問目內辭緣<br />
<br />
03 是置有亦 同東白 今月初二日良中 矣所居案山壓近之處<br />
<br />
04 晨登斫柴是乎矣 白晝裸體俯瞰矣家內是去乙 矣身不勝驚<br />
<br />
05 駭 使奴捉致是乎則 同東白滿身全無所掩 赤體之狀 事涉<br />
<br />
06 殊常 有若惹起者是去乙 矣身只令結縛 以爲告官處置<br />
<br />
07 之計而已 元無一度下杖之事是如乎 同東白卽令其妻 被打重<br />
<br />
08 傷是如 散髮告官爲乎所 欲令矣身驅入於罔惻之境是如可 <br />
<br />
09 幸賴城主神明之政 卽致東白親審傷處是乎則 元無<br />
<br />
10 所傷處 只有一足指浮氣而已是乎等以 城主洞燭其誣訴之<br />
<br />
11 由 只囚矣奴是如乎 不意今者 東白又使其妻誣訴營門 私門<br />
<br />
12 亂杖 至於五十度是如爲乎所 初二日果爲五十度亂杖 則初三<br />
<br />
13 日營門親審時 元無傷處 萬無其理 一夜之間五十度亂<br />
<br />
14 杖處 何至快完如常之境乎 擧此一款 其矣所謂轉仆荊棘 解髮<br />
<br />
15 結縛等說 皆歸虛套是乎旀 矣身養山近處 往來樵牧乙 或<br />
<br />
16 奪衣服斧斤 或爲橽檚 又於長養柴木乙 燔瓦分利是旀<br />
<br />
17 柴炭發賣 徵價村人是如 問目內辭緣是置有亦 矣身果有<br />
<br />
18 若干養山處 長養雜木 已至累年 則洞內村童輩 皆知禁處<br />
<br />
19 元無樵木之事 則安有奪衣服奪斧斤撻檚之事乎 設有<br />
<br />
20 迷劣兒童 或來伐柴是乎乃 只示禁斷之意是乎則 其矣奪<br />
<br />
21 衣服斧斤等說 盡是誣訴是乎旀 至於燔瓦事段 前營將<br />
<br />
22 在任時 新築坐起廳 而所燔瓦木乙 無路辦備乙仍于 矣養<br />
<br />
23 山雜木若許燔瓦 則燔瓦分用是如爲去乙 矣身果爲聽從<br />
<br />
24 則鎭營燔瓦分用 而矣身段 只取三分之一 則納柴取瓦 自是<br />
<br />
25 通行之規 安有以此分利之事是乎旀 設欲分利是乎乃 鎭營<br />
<br />
26 亦安有偏廳矣身之言 符同分利之理乎 萬萬無據是乎旀 若<br />
<br />
27 干柴木乙 旣已赭山盡用於燔瓦之由 一村大小人民 無不共知<br />
<br />
28 則亦安有柴炭納上時 更有餘木發賣 徵價之理乎 其矣誣<br />
<br />
29 訴構虛之狀 節節昭然是乎旀 至於私堤貯水專利等說 尤爲<br />
<br />
30 無據 當初築堰之時 一從堤下作者等所願 合力設築是旀<br />
<br />
31 及其蒙利灌漑之時 一從堤下畓庫 使之均灌則 矣身安有<br />
<br />
32 獨自專利之事乎 設欲專利是乎乃 矣身畓庫只有若干<br />
<br />
33 其餘畓庫 皆是作者 則若干畓灌水 亦安有專利取怨<br />
<br />
34 之理乎 上項東白所謂半作畓庫 在於此堤下至遠之處 而元<br />
<br />
35 非灌漑之處 亦非自堤引水之地 當此未移秧之日 設使東白<br />
<br />
36 許其引水是乎乙喩良置 創開新梁然後 可以引水 則<br />
<br />
37 其矣所訴內 矣身專利 而渠未移秧是如爲臥乎所 此非<br />
<br />
38 誣訴之甚者乎 大槩矣身半世京洛 專意宦遊是如可<br />
<br />
39 中年病蟄 且緣喪敗杜戶委巷 積有年所是如乎 到今<br />
<br />
40 豪强之名及於矣身病伏之中 爲一常漢所誣訴是乎所 此<br />
<br />
41 不過矣持身不謹之致是乎乃 末路人心 亦可痛駭 矣身元無毆打東<br />
<br />
42 白之事 而謂之毆打五十度足杖是如爲乎所 旣有<br />
<br />
43 案前親審 則不待多卞 而其矣奸狀 自然現露是乎旀<br />
<br />
44 亦無養山禁伐時 奪取之事 而謂之奪取衣服斧斤是如<br />
<br />
45 爲乎旀 亦無燔瓦分利柴木發賣之事 而謂之分利徵價是如<br />
<br />
46 爲乎所 俱是誣訴 而一節甚於一節 此皆矣身之自明 不足<br />
<br />
47 取信 則養山下洞長頭頭人 及堤下作者等處 別加推問 則<br />
<br />
48 其間虛實 灼然可知是白齊 大槩東白 不知自何處來人 住<br />
<br />
49 接者不過二三年 則矣身養山築堰等事乙 萬無所知 而所訴<br />
<br />
50 如此 此必有指嗾書給之人是去乎<br />
<br />
51 明政之下 若加嚴問 則其矣奸狀 昭不可掩 各別明査 處<br />
<br />
52 斷敎事<br />
||<br />
(translation)<br />
I hereby report to you. Lady Gim, the wife of Gim Dongbak, accused me in the appeal she filed to the governor that I arbitrarily caught Gim Dongbak and beat him up, that I caned him fifty times in disorderly manner within my private realm. According to the contents in the clauses of inquisition, Gim Dongbak chopped off trees in the early morning of the second day of this month in the mountains right in front of where I live, and in complete nakedness in the light of day, he was looking over at my house. In an unbearable astonishment, I had my slaves go catch him. As this Dongbak was completely naked with nothing to cover his body with, an extremely eerie situation unfolded. I just ordered my slaves to tie him up with a view to taking him to the police. I originally had no plan whatsoever to beat him up. This Donbak had his wife report to the government with her braids untied and disheveled that Dongbak was severely wounded. They wanted to push me into a woeful trap. Fortunately, thanks to the sagacious judgment of the magistrate, a government official investigated whether or not Dongbak was wounded and ruled that he was completely unscarred except for one swollen toe. This is the reason why the magistrate who clearly investigated this issue decided that it was a slander.<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=='''Discussion Questions'''==<br />
# What can we learn from this document about the due processes of lawsuit?<br />
# Why do you think Kim Dongbak went naked in front of Choe's family? <br />
# What does this document tell us about the conditions of commoners in late 18th century Joseon?<br />
<br />
=='''Further Readings'''==<br />
<!--<br />
<div style="color:#008080;"><br />
* View together with '''~~'''.<br />
</div><br />
--><br />
*<br />
*<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''References'''==<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
=='''Translation'''==<br />
<br />
==='''(sample) : Jaeyoon Song'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
<br />
I hereby report to you. Lady Gim, the wife of Gim Dongbak, accused me in the appeal she filed to the governor that I arbitrarily caught Gim Dongbak and beat him up, that I caned him fifty times in disorderly manner within my private realm. According to the contents in the clauses of inquisition, Gim Dongbak chopped off trees in the early morning of the second day of this month in the mountains right in front of where I live, and in complete nakedness in the light of day, he was looking over at my house. In an unbearable astonishment, I had my slaves go catch him. As this Dongbak was completely naked with nothing to cover his body with, an extremely eerie situation unfolded. I just ordered my slaves to tie him up with a view to taking him to the police. I originally had no plan whatsoever to beat him up. This Donbak had his wife report to the government with her braids untied and disheveled that Dongbak was severely wounded. They wanted to push me into a woeful trap. Fortunately, thanks to the sagacious judgment of the magistrate, a government official investigated whether or not Dongbak was wounded and ruled that he was completely unscarred except for one swollen toe. This is the reason why the magistrate who clearly investigated this issue decided that it was a slander. <br />
<br />
只囚矣奴是如乎 不意今者 東白又使其妻誣訴營門 私門<br />
<br />
12 亂杖 至於五十度是如爲乎所 初二日果爲五十度亂杖 則初三<br />
<br />
13 日營門親審時 元無傷處 萬無其理 一夜之間五十度亂<br />
<br />
14 杖處 何至快完如常之境乎 擧此一款 其矣所謂轉仆荊棘 解髮<br />
<br />
15 結縛等說 皆歸虛套是乎旀 矣身養山近處 往來樵牧乙 或<br />
<br />
16 奪衣服斧斤 或爲橽檚 又於長養柴木乙 燔瓦分利是旀<br />
<br />
17 柴炭發賣 徵價村人是如 問目內辭緣是置有亦 矣身果有<br />
<br />
18 若干養山處 長養雜木 已至累年 則洞內村童輩 皆知禁處<br />
<br />
19 元無樵木之事 則安有奪衣服奪斧斤撻檚之事乎 設有<br />
<br />
20 迷劣兒童 或來伐柴是乎乃 只示禁斷之意是乎則 其矣奪<br />
<br />
21 衣服斧斤等說 盡是誣訴是乎旀 至於燔瓦事段 前營將<br />
<br />
22 在任時 新築坐起廳 而所燔瓦木乙 無路辦備乙仍于 矣養<br />
<br />
23 山雜木若許燔瓦 則燔瓦分用是如爲去乙 矣身果爲聽從<br />
<br />
24 則鎭營燔瓦分用 而矣身段 只取三分之一 則納柴取瓦 自是<br />
<br />
25 通行之規 安有以此分利之事是乎旀 設欲分利是乎乃 鎭營<br />
<br />
26 亦安有偏廳矣身之言 符同分利之理乎 萬萬無據是乎旀 若<br />
<br />
27 干柴木乙 旣已赭山盡用於燔瓦之由 一村大小人民 無不共知<br />
<br />
28 則亦安有柴炭納上時 更有餘木發賣 徵價之理乎 其矣誣<br />
<br />
29 訴構虛之狀 節節昭然是乎旀 至於私堤貯水專利等說 尤爲<br />
<br />
30 無據 當初築堰之時 一從堤下作者等所願 合力設築是旀<br />
<br />
31 及其蒙利灌漑之時 一從堤下畓庫 使之均灌則 矣身安有<br />
<br />
32 獨自專利之事乎 設欲專利是乎乃 矣身畓庫只有若干<br />
<br />
33 其餘畓庫 皆是作者 則若干畓灌水 亦安有專利取怨<br />
<br />
34 之理乎 上項東白所謂半作畓庫 在於此堤下至遠之處 而元<br />
<br />
35 非灌漑之處 亦非自堤引水之地 當此未移秧之日 設使東白<br />
<br />
36 許其引水是乎乙喩良置 創開新梁然後 可以引水 則<br />
<br />
37 其矣所訴內 矣身專利 而渠未移秧是如爲臥乎所 此非<br />
<br />
38 誣訴之甚者乎 大槩矣身半世京洛 專意宦遊是如可<br />
<br />
39 中年病蟄 且緣喪敗杜戶委巷 積有年所是如乎 到今<br />
<br />
40 豪强之名及於矣身病伏之中 爲一常漢所誣訴是乎所 此<br />
<br />
41 不過矣持身不謹之致是乎乃 末路人心 亦可痛駭 矣身元無毆打東<br />
<br />
42 白之事 而謂之毆打五十度足杖是如爲乎所 旣有<br />
<br />
43 案前親審 則不待多卞 而其矣奸狀 自然現露是乎旀<br />
<br />
44 亦無養山禁伐時 奪取之事 而謂之奪取衣服斧斤是如<br />
<br />
45 爲乎旀 亦無燔瓦分利柴木發賣之事 而謂之分利徵價是如<br />
<br />
46 爲乎所 俱是誣訴 而一節甚於一節 此皆矣身之自明 不足<br />
<br />
47 取信 則養山下洞長頭頭人 及堤下作者等處 別加推問 則<br />
<br />
48 其間虛實 灼然可知是白齊 大槩東白 不知自何處來人 住<br />
<br />
49 接者不過二三年 則矣身養山築堰等事乙 萬無所知 而所訴<br />
<br />
50 如此 此必有指嗾書給之人是去乎<br />
<br />
51 明政之下 若加嚴問 則其矣奸狀 昭不可掩 各別明査 處<br />
<br />
52 斷敎事<br />
<br />
==='''Student 1 : Yishu Ma'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
What can we learn about the social environment of the 18th century Joseon from this document, such as the relationship between the elite class and common people? <br />
<br />
What are the deep meanings behind Kim's and his wife's behaviors described in this document?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 2 : Samuel Chan 陳世熙 진세희'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions: One of the issues arose in the lawsuit pertains to the dispute over the public and private use of resources. Behind this dispute lies a pre-modern conception of what was public and private. So, to a pre-modern person, what was public and private? By extension of this question, how did a pre-modern person relate the concept of public and private to that of social justice? William Rowe wrote about a civil society in 19th century Hankow, whose conception was partly attributed to how people thought was public in their community. Can we see similar phenomena in this case?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 3 : Younès M'Ghari'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
Were slaves in China and other societies also resorting to this act of indecency to express their anger?<br />
<br />
To what extent was the class consciousness of the yangbans comparable to that of contemporary bourgeoisie?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 4 : King Kwong Wong'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
How does this document reflect the social status of the Yangban elites? Considering the litigation between the Yangban and commoners, did the Yangban receive special treatment? Also considering the factional struggle of the period, did it affect the outcome of the law case?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 5 : 신동조'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
Could the verdict have been different if the accused had been a member of 西人, the ruling party?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 6 : Stacey Lui'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
When did the earliest case of a yangban-commoner legal dispute occur in the Chosŏn period? Did they become more frequent over time? If so, what does this suggest about class divisions and struggles against the elite?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 7 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
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==='''Student 8 : Q'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
Although we understand that many aspects of this case make it stand out, was 崔's practice of exploiting and monopolizing resources common?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 9 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
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*Discussion Questions:<br />
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==='''Student 10 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
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*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
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==='''Student 11 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
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<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
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<br />
==='''Student 12 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 13 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 14 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop]]<br />
[[Category:Advanced Translation Group]]</div>Qhttp://dh.aks.ac.kr/jsg/index.php?title=(Translation)_1543%E5%B9%B4_%E6%9D%8E%E5%BD%A6%E8%BF%AA%E8%AB%AD%E6%9B%B8&diff=19254(Translation) 1543年 李彦迪諭書2019-07-18T00:19:10Z<p>Q: /* Student 8 : Q */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Primary Source Document3<br />
|Image = 1543년이언적유서.jpg<br />
|English = <br />
|Chinese = 1543年 李彦迪 諭書<br />
|Korean = 1543년 이언적 유서(''Yi Eonjeok Yuseo'')<br />
|Genre = [[Royal Court Documents]]<br />
|Type = Instructions<br />
|Author = 國王:中宗<br />
|Source = [http://archive.aks.ac.kr/Inspection/insDirView.aspx?dataUCI=G002+AKS+KSM-XA.1543.1111-20101008.B043a_065_00011_XXX Old Documents and Sources (한국고문서자료관)]<br />
|Year = 1543<br />
|Key Concepts= <br />
|Translator = [[2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop (Advanced)#Participants | Participants of 2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop (Advanced Translation Group)]]<br />
|Editor = <br />
|Translation Year = 2019<br />
}}<br />
[[File:Backward.png|right|40px|link=2019_JSG_Summer_Hanmun_Workshop_(Advanced)#.282019.29Primary_Sources_for_Korean_Studies]]<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''Introduction'''==<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''Original Script'''==<br />
<br />
{|class="wikitable" style="width:80%; font-size:110%; color:#002080; background-color:#ffffff;"<br />
!style="width:50%;"|Classical Chinese || style="width:50%;"| English <br />
|-<br />
|<br />
▣…▣ <br />
<br />
荐臻專城或存於▣▣ <br />
赤子未蒙其實澤<br />
脫有▣(緩)急, 將何措, <br />
宜益軫, 予懷其惟重臣<br />
惟卿, 德涵內外, 學造精微, 敦大而高明, <br />
方嚴而簡默, <br />
處論思之地, 嘉猷累陳, 作親民之官, 善政素著, <br />
允釐庶績, 方參廟謨, <br />
<br />
今授卿以本道觀察使兼兵馬水軍節度使<br />
卿其體予倚任<br />
專推卿孝友之政<br />
課農桑以衣食吾民<br />
明敎化以作新斯民<br />
秉大公而嚴黜陟<br />
揭至明而別情僞<br />
剸裁盤錯<br />
伸理冤枉, 罪關大憂, <br />
錄狀啓稟官 <br />
堂上斷以卿衷<br />
故玆敎示<br />
想宜知悉<br />
<br />
嘉靖▣…▣八月初十日<br />
<br />
<br />
||<br />
If those successive magistrates involve in..., common people would not receive the real benefits of governance. <br />
<br />
Confronted with sudden and urgent situations, how would we handle them? <br />
<br />
In my growing concern over these matters, I can only think of one important minister, which is you.<br />
<br />
You are embodied with virtue inside and outside.<br />
<br />
In learning, you have reached at high levels of profundity and delicacy. <br />
<br />
You are great and brilliant.<br />
<br />
You are upright and solemn, and, at the same time, simple and quiet.<br />
<br />
When posited in situations of discussing your ideas, you have repeatedly laid out excellent plans for governance.<br />
<br />
Being an official of renewing the people, your good governance has always been outstanding.<br />
<br />
You have governed many tasks so sincerely and participated in the discussion in the court.<br />
<br />
As I now appoint you as Governor of the Gyeongsang Province and Navy Commissioner as well, you must attend to the mission that I assign to you; devote yourself to extending the governance of filial piety and friendship; feed and clothe My people by encouraging farming and sericulture; enlighten, thereby renewing them.<br />
<br />
Holding on to the great fairness, you must be strict in promotion and expulsion.<br />
<br />
Lifting the supreme intelligence, you must differentiate what is right and wrong.<br />
<br />
Cutting out the entangled issues, you must relieve the unresolved grievances.<br />
<br />
If the crimes should raise grave concerns, you should report to the office.<br />
<br />
If the rank of the accused is not as high as the ministers of 3a, you can make a judgment based on your faithfulness.<br />
<br />
I, the King, hereby instruct you thus, and you should consider and remember all My instructions.<br />
<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
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=='''Discussion Questions'''==<br />
#<br />
#<br />
<br />
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=='''Further Readings'''==<br />
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=='''References'''==<br />
<references/><br />
《書·堯典》：“允釐百工，庶績咸熙。”<br />
<br />
=='''Translation'''==<br />
<br />
==='''(sample) : Jaeyoon Song'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
11. 罪關大憂, 錄狀啓稟官 堂上斷以卿衷, 故玆敎示 想宜知悉 <br />
If the crimes should raise grave concerns, you should report to the office, and the high ministers (ranking 3a and above) will make a judgment based on your faithful report. I, the king, hereby instruct you thus, and you should consider and remember all my instructions.<br />
<br />
==='''Student 1 : Yishu Ma'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
荐臻專城或存於▣▣赤子未蒙其實澤<br />
<br />
Translation: <br />
Successive local officials might be ...<br />
Common people have not yet received the real benefits [of governance].<br />
<br />
==='''Student 2 : Samuel Sai Hay Chan 陳世熙 진세희'''===<br />
----<br />
脫有▣(緩)急將何措宜益軫予懷其惟重臣 <br />
<br />
As to a sudden and urgent situation, what to do with it? One ought to handle it with measured deliberations. I can only think of one right minister [who is qualified to take up such task].<br />
<br />
Translator's note:<br />
<br />
1. The meaning of 脫有緩急 is evading for a modern reader. But it is apparently a very common idiom during the Choson dynasty. A search in the Veritable Records of the Choson Dynasty (조선왕조실록) yields 283 results. From my brief survey, the idiom seemingly refers to a sudden and urgent situation.<br />
<br />
Example: <br />
태종실록 14권, 태종 7년 7월 27일 戊寅 2번째기사 開雲浦至甘北浦水路五息, 陸路四息, 脫有緩急, 難以相救。 <br />
<br />
세종실록 88권, 세종 22년 3월 1일 癸卯 3번째기사 今聞高興新鎭, 置於隔海之地三十餘里, 脫有緩急, 人民被虜可慮。<br />
<br />
광해군일기[중초본] 7권, 광해 1년 6월 8일 丁巳 3번째기사 近因南邊稍靜, 人之視舟師若筌然, 減損兩湖入防之船, 只存本道船二十餘隻。 其勢將至於停罷, 脫有緩急, 將何以應敵乎?<br />
<br />
2. The document used a historical variation of the word "脫." For more, see 中華民國教育部 異體字字典 http://dict2.variants.moe.edu.tw/yitia/fra/fra03334.htm<br />
<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
I Ŏnchŏk was appointed to be an official in Kyŏnggi Province, the province that shared great proximity with the capital. How did this fact change the emphasize of what Yi was expected to do in his post? Compared to officials who were appointed to different areas in the country, how was Yi's post different than, say, its counterparts in the Northern provinces?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 3 : Younès M'Ghari'''===<br />
----<br />
惟卿 德涵內外 學造精微 敦大而高明 方嚴而簡默 <br />
<br />
Only you, minister, are embodied with virtue inside and outside. Your knowledge is profound and subtle. You are great and brilliant. You are upright and solemn, and [in the same time] simple and quiet.<br />
<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
Under which circumstances this order could be declined (e.g., a disease, an ill father or son to take care of)? How would a minister notify it (through which means, which institution)? What would be the possible sanctions towards a minister refusing to obey this kind of order although he has reasons to?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 4 : King Kwong Wong'''===<br />
----<br />
處論思之地 嘉猷累陳 作親民之官, 善政素著 <br />
When posited in situations of discussing your ideas, you repeatedly lay out excellent plans for governance. Being an official of renewing people, your good governance is always outstanding.<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
What were the duties of Surveillance Commissioner (觀察使) and Military Commissioner (節度使)? What were the qualities that the king was looking for when appointing someone to these posts? How important were these posts to regional governance?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 5 : 신동조'''===<br />
----<br />
允釐庶績 方參廟謨 <br />
<br />
You have governed many tasks so sincerely that you can now participate in the discussion of the court.<br />
<br />
Discussion Questions: Could the contemporaries misinterpret these documents? In the case of 貺, it could be misread as "脫," which could change the meaning of the sentence...<br />
<br />
==='''Student 6 : Stacey Lui'''===<br />
----<br />
卿其體予倚任 專推卿孝友之政<br />
<br />
I deeply trust your character. Now you should devote yourself to extending the governance of filial piety and friendship.<br />
<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
Are there any examples of appointments being made without the use of such flattering language?<br />
What was the process of appointing officials to their posts? Did the officials themselves have any say in the matter?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 7 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
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課農桑以衣食吾民<br />
<br />
Study farming and sericulture to feed and clothe our people.<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 8 : Q'''===<br />
----<br />
明敎化以作新斯民<br />
<br />
Let moral suasion shine so as to renew this people of ours.<br />
<br />
作新斯民 as verb 作 + object 新斯民, which can also be thought of as verb 新 + object 斯民, can be seen [http://sillok.history.go.kr/main/main.do here].<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
How did the people of Choson court reconcile the abstract language, of which this is an example, and the possible implications regarding various issues mentioned in the process of applying them?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 9 : Yeonjae Ra'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
秉大公而嚴黜陟<br />
Hold onto the great fairness, and be strict to promotion and expel. <br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 10 : (Kanghun Ahn)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
揭至明而別情僞剸裁盤錯伸理冤枉<br />
<br />
Lifting up the supreme luminosity (intelligence), in order to differentiate what is right and wrong, cutting out the entangled issues, and relieving the unresolved grievances<br />
<br />
==='''Student 11 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 12 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
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*Discussion Questions:<br />
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==='''Student 13 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
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*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 14 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop]]<br />
[[Category:Advanced Translation Group]]</div>Qhttp://dh.aks.ac.kr/jsg/index.php?title=(Translation)_%E5%B4%94%E9%B3%B4%E5%90%89_%E4%B8%99%E5%AD%90%E5%B0%81%E4%BA%8B%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80&diff=19131(Translation) 崔鳴吉 丙子封事第一2019-07-16T15:56:27Z<p>Q: /* Introduction */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Primary Source Document3<br />
|Image = 최명길 병자봉사제일1.jpg<br />
|English = <br />
|Chinese = 丙子封事第一<br />
|Korean = 병자봉사제일(''Byeongjabongsajeil'')<br />
|Genre = [[Literati Writings]]<br />
|Type = 箚<br />
|Author = 崔鳴吉<br />
|Year = <br />
|Source = [http://db.itkc.or.kr/inLink?DCI=ITKC_MO_0328A_0110_010_0120_2003_A089_XML Korean Classics and Literati's Collection of Writings (한국고전종합DB)]<br />
|Key Concepts= <br />
|Translator = King Kwong Wong [[2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop (Advanced)#Participants | Participants of 2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop (Advanced Translation Group)]]<br />
|Editor = <br />
|Translation Year = 2019<br />
}}<br />
[[File:Backward.png|right|40px|link=2019_JSG_Summer_Hanmun_Workshop_(Advanced)#.282019.29Primary_Sources_for_Korean_Studies]]<br />
<gallery mode=packed heights=150px caption=><br />
File:최명길 병자봉사제일1.jpg|崔鳴吉 丙子封事第一(2)<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
<br />
=='''Introduction'''==<br />
Ch’oe Myŏngkil (Choe Myeonggil; 1586 - 1647) was a Confucian scholar and statesman. He had a rather successful career in government as he eventually reached the position of Chief State Councilor, the highest place in the officialdom of Chosŏn. His is one of the better known names in the entire Chosŏn history. However, instead of his other successes and failures, the mark he left has to do with his political position and the fate of his country at around the time of this writing. <br />
<br />
During the relatively short span of time between 1592 and 1636, when this memorial was composed, Chosŏn already suffered three invasions, of which the first two were by Japan and the last by Later Jin. The events and the changes in the political climate of this region of Asia was to lead to a fourth invasion--this time by Qing. Chosŏn's subsequent surrender, whose terms included kowtows by King Injo in submission to Hong Taiji of the Qing dynasty who had come to Chosŏn in person, are considered, by many, the most humiliating moment in the history of the dynasty. <br />
<br />
Ch’oe Myŏngkil's memorial can be better understood, having these concurrent historical events in mind. However, the role he played in the unfolding of these events and the characterization imposed on him subsequently date back to the time of the third invasion, one by Late Jin. Ch’oe Myŏngkil is remembered as the leading proponent of ''chuhwaron'' as opposed to ''ch'ŏk'waron'' of Kim Sanghŏn, his opponent whose name rarely fails to accompany Ch’oe's in the discussions regarding this invasion. ''Chuhwaron'' can be, more literally, translated as "the argument for seeking peace [negotiation]," and ''ch'ŏk'waron'' "the argument for rejecting peace [negotiation]." Ch’oe supported the position favoring diplomatic solution during the Later Jin Invasion in 1627 and would again during this invasion. The two positions have often been understood in terms of "pragmatic compromise" and "adherence to principle" in relation to the tributary relationship between Chosŏn and Ming, and Chosŏn's perception of the Manchus as barbarians and Ming as the Confucian state. Along these lines of thinking, Ch’oe is sometimes characterized as someone who sacrificed his reputation and principle in order to save his country and at others, as someone who corrupted the Confucian principles and caused a disgrace to his king and his country. More recent scholarship deems this kind of view simplistic and demands a more thorough inquiry into the complexity of the situation.<ref>Huh Tae koo 허태구. “Choi Myeong-gil’s argument of supporting the pursuit of peace with the enemy, and the issue of Daemyeong Euiri” 崔鳴吉의 主和論과 對明義理. The Journal of Korean History 한국사연구 162 (September 2013): 87–122.</ref><ref>Huh Tae koo 허태구. “The Trend and Prospect of Main Study on the Dispute between Ju’hwa-ron(主和論, argument supporting the idea of pursuing peace with the enemy) and Cheok’hwa-ron(斥和 論, argument boycotting the negotiation of peace with the enemy) during Manchu Invasion of Joseon” 丁卯 · 丙子胡亂 전후 主和 · 斥和論 관련 연구의 성과와 전망. Sahak Yonku: The Review of Korean History 128 (December 2017): 179–235.</ref><ref>O Such'ang 오수창. “Choi Myeonggil gwa Kim Sanghŏn” 최명길과 김상헌 [Choi Myeonggil and Kim Sanghŏn]. Critical Review of History 역사비평, February 1998, 393–403.</ref><br />
<br />
=='''Original Script'''==<br />
<br />
<br />
{|class="wikitable" style="width:90%; font-size:110%; color:#002080; background-color:#ffffff;"<br />
!style="width:40%;"|Classical Chinese || style="width:60%;"| English <br />
|-<br />
|<br />
伏以臣病伏私室。不與朝廷之議。聞諸道路之傳。今此金差之言。悖慢凶狡。有不忍聞。凡有血氣。孰不憤惋欲死。竊聞句管問答。廟堂籌畫。辭直理當。有足可觀。然於臣心。有不得不爲過慮者焉。當初約和時。朝廷以君臣大義。反覆開陳。彼雖犬羊。亦有知覺。故不敢強我以非義。約爲隣國。告天立誓。十餘年間。未有他說。今忽發爲此言者何也。且虜旣跨據大漠。無所受制。肆然稱帝。誰復禁止。而必欲藉口於我國者。其心或難知。<br />
<br />
我若只以口語答之。則事跡晻昧。無可據證。如使驕虜反其辭說。而誣我於天下。其將何以自解乎。臣之愚意。例答之外。別爲一書。備陳僞號之不可僭。臣節之不可易。尊卑之等不可紊。以明大義而存國體。仍將虜書及我國所答。移咨督府。轉奏皇朝。一面下諭八方。訓飭兵馬。以待其變。使天下之人。曉然知朝廷處置之明白。然後可以折虜謀而壯士氣。書之史冊。無愧辭矣。且聞龍胡之行。唯以春信弔祭爲名。而汗書亦無別語。其所謂悖書者。乃八高山及蒙古王子書也。<br />
<br />
答其循例之書。而拒其悖理之言。君臣之義。隣國之道。得以兩全。於計爲宜。況今山陵未畢。守備未完。權宜緩禍之策。亦何可全然不思。金差不妨招見。所不可見者西㺚耳。西㺚不必薄待。所當嚴斥者悖書耳。<br />
<br />
臣竊觀今日虜情。特有早晩。等是被兵。但不可矇矓處置。以致見賣。過於落莫。以促其兵耳。城門閉言路開。雖有悔端。亦不濟事。今日之勢可謂急矣。而幸未至於目前被兵。伏願殿下。益加憤發。先立大志。如頃日諫臣筵臣之言。多所採納。收敍言事之臣。勇革病民之政。振拔人才。激勵將士。以慰臣民之望。則人心旣悅。國勢自固。雖有外患。亦不至大段顚沛矣。臣之賤疾。一向沈綿。精神昏憒。全不省外事。而竊不任區區憂國之誠。冒陳所懷。唯明主裁之。取進止。<br />
||<br />
Your minister humbly prostrates in my private quarter because of my illness. Your minister did not participate in court discussion but heard the reports from all the provinces and circuits. Now the words of this envoy from the Later Jin were offensively arrogant and viciously treacherous. I could not bear to hear these words. Among all those who have courage and uprightness, who will not resent to the extent of desiring death? Your minister humbly heard that as to the questions and answers of the bureaucrats and the plans and preparations of the Border Defense Command, their speeches are upright and reasonings are sound. They are good enough to be considered. Yet in your minister’s mind, there is something that your minister could not but be overly concerned. At the time when we were first negotiating peace, the court, using the great righteousness between ruler and minister, repeatedly listed our statements. They albeit dogs and sheep do have consciousness, therefore dare not to force us to violate righteousness. We agreed to be neighboring states, reported to Heaven, and swore an oath. In between these ten or so years, there were no other claims. Now they suddenly uttered this speech, why? Moreover, the caitiffs overran the great desert and were constrained by none. Presumptuously they proclaimed emperorship. Who can turn the tide to stop them? And as to those who desire to use a pretense against our state, their minds are probably hard to understand.<br />
<br />
If we only reply with words of mouth, then the course of events is not clear and cannot serve as evidence. If it let the arrogant caitiffs reverse our words and slander us in front of All under Heaven, then what can we use to explain ourselves? In your minister’s humble opinion, in addition to regular response, we should separately write a letter, completely stating that the false title cannot be used to usurp, that the loyalty of ministers cannot be changed, and that the ranks of the venerable and base cannot be confused, so as to clarify the great righteousness and to preserve the essence of our state. As ever send the letter of the caitiffs and the reply of our state to the military command for consultation and then report to the August dynasty. At the same time, send instructions to the eight directions, discipline the soldiers and horses, so as to wait for the revolt and let people of all under Heaven clearly know how unambiguously the court handle this matter. Then by doing so, it can destroy the scheme of the caitiffs and strengthen the morale of our soldiers. Write them in historical records, and there will be no words of regret. Furthermore, your minister heard that Yonggoltae’s (Yonggoldae) trip only used the spring mission and the condolence<ref>This refers to the death of Queen Inyŏl (Inyeol), the consort of Injo.</ref> as pretexts, and the letter of the khan also does not have other words. What are called rebellious letters are those of the Eight Banners and of the Mongol princes.<br />
<br />
Reply their regular letters but reject their words of violating principles, so that both the righteousness of ruler and minister and the way of neighboring states can be completed. With regard to plans, it is appropriate. Not to mention now our mountain fortresses are not finished and our defense is not complete. As to expedient strategy of delaying calamity, how can it be entirely neglected? There is no harm in receiving the Later Jin envoy, but whom cannot be received are the Western Tartars.<ref>They refer to the Western Mongols.</ref> As to the Western Tartars, we should not treat them ungenerously, but what should be severely reproached are the rebellious letters.<ref>A version of this suggestion is recorded in the Veritable Records of Injo: http://sillok.history.go.kr/id/wpa_11402026_002</ref><br />
<br />
Your minister humbly observed the situations of the caitiffs. Sooner or later, all are the eventual invasion. But it cannot be fuzzily handled so that we are being deceived to point of overly desolate and accelerate their invasion. Shut the door of our cities and open channels of remonstration. Although there will be signs of remorse, they are not beneficial. The situation of today can be said to be urgent, but fortunately, it has yet to reach the point of suffering invasion now. Your minister prostrates and hopes Your Highness make all the more effort and first establish a lofty aspiration. Such as the words of the remonstrating ministers and lecturing ministers, Your Highness should accept more. Gather and rank the ministers who discuss affairs. Bravely reform the policies that harm the people. Promote talents and encourage officers and soldiers, so as to fulfill the wishes of your subjects. Thereby the human mind will be delighted, and the condition of the state will be consolidated. Although there is an external threat, it will not reach a state of grave frustrations. As to your minister’s lowly illness, it always lingers. Your minister’s spirit is muddled and totally not aware of external affairs. And yet your minister cannot bear the trivial sincerity of concerning the state, and risk displaying what I have in my heart, only to let the brilliant lord to judge, taking what to advance and what to cease.<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=='''Discussion Questions'''==<br />
#Who was Ch’oe Myŏngkil (Choe Myeonggil)? How did his background influence his writing? What can we learn about his political standpoint from this memorial? <br />
#How was Ch'oe Myŏngkil situated within the political context of the Chosŏn (Joseon) court at this time? Who took the opposing view? How would his oppositions in the court respond? What would be their strategies to defend the country? Do they use the same strategies for convincing the king?<br />
#Who compiled Ch'oe Myŏngkil’s memorial, when and for what purposes?<br />
#Regarding the argument over the ethnicity and the political legitimacy shown in this memorial, how did Chosŏn (Joseon) people during the 16th-17th centuries understand the Chosŏn-Qing relations?<br />
#Did the Chosŏn court think of itself as the most "civilized" among the peoples around China? Why were certain groups of people (such as the Khitans and Mongols etc.) viewed and written about in a pejorative manner?<br />
#What was the historical context in which this memorial was written? What did the memorial tell us about Chosŏn-Qing relations in the 1630s? Why was the Chosŏn-Qing relation like this? And how about their relations in the remaining 17th century?<br />
#Previous scholars have attributed Chosŏn’s cultural prejudice against the Jurchen-cum-Manchurians as a main cause of an antagonistic relation between Chosŏn and Qing. Aside from cultural causes, what about the causes in the political-economy?<br />
#Was the idea of "closing the gates and opening the channels of expression" a typically Korean concept during the Yi dynasty? If not, was it also existing in Chinese dynasties and Koryô?<br />
#Were memorials an effective method to influence political decisions? And why? Please elaborate your answer.<br />
#The contents of this memorial are also included in the ''Chosŏn wangjo sillok'' (Joseon wangjo sillok 朝鮮王朝實錄), however the king Injo did not respond to this memorial. Why? And why is this memorial written in official writings?<br />
<br />
=='''Further Readings'''==<br />
<!--<br />
<div style="color:#008080;"><br />
* View together with '''~~'''.<br />
</div><br />
--><br />
*<br />
*<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''References'''==<br />
<references/><br />
丙子封事[第二] http://db.itkc.or.kr/dir/item?itemId=MO#/dir/node?dataId=ITKC_MO_0328A_0110_010_0130<br />
<br />
丙子封事[第三] http://db.itkc.or.kr/dir/item?itemId=MO#/dir/node?dataId=ITKC_MO_0328A_0110_010_0140<br />
<br />
=='''Translation'''==<br />
<br />
==='''(sample) : Jaeyoon Song'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 1 : Yishu Ma'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
What can we learn about the writer's political standpoint from this memorial? <br />
<br />
Regarding the argument over the ethnicity and the political legitimacy shown in this memorial, how did Joseon people during the 16th-17th centuries understand the Joseon-Qing relation?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 2 : Samuel Sai Hay Chan 陳世熙 진세희"''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions: What is the historical context in which this memorial was written? What did the memorial tell us about Choson-Qing relation in the 1630s? Why was the Choson-Qing relation like this? Previous scholars have attributed Choson's cultural prejudice against the Jurchen-cum-Manchurians as a main cause of an antagonistic relation between Choson and Qing. What about the causes in the political-economy?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 3 : Younès M'Ghari'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
- Is the concept of "closing the gates and opening the channels of expression" something typically Korean during the Yi dynasty? If not, was is also existing in China and Koryô?<br />
<br />
- Did the Chosôn court really think that it was the most "civilized" among the "barbarians" around China?<br />
<br />
- Who compiled Choe Myônggil's memorial, when and for what purpose?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 4 : King Kwong Wong'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
Who was Ch'oe Myŏngkil (Choe Myeonggil)? How did his background influence his writing?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 5 : 신동조'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
What would the hawks say about 최명길's memorials? What would be their strategies to defend their country?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 6 : Stacey Lui'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
Describe the state of Sino-Korean relations during the time of this memorial and in the years following.<br />
<br />
<br />
Why were certain groups of people (such as the Khitan and Mongols etc.) viewed and written about in a pejorative manner?<br />
<br />
<br />
Were memorials an effective method through which to influence political decisions? Give examples to justify your answer.<br />
<br />
==='''Student 7 : Russell Guilbault'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
# How is Choe Myeong-gil situated within the political context of the Joseon court at this time? Who, if anyone, takes the opposing view? Do they use the same strategies for convincing the king? That is, how similar do the opposing memorials look to Choe's?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 8 : Q'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
Who was Ch'oe Myŏngkil (Choe Myeonggil)? Considering the situation of the Chosŏn (Joseon) in the 17th century, what were the factors that influenced his writing?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 10 : Yeonjae Ra'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions: The contents of this memorial are also included in the Choson Wangjo sillok(朝鮮王朝實錄), however his appeal was not responded to by the king(仁祖). Why not? But why was this memorial written in official writings? <br />
<br />
choson wangjo sillok [http://sillok.history.go.kr/id/wpa_11409005_001]<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop]]<br />
[[Category:Advanced Translation Group]]</div>Qhttp://dh.aks.ac.kr/jsg/index.php?title=(Translation)_%E5%B4%94%E9%B3%B4%E5%90%89_%E4%B8%99%E5%AD%90%E5%B0%81%E4%BA%8B%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80&diff=19129(Translation) 崔鳴吉 丙子封事第一2019-07-16T15:54:05Z<p>Q: /* Introduction */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Primary Source Document3<br />
|Image = 최명길 병자봉사제일1.jpg<br />
|English = <br />
|Chinese = 丙子封事第一<br />
|Korean = 병자봉사제일(''Byeongjabongsajeil'')<br />
|Genre = [[Literati Writings]]<br />
|Type = 箚<br />
|Author = 崔鳴吉<br />
|Year = <br />
|Source = [http://db.itkc.or.kr/inLink?DCI=ITKC_MO_0328A_0110_010_0120_2003_A089_XML Korean Classics and Literati's Collection of Writings (한국고전종합DB)]<br />
|Key Concepts= <br />
|Translator = King Kwong Wong [[2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop (Advanced)#Participants | Participants of 2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop (Advanced Translation Group)]]<br />
|Editor = <br />
|Translation Year = 2019<br />
}}<br />
[[File:Backward.png|right|40px|link=2019_JSG_Summer_Hanmun_Workshop_(Advanced)#.282019.29Primary_Sources_for_Korean_Studies]]<br />
<gallery mode=packed heights=150px caption=><br />
File:최명길 병자봉사제일1.jpg|崔鳴吉 丙子封事第一(2)<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
<br />
=='''Introduction'''==<br />
Ch’oe Myŏngkil (Choe Myeonggil; 1586 - 1647) was a Confucian scholar and statesman. He had a rather successful career in government as he eventually reached the position of Chief State Councilor, the highest place in the officialdom of Chosŏn. His is one of the better known names in the entire Chosŏn history. However, instead of his other successes and failures, the mark he left has to do with his political position and the fate of his country at around the time of this writing. <br />
<br />
During the relatively short span of time between 1592 and 1636, when this memorial was composed, Chosŏn already suffered three invasions, of which the first two were by Japan and the last by Later Jin. The events and the changes in the political climate of this region of Asia was to lead to a fourth invasion--this time by Qing. Chosŏn's subsequent surrender, whose terms included kowtows by King Injo in submission to Hong Taiji of the Qing dynasty who had come to Chosŏn in person, are considered, by many, the most humiliating moment in the history of the dynasty. <br />
<br />
Ch’oe Myŏngkil's memorial can be better understood, having these concurrent historical events in mind. However, the role he played in the unfolding of these events and the characterization imposed on him subsequently date back to the time of the third invasion, one by Late Jin. Ch’oe Myŏngkil is remembered as the leading proponent of ''chuhwaron'' as opposed to ''ch'ŏk'waron'' of Kim Sanghŏn, his opponent whose name rarely fails to accompany Ch’oe's in the discussions regarding this invasion. ''Chuhwaron'' can be, more literally, translated as "the argument for seeking peace [negotiation]," and ''ch'ŏk'waron'' "the argument for rejecting peace [negotiation]." Ch’oe supported the position favoring diplomatic solution during the Later Jin Invasion in 1627 and would again during this invasion. The two positions have often been understood in terms of "pragmatic compromise" and "adherence to principle" in relation to the tributary relationship between Chosŏn and Ming, and Chosŏn's perception of the Manchus as barbarians and Ming as the Confucian state. Along these lines of thinking, Ch’oe is sometimes characterized as someone who sacrificed his reputation and principle in order to save his country and at others, as someone who corrupted the Confucian principle and caused a disgrace to his king and his country. More recent scholarship deems this kind of view simplistic and demands a more thorough inquiry into the complexity of the situation.<ref>Huh Tae koo 허태구. “Choi Myeong-gil’s argument of supporting the pursuit of peace with the enemy, and the issue of Daemyeong Euiri” 崔鳴吉의 主和論과 對明義理. The Journal of Korean History 한국사연구 162 (September 2013): 87–122.</ref><ref>Huh Tae koo 허태구. “The Trend and Prospect of Main Study on the Dispute between Ju’hwa-ron(主和論, argument supporting the idea of pursuing peace with the enemy) and Cheok’hwa-ron(斥和 論, argument boycotting the negotiation of peace with the enemy) during Manchu Invasion of Joseon” 丁卯 · 丙子胡亂 전후 主和 · 斥和論 관련 연구의 성과와 전망. Sahak Yonku: The Review of Korean History 128 (December 2017): 179–235.</ref><ref>O Such'ang 오수창. “Choi Myeonggil gwa Kim Sanghŏn” 최명길과 김상헌 [Choi Myeonggil and Kim Sanghŏn]. Critical Review of History 역사비평, February 1998, 393–403.</ref><br />
<br />
=='''Original Script'''==<br />
<br />
<br />
{|class="wikitable" style="width:90%; font-size:110%; color:#002080; background-color:#ffffff;"<br />
!style="width:40%;"|Classical Chinese || style="width:60%;"| English <br />
|-<br />
|<br />
伏以臣病伏私室。不與朝廷之議。聞諸道路之傳。今此金差之言。悖慢凶狡。有不忍聞。凡有血氣。孰不憤惋欲死。竊聞句管問答。廟堂籌畫。辭直理當。有足可觀。然於臣心。有不得不爲過慮者焉。當初約和時。朝廷以君臣大義。反覆開陳。彼雖犬羊。亦有知覺。故不敢強我以非義。約爲隣國。告天立誓。十餘年間。未有他說。今忽發爲此言者何也。且虜旣跨據大漠。無所受制。肆然稱帝。誰復禁止。而必欲藉口於我國者。其心或難知。<br />
<br />
我若只以口語答之。則事跡晻昧。無可據證。如使驕虜反其辭說。而誣我於天下。其將何以自解乎。臣之愚意。例答之外。別爲一書。備陳僞號之不可僭。臣節之不可易。尊卑之等不可紊。以明大義而存國體。仍將虜書及我國所答。移咨督府。轉奏皇朝。一面下諭八方。訓飭兵馬。以待其變。使天下之人。曉然知朝廷處置之明白。然後可以折虜謀而壯士氣。書之史冊。無愧辭矣。且聞龍胡之行。唯以春信弔祭爲名。而汗書亦無別語。其所謂悖書者。乃八高山及蒙古王子書也。<br />
<br />
答其循例之書。而拒其悖理之言。君臣之義。隣國之道。得以兩全。於計爲宜。況今山陵未畢。守備未完。權宜緩禍之策。亦何可全然不思。金差不妨招見。所不可見者西㺚耳。西㺚不必薄待。所當嚴斥者悖書耳。<br />
<br />
臣竊觀今日虜情。特有早晩。等是被兵。但不可矇矓處置。以致見賣。過於落莫。以促其兵耳。城門閉言路開。雖有悔端。亦不濟事。今日之勢可謂急矣。而幸未至於目前被兵。伏願殿下。益加憤發。先立大志。如頃日諫臣筵臣之言。多所採納。收敍言事之臣。勇革病民之政。振拔人才。激勵將士。以慰臣民之望。則人心旣悅。國勢自固。雖有外患。亦不至大段顚沛矣。臣之賤疾。一向沈綿。精神昏憒。全不省外事。而竊不任區區憂國之誠。冒陳所懷。唯明主裁之。取進止。<br />
||<br />
Your minister humbly prostrates in my private quarter because of my illness. Your minister did not participate in court discussion but heard the reports from all the provinces and circuits. Now the words of this envoy from the Later Jin were offensively arrogant and viciously treacherous. I could not bear to hear these words. Among all those who have courage and uprightness, who will not resent to the extent of desiring death? Your minister humbly heard that as to the questions and answers of the bureaucrats and the plans and preparations of the Border Defense Command, their speeches are upright and reasonings are sound. They are good enough to be considered. Yet in your minister’s mind, there is something that your minister could not but be overly concerned. At the time when we were first negotiating peace, the court, using the great righteousness between ruler and minister, repeatedly listed our statements. They albeit dogs and sheep do have consciousness, therefore dare not to force us to violate righteousness. We agreed to be neighboring states, reported to Heaven, and swore an oath. In between these ten or so years, there were no other claims. Now they suddenly uttered this speech, why? Moreover, the caitiffs overran the great desert and were constrained by none. Presumptuously they proclaimed emperorship. Who can turn the tide to stop them? And as to those who desire to use a pretense against our state, their minds are probably hard to understand.<br />
<br />
If we only reply with words of mouth, then the course of events is not clear and cannot serve as evidence. If it let the arrogant caitiffs reverse our words and slander us in front of All under Heaven, then what can we use to explain ourselves? In your minister’s humble opinion, in addition to regular response, we should separately write a letter, completely stating that the false title cannot be used to usurp, that the loyalty of ministers cannot be changed, and that the ranks of the venerable and base cannot be confused, so as to clarify the great righteousness and to preserve the essence of our state. As ever send the letter of the caitiffs and the reply of our state to the military command for consultation and then report to the August dynasty. At the same time, send instructions to the eight directions, discipline the soldiers and horses, so as to wait for the revolt and let people of all under Heaven clearly know how unambiguously the court handle this matter. Then by doing so, it can destroy the scheme of the caitiffs and strengthen the morale of our soldiers. Write them in historical records, and there will be no words of regret. Furthermore, your minister heard that Yonggoltae’s (Yonggoldae) trip only used the spring mission and the condolence<ref>This refers to the death of Queen Inyŏl (Inyeol), the consort of Injo.</ref> as pretexts, and the letter of the khan also does not have other words. What are called rebellious letters are those of the Eight Banners and of the Mongol princes.<br />
<br />
Reply their regular letters but reject their words of violating principles, so that both the righteousness of ruler and minister and the way of neighboring states can be completed. With regard to plans, it is appropriate. Not to mention now our mountain fortresses are not finished and our defense is not complete. As to expedient strategy of delaying calamity, how can it be entirely neglected? There is no harm in receiving the Later Jin envoy, but whom cannot be received are the Western Tartars.<ref>They refer to the Western Mongols.</ref> As to the Western Tartars, we should not treat them ungenerously, but what should be severely reproached are the rebellious letters.<ref>A version of this suggestion is recorded in the Veritable Records of Injo: http://sillok.history.go.kr/id/wpa_11402026_002</ref><br />
<br />
Your minister humbly observed the situations of the caitiffs. Sooner or later, all are the eventual invasion. But it cannot be fuzzily handled so that we are being deceived to point of overly desolate and accelerate their invasion. Shut the door of our cities and open channels of remonstration. Although there will be signs of remorse, they are not beneficial. The situation of today can be said to be urgent, but fortunately, it has yet to reach the point of suffering invasion now. Your minister prostrates and hopes Your Highness make all the more effort and first establish a lofty aspiration. Such as the words of the remonstrating ministers and lecturing ministers, Your Highness should accept more. Gather and rank the ministers who discuss affairs. Bravely reform the policies that harm the people. Promote talents and encourage officers and soldiers, so as to fulfill the wishes of your subjects. Thereby the human mind will be delighted, and the condition of the state will be consolidated. Although there is an external threat, it will not reach a state of grave frustrations. As to your minister’s lowly illness, it always lingers. Your minister’s spirit is muddled and totally not aware of external affairs. And yet your minister cannot bear the trivial sincerity of concerning the state, and risk displaying what I have in my heart, only to let the brilliant lord to judge, taking what to advance and what to cease.<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=='''Discussion Questions'''==<br />
#Who was Ch’oe Myŏngkil (Choe Myeonggil)? How did his background influence his writing? What can we learn about his political standpoint from this memorial? <br />
#How was Ch'oe Myŏngkil situated within the political context of the Chosŏn (Joseon) court at this time? Who took the opposing view? How would his oppositions in the court respond? What would be their strategies to defend the country? Do they use the same strategies for convincing the king?<br />
#Who compiled Ch'oe Myŏngkil’s memorial, when and for what purposes?<br />
#Regarding the argument over the ethnicity and the political legitimacy shown in this memorial, how did Chosŏn (Joseon) people during the 16th-17th centuries understand the Chosŏn-Qing relations?<br />
#Did the Chosŏn court think of itself as the most "civilized" among the peoples around China? Why were certain groups of people (such as the Khitans and Mongols etc.) viewed and written about in a pejorative manner?<br />
#What was the historical context in which this memorial was written? What did the memorial tell us about Chosŏn-Qing relations in the 1630s? Why was the Chosŏn-Qing relation like this? And how about their relations in the remaining 17th century?<br />
#Previous scholars have attributed Chosŏn’s cultural prejudice against the Jurchen-cum-Manchurians as a main cause of an antagonistic relation between Chosŏn and Qing. Aside from cultural causes, what about the causes in the political-economy?<br />
#Was the idea of "closing the gates and opening the channels of expression" a typically Korean concept during the Yi dynasty? If not, was it also existing in Chinese dynasties and Koryô?<br />
#Were memorials an effective method to influence political decisions? And why? Please elaborate your answer.<br />
#The contents of this memorial are also included in the ''Chosŏn wangjo sillok'' (Joseon wangjo sillok 朝鮮王朝實錄), however the king Injo did not respond to this memorial. Why? And why is this memorial written in official writings?<br />
<br />
=='''Further Readings'''==<br />
<!--<br />
<div style="color:#008080;"><br />
* View together with '''~~'''.<br />
</div><br />
--><br />
*<br />
*<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''References'''==<br />
<references/><br />
丙子封事[第二] http://db.itkc.or.kr/dir/item?itemId=MO#/dir/node?dataId=ITKC_MO_0328A_0110_010_0130<br />
<br />
丙子封事[第三] http://db.itkc.or.kr/dir/item?itemId=MO#/dir/node?dataId=ITKC_MO_0328A_0110_010_0140<br />
<br />
=='''Translation'''==<br />
<br />
==='''(sample) : Jaeyoon Song'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 1 : Yishu Ma'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
What can we learn about the writer's political standpoint from this memorial? <br />
<br />
Regarding the argument over the ethnicity and the political legitimacy shown in this memorial, how did Joseon people during the 16th-17th centuries understand the Joseon-Qing relation?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 2 : Samuel Sai Hay Chan 陳世熙 진세희"''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions: What is the historical context in which this memorial was written? What did the memorial tell us about Choson-Qing relation in the 1630s? Why was the Choson-Qing relation like this? Previous scholars have attributed Choson's cultural prejudice against the Jurchen-cum-Manchurians as a main cause of an antagonistic relation between Choson and Qing. What about the causes in the political-economy?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 3 : Younès M'Ghari'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
- Is the concept of "closing the gates and opening the channels of expression" something typically Korean during the Yi dynasty? If not, was is also existing in China and Koryô?<br />
<br />
- Did the Chosôn court really think that it was the most "civilized" among the "barbarians" around China?<br />
<br />
- Who compiled Choe Myônggil's memorial, when and for what purpose?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 4 : King Kwong Wong'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
Who was Ch'oe Myŏngkil (Choe Myeonggil)? How did his background influence his writing?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 5 : 신동조'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
What would the hawks say about 최명길's memorials? What would be their strategies to defend their country?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 6 : Stacey Lui'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
Describe the state of Sino-Korean relations during the time of this memorial and in the years following.<br />
<br />
<br />
Why were certain groups of people (such as the Khitan and Mongols etc.) viewed and written about in a pejorative manner?<br />
<br />
<br />
Were memorials an effective method through which to influence political decisions? Give examples to justify your answer.<br />
<br />
==='''Student 7 : Russell Guilbault'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
# How is Choe Myeong-gil situated within the political context of the Joseon court at this time? Who, if anyone, takes the opposing view? Do they use the same strategies for convincing the king? That is, how similar do the opposing memorials look to Choe's?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 8 : Q'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
Who was Ch'oe Myŏngkil (Choe Myeonggil)? Considering the situation of the Chosŏn (Joseon) in the 17th century, what were the factors that influenced his writing?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 10 : Yeonjae Ra'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions: The contents of this memorial are also included in the Choson Wangjo sillok(朝鮮王朝實錄), however his appeal was not responded to by the king(仁祖). Why not? But why was this memorial written in official writings? <br />
<br />
choson wangjo sillok [http://sillok.history.go.kr/id/wpa_11409005_001]<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop]]<br />
[[Category:Advanced Translation Group]]</div>Qhttp://dh.aks.ac.kr/jsg/index.php?title=(Translation)_%E5%B4%94%E9%B3%B4%E5%90%89_%E4%B8%99%E5%AD%90%E5%B0%81%E4%BA%8B%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80&diff=19128(Translation) 崔鳴吉 丙子封事第一2019-07-16T15:51:35Z<p>Q: /* Introduction */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Primary Source Document3<br />
|Image = 최명길 병자봉사제일1.jpg<br />
|English = <br />
|Chinese = 丙子封事第一<br />
|Korean = 병자봉사제일(''Byeongjabongsajeil'')<br />
|Genre = [[Literati Writings]]<br />
|Type = 箚<br />
|Author = 崔鳴吉<br />
|Year = <br />
|Source = [http://db.itkc.or.kr/inLink?DCI=ITKC_MO_0328A_0110_010_0120_2003_A089_XML Korean Classics and Literati's Collection of Writings (한국고전종합DB)]<br />
|Key Concepts= <br />
|Translator = King Kwong Wong [[2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop (Advanced)#Participants | Participants of 2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop (Advanced Translation Group)]]<br />
|Editor = <br />
|Translation Year = 2019<br />
}}<br />
[[File:Backward.png|right|40px|link=2019_JSG_Summer_Hanmun_Workshop_(Advanced)#.282019.29Primary_Sources_for_Korean_Studies]]<br />
<gallery mode=packed heights=150px caption=><br />
File:최명길 병자봉사제일1.jpg|崔鳴吉 丙子封事第一(2)<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
<br />
=='''Introduction'''==<br />
Ch’oe Myŏngkil (Choe Myeonggil; 1586 - 1647) was a Confucian scholar and statesman. He had a rather successful career in government as he eventually reached the position of Chief State Councilor, the highest place in the officialdom of Chosŏn. His is one of the better known names in the entire Chosŏn history. However, instead of his other successes and failures, the mark he left has to do with his political position and the fate of his country at around the time of this writing. <br />
<br />
During the relatively short span of time between 1592 and 1636, when this memorial was composed, Chosŏn already suffered three invasions, of which the first two were by Japan and the last by Later Jin. The events and the changes in the political climate of this region of Asia was to lead to a fourth invasion--this time by Qing. Chosŏn's subsequent surrender, whose terms included kowtows by King Injo in submission to Hong Taiji of the Qing dynasty who had come to Chosŏn in person, are considered, by many, the most humiliating moment in the history of the dynasty. <br />
<br />
Ch’oe Myŏngkil's memorial can be better understood, having these concurrent historical events in mind. However, the role he played in the unfolding of these events and the characterization imposed on him subsequently date back to the time of the third invasion, one by Late Jin. Ch’oe Myŏngkil is remembered as the leading proponent of "chuhwaron" as opposed to "ch'ŏk'waron" of Kim Sanghŏn, his opponent whose name rarely fails to accompany Ch’oe's in the discussions regarding this invasion. "Chuhwaron" can be, more literally, translated as "the argument for seeking peace [negotiation]," and "ch'ŏk'waron" "the argument for rejecting peace [negotiation]." Ch’oe supported the position favoring diplomatic solution during the Later Jin Invasion in 1627 and would again during this invasion. The two positions have often been understood in terms of "pragmatic compromise" and "adherence to principle" in relation to the tributary relationship between Chosŏn and Ming, and Chosŏn's perception of the Manchus as barbarians and Ming as the Confucian state. Along these lines of thinking, Ch’oe is sometimes characterized as someone who sacrificed his reputation and principle in order to save his country and at others, as someone who corrupted the Confucian principle and caused a disgrace to his king and his country. More recent scholarship deems this kind of view simplistic and demands a more thorough inquiry into the complexity of the situation.<ref>Huh Tae koo 허태구. “Choi Myeong-gil’s argument of supporting the pursuit of peace with the enemy, and the issue of Daemyeong Euiri” 崔鳴吉의 主和論과 對明義理. The Journal of Korean History 한국사연구 162 (September 2013): 87–122.</ref><ref>Huh Tae koo 허태구. “The Trend and Prospect of Main Study on the Dispute between Ju’hwa-ron(主和論, argument supporting the idea of pursuing peace with the enemy) and Cheok’hwa-ron(斥和 論, argument boycotting the negotiation of peace with the enemy) during Manchu Invasion of Joseon” 丁卯 · 丙子胡亂 전후 主和 · 斥和論 관련 연구의 성과와 전망. Sahak Yonku: The Review of Korean History 128 (December 2017): 179–235.</ref><ref>O Such'ang 오수창. “Choi Myeonggil gwa Kim Sanghŏn” 최명길과 김상헌 [Choi Myeonggil and Kim Sanghŏn]. Critical Review of History 역사비평, February 1998, 393–403.</ref><br />
<br />
=='''Original Script'''==<br />
<br />
<br />
{|class="wikitable" style="width:90%; font-size:110%; color:#002080; background-color:#ffffff;"<br />
!style="width:40%;"|Classical Chinese || style="width:60%;"| English <br />
|-<br />
|<br />
伏以臣病伏私室。不與朝廷之議。聞諸道路之傳。今此金差之言。悖慢凶狡。有不忍聞。凡有血氣。孰不憤惋欲死。竊聞句管問答。廟堂籌畫。辭直理當。有足可觀。然於臣心。有不得不爲過慮者焉。當初約和時。朝廷以君臣大義。反覆開陳。彼雖犬羊。亦有知覺。故不敢強我以非義。約爲隣國。告天立誓。十餘年間。未有他說。今忽發爲此言者何也。且虜旣跨據大漠。無所受制。肆然稱帝。誰復禁止。而必欲藉口於我國者。其心或難知。<br />
<br />
我若只以口語答之。則事跡晻昧。無可據證。如使驕虜反其辭說。而誣我於天下。其將何以自解乎。臣之愚意。例答之外。別爲一書。備陳僞號之不可僭。臣節之不可易。尊卑之等不可紊。以明大義而存國體。仍將虜書及我國所答。移咨督府。轉奏皇朝。一面下諭八方。訓飭兵馬。以待其變。使天下之人。曉然知朝廷處置之明白。然後可以折虜謀而壯士氣。書之史冊。無愧辭矣。且聞龍胡之行。唯以春信弔祭爲名。而汗書亦無別語。其所謂悖書者。乃八高山及蒙古王子書也。<br />
<br />
答其循例之書。而拒其悖理之言。君臣之義。隣國之道。得以兩全。於計爲宜。況今山陵未畢。守備未完。權宜緩禍之策。亦何可全然不思。金差不妨招見。所不可見者西㺚耳。西㺚不必薄待。所當嚴斥者悖書耳。<br />
<br />
臣竊觀今日虜情。特有早晩。等是被兵。但不可矇矓處置。以致見賣。過於落莫。以促其兵耳。城門閉言路開。雖有悔端。亦不濟事。今日之勢可謂急矣。而幸未至於目前被兵。伏願殿下。益加憤發。先立大志。如頃日諫臣筵臣之言。多所採納。收敍言事之臣。勇革病民之政。振拔人才。激勵將士。以慰臣民之望。則人心旣悅。國勢自固。雖有外患。亦不至大段顚沛矣。臣之賤疾。一向沈綿。精神昏憒。全不省外事。而竊不任區區憂國之誠。冒陳所懷。唯明主裁之。取進止。<br />
||<br />
Your minister humbly prostrates in my private quarter because of my illness. Your minister did not participate in court discussion but heard the reports from all the provinces and circuits. Now the words of this envoy from the Later Jin were offensively arrogant and viciously treacherous. I could not bear to hear these words. Among all those who have courage and uprightness, who will not resent to the extent of desiring death? Your minister humbly heard that as to the questions and answers of the bureaucrats and the plans and preparations of the Border Defense Command, their speeches are upright and reasonings are sound. They are good enough to be considered. Yet in your minister’s mind, there is something that your minister could not but be overly concerned. At the time when we were first negotiating peace, the court, using the great righteousness between ruler and minister, repeatedly listed our statements. They albeit dogs and sheep do have consciousness, therefore dare not to force us to violate righteousness. We agreed to be neighboring states, reported to Heaven, and swore an oath. In between these ten or so years, there were no other claims. Now they suddenly uttered this speech, why? Moreover, the caitiffs overran the great desert and were constrained by none. Presumptuously they proclaimed emperorship. Who can turn the tide to stop them? And as to those who desire to use a pretense against our state, their minds are probably hard to understand.<br />
<br />
If we only reply with words of mouth, then the course of events is not clear and cannot serve as evidence. If it let the arrogant caitiffs reverse our words and slander us in front of All under Heaven, then what can we use to explain ourselves? In your minister’s humble opinion, in addition to regular response, we should separately write a letter, completely stating that the false title cannot be used to usurp, that the loyalty of ministers cannot be changed, and that the ranks of the venerable and base cannot be confused, so as to clarify the great righteousness and to preserve the essence of our state. As ever send the letter of the caitiffs and the reply of our state to the military command for consultation and then report to the August dynasty. At the same time, send instructions to the eight directions, discipline the soldiers and horses, so as to wait for the revolt and let people of all under Heaven clearly know how unambiguously the court handle this matter. Then by doing so, it can destroy the scheme of the caitiffs and strengthen the morale of our soldiers. Write them in historical records, and there will be no words of regret. Furthermore, your minister heard that Yonggoltae’s (Yonggoldae) trip only used the spring mission and the condolence<ref>This refers to the death of Queen Inyŏl (Inyeol), the consort of Injo.</ref> as pretexts, and the letter of the khan also does not have other words. What are called rebellious letters are those of the Eight Banners and of the Mongol princes.<br />
<br />
Reply their regular letters but reject their words of violating principles, so that both the righteousness of ruler and minister and the way of neighboring states can be completed. With regard to plans, it is appropriate. Not to mention now our mountain fortresses are not finished and our defense is not complete. As to expedient strategy of delaying calamity, how can it be entirely neglected? There is no harm in receiving the Later Jin envoy, but whom cannot be received are the Western Tartars.<ref>They refer to the Western Mongols.</ref> As to the Western Tartars, we should not treat them ungenerously, but what should be severely reproached are the rebellious letters.<ref>A version of this suggestion is recorded in the Veritable Records of Injo: http://sillok.history.go.kr/id/wpa_11402026_002</ref><br />
<br />
Your minister humbly observed the situations of the caitiffs. Sooner or later, all are the eventual invasion. But it cannot be fuzzily handled so that we are being deceived to point of overly desolate and accelerate their invasion. Shut the door of our cities and open channels of remonstration. Although there will be signs of remorse, they are not beneficial. The situation of today can be said to be urgent, but fortunately, it has yet to reach the point of suffering invasion now. Your minister prostrates and hopes Your Highness make all the more effort and first establish a lofty aspiration. Such as the words of the remonstrating ministers and lecturing ministers, Your Highness should accept more. Gather and rank the ministers who discuss affairs. Bravely reform the policies that harm the people. Promote talents and encourage officers and soldiers, so as to fulfill the wishes of your subjects. Thereby the human mind will be delighted, and the condition of the state will be consolidated. Although there is an external threat, it will not reach a state of grave frustrations. As to your minister’s lowly illness, it always lingers. Your minister’s spirit is muddled and totally not aware of external affairs. And yet your minister cannot bear the trivial sincerity of concerning the state, and risk displaying what I have in my heart, only to let the brilliant lord to judge, taking what to advance and what to cease.<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=='''Discussion Questions'''==<br />
#Who was Ch’oe Myŏngkil (Choe Myeonggil)? How did his background influence his writing? What can we learn about his political standpoint from this memorial? <br />
#How was Ch'oe Myŏngkil situated within the political context of the Chosŏn (Joseon) court at this time? Who took the opposing view? How would his oppositions in the court respond? What would be their strategies to defend the country? Do they use the same strategies for convincing the king?<br />
#Who compiled Ch'oe Myŏngkil’s memorial, when and for what purposes?<br />
#Regarding the argument over the ethnicity and the political legitimacy shown in this memorial, how did Chosŏn (Joseon) people during the 16th-17th centuries understand the Chosŏn-Qing relations?<br />
#Did the Chosŏn court think of itself as the most "civilized" among the peoples around China? Why were certain groups of people (such as the Khitans and Mongols etc.) viewed and written about in a pejorative manner?<br />
#What was the historical context in which this memorial was written? What did the memorial tell us about Chosŏn-Qing relations in the 1630s? Why was the Chosŏn-Qing relation like this? And how about their relations in the remaining 17th century?<br />
#Previous scholars have attributed Chosŏn’s cultural prejudice against the Jurchen-cum-Manchurians as a main cause of an antagonistic relation between Chosŏn and Qing. Aside from cultural causes, what about the causes in the political-economy?<br />
#Was the idea of "closing the gates and opening the channels of expression" a typically Korean concept during the Yi dynasty? If not, was it also existing in Chinese dynasties and Koryô?<br />
#Were memorials an effective method to influence political decisions? And why? Please elaborate your answer.<br />
#The contents of this memorial are also included in the ''Chosŏn wangjo sillok'' (Joseon wangjo sillok 朝鮮王朝實錄), however the king Injo did not respond to this memorial. Why? And why is this memorial written in official writings?<br />
<br />
=='''Further Readings'''==<br />
<!--<br />
<div style="color:#008080;"><br />
* View together with '''~~'''.<br />
</div><br />
--><br />
*<br />
*<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''References'''==<br />
<references/><br />
丙子封事[第二] http://db.itkc.or.kr/dir/item?itemId=MO#/dir/node?dataId=ITKC_MO_0328A_0110_010_0130<br />
<br />
丙子封事[第三] http://db.itkc.or.kr/dir/item?itemId=MO#/dir/node?dataId=ITKC_MO_0328A_0110_010_0140<br />
<br />
=='''Translation'''==<br />
<br />
==='''(sample) : Jaeyoon Song'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 1 : Yishu Ma'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
What can we learn about the writer's political standpoint from this memorial? <br />
<br />
Regarding the argument over the ethnicity and the political legitimacy shown in this memorial, how did Joseon people during the 16th-17th centuries understand the Joseon-Qing relation?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 2 : Samuel Sai Hay Chan 陳世熙 진세희"''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions: What is the historical context in which this memorial was written? What did the memorial tell us about Choson-Qing relation in the 1630s? Why was the Choson-Qing relation like this? Previous scholars have attributed Choson's cultural prejudice against the Jurchen-cum-Manchurians as a main cause of an antagonistic relation between Choson and Qing. What about the causes in the political-economy?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 3 : Younès M'Ghari'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
- Is the concept of "closing the gates and opening the channels of expression" something typically Korean during the Yi dynasty? If not, was is also existing in China and Koryô?<br />
<br />
- Did the Chosôn court really think that it was the most "civilized" among the "barbarians" around China?<br />
<br />
- Who compiled Choe Myônggil's memorial, when and for what purpose?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 4 : King Kwong Wong'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
Who was Ch'oe Myŏngkil (Choe Myeonggil)? How did his background influence his writing?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 5 : 신동조'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
What would the hawks say about 최명길's memorials? What would be their strategies to defend their country?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 6 : Stacey Lui'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
Describe the state of Sino-Korean relations during the time of this memorial and in the years following.<br />
<br />
<br />
Why were certain groups of people (such as the Khitan and Mongols etc.) viewed and written about in a pejorative manner?<br />
<br />
<br />
Were memorials an effective method through which to influence political decisions? Give examples to justify your answer.<br />
<br />
==='''Student 7 : Russell Guilbault'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
# How is Choe Myeong-gil situated within the political context of the Joseon court at this time? Who, if anyone, takes the opposing view? Do they use the same strategies for convincing the king? That is, how similar do the opposing memorials look to Choe's?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 8 : Q'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
Who was Ch'oe Myŏngkil (Choe Myeonggil)? Considering the situation of the Chosŏn (Joseon) in the 17th century, what were the factors that influenced his writing?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 10 : Yeonjae Ra'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions: The contents of this memorial are also included in the Choson Wangjo sillok(朝鮮王朝實錄), however his appeal was not responded to by the king(仁祖). Why not? But why was this memorial written in official writings? <br />
<br />
choson wangjo sillok [http://sillok.history.go.kr/id/wpa_11409005_001]<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop]]<br />
[[Category:Advanced Translation Group]]</div>Qhttp://dh.aks.ac.kr/jsg/index.php?title=(Translation)_%E5%B4%94%E9%B3%B4%E5%90%89_%E4%B8%99%E5%AD%90%E5%B0%81%E4%BA%8B%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80&diff=19125(Translation) 崔鳴吉 丙子封事第一2019-07-16T15:45:01Z<p>Q: /* Introduction */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Primary Source Document3<br />
|Image = 최명길 병자봉사제일1.jpg<br />
|English = <br />
|Chinese = 丙子封事第一<br />
|Korean = 병자봉사제일(''Byeongjabongsajeil'')<br />
|Genre = [[Literati Writings]]<br />
|Type = 箚<br />
|Author = 崔鳴吉<br />
|Year = <br />
|Source = [http://db.itkc.or.kr/inLink?DCI=ITKC_MO_0328A_0110_010_0120_2003_A089_XML Korean Classics and Literati's Collection of Writings (한국고전종합DB)]<br />
|Key Concepts= <br />
|Translator = King Kwong Wong [[2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop (Advanced)#Participants | Participants of 2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop (Advanced Translation Group)]]<br />
|Editor = <br />
|Translation Year = 2019<br />
}}<br />
[[File:Backward.png|right|40px|link=2019_JSG_Summer_Hanmun_Workshop_(Advanced)#.282019.29Primary_Sources_for_Korean_Studies]]<br />
<gallery mode=packed heights=150px caption=><br />
File:최명길 병자봉사제일1.jpg|崔鳴吉 丙子封事第一(2)<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
<br />
=='''Introduction'''==<br />
Ch’oe Myŏngkil (Choe Myeonggil; 1586 - 1647) was a Confucian scholar and statesman. He had a rather successful career in government as he eventually reached the position of Chief State Councilor, the highest place in the officialdom of Chosŏn. His is one of the better known names in the entire Chosŏn history. However, instead of his other successes and failures, the mark he left has to do with his political position and the fate of his country at around the time of this writing. <br />
<br />
During the relatively short span of time between 1592 and 1636, when this memorial was composed, Chosŏn already suffered three invasions, of which the first two were by Japan and the last by Later Jin. The events and the changes in the political climate of this region of Asia was to lead to a fourth invasion--this time by Qing. Chosŏn's subsequent surrender, whose terms included kowtows by King Injo in submission to Hong Taiji of the Qing dynasty who had come to Chosŏn in person, are considered, by many, the most humiliating moment in the history of the dynasty. <br />
<br />
Ch’oe Myŏngkil's memorial can be better understood, having these concurrent historical events in mind. However, the role he played in the unfolding of these events and the characterization imposed on him subsequently date back to the time of the third invasion, one by Late Jin. Ch’oe Myŏngkil is remembered as the leading proponent of "chuhwaron" as opposed to "ch'ŏk'waron" of Kim Sanghŏn, his opponent whose name rarely fails to accompany Ch’oe's in the discussions regarding this invasion. "Chuhwaron" can be, more literally, translated as "the argument for seeking peace [negotiation]," and /ch'ŏk'waron/ "the argument for rejecting peace [negotiation]." Ch’oe supported the position favoring diplomatic solution during the Later Jin Invasion in 1627 and would again during this invasion. The two positions have often been understood in terms of "pragmatic compromise" and "adherence to principle" in relation to the tributary relationship between Chosŏn and Ming, and Chosŏn's perception of the Manchus as barbarians and Ming as the Confucian state. Along these lines of thinking, Ch’oe is sometimes characterized as someone who sacrificed his reputation and principle in order to save his country and at others, as someone who corrupted the Confucian principle and caused a disgrace to his king and his country. More recent scholarship deems this kind of view simplistic and demands a more thorough inquiry into the complexity of the situation.<br />
<br />
=='''Original Script'''==<br />
<br />
<br />
{|class="wikitable" style="width:90%; font-size:110%; color:#002080; background-color:#ffffff;"<br />
!style="width:40%;"|Classical Chinese || style="width:60%;"| English <br />
|-<br />
|<br />
伏以臣病伏私室。不與朝廷之議。聞諸道路之傳。今此金差之言。悖慢凶狡。有不忍聞。凡有血氣。孰不憤惋欲死。竊聞句管問答。廟堂籌畫。辭直理當。有足可觀。然於臣心。有不得不爲過慮者焉。當初約和時。朝廷以君臣大義。反覆開陳。彼雖犬羊。亦有知覺。故不敢強我以非義。約爲隣國。告天立誓。十餘年間。未有他說。今忽發爲此言者何也。且虜旣跨據大漠。無所受制。肆然稱帝。誰復禁止。而必欲藉口於我國者。其心或難知。<br />
<br />
我若只以口語答之。則事跡晻昧。無可據證。如使驕虜反其辭說。而誣我於天下。其將何以自解乎。臣之愚意。例答之外。別爲一書。備陳僞號之不可僭。臣節之不可易。尊卑之等不可紊。以明大義而存國體。仍將虜書及我國所答。移咨督府。轉奏皇朝。一面下諭八方。訓飭兵馬。以待其變。使天下之人。曉然知朝廷處置之明白。然後可以折虜謀而壯士氣。書之史冊。無愧辭矣。且聞龍胡之行。唯以春信弔祭爲名。而汗書亦無別語。其所謂悖書者。乃八高山及蒙古王子書也。<br />
<br />
答其循例之書。而拒其悖理之言。君臣之義。隣國之道。得以兩全。於計爲宜。況今山陵未畢。守備未完。權宜緩禍之策。亦何可全然不思。金差不妨招見。所不可見者西㺚耳。西㺚不必薄待。所當嚴斥者悖書耳。<br />
<br />
臣竊觀今日虜情。特有早晩。等是被兵。但不可矇矓處置。以致見賣。過於落莫。以促其兵耳。城門閉言路開。雖有悔端。亦不濟事。今日之勢可謂急矣。而幸未至於目前被兵。伏願殿下。益加憤發。先立大志。如頃日諫臣筵臣之言。多所採納。收敍言事之臣。勇革病民之政。振拔人才。激勵將士。以慰臣民之望。則人心旣悅。國勢自固。雖有外患。亦不至大段顚沛矣。臣之賤疾。一向沈綿。精神昏憒。全不省外事。而竊不任區區憂國之誠。冒陳所懷。唯明主裁之。取進止。<br />
||<br />
Your minister humbly prostrates in my private quarter because of my illness. Your minister did not participate in court discussion but heard the reports from all the provinces and circuits. Now the words of this envoy from the Later Jin were offensively arrogant and viciously treacherous. I could not bear to hear these words. Among all those who have courage and uprightness, who will not resent to the extent of desiring death? Your minister humbly heard that as to the questions and answers of the bureaucrats and the plans and preparations of the Border Defense Command, their speeches are upright and reasonings are sound. They are good enough to be considered. Yet in your minister’s mind, there is something that your minister could not but be overly concerned. At the time when we were first negotiating peace, the court, using the great righteousness between ruler and minister, repeatedly listed our statements. They albeit dogs and sheep do have consciousness, therefore dare not to force us to violate righteousness. We agreed to be neighboring states, reported to Heaven, and swore an oath. In between these ten or so years, there were no other claims. Now they suddenly uttered this speech, why? Moreover, the caitiffs overran the great desert and were constrained by none. Presumptuously they proclaimed emperorship. Who can turn the tide to stop them? And as to those who desire to use a pretense against our state, their minds are probably hard to understand.<br />
<br />
If we only reply with words of mouth, then the course of events is not clear and cannot serve as evidence. If it let the arrogant caitiffs reverse our words and slander us in front of All under Heaven, then what can we use to explain ourselves? In your minister’s humble opinion, in addition to regular response, we should separately write a letter, completely stating that the false title cannot be used to usurp, that the loyalty of ministers cannot be changed, and that the ranks of the venerable and base cannot be confused, so as to clarify the great righteousness and to preserve the essence of our state. As ever send the letter of the caitiffs and the reply of our state to the military command for consultation and then report to the August dynasty. At the same time, send instructions to the eight directions, discipline the soldiers and horses, so as to wait for the revolt and let people of all under Heaven clearly know how unambiguously the court handle this matter. Then by doing so, it can destroy the scheme of the caitiffs and strengthen the morale of our soldiers. Write them in historical records, and there will be no words of regret. Furthermore, your minister heard that Yonggoltae’s (Yonggoldae) trip only used the spring mission and the condolence<ref>This refers to the death of Queen Inyŏl (Inyeol), the consort of Injo.</ref> as pretexts, and the letter of the khan also does not have other words. What are called rebellious letters are those of the Eight Banners and of the Mongol princes.<br />
<br />
Reply their regular letters but reject their words of violating principles, so that both the righteousness of ruler and minister and the way of neighboring states can be completed. With regard to plans, it is appropriate. Not to mention now our mountain fortresses are not finished and our defense is not complete. As to expedient strategy of delaying calamity, how can it be entirely neglected? There is no harm in receiving the Later Jin envoy, but whom cannot be received are the Western Tartars.<ref>They refer to the Western Mongols.</ref> As to the Western Tartars, we should not treat them ungenerously, but what should be severely reproached are the rebellious letters.<ref>A version of this suggestion is recorded in the Veritable Records of Injo: http://sillok.history.go.kr/id/wpa_11402026_002</ref><br />
<br />
Your minister humbly observed the situations of the caitiffs. Sooner or later, all are the eventual invasion. But it cannot be fuzzily handled so that we are being deceived to point of overly desolate and accelerate their invasion. Shut the door of our cities and open channels of remonstration. Although there will be signs of remorse, they are not beneficial. The situation of today can be said to be urgent, but fortunately, it has yet to reach the point of suffering invasion now. Your minister prostrates and hopes Your Highness make all the more effort and first establish a lofty aspiration. Such as the words of the remonstrating ministers and lecturing ministers, Your Highness should accept more. Gather and rank the ministers who discuss affairs. Bravely reform the policies that harm the people. Promote talents and encourage officers and soldiers, so as to fulfill the wishes of your subjects. Thereby the human mind will be delighted, and the condition of the state will be consolidated. Although there is an external threat, it will not reach a state of grave frustrations. As to your minister’s lowly illness, it always lingers. Your minister’s spirit is muddled and totally not aware of external affairs. And yet your minister cannot bear the trivial sincerity of concerning the state, and risk displaying what I have in my heart, only to let the brilliant lord to judge, taking what to advance and what to cease.<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=='''Discussion Questions'''==<br />
#Who was Ch’oe Myŏngkil (Choe Myeonggil)? How did his background influence his writing? What can we learn about his political standpoint from this memorial? <br />
#How was Ch'oe Myŏngkil situated within the political context of the Chosŏn (Joseon) court at this time? Who took the opposing view? How would his oppositions in the court respond? What would be their strategies to defend the country? Do they use the same strategies for convincing the king?<br />
#Who compiled Ch'oe Myŏngkil’s memorial, when and for what purposes?<br />
#Regarding the argument over the ethnicity and the political legitimacy shown in this memorial, how did Chosŏn (Joseon) people during the 16th-17th centuries understand the Chosŏn-Qing relations?<br />
#Did the Chosŏn court think of itself as the most "civilized" among the peoples around China? Why were certain groups of people (such as the Khitans and Mongols etc.) viewed and written about in a pejorative manner?<br />
#What was the historical context in which this memorial was written? What did the memorial tell us about Chosŏn-Qing relations in the 1630s? Why was the Chosŏn-Qing relation like this? And how about their relations in the remaining 17th century?<br />
#Previous scholars have attributed Chosŏn’s cultural prejudice against the Jurchen-cum-Manchurians as a main cause of an antagonistic relation between Chosŏn and Qing. Aside from cultural causes, what about the causes in the political-economy?<br />
#Was the idea of "closing the gates and opening the channels of expression" a typically Korean concept during the Yi dynasty? If not, was it also existing in Chinese dynasties and Koryô?<br />
#Were memorials an effective method to influence political decisions? And why? Please elaborate your answer.<br />
#The contents of this memorial are also included in the ''Chosŏn wangjo sillok'' (Joseon wangjo sillok 朝鮮王朝實錄), however the king Injo did not respond to this memorial. Why? And why is this memorial written in official writings?<br />
<br />
=='''Further Readings'''==<br />
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=='''References'''==<br />
<references/><br />
丙子封事[第二] http://db.itkc.or.kr/dir/item?itemId=MO#/dir/node?dataId=ITKC_MO_0328A_0110_010_0130<br />
<br />
丙子封事[第三] http://db.itkc.or.kr/dir/item?itemId=MO#/dir/node?dataId=ITKC_MO_0328A_0110_010_0140<br />
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=='''Translation'''==<br />
<br />
==='''(sample) : Jaeyoon Song'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 1 : Yishu Ma'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
What can we learn about the writer's political standpoint from this memorial? <br />
<br />
Regarding the argument over the ethnicity and the political legitimacy shown in this memorial, how did Joseon people during the 16th-17th centuries understand the Joseon-Qing relation?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 2 : Samuel Sai Hay Chan 陳世熙 진세희"''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions: What is the historical context in which this memorial was written? What did the memorial tell us about Choson-Qing relation in the 1630s? Why was the Choson-Qing relation like this? Previous scholars have attributed Choson's cultural prejudice against the Jurchen-cum-Manchurians as a main cause of an antagonistic relation between Choson and Qing. What about the causes in the political-economy?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 3 : Younès M'Ghari'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
- Is the concept of "closing the gates and opening the channels of expression" something typically Korean during the Yi dynasty? If not, was is also existing in China and Koryô?<br />
<br />
- Did the Chosôn court really think that it was the most "civilized" among the "barbarians" around China?<br />
<br />
- Who compiled Choe Myônggil's memorial, when and for what purpose?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 4 : King Kwong Wong'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
Who was Ch'oe Myŏngkil (Choe Myeonggil)? How did his background influence his writing?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 5 : 신동조'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
What would the hawks say about 최명길's memorials? What would be their strategies to defend their country?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 6 : Stacey Lui'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
Describe the state of Sino-Korean relations during the time of this memorial and in the years following.<br />
<br />
<br />
Why were certain groups of people (such as the Khitan and Mongols etc.) viewed and written about in a pejorative manner?<br />
<br />
<br />
Were memorials an effective method through which to influence political decisions? Give examples to justify your answer.<br />
<br />
==='''Student 7 : Russell Guilbault'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
# How is Choe Myeong-gil situated within the political context of the Joseon court at this time? Who, if anyone, takes the opposing view? Do they use the same strategies for convincing the king? That is, how similar do the opposing memorials look to Choe's?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 8 : Q'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
Who was Ch'oe Myŏngkil (Choe Myeonggil)? Considering the situation of the Chosŏn (Joseon) in the 17th century, what were the factors that influenced his writing?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 10 : Yeonjae Ra'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions: The contents of this memorial are also included in the Choson Wangjo sillok(朝鮮王朝實錄), however his appeal was not responded to by the king(仁祖). Why not? But why was this memorial written in official writings? <br />
<br />
choson wangjo sillok [http://sillok.history.go.kr/id/wpa_11409005_001]<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop]]<br />
[[Category:Advanced Translation Group]]</div>Qhttp://dh.aks.ac.kr/jsg/index.php?title=(Translation)_%E8%90%AC%E6%9B%8622%E5%B9%B4_%E9%8E%AD%E5%B7%9D_%E7%AB%8B%E6%A1%88&diff=19096(Translation) 萬曆22年 鎭川 立案2019-07-16T02:54:47Z<p>Q: /* Student 8 : Q */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Primary Source Document3<br />
|Image = 만력22년갑오노기련역중명문001.jpg<br />
|English = <br />
|Chinese = 萬曆22年 鎭川 立案<br />
|Korean = 만력22년 진천 입안(''Iban'')<br />
|Genre = [[Old Documents]]<br />
|Type = <br />
|Author = <br />
|Year = <br />
|Source = <br />
|Key Concepts= <br />
|Translator = [[2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop (Advanced)#Participants | Participants of 2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop (Advanced Translation Group)]]<br />
|Editor = <br />
|Translation Year = 2019<br />
}}<br />
[[File:Backward.png|right|40px|link=2019_JSG_Summer_Hanmun_Workshop_(Advanced)#.282019.29Primary_Sources_for_Korean_Studies]]<br />
<gallery mode=packed heights=150px caption=><br />
File:만력22년갑오노기련역중명문002.jpg|萬曆22年 鎭川 立案(2)<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
<br />
=='''Introduction'''==<br />
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<br />
=='''Original Script'''==<br />
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{|class="wikitable" style="width:90%; font-size:110%; color:#002080; background-color:#ffffff;"<br />
!style="width:40%;"|Classical Chinese || style="width:60%;"| English <br />
|-<br />
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(text) 1縣接奴己年(左寸)<br />
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2右謹陳所志矣段粘連文記相考斜給立案成給爲白只爲<br />
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3行下向敎是事<br />
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4官主處分<br />
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5萬曆二十二年四月□日所志<br />
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6[題辭]刑 初八日<br />
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1萬曆二十二年甲午二月卄三日奴起連亦中明文<br />
<br />
2右明文爲臥乎事段女矣身亦壬辰焚蕩之後盡敗家莊頓無依託<br />
<br />
3焉乞資生飢死絃如祖上傳來衿得使喚爲如乎婢古音之三所生奴雪伊<br />
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4年甲子生身乙 楮貨肆千張價乙依數交易捧上爲遣永永放賣爲去乎後<br />
<br />
5次良中矣同生子孫中相爭隅有去乙等此文記內意用良告官辨正爲乎矣<br />
<br />
6經亂之後女矣身亦盡敗家莊分不喩圖書至亦閪失爲遣趁時造備不得<br />
<br />
7此文記良中手掌爲有昆玆以後考爲乎事亦在<br />
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8 財主故忠義衛閔雲吉妻權氏(手掌)<br />
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9 證人同姓三寸姪忠義衛□權拭(着名 署押)<br />
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10 筆執同生娚忠義衛□權恊(着名 署押)<br />
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1□□□□□□消息公緘<br />
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2節公緘內某邊婢某乙某人處某事以放賣時某某人訂筆爲有臥乎喩記<br />
<br />
3下向事公緘是白有亦女矣身亦焚蕩以後連命爲難祖上傳來衿得婢<br />
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4古音之三所生奴雪伊年甲子生身乙價折楮貨四千張價以交易爲遣奴起年<br />
<br />
5處後所生幷以永永放賣文記良中着手掌成置的只是齊訂人段<br />
<br />
6同姓三寸姪權拭筆執段同生娚權恊等以成置爲乎事<br />
<br />
7財主故忠義衛閔雲吉妻權氏 白(手掌)<br />
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1甲午四月日初八日權拭年□□權恊年<br />
<br />
2白等縣接奴起連狀以權氏處奴雪伊買得文記成置時<br />
<br />
3訂筆與否推考敎是臥乎在亦權拭以訂人權恊以筆執<br />
<br />
4爲等如右之良處納成置時各各隨參着名的只是乎事<br />
<br />
5官(押)<br />
<br />
6白 權<br />
<br />
7白 權<br />
<br />
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1萬曆二十二年四月日鎭川官立案<br />
<br />
2右立案爲斜給事課狀粘連文記及財主證筆各人等推考(招辭)<br />
<br />
3是置有亦本文記成(取)納相考爲乎喩萬曆七年己未二月長<br />
<br />
4娚權愊二妹許禋三妹筆執李命世四娚權恊五妹六娚權愉等<br />
<br />
5着名同腹和會成置文記季後內長娚權忠佐衛衿奴願山良<br />
<br />
6妻幷産二所生奴古音之是如他衿他田民幷付和會是齊向前<br />
<br />
7奴雪伊段婢高音之得後所生以本賤籍所付草用不得依他斜<br />
<br />
8給爲遣合行立案者.<br />
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竹山縣監<br />
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入蛹任能<br />
||<br />
(translation)<br />
|-<br />
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(text)<br />
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(translation)<br />
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(text)<br />
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(translation)<br />
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|}<br />
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=='''Discussion Questions'''==<br />
#<br />
#<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''Further Readings'''==<br />
<!--<br />
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* View together with '''~~'''.<br />
</div><br />
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*<br />
*<br />
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=='''References'''==<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
=='''Translation'''==<br />
<br />
==='''(sample) : Jaeyoon Song'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 1 : Yishu Ma '''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
1萬曆二十二年甲午二月卄三日奴起連亦中明文<br />
<br />
2右明文爲臥乎事段女矣身亦壬辰焚蕩之後盡敗家莊頓無依託<br />
<br />
3焉乞資生飢死絃如祖上傳來衿得使喚爲如乎婢古音之三所生奴雪伊<br />
<br />
4年甲子生身乙 楮貨肆千張價乙依數交易捧上爲遣永永放賣爲去乎後<br />
<br />
5次良中矣同生子孫中相爭隅有去乙等此文記內意用良告官辨正爲乎矣<br />
<br />
6經亂之後女矣身亦盡敗家莊分不喩圖書至亦閪失爲遣趁時造備不得<br />
<br />
7此文記良中手掌爲有昆玆以後考爲乎事亦在<br />
<br />
Translation: <br />
The 22nd year of the reign of Emperor Wanli, the Kabo year, Fed. 23rd.<br />
<br />
This is a certificate to the slave, Kilyŏn.<br />
<br />
What this document pertains to is: because after the war in the Imjin year (the Japanese invasion), I have lost all my households and have nowhere to rely on, (I sell) the slave named Soli who is the third child of a slave, Kounji, who was passed down from her ancestors for our family to obtain.<br />
<br />
(The salve Soli) is sold for 4000 bills of currency. She will be obtained by Kilyŏn (as a slave or property)<br />
<br />
If there will be people from the same family disputing about this, this document can be used to inform the officials and correct the misleading. <br />
<br />
After the war, not only did I lose all my family properties, but I lost my seal. And I can’t reproduce another one in such a short time. <br />
<br />
So, I use my handprint as a seal. <br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 2 : Samuel Sai Hay Chan 陳世熙 진세희'''===<br />
<br />
A certificate to Slave Ki Yŏn on the 23th day of the 2nd month of the 22nd year of Wanli (The year of Kabo)<br />
<br />
This certificate is issued in regard to the followings: I, the woman, after the calamity in the year of Imjin, have lost all my family lands and suddenly had nothing upon which to depend. Because of survival needs and death threatening starvation, I am selling permanently Slave Sŏl I, the third child of Slave Ko Ŭm whom I inherited from my ancestors and who was born in the year of Kapcha, at the price of 4000 worth of paper money and have already paid up the said amount and completed the transaction. In the event of any future dispute among the offspring of my family, this certificate will be presented to the officials for adjudication. <br />
<br />
After the calamity [in the year of Imjin], I, the woman, have not only lost all my family lands but also my seal. I am not able to procure [a new seal] in time [for this certificate]. Therefore, I am using my hand print as a replacement. <br />
<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 3 : Younès M'Ghari'''===<br />
----<br />
Certifying document to slave Kiryôn (RR: Giryeon), the 23rd day of the 2nd month of the 22nd year of Wanli:<br />
<br />
The certifying document on the right side pertains to [the fact that] I myself have lost [my] family’s property and there is nothing I can rely upon after the Imjin [war]’s calamities... Because I am begging for necessaries of life and starving to death, I received in a transaction [the amount of the price of] 4000 sheets of paper currency in exchange of slave Sôri - third born child (in the year of jiazi (MR: kapcha, RR: gapja)) of female slave Koûnji which I had inherited as my share from my ancestors - as personal slave at [the buyer's] disposal forever an ever.<br />
<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 4 : King Kwong Wong'''===<br />
----<br />
1縣接奴己年(左寸)<br />
<br />
2右謹陳所志矣段粘連文記相考斜給立案成給爲白只爲<br />
<br />
3行下向敎是事<br />
<br />
4官主處分<br />
<br />
The male slave of this county 己年.<br />
<br />
The attached for your reference is what I humbly requested. Please kindly copy it and create a file. To your subordinates, please instruct them about this matter.<br />
<br />
Processed by the magistrate.<br />
<br />
1萬曆二十二年甲午二月卄三日奴起連亦中明文<br />
<br />
2右明文爲臥乎事段女矣身亦壬辰焚蕩之後盡敗家莊頓無依託<br />
<br />
3焉乞資生飢死絃如祖上傳來衿得使喚爲如乎婢古音之三所生奴雪伊<br />
<br />
4年甲子生身乙 楮貨肆千張價乙依數交易捧上爲遣永永放賣爲去乎後<br />
<br />
5次良中矣同生子孫中相爭隅有去乙等此文記內意用良告官辨正爲乎矣<br />
<br />
6經亂之後女矣身亦盡敗家莊分不喩圖書至亦閪失爲遣趁時造備不得<br />
<br />
7此文記良中手掌爲有昆玆以後考爲乎事亦在<br />
<br />
The certificate to the male slave 起連 on the twenty-third day of the second month in the twenty-seocnd year,the Kabo (Gabo) year, of the Wanli reign.<br />
<br />
This certificate pertains to the following reason. I, after the fire and destruction in the year of Imjin, lost all my estates and suddenly had nothing to rely on. Because of the begging for living and hunger to death, I traded inherited from ancestors' share the private female slave 古音之's third-born male slave 雪伊's birth of one slave in the Kapja year for an amount equal to four thousands sheets of paper currency from him so that he can keep him at his disposal forever and ever. If the descendants from the same lineage of mine have any dispute, this written document should be presented to the officials to discern the validity of this transaction. After this turbulence, I lost not only all my estates but even my seal. At this time I did not have the means to prepare and create one. In this document, I printed my palm instead. <br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 5 : 신동조'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
1縣接奴己年(左寸)<br />
<br />
己年 who resides in the county of 鎭川 (Using the print of his left finger as a signature)<br />
<br />
2右謹陳所志矣段粘連文記相考斜給立案成給爲白只爲<br />
<br />
These humble documents, which are attached together using sticky rice, should be copied and issued after being investigated each other.<br />
<br />
3行下向敎是事 <br />
<br />
Please be sure that this is processed properly<br />
<br />
4官主處分<br />
<br />
Please take an administrative action on this [speaking to the magistrate]<br />
<br />
5萬曆二十二年四月□日所志<br />
<br />
6[題辭]刑 初八日<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
1) This document is the certificate issued for 起連 on February 23, 1594. <br />
<br />
2) The reason why I create this certificate is related to my current situation: In the aftermath of the Hideyoshi's War, I have completely lost all my land and family properties so I have no place to reply upon. <br />
<br />
3) On the verge of continuous starvation, my female slave (born in the year of 甲子, 1564), 雪伊, the third born of a female slave, 高音之, who was inherited to me from my ancestors and kept as a servant, <br />
<br />
4) was traded with the goods equivalent to 楮貨 (bank draft?) four thousand. <br />
<br />
5) If my siblings and descendants would involve in a legal dispute one another in the future, you should appeal a decision to the court, using this certificate.<br />
<br />
6) After the war, I have lost not only my properties but also my seal. I cannot even afford a new seal.<br />
<br />
7) Hence, for this certificate, I use my hand print...<br />
<br />
==='''Student 6 : Stacey Lui'''===<br />
----<br />
(text) 1縣接奴己年(左寸)<br />
<br />
2右謹陳所志矣段粘連文記相考斜給立案成給爲白只爲<br />
<br />
3行下向敎是事<br />
<br />
Nobi Kinyon of the local county (finger ID)<br />
<br />
Herein, I kindly implore of you the reproduction of this original document. Please issue it to me.<br />
I await your process of my request [lit. please do this for me].<br />
Processed in the name of the magistrate.<br />
<br />
<br />
1萬曆二十二年甲午二月卄三日奴起連亦中明文<br />
<br />
2右明文爲臥乎事段女矣身亦壬辰焚蕩之後盡敗家莊頓無依託<br />
<br />
3焉乞資生飢死絃如祖上傳來衿得使喚爲如乎婢古音之三所生奴雪伊<br />
<br />
4年甲子生身乙 楮貨肆千張價乙依數交易捧上爲遣永永放賣爲去乎後<br />
<br />
5次良中矣同生子孫中相爭隅有去乙等此文記內意用良告官辨正爲乎矣<br />
<br />
6經亂之後女矣身亦盡敗家莊分不喩圖書至亦閪失爲遣趁時造備不得<br />
<br />
7此文記良中手掌爲有昆玆以後考爲乎事亦在<br />
<br />
Document addressed to nobi Kiyon, on the 22nd year of the reign of Emperor Wanli (1563-1620), Kabo, 2nd month, 23rd day<br />
<br />
What this document pertains to: I, in the aftermath of the Imjin catastrophe, completely lost my family's land. There is nothing I have to rely upon. Because all [my family] had to beg to make a living and starved, my male nobi Soli - the 3rd child borne of nobi Koumji who was obtained and passed down from my ancestors - will be exchanged for [the equivalent of] 4000 sheets of paper currency. He will be received and kept for eternity. Afterwards, if there are disputes among family members [lit. children of the same mother], the contents of this certificate should be reported to to the bureau for correction [of these issues]. Following the hardship of war, it is not that I have only lost my entire family property, but I have also lost my seal. In such time of urgency, I could not procure another. For this document, I have used my hand print.<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 7 : Russell Guilbault'''===<br />
----<br />
<br><br />
1. Slave [Xianjie]..... [left thumbprint]<br><br />
2. The request humbly expressed herein has been put down in this document, and copied and presented as an official request.<br><br />
3. Please order it done.<br><br />
4. Processed by magistrate<br><br />
5. Request of Wanli year 22, fourth month, [] day<br><br />
6. .... beginning of eighth month<br><br />
<br />
<br><br><br><br />
<br />
<br />
1. Wanli 22, 31st year [sexagenary], second month, 23rd day <br><br />
Certificate for the slave Gi-yeon <br><br />
2. This document is issued after the great fire of the 29th year. We have completely lost our homes and land, [and thus have nothing] to rely on. <br><br />
3. We beg for aid in living, and are dying from hunger. We have inherited the slave [Xueyi], third son born of the slave girl Goeum <br><br />
4. 1st year..... goods for a price of four thousand..... transacted according to(?) the amount..... sold off forever <br><br />
5. My descendants of the same birth(?) [i.e., born of the same parents?] vie among one another, so I issue this document to record my inner feelings, and properly instruct the officials to sort it out correctly <br><br />
6. After passing through this disaster, having completely lost our homes and land, ..... and lost, cannot seize this moment to prepare <br><br />
7. Holding this document, can hereafter check/examine (?) <br><br />
8. [I designate] the master of my property as Chung Ui-wi...... Ms. Gwon <br><br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 8 : Q'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
1萬曆二十二年甲午二月卄三日奴起連亦中明文<br />
Certificate to Kilyŏn, a slave. The twenty third day of the second month of Kabo year, 1594. <br />
<br />
2右明文爲臥乎事段女矣身亦壬辰焚蕩之後盡敗家莊頓無依託<br />
This document pertains to the following: <br />
In the disastrous aftermath of the Japanese Invasion of Imjin year, I lost all family properties and had no one to turn to for help.<br />
<br />
3焉乞資生飢死絃如祖上傳來衿得使喚爲如乎婢古音之三所生奴雪伊<br />
Subsisting on alms and starving to death continued [in my family], and I have sold Sŏri, my personal slave born in Kapcha year as the third child of Koŭmji, a female slave who I had inherited as my share from my parents, for goods equal in value to four thousand "chŏhwa" <br />
<br />
4年甲子生身乙 楮貨肆千張價乙依數交易捧上爲遣永永放賣爲去乎後<br />
<br />
5次良中矣同生子孫中相爭隅有去乙等此文記內意用良告官辨正爲乎矣<br />
<br />
6經亂之後女矣身亦盡敗家莊分不喩圖書至亦閪失爲遣趁時造備不得<br />
<br />
7此文記良中手掌爲有昆玆以後考爲乎事亦在<br />
<br />
---<br />
<br />
1縣接奴己年(左寸)<br />
<br />
Kinyŏn, a slave in the county. Digit trace, left.<br />
<br />
2右謹陳所志矣段粘連文記相考斜給立案成給爲白只爲<br />
<br />
By this [writing], I humbly request that the [submitted] document and its attachments be examined [and verified] and that the appropriate actions be taken.<br />
<br />
3行下向敎是事<br />
<br />
4官主處分<br />
<br />
5萬曆二十二年四月□日所志<br />
<br />
6[題辭]刑 初八日<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 9 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 10 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 11 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 12 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 13 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 14 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop]]<br />
[[Category:Advanced Translation Group]]</div>Qhttp://dh.aks.ac.kr/jsg/index.php?title=(Translation)_%E8%90%AC%E6%9B%8622%E5%B9%B4_%E9%8E%AD%E5%B7%9D_%E7%AB%8B%E6%A1%88&diff=19092(Translation) 萬曆22年 鎭川 立案2019-07-16T02:50:48Z<p>Q: /* Student 8 : Q */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Primary Source Document3<br />
|Image = 만력22년갑오노기련역중명문001.jpg<br />
|English = <br />
|Chinese = 萬曆22年 鎭川 立案<br />
|Korean = 만력22년 진천 입안(''Iban'')<br />
|Genre = [[Old Documents]]<br />
|Type = <br />
|Author = <br />
|Year = <br />
|Source = <br />
|Key Concepts= <br />
|Translator = [[2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop (Advanced)#Participants | Participants of 2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop (Advanced Translation Group)]]<br />
|Editor = <br />
|Translation Year = 2019<br />
}}<br />
[[File:Backward.png|right|40px|link=2019_JSG_Summer_Hanmun_Workshop_(Advanced)#.282019.29Primary_Sources_for_Korean_Studies]]<br />
<gallery mode=packed heights=150px caption=><br />
File:만력22년갑오노기련역중명문002.jpg|萬曆22年 鎭川 立案(2)<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
<br />
=='''Introduction'''==<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''Original Script'''==<br />
<br />
<br />
{|class="wikitable" style="width:90%; font-size:110%; color:#002080; background-color:#ffffff;"<br />
!style="width:40%;"|Classical Chinese || style="width:60%;"| English <br />
|-<br />
|<br />
(text) 1縣接奴己年(左寸)<br />
<br />
2右謹陳所志矣段粘連文記相考斜給立案成給爲白只爲<br />
<br />
3行下向敎是事<br />
<br />
4官主處分<br />
<br />
5萬曆二十二年四月□日所志<br />
<br />
6[題辭]刑 初八日<br />
---------------------------------------------------------------<br />
<br />
1萬曆二十二年甲午二月卄三日奴起連亦中明文<br />
<br />
2右明文爲臥乎事段女矣身亦壬辰焚蕩之後盡敗家莊頓無依託<br />
<br />
3焉乞資生飢死絃如祖上傳來衿得使喚爲如乎婢古音之三所生奴雪伊<br />
<br />
4年甲子生身乙 楮貨肆千張價乙依數交易捧上爲遣永永放賣爲去乎後<br />
<br />
5次良中矣同生子孫中相爭隅有去乙等此文記內意用良告官辨正爲乎矣<br />
<br />
6經亂之後女矣身亦盡敗家莊分不喩圖書至亦閪失爲遣趁時造備不得<br />
<br />
7此文記良中手掌爲有昆玆以後考爲乎事亦在<br />
<br />
8 財主故忠義衛閔雲吉妻權氏(手掌)<br />
<br />
9 證人同姓三寸姪忠義衛□權拭(着名 署押)<br />
<br />
10 筆執同生娚忠義衛□權恊(着名 署押)<br />
<br />
---------------------------------------------------------------<br />
<br />
1□□□□□□消息公緘<br />
<br />
2節公緘內某邊婢某乙某人處某事以放賣時某某人訂筆爲有臥乎喩記<br />
<br />
3下向事公緘是白有亦女矣身亦焚蕩以後連命爲難祖上傳來衿得婢<br />
<br />
4古音之三所生奴雪伊年甲子生身乙價折楮貨四千張價以交易爲遣奴起年<br />
<br />
5處後所生幷以永永放賣文記良中着手掌成置的只是齊訂人段<br />
<br />
6同姓三寸姪權拭筆執段同生娚權恊等以成置爲乎事<br />
<br />
7財主故忠義衛閔雲吉妻權氏 白(手掌)<br />
<br />
---------------------------------------------------------------<br />
<br />
1甲午四月日初八日權拭年□□權恊年<br />
<br />
2白等縣接奴起連狀以權氏處奴雪伊買得文記成置時<br />
<br />
3訂筆與否推考敎是臥乎在亦權拭以訂人權恊以筆執<br />
<br />
4爲等如右之良處納成置時各各隨參着名的只是乎事<br />
<br />
5官(押)<br />
<br />
6白 權<br />
<br />
7白 權<br />
<br />
---------------------------------------------------------------<br />
<br />
1萬曆二十二年四月日鎭川官立案<br />
<br />
2右立案爲斜給事課狀粘連文記及財主證筆各人等推考(招辭)<br />
<br />
3是置有亦本文記成(取)納相考爲乎喩萬曆七年己未二月長<br />
<br />
4娚權愊二妹許禋三妹筆執李命世四娚權恊五妹六娚權愉等<br />
<br />
5着名同腹和會成置文記季後內長娚權忠佐衛衿奴願山良<br />
<br />
6妻幷産二所生奴古音之是如他衿他田民幷付和會是齊向前<br />
<br />
7奴雪伊段婢高音之得後所生以本賤籍所付草用不得依他斜<br />
<br />
8給爲遣合行立案者.<br />
<br />
竹山縣監<br />
<br />
入蛹任能<br />
||<br />
(translation)<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
(text)<br />
||<br />
(translation)<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
(text)<br />
||<br />
(translation)<br />
<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=='''Discussion Questions'''==<br />
#<br />
#<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''Further Readings'''==<br />
<!--<br />
<div style="color:#008080;"><br />
* View together with '''~~'''.<br />
</div><br />
--><br />
*<br />
*<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''References'''==<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
=='''Translation'''==<br />
<br />
==='''(sample) : Jaeyoon Song'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 1 : Yishu Ma '''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
1萬曆二十二年甲午二月卄三日奴起連亦中明文<br />
<br />
2右明文爲臥乎事段女矣身亦壬辰焚蕩之後盡敗家莊頓無依託<br />
<br />
3焉乞資生飢死絃如祖上傳來衿得使喚爲如乎婢古音之三所生奴雪伊<br />
<br />
4年甲子生身乙 楮貨肆千張價乙依數交易捧上爲遣永永放賣爲去乎後<br />
<br />
5次良中矣同生子孫中相爭隅有去乙等此文記內意用良告官辨正爲乎矣<br />
<br />
6經亂之後女矣身亦盡敗家莊分不喩圖書至亦閪失爲遣趁時造備不得<br />
<br />
7此文記良中手掌爲有昆玆以後考爲乎事亦在<br />
<br />
Translation: <br />
The 22nd year of the reign of Emperor Wanli, the Kabo year, Fed. 23rd.<br />
<br />
This is a certificate to the slave, Kilyŏn.<br />
<br />
What this document pertains to is: because after the war in the Imjin year (the Japanese invasion), I have lost all my households and have nowhere to rely on, (I sell) the slave named Soli who is the third child of a slave, Kounji, who was passed down from her ancestors for our family to obtain.<br />
<br />
(The salve Soli) is sold for 4000 bills of currency. She will be obtained by Kilyŏn (as a slave or property)<br />
<br />
If there will be people from the same family disputing about this, this document can be used to inform the officials and correct the misleading. <br />
<br />
After the war, not only did I lose all my family properties, but I lost my seal. And I can’t reproduce another one in such a short time. <br />
<br />
So, I use my handprint as a seal. <br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 2 : Samuel Sai Hay Chan 陳世熙 진세희'''===<br />
<br />
A certificate to Slave Ki Yŏn on the 23th day of the 2nd month of the 22nd year of Wanli (The year of Kabo)<br />
<br />
This certificate is issued in regard to the followings: I, the woman, after the calamity in the year of Imjin, have lost all my family lands and suddenly had nothing upon which to depend. Because of survival needs and death threatening starvation, I am selling permanently Slave Sŏl I, the third child of Slave Ko Ŭm whom I inherited from my ancestors and who was born in the year of Kapcha, at the price of 4000 worth of paper money and have already paid up the said amount and completed the transaction. In the event of any future dispute among the offspring of my family, this certificate will be presented to the officials for adjudication. <br />
<br />
After the calamity [in the year of Imjin], I, the woman, have not only lost all my family lands but also my seal. I am not able to procure [a new seal] in time [for this certificate]. Therefore, I am using my hand print as a replacement. <br />
<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 3 : Younès M'Ghari'''===<br />
----<br />
Certifying document to slave Kiryôn (RR: Giryeon), the 23rd day of the 2nd month of the 22nd year of Wanli:<br />
<br />
The certifying document on the right side pertains to [the fact that] I myself have lost [my] family’s property and there is nothing I can rely upon after the Imjin [war]’s calamities... Because I am begging for necessaries of life and starving to death, I received in a transaction [the amount of the price of] 4000 sheets of paper currency for slave Sôri - third born child (in the year of jiazi (MR: kapcha, RR: gapja)) of female slave Koûnji which I had inherited as my share from my ancestors - from<br />
<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 4 : King Kwong Wong'''===<br />
----<br />
1縣接奴己年(左寸)<br />
<br />
2右謹陳所志矣段粘連文記相考斜給立案成給爲白只爲<br />
<br />
3行下向敎是事<br />
<br />
4官主處分<br />
<br />
The male slave of this county 己年.<br />
<br />
The attached for your reference is what I humbly requested. Please kindly copy it and create a file. To your subordinates, please instruct them about this matter.<br />
<br />
Processed by the magistrate.<br />
<br />
1萬曆二十二年甲午二月卄三日奴起連亦中明文<br />
<br />
2右明文爲臥乎事段女矣身亦壬辰焚蕩之後盡敗家莊頓無依託<br />
<br />
3焉乞資生飢死絃如祖上傳來衿得使喚爲如乎婢古音之三所生奴雪伊<br />
<br />
4年甲子生身乙 楮貨肆千張價乙依數交易捧上爲遣永永放賣爲去乎後<br />
<br />
5次良中矣同生子孫中相爭隅有去乙等此文記內意用良告官辨正爲乎矣<br />
<br />
6經亂之後女矣身亦盡敗家莊分不喩圖書至亦閪失爲遣趁時造備不得<br />
<br />
7此文記良中手掌爲有昆玆以後考爲乎事亦在<br />
<br />
The certificate to the male slave 起連 on the twenty-third day of the second month in the twenty-seocnd year,the Kabo (Gabo) year, of the Wanli reign.<br />
<br />
This certificate pertains to the following reason. I, after the fire and destruction in the year of Imjin, lost all my estates and suddenly had nothing to rely on. Because of the begging for living and hunger to death, I traded inherited from ancestors' share the private female slave 古音之's third-born male slave 雪伊's birth of one slave in the Kapja year for an amount equal to four thousands sheets of paper currency from him so that he can keep him at his disposal forever and ever. If the descendants from the same lineage of mine have any dispute, this written document should be presented to the officials to discern the validity of this transaction. After this turbulence, I lost not only all my estates but even my seal. At this time I did not have the means to prepare and create one. In this document, I printed my palm instead. <br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 5 : 신동조'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
1) This document is the certificate issued for 起連 on February 23, 1594. <br />
<br />
2) The reason why I create this certificate is related to my current situation: In the aftermath of the Hideyoshi's War, I have completely lost all my land and family properties so I have no place to reply upon. <br />
<br />
3) On the verge of continuous starvation, my female slave (born in the year of 甲子, 1564), 雪伊, the third born of a female slave, 高音之, who was inherited to me from my ancestors and kept as a servant, <br />
<br />
4) was traded with the goods equivalent to 楮貨 (bank draft?) four thousand. <br />
<br />
5) If my siblings and descendants would involve in a legal dispute one another in the future, you should appeal a decision to the court, using this certificate.<br />
<br />
6) After the war, I have lost not only my properties but also my seal. I cannot even afford a new seal.<br />
<br />
7) Hence, for this certificate, I use my hand print...<br />
<br />
==='''Student 6 : Stacey Lui'''===<br />
----<br />
(text) 1縣接奴己年(左寸)<br />
<br />
2右謹陳所志矣段粘連文記相考斜給立案成給爲白只爲<br />
<br />
3行下向敎是事<br />
<br />
Nobi Kinyon of the local county (finger ID)<br />
<br />
Herein, I kindly implore of you the reproduction of this original document. Please issue it to me.<br />
I await your process of my request [lit. please do this for me].<br />
Processed in the name of the magistrate.<br />
<br />
<br />
1萬曆二十二年甲午二月卄三日奴起連亦中明文<br />
<br />
2右明文爲臥乎事段女矣身亦壬辰焚蕩之後盡敗家莊頓無依託<br />
<br />
3焉乞資生飢死絃如祖上傳來衿得使喚爲如乎婢古音之三所生奴雪伊<br />
<br />
4年甲子生身乙 楮貨肆千張價乙依數交易捧上爲遣永永放賣爲去乎後<br />
<br />
5次良中矣同生子孫中相爭隅有去乙等此文記內意用良告官辨正爲乎矣<br />
<br />
6經亂之後女矣身亦盡敗家莊分不喩圖書至亦閪失爲遣趁時造備不得<br />
<br />
7此文記良中手掌爲有昆玆以後考爲乎事亦在<br />
<br />
Document addressed to nobi Kiyon, on the 22nd year of the reign of Emperor Wanli (1563-1620), Kabo, 2nd month, 23rd day<br />
<br />
What this document pertains to: I, in the aftermath of the Imjin catastrophe, completely lost my family's land. There is nothing I have to rely upon. Because all [my family] had to beg to make a living and starved, my male nobi Soli - the 3rd child borne of nobi Koumji who was obtained and passed down from my ancestors - will be exchanged for [the equivalent of] 4000 sheets of paper currency. He will be received and kept for eternity. Afterwards, if there are disputes among family members [lit. children of the same mother], the contents of this certificate should be reported to to the bureau for correction [of these issues]. Following the hardship of war, it is not that I have only lost my entire family property, but I have also lost my seal. In such time of urgency, I could not procure another. For this document, I have used my hand print.<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 7 : Russell Guilbault'''===<br />
----<br />
<br><br />
1. Slave [Xianjie]..... [left thumbprint]<br><br />
2. The request humbly expressed herein has been put down in this document, and copied and presented as an official request.<br><br />
3. Please order it done.<br><br />
4. Processed by magistrate<br><br />
5. Request of Wanli year 22, fourth month, [] day<br><br />
6. .... beginning of eighth month<br><br />
<br />
<br><br><br><br />
<br />
<br />
1. Wanli 22, 31st year [sexagenary], second month, 23rd day <br><br />
Certificate for the slave Gi-yeon <br><br />
2. This document is issued after the great fire of the 29th year. We have completely lost our homes and land, [and thus have nothing] to rely on. <br><br />
3. We beg for aid in living, and are dying from hunger. We have inherited the slave [Xueyi], third son born of the slave girl Goeum <br><br />
4. 1st year..... goods for a price of four thousand..... transacted according to(?) the amount..... sold off forever <br><br />
5. My descendants of the same birth(?) [i.e., born of the same parents?] vie among one another, so I issue this document to record my inner feelings, and properly instruct the officials to sort it out correctly <br><br />
6. After passing through this disaster, having completely lost our homes and land, ..... and lost, cannot seize this moment to prepare <br><br />
7. Holding this document, can hereafter check/examine (?) <br><br />
8. [I designate] the master of my property as Chung Ui-wi...... Ms. Gwon <br><br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 8 : Q'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
1萬曆二十二年甲午二月卄三日奴起連亦中明文<br />
Certificate to Kilyŏn, a slave. The twenty third day of the second month of Kabo year, 1594. <br />
<br />
2右明文爲臥乎事段女矣身亦壬辰焚蕩之後盡敗家莊頓無依託<br />
This document pertains to the following: <br />
In the disastrous aftermath of the Japanese Invasion of Imjin year, I lost all family properties and had no one to turn to for help.<br />
<br />
3焉乞資生飢死絃如祖上傳來衿得使喚爲如乎婢古音之三所生奴雪伊<br />
Subsisting on alms and starving to death continued [in my family], and I have sold Sŏri, my personal slave born in Kapcha year as the third child of Koŭmji, a female slave who I had inherited as my share from my parents, for goods equal in value to four thousand "chŏhwa" <br />
<br />
4年甲子生身乙 楮貨肆千張價乙依數交易捧上爲遣永永放賣爲去乎後<br />
<br />
5次良中矣同生子孫中相爭隅有去乙等此文記內意用良告官辨正爲乎矣<br />
<br />
6經亂之後女矣身亦盡敗家莊分不喩圖書至亦閪失爲遣趁時造備不得<br />
<br />
7此文記良中手掌爲有昆玆以後考爲乎事亦在<br />
<br />
---<br />
<br />
1縣接奴己年(左寸)<br />
<br />
Kinyŏn, a slave in the county. Digit trace, left.<br />
<br />
2右謹陳所志矣段粘連文記相考斜給立案成給爲白只爲<br />
<br />
By this [writing], I humbly request that the [submitted] documents and its attachments be examined [and verified] and that the appropriate actions be taken.<br />
<br />
3行下向敎是事<br />
<br />
4官主處分<br />
<br />
5萬曆二十二年四月□日所志<br />
<br />
6[題辭]刑 初八日<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 9 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 10 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 11 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 12 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 13 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 14 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop]]<br />
[[Category:Advanced Translation Group]]</div>Qhttp://dh.aks.ac.kr/jsg/index.php?title=(Translation)_%E8%90%AC%E6%9B%8622%E5%B9%B4_%E9%8E%AD%E5%B7%9D_%E7%AB%8B%E6%A1%88&diff=19091(Translation) 萬曆22年 鎭川 立案2019-07-16T02:47:53Z<p>Q: /* Student 8 : Q */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Primary Source Document3<br />
|Image = 만력22년갑오노기련역중명문001.jpg<br />
|English = <br />
|Chinese = 萬曆22年 鎭川 立案<br />
|Korean = 만력22년 진천 입안(''Iban'')<br />
|Genre = [[Old Documents]]<br />
|Type = <br />
|Author = <br />
|Year = <br />
|Source = <br />
|Key Concepts= <br />
|Translator = [[2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop (Advanced)#Participants | Participants of 2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop (Advanced Translation Group)]]<br />
|Editor = <br />
|Translation Year = 2019<br />
}}<br />
[[File:Backward.png|right|40px|link=2019_JSG_Summer_Hanmun_Workshop_(Advanced)#.282019.29Primary_Sources_for_Korean_Studies]]<br />
<gallery mode=packed heights=150px caption=><br />
File:만력22년갑오노기련역중명문002.jpg|萬曆22年 鎭川 立案(2)<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
<br />
=='''Introduction'''==<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''Original Script'''==<br />
<br />
<br />
{|class="wikitable" style="width:90%; font-size:110%; color:#002080; background-color:#ffffff;"<br />
!style="width:40%;"|Classical Chinese || style="width:60%;"| English <br />
|-<br />
|<br />
(text) 1縣接奴己年(左寸)<br />
<br />
2右謹陳所志矣段粘連文記相考斜給立案成給爲白只爲<br />
<br />
3行下向敎是事<br />
<br />
4官主處分<br />
<br />
5萬曆二十二年四月□日所志<br />
<br />
6[題辭]刑 初八日<br />
---------------------------------------------------------------<br />
<br />
1萬曆二十二年甲午二月卄三日奴起連亦中明文<br />
<br />
2右明文爲臥乎事段女矣身亦壬辰焚蕩之後盡敗家莊頓無依託<br />
<br />
3焉乞資生飢死絃如祖上傳來衿得使喚爲如乎婢古音之三所生奴雪伊<br />
<br />
4年甲子生身乙 楮貨肆千張價乙依數交易捧上爲遣永永放賣爲去乎後<br />
<br />
5次良中矣同生子孫中相爭隅有去乙等此文記內意用良告官辨正爲乎矣<br />
<br />
6經亂之後女矣身亦盡敗家莊分不喩圖書至亦閪失爲遣趁時造備不得<br />
<br />
7此文記良中手掌爲有昆玆以後考爲乎事亦在<br />
<br />
8 財主故忠義衛閔雲吉妻權氏(手掌)<br />
<br />
9 證人同姓三寸姪忠義衛□權拭(着名 署押)<br />
<br />
10 筆執同生娚忠義衛□權恊(着名 署押)<br />
<br />
---------------------------------------------------------------<br />
<br />
1□□□□□□消息公緘<br />
<br />
2節公緘內某邊婢某乙某人處某事以放賣時某某人訂筆爲有臥乎喩記<br />
<br />
3下向事公緘是白有亦女矣身亦焚蕩以後連命爲難祖上傳來衿得婢<br />
<br />
4古音之三所生奴雪伊年甲子生身乙價折楮貨四千張價以交易爲遣奴起年<br />
<br />
5處後所生幷以永永放賣文記良中着手掌成置的只是齊訂人段<br />
<br />
6同姓三寸姪權拭筆執段同生娚權恊等以成置爲乎事<br />
<br />
7財主故忠義衛閔雲吉妻權氏 白(手掌)<br />
<br />
---------------------------------------------------------------<br />
<br />
1甲午四月日初八日權拭年□□權恊年<br />
<br />
2白等縣接奴起連狀以權氏處奴雪伊買得文記成置時<br />
<br />
3訂筆與否推考敎是臥乎在亦權拭以訂人權恊以筆執<br />
<br />
4爲等如右之良處納成置時各各隨參着名的只是乎事<br />
<br />
5官(押)<br />
<br />
6白 權<br />
<br />
7白 權<br />
<br />
---------------------------------------------------------------<br />
<br />
1萬曆二十二年四月日鎭川官立案<br />
<br />
2右立案爲斜給事課狀粘連文記及財主證筆各人等推考(招辭)<br />
<br />
3是置有亦本文記成(取)納相考爲乎喩萬曆七年己未二月長<br />
<br />
4娚權愊二妹許禋三妹筆執李命世四娚權恊五妹六娚權愉等<br />
<br />
5着名同腹和會成置文記季後內長娚權忠佐衛衿奴願山良<br />
<br />
6妻幷産二所生奴古音之是如他衿他田民幷付和會是齊向前<br />
<br />
7奴雪伊段婢高音之得後所生以本賤籍所付草用不得依他斜<br />
<br />
8給爲遣合行立案者.<br />
<br />
竹山縣監<br />
<br />
入蛹任能<br />
||<br />
(translation)<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
(text)<br />
||<br />
(translation)<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
(text)<br />
||<br />
(translation)<br />
<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=='''Discussion Questions'''==<br />
#<br />
#<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''Further Readings'''==<br />
<!--<br />
<div style="color:#008080;"><br />
* View together with '''~~'''.<br />
</div><br />
--><br />
*<br />
*<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''References'''==<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
=='''Translation'''==<br />
<br />
==='''(sample) : Jaeyoon Song'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 1 : Yishu Ma '''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
1萬曆二十二年甲午二月卄三日奴起連亦中明文<br />
<br />
2右明文爲臥乎事段女矣身亦壬辰焚蕩之後盡敗家莊頓無依託<br />
<br />
3焉乞資生飢死絃如祖上傳來衿得使喚爲如乎婢古音之三所生奴雪伊<br />
<br />
4年甲子生身乙 楮貨肆千張價乙依數交易捧上爲遣永永放賣爲去乎後<br />
<br />
5次良中矣同生子孫中相爭隅有去乙等此文記內意用良告官辨正爲乎矣<br />
<br />
6經亂之後女矣身亦盡敗家莊分不喩圖書至亦閪失爲遣趁時造備不得<br />
<br />
7此文記良中手掌爲有昆玆以後考爲乎事亦在<br />
<br />
Translation: <br />
The 22nd year of the reign of Emperor Wanli, the Kabo year, Fed. 23rd.<br />
<br />
This is a certificate to the slave, Kilyŏn.<br />
<br />
What this document pertains to is: because after the war in the Imjin year (the Japanese invasion), I have lost all my households and have nowhere to rely on, (I sell) the slave named Soli who is the third child of a slave, Kounji, who was passed down from her ancestors for our family to obtain.<br />
<br />
(The salve Soli) is sold for 4000 bills of currency. She will be obtained by Kilyŏn (as a slave or property)<br />
<br />
If there will be people from the same family disputing about this, this document can be used to inform the officials and correct the misleading. <br />
<br />
After the war, not only did I lose all my family properties, but I lost my seal. And I can’t reproduce another one in such a short time. <br />
<br />
So, I use my handprint as a seal. <br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 2 : Samuel Sai Hay Chan 陳世熙 진세희'''===<br />
<br />
A certificate to Slave Ki Yŏn on the 23th day of the 2nd month of the 22nd year of Wanli (The year of Kabo)<br />
<br />
This certificate is issued in regard to the followings: I, the woman, after the calamity in the year of Imjin, have lost all my family lands and suddenly had nothing upon which to depend. Because of survival needs and death threatening starvation, I am selling permanently Slave Sŏl I, the third child of Slave Ko Ŭm whom I inherited from my ancestors and who was born in the year of Kapcha, at the price of 4000 worth of paper money and have already paid up the said amount and completed the transaction. In the event of any future dispute among the offspring of my family, this certificate will be presented to the officials for adjudication. <br />
<br />
After the calamity [in the year of Imjin], I, the woman, have not only lost all my family lands but also my seal. I am not able to procure [a new seal] in time [for this certificate]. Therefore, I am using my hand print as a replacement. <br />
<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 3 : Younès M'Ghari'''===<br />
----<br />
Certifying document to slave Kiryôn (RR: Giryeon), the 23rd day of the 2nd month of the 22nd year of Wanli:<br />
<br />
The certifying document on the right side pertains to [the fact that] I myself have lost [my] family’s property and there is nothing I can rely upon after the Imjin [war]’s calamities... Because I am begging for necessaries of life and starving to death, I received in a transaction [the amount of the price of] 4000 sheets of paper currency for slave Sôri - third born child (in the year of jiazi (MR: kapcha, RR: gapja)) of female slave Koûnji which I had inherited as my share from my ancestors - from<br />
<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 4 : King Kwong Wong'''===<br />
----<br />
1縣接奴己年(左寸)<br />
<br />
2右謹陳所志矣段粘連文記相考斜給立案成給爲白只爲<br />
<br />
3行下向敎是事<br />
<br />
4官主處分<br />
<br />
The male slave of this county 己年.<br />
<br />
The attached for your reference is what I humbly requested. Please kindly copy it and create a file. To your subordinates, please instruct them about this matter.<br />
<br />
Processed by the magistrate.<br />
<br />
1萬曆二十二年甲午二月卄三日奴起連亦中明文<br />
<br />
2右明文爲臥乎事段女矣身亦壬辰焚蕩之後盡敗家莊頓無依託<br />
<br />
3焉乞資生飢死絃如祖上傳來衿得使喚爲如乎婢古音之三所生奴雪伊<br />
<br />
4年甲子生身乙 楮貨肆千張價乙依數交易捧上爲遣永永放賣爲去乎後<br />
<br />
5次良中矣同生子孫中相爭隅有去乙等此文記內意用良告官辨正爲乎矣<br />
<br />
6經亂之後女矣身亦盡敗家莊分不喩圖書至亦閪失爲遣趁時造備不得<br />
<br />
7此文記良中手掌爲有昆玆以後考爲乎事亦在<br />
<br />
The certificate to the male slave 起連 on the twenty-third day of the second month in the twenty-seocnd year,the Kabo (Gabo) year, of the Wanli reign.<br />
<br />
This certificate pertains to the following reason. I, after the fire and destruction in the year of Imjin, lost all my estates and suddenly had nothing to rely on. Because of the begging for living and hunger to death, I traded inherited from ancestors' share the private female slave 古音之's third-born male slave 雪伊's birth of one slave in the Kapja year for an amount equal to four thousands sheets of paper currency from him so that he can keep him at his disposal forever and ever. If the descendants from the same lineage of mine have any dispute, this written document should be presented to the officials to discern the validity of this transaction. After this turbulence, I lost not only all my estates but even my seal. At this time I did not have the means to prepare and create one. In this document, I printed my palm instead. <br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 5 : 신동조'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
1) This document is the certificate issued for 起連 on February 23, 1594. <br />
<br />
2) The reason why I create this certificate is related to my current situation: In the aftermath of the Hideyoshi's War, I have completely lost all my land and family properties so I have no place to reply upon. <br />
<br />
3) On the verge of continuous starvation, my female slave (born in the year of 甲子, 1564), 雪伊, the third born of a female slave, 高音之, who was inherited to me from my ancestors and kept as a servant, <br />
<br />
4) was traded with the goods equivalent to 楮貨 (bank draft?) four thousand. <br />
<br />
5) If my siblings and descendants would involve in a legal dispute one another in the future, you should appeal a decision to the court, using this certificate.<br />
<br />
6) After the war, I have lost not only my properties but also my seal. I cannot even afford a new seal.<br />
<br />
7) Hence, for this certificate, I use my hand print...<br />
<br />
==='''Student 6 : Stacey Lui'''===<br />
----<br />
(text) 1縣接奴己年(左寸)<br />
<br />
2右謹陳所志矣段粘連文記相考斜給立案成給爲白只爲<br />
<br />
3行下向敎是事<br />
<br />
Nobi Kinyon of the local county (finger ID)<br />
<br />
Herein, I kindly implore of you the reproduction of this original document. Please issue it to me.<br />
I await your process of my request [lit. please do this for me].<br />
Processed in the name of the magistrate.<br />
<br />
<br />
1萬曆二十二年甲午二月卄三日奴起連亦中明文<br />
<br />
2右明文爲臥乎事段女矣身亦壬辰焚蕩之後盡敗家莊頓無依託<br />
<br />
3焉乞資生飢死絃如祖上傳來衿得使喚爲如乎婢古音之三所生奴雪伊<br />
<br />
4年甲子生身乙 楮貨肆千張價乙依數交易捧上爲遣永永放賣爲去乎後<br />
<br />
5次良中矣同生子孫中相爭隅有去乙等此文記內意用良告官辨正爲乎矣<br />
<br />
6經亂之後女矣身亦盡敗家莊分不喩圖書至亦閪失爲遣趁時造備不得<br />
<br />
7此文記良中手掌爲有昆玆以後考爲乎事亦在<br />
<br />
Document addressed to nobi Kiyon, on the 22nd year of the reign of Emperor Wanli (1563-1620), Kabo, 2nd month, 23rd day<br />
<br />
What this document pertains to: I, in the aftermath of the Imjin catastrophe, completely lost my family's land. There is nothing I have to rely upon. Because all [my family] had to beg to make a living and starved, my male nobi Soli - the 3rd child borne of nobi Koumji who was obtained and passed down from my ancestors - will be exchanged for [the equivalent of] 4000 sheets of paper currency. He will be received and kept for eternity. Afterwards, if there are disputes among family members [lit. children of the same mother], the contents of this certificate should be reported to to the bureau for correction [of these issues]. Following the hardship of war, it is not that I have only lost my entire family property, but I have also lost my seal. In such time of urgency, I could not procure another. For this document, I have used my hand print.<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 7 : Russell Guilbault'''===<br />
----<br />
<br><br />
1. Slave [Xianjie]..... [left thumbprint]<br><br />
2. The request humbly expressed herein has been put down in this document, and copied and presented as an official request.<br><br />
3. Please order it done.<br><br />
4. Processed by magistrate<br><br />
5. Request of Wanli year 22, fourth month, [] day<br><br />
6. .... beginning of eighth month<br><br />
<br />
<br><br><br><br />
<br />
<br />
1. Wanli 22, 31st year [sexagenary], second month, 23rd day <br><br />
Certificate for the slave Gi-yeon <br><br />
2. This document is issued after the great fire of the 29th year. We have completely lost our homes and land, [and thus have nothing] to rely on. <br><br />
3. We beg for aid in living, and are dying from hunger. We have inherited the slave [Xueyi], third son born of the slave girl Goeum <br><br />
4. 1st year..... goods for a price of four thousand..... transacted according to(?) the amount..... sold off forever <br><br />
5. My descendants of the same birth(?) [i.e., born of the same parents?] vie among one another, so I issue this document to record my inner feelings, and properly instruct the officials to sort it out correctly <br><br />
6. After passing through this disaster, having completely lost our homes and land, ..... and lost, cannot seize this moment to prepare <br><br />
7. Holding this document, can hereafter check/examine (?) <br><br />
8. [I designate] the master of my property as Chung Ui-wi...... Ms. Gwon <br><br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 8 : Q'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
1萬曆二十二年甲午二月卄三日奴起連亦中明文<br />
Certificate to Kilyŏn, a slave. The twenty third day of the second month of Kabo year, 1594. <br />
<br />
2右明文爲臥乎事段女矣身亦壬辰焚蕩之後盡敗家莊頓無依託<br />
This document pertains to the following: <br />
In the disastrous aftermath of the Japanese Invasion of Imjin year, I lost all family properties and had no one to turn to for help.<br />
<br />
3焉乞資生飢死絃如祖上傳來衿得使喚爲如乎婢古音之三所生奴雪伊<br />
Subsisting on alms and starving to death continued [in my family], and I have sold Sŏri, my personal slave born in Kapcha year as the third child of Koŭmji, a female slave who I had inherited as my share from my parents, for goods equal in value to four thousand "chŏhwa" <br />
<br />
4年甲子生身乙 楮貨肆千張價乙依數交易捧上爲遣永永放賣爲去乎後<br />
<br />
5次良中矣同生子孫中相爭隅有去乙等此文記內意用良告官辨正爲乎矣<br />
<br />
6經亂之後女矣身亦盡敗家莊分不喩圖書至亦閪失爲遣趁時造備不得<br />
<br />
7此文記良中手掌爲有昆玆以後考爲乎事亦在<br />
<br />
---<br />
<br />
1縣接奴己年(左寸)<br />
<br />
Kinyŏn, a slave in the county. Digit trace, left.<br />
<br />
2右謹陳所志矣段粘連文記相考斜給立案成給爲白只爲<br />
<br />
By this document, I humbly request that the copies and attachments be examined and that the appropriate actions be taken.<br />
<br />
3行下向敎是事<br />
<br />
4官主處分<br />
<br />
5萬曆二十二年四月□日所志<br />
<br />
6[題辭]刑 初八日<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 9 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 10 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 11 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 12 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 13 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 14 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop]]<br />
[[Category:Advanced Translation Group]]</div>Qhttp://dh.aks.ac.kr/jsg/index.php?title=(Translation)_%E8%90%AC%E6%9B%8622%E5%B9%B4_%E9%8E%AD%E5%B7%9D_%E7%AB%8B%E6%A1%88&diff=19089(Translation) 萬曆22年 鎭川 立案2019-07-16T02:43:51Z<p>Q: /* Student 8 : Q */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Primary Source Document3<br />
|Image = 만력22년갑오노기련역중명문001.jpg<br />
|English = <br />
|Chinese = 萬曆22年 鎭川 立案<br />
|Korean = 만력22년 진천 입안(''Iban'')<br />
|Genre = [[Old Documents]]<br />
|Type = <br />
|Author = <br />
|Year = <br />
|Source = <br />
|Key Concepts= <br />
|Translator = [[2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop (Advanced)#Participants | Participants of 2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop (Advanced Translation Group)]]<br />
|Editor = <br />
|Translation Year = 2019<br />
}}<br />
[[File:Backward.png|right|40px|link=2019_JSG_Summer_Hanmun_Workshop_(Advanced)#.282019.29Primary_Sources_for_Korean_Studies]]<br />
<gallery mode=packed heights=150px caption=><br />
File:만력22년갑오노기련역중명문002.jpg|萬曆22年 鎭川 立案(2)<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
<br />
=='''Introduction'''==<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''Original Script'''==<br />
<br />
<br />
{|class="wikitable" style="width:90%; font-size:110%; color:#002080; background-color:#ffffff;"<br />
!style="width:40%;"|Classical Chinese || style="width:60%;"| English <br />
|-<br />
|<br />
(text) 1縣接奴己年(左寸)<br />
<br />
2右謹陳所志矣段粘連文記相考斜給立案成給爲白只爲<br />
<br />
3行下向敎是事<br />
<br />
4官主處分<br />
<br />
5萬曆二十二年四月□日所志<br />
<br />
6[題辭]刑 初八日<br />
---------------------------------------------------------------<br />
<br />
1萬曆二十二年甲午二月卄三日奴起連亦中明文<br />
<br />
2右明文爲臥乎事段女矣身亦壬辰焚蕩之後盡敗家莊頓無依託<br />
<br />
3焉乞資生飢死絃如祖上傳來衿得使喚爲如乎婢古音之三所生奴雪伊<br />
<br />
4年甲子生身乙 楮貨肆千張價乙依數交易捧上爲遣永永放賣爲去乎後<br />
<br />
5次良中矣同生子孫中相爭隅有去乙等此文記內意用良告官辨正爲乎矣<br />
<br />
6經亂之後女矣身亦盡敗家莊分不喩圖書至亦閪失爲遣趁時造備不得<br />
<br />
7此文記良中手掌爲有昆玆以後考爲乎事亦在<br />
<br />
8 財主故忠義衛閔雲吉妻權氏(手掌)<br />
<br />
9 證人同姓三寸姪忠義衛□權拭(着名 署押)<br />
<br />
10 筆執同生娚忠義衛□權恊(着名 署押)<br />
<br />
---------------------------------------------------------------<br />
<br />
1□□□□□□消息公緘<br />
<br />
2節公緘內某邊婢某乙某人處某事以放賣時某某人訂筆爲有臥乎喩記<br />
<br />
3下向事公緘是白有亦女矣身亦焚蕩以後連命爲難祖上傳來衿得婢<br />
<br />
4古音之三所生奴雪伊年甲子生身乙價折楮貨四千張價以交易爲遣奴起年<br />
<br />
5處後所生幷以永永放賣文記良中着手掌成置的只是齊訂人段<br />
<br />
6同姓三寸姪權拭筆執段同生娚權恊等以成置爲乎事<br />
<br />
7財主故忠義衛閔雲吉妻權氏 白(手掌)<br />
<br />
---------------------------------------------------------------<br />
<br />
1甲午四月日初八日權拭年□□權恊年<br />
<br />
2白等縣接奴起連狀以權氏處奴雪伊買得文記成置時<br />
<br />
3訂筆與否推考敎是臥乎在亦權拭以訂人權恊以筆執<br />
<br />
4爲等如右之良處納成置時各各隨參着名的只是乎事<br />
<br />
5官(押)<br />
<br />
6白 權<br />
<br />
7白 權<br />
<br />
---------------------------------------------------------------<br />
<br />
1萬曆二十二年四月日鎭川官立案<br />
<br />
2右立案爲斜給事課狀粘連文記及財主證筆各人等推考(招辭)<br />
<br />
3是置有亦本文記成(取)納相考爲乎喩萬曆七年己未二月長<br />
<br />
4娚權愊二妹許禋三妹筆執李命世四娚權恊五妹六娚權愉等<br />
<br />
5着名同腹和會成置文記季後內長娚權忠佐衛衿奴願山良<br />
<br />
6妻幷産二所生奴古音之是如他衿他田民幷付和會是齊向前<br />
<br />
7奴雪伊段婢高音之得後所生以本賤籍所付草用不得依他斜<br />
<br />
8給爲遣合行立案者.<br />
<br />
竹山縣監<br />
<br />
入蛹任能<br />
||<br />
(translation)<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
(text)<br />
||<br />
(translation)<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
(text)<br />
||<br />
(translation)<br />
<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=='''Discussion Questions'''==<br />
#<br />
#<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''Further Readings'''==<br />
<!--<br />
<div style="color:#008080;"><br />
* View together with '''~~'''.<br />
</div><br />
--><br />
*<br />
*<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''References'''==<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
=='''Translation'''==<br />
<br />
==='''(sample) : Jaeyoon Song'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 1 : Yishu Ma '''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
1萬曆二十二年甲午二月卄三日奴起連亦中明文<br />
<br />
2右明文爲臥乎事段女矣身亦壬辰焚蕩之後盡敗家莊頓無依託<br />
<br />
3焉乞資生飢死絃如祖上傳來衿得使喚爲如乎婢古音之三所生奴雪伊<br />
<br />
4年甲子生身乙 楮貨肆千張價乙依數交易捧上爲遣永永放賣爲去乎後<br />
<br />
5次良中矣同生子孫中相爭隅有去乙等此文記內意用良告官辨正爲乎矣<br />
<br />
6經亂之後女矣身亦盡敗家莊分不喩圖書至亦閪失爲遣趁時造備不得<br />
<br />
7此文記良中手掌爲有昆玆以後考爲乎事亦在<br />
<br />
Translation: <br />
The 22nd year of the reign of Emperor Wanli, the Kabo year, Fed. 23rd.<br />
<br />
This is a certificate to the slave, Kilyŏn.<br />
<br />
What this document pertains to is: because after the war in the Imjin year (the Japanese invasion), I have lost all my households and have nowhere to rely on, (I sell) the slave named Soli who is the third child of a slave, Kounji, who was passed down from her ancestors for our family to obtain.<br />
<br />
(The salve Soli) is sold for 4000 bills of currency. She will be obtained by Kilyŏn (as a slave or property)<br />
<br />
If there will be people from the same family disputing about this, this document can be used to inform the officials and correct the misleading. <br />
<br />
After the war, not only did I lose all my family properties, but I lost my seal. And I can’t reproduce another one in such a short time. <br />
<br />
So, I use my handprint as a seal. <br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 2 : Samuel Sai Hay Chan 陳世熙 진세희'''===<br />
<br />
A certificate to Slave Ki Yŏn on the 23th day of the 2nd month of the 22nd year of Wanli (The year of Kabo)<br />
<br />
This certificate is issued in regard to the followings: I, the woman, after the calamity in the year of Imjin, have lost all my family lands and suddenly had nothing upon which to depend. Because of survival needs and death threatening starvation, I am selling permanently Slave Sŏl I, the third child of Slave Ko Ŭm whom I inherited from my ancestors and who was born in the year of Kapcha, at the price of 4000 worth of paper money and have already paid up the said amount and completed the transaction. In the event of any future dispute among the offspring of my family, this certificate will be presented to the officials for adjudication. <br />
<br />
After the calamity [in the year of Imjin], I, the woman, have not only lost all my family lands but also my seal. I am not able to procure [a new seal] in time [for this certificate]. Therefore, I am using my hand print as a replacement. <br />
<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 3 : Younès M'Ghari'''===<br />
----<br />
Certifying document to slave Kiryôn (RR: Giryeon), the 23rd day of the 2nd month of the 22nd year of Wanli:<br />
<br />
The certifying document on the right side pertains to [the fact that] I myself have lost [my] family’s property and there is nothing I can rely upon after the Imjin [war]’s calamities... Because I am begging for necessaries of life and starving to death, I acquired, in a transaction, for the price of 4000 sheets of paper currency slave Sôri - third born child (in the year of jiazi (MR: kapcha, RR: gapja)) of female slave Koûnji which I had inherited as my share from my ancestors - from <br />
<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 4 : King Kwong Wong'''===<br />
----<br />
1縣接奴己年(左寸)<br />
<br />
2右謹陳所志矣段粘連文記相考斜給立案成給爲白只爲<br />
<br />
3行下向敎是事<br />
<br />
4官主處分<br />
<br />
The male slave of this county 己年.<br />
<br />
The attached for your reference is what I humbly requested. Please kindly copy it and create a file. To your subordinates, please instruct them about this matter.<br />
<br />
Processed by the magistrate.<br />
<br />
1萬曆二十二年甲午二月卄三日奴起連亦中明文<br />
<br />
2右明文爲臥乎事段女矣身亦壬辰焚蕩之後盡敗家莊頓無依託<br />
<br />
3焉乞資生飢死絃如祖上傳來衿得使喚爲如乎婢古音之三所生奴雪伊<br />
<br />
4年甲子生身乙 楮貨肆千張價乙依數交易捧上爲遣永永放賣爲去乎後<br />
<br />
5次良中矣同生子孫中相爭隅有去乙等此文記內意用良告官辨正爲乎矣<br />
<br />
6經亂之後女矣身亦盡敗家莊分不喩圖書至亦閪失爲遣趁時造備不得<br />
<br />
7此文記良中手掌爲有昆玆以後考爲乎事亦在<br />
<br />
The certificate to the male slave 起連 on the twenty-third day of the second month in the twenty-seocnd year,the Kabo (Gabo) year, of the Wanli reign.<br />
<br />
This certificate pertains to the following reason. I, after the fire and destruction in the year of Imjin, lost all my estates and suddenly had nothing to rely on. Because of the begging for living and hunger to death, I traded inherited from ancestors' share the private female slave 古音之's third-born male slave 雪伊's birth of one slave in the Kapja year for an amount equal to four thousands sheets of paper currency from him so that he can keep him at his disposal forever and ever. If the descendants from the same lineage of mine have any dispute, this written document should be presented to the officials to discern the validity of this transaction. After this turbulence, I lost not only all my estates but even my seal. At this time I did not have the means to prepare and create one. In this document, I printed my palm instead. <br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 5 : 신동조'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
1) This document is the certificate issued for 起連 on February 23, 1594. <br />
<br />
2) The reason why I create this certificate is related to my current situation: In the aftermath of the Hideyoshi's War, I have completely lost all my land and family properties so I have no place to reply upon. <br />
<br />
3) On the verge of continuous starvation, my female slave (born in the year of 甲子, 1564), 雪伊, the third born of a female slave, 高音之, who was inherited to me from my ancestors and kept as a servant, <br />
<br />
4) was traded with the goods equivalent to 楮貨 (bank draft?) four thousand. <br />
<br />
5) If my siblings and descendants would involve in a legal dispute one another in the future, you should appeal a decision to the court, using this certificate.<br />
<br />
6) After the war, I have lost not only my properties but also my seal. I cannot even afford a new seal.<br />
<br />
7) Hence, for this certificate, I use my hand print...<br />
<br />
==='''Student 6 : Stacey Lui'''===<br />
----<br />
(text) 1縣接奴己年(左寸)<br />
<br />
2右謹陳所志矣段粘連文記相考斜給立案成給爲白只爲<br />
<br />
3行下向敎是事<br />
<br />
Nobi Kinyon of the local county (finger ID)<br />
<br />
Herein, I kindly implore of you the reproduction of this original document. Please issue it to me.<br />
I await your process of my request [lit. please do this for me].<br />
Processed in the name of the magistrate.<br />
<br />
<br />
1萬曆二十二年甲午二月卄三日奴起連亦中明文<br />
<br />
2右明文爲臥乎事段女矣身亦壬辰焚蕩之後盡敗家莊頓無依託<br />
<br />
3焉乞資生飢死絃如祖上傳來衿得使喚爲如乎婢古音之三所生奴雪伊<br />
<br />
4年甲子生身乙 楮貨肆千張價乙依數交易捧上爲遣永永放賣爲去乎後<br />
<br />
5次良中矣同生子孫中相爭隅有去乙等此文記內意用良告官辨正爲乎矣<br />
<br />
6經亂之後女矣身亦盡敗家莊分不喩圖書至亦閪失爲遣趁時造備不得<br />
<br />
7此文記良中手掌爲有昆玆以後考爲乎事亦在<br />
<br />
Document addressed to nobi Kiyon, on the 22nd year of the reign of Emperor Wanli (1563-1620), Kabo, 2nd month, 23rd day<br />
<br />
What this document pertains to: I, in the aftermath of the Imjin catastrophe, completely lost my family's land. There is nothing I have to rely upon. Because all [my family] had to beg to make a living and starved, my male nobi Soli - the 3rd child borne of nobi Koumji who was obtained and passed down from my ancestors - will be exchanged for [the equivalent of] 4000 sheets of paper currency. He will be received and kept for eternity. Afterwards, if there are disputes among family members [lit. children of the same mother], the contents of this certificate should be reported to to the bureau for correction [of these issues]. Following the hardship of war, it is not that I have only lost my entire family property, but I have also lost my seal. In such time of urgency, I could not procure another. For this document, I have used my hand print.<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 7 : Russell Guilbault'''===<br />
----<br />
<br><br />
1. Slave [Xianjie]..... [left thumbprint]<br><br />
2. The request humbly expressed herein has been put down in this document, and copied and presented as an official request.<br><br />
3. Please order it done.<br><br />
4. Processed by magistrate<br><br />
5. Request of Wanli year 22, fourth month, [] day<br><br />
6. .... beginning of eighth month<br><br />
<br />
<br><br><br><br />
<br />
<br />
1. Wanli 22, 31st year [sexagenary], second month, 23rd day <br><br />
Certificate for the slave Gi-yeon <br><br />
2. This document is issued after the great fire of the 29th year. We have completely lost our homes and land, [and thus have nothing] to rely on. <br><br />
3. We beg for aid in living, and are dying from hunger. We have inherited the slave [Xueyi], third son born of the slave girl Goeum <br><br />
4. 1st year..... goods for a price of four thousand..... transacted according to(?) the amount..... sold off forever <br><br />
5. My descendants of the same birth(?) [i.e., born of the same parents?] vie among one another, so I issue this document to record my inner feelings, and properly instruct the officials to sort it out correctly <br><br />
6. After passing through this disaster, having completely lost our homes and land, ..... and lost, cannot seize this moment to prepare <br><br />
7. Holding this document, can hereafter check/examine (?) <br><br />
8. [I designate] the master of my property as Chung Ui-wi...... Ms. Gwon <br><br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 8 : Q'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
1萬曆二十二年甲午二月卄三日奴起連亦中明文<br />
Certificate to Kilyŏn, a slave. The twenty third day of the second month of Kabo year, 1594. <br />
<br />
2右明文爲臥乎事段女矣身亦壬辰焚蕩之後盡敗家莊頓無依託<br />
This document pertains to the following: <br />
In the disastrous aftermath of the Japanese Invasion of Imjin year, I lost all family properties and had no one to turn to for help.<br />
<br />
3焉乞資生飢死絃如祖上傳來衿得使喚爲如乎婢古音之三所生奴雪伊<br />
Subsisting on alms and starving to death continued [in my family], and I have sold Sŏri, my personal slave born in Kapcha year as the third child of Koŭmji, a female slave who I had inherited as my share from my parents, for goods equal in value to four thousand "chŏhwa" <br />
<br />
4年甲子生身乙 楮貨肆千張價乙依數交易捧上爲遣永永放賣爲去乎後<br />
<br />
5次良中矣同生子孫中相爭隅有去乙等此文記內意用良告官辨正爲乎矣<br />
<br />
6經亂之後女矣身亦盡敗家莊分不喩圖書至亦閪失爲遣趁時造備不得<br />
<br />
7此文記良中手掌爲有昆玆以後考爲乎事亦在<br />
<br />
---<br />
<br />
1縣接奴己年(左寸)<br />
<br />
Kinyŏn, a slave in the county. Digit trace, left.<br />
<br />
2右謹陳所志矣段粘連文記相考斜給立案成給爲白只爲<br />
<br />
By this document, I humbly request that the appropriate copies and attachments be produced and the actions taken.<br />
<br />
3行下向敎是事<br />
<br />
4官主處分<br />
<br />
5萬曆二十二年四月□日所志<br />
<br />
6[題辭]刑 初八日<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 9 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
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==='''Student 10 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
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==='''Student 11 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
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==='''Student 12 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
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==='''Student 13 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
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==='''Student 14 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
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<br />
[[Category:2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop]]<br />
[[Category:Advanced Translation Group]]</div>Qhttp://dh.aks.ac.kr/jsg/index.php?title=(Translation)_%E8%90%AC%E6%9B%8622%E5%B9%B4_%E9%8E%AD%E5%B7%9D_%E7%AB%8B%E6%A1%88&diff=19087(Translation) 萬曆22年 鎭川 立案2019-07-16T02:41:59Z<p>Q: /* Student 8 : Q */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Primary Source Document3<br />
|Image = 만력22년갑오노기련역중명문001.jpg<br />
|English = <br />
|Chinese = 萬曆22年 鎭川 立案<br />
|Korean = 만력22년 진천 입안(''Iban'')<br />
|Genre = [[Old Documents]]<br />
|Type = <br />
|Author = <br />
|Year = <br />
|Source = <br />
|Key Concepts= <br />
|Translator = [[2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop (Advanced)#Participants | Participants of 2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop (Advanced Translation Group)]]<br />
|Editor = <br />
|Translation Year = 2019<br />
}}<br />
[[File:Backward.png|right|40px|link=2019_JSG_Summer_Hanmun_Workshop_(Advanced)#.282019.29Primary_Sources_for_Korean_Studies]]<br />
<gallery mode=packed heights=150px caption=><br />
File:만력22년갑오노기련역중명문002.jpg|萬曆22年 鎭川 立案(2)<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
<br />
=='''Introduction'''==<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''Original Script'''==<br />
<br />
<br />
{|class="wikitable" style="width:90%; font-size:110%; color:#002080; background-color:#ffffff;"<br />
!style="width:40%;"|Classical Chinese || style="width:60%;"| English <br />
|-<br />
|<br />
(text) 1縣接奴己年(左寸)<br />
<br />
2右謹陳所志矣段粘連文記相考斜給立案成給爲白只爲<br />
<br />
3行下向敎是事<br />
<br />
4官主處分<br />
<br />
5萬曆二十二年四月□日所志<br />
<br />
6[題辭]刑 初八日<br />
---------------------------------------------------------------<br />
<br />
1萬曆二十二年甲午二月卄三日奴起連亦中明文<br />
<br />
2右明文爲臥乎事段女矣身亦壬辰焚蕩之後盡敗家莊頓無依託<br />
<br />
3焉乞資生飢死絃如祖上傳來衿得使喚爲如乎婢古音之三所生奴雪伊<br />
<br />
4年甲子生身乙 楮貨肆千張價乙依數交易捧上爲遣永永放賣爲去乎後<br />
<br />
5次良中矣同生子孫中相爭隅有去乙等此文記內意用良告官辨正爲乎矣<br />
<br />
6經亂之後女矣身亦盡敗家莊分不喩圖書至亦閪失爲遣趁時造備不得<br />
<br />
7此文記良中手掌爲有昆玆以後考爲乎事亦在<br />
<br />
8 財主故忠義衛閔雲吉妻權氏(手掌)<br />
<br />
9 證人同姓三寸姪忠義衛□權拭(着名 署押)<br />
<br />
10 筆執同生娚忠義衛□權恊(着名 署押)<br />
<br />
---------------------------------------------------------------<br />
<br />
1□□□□□□消息公緘<br />
<br />
2節公緘內某邊婢某乙某人處某事以放賣時某某人訂筆爲有臥乎喩記<br />
<br />
3下向事公緘是白有亦女矣身亦焚蕩以後連命爲難祖上傳來衿得婢<br />
<br />
4古音之三所生奴雪伊年甲子生身乙價折楮貨四千張價以交易爲遣奴起年<br />
<br />
5處後所生幷以永永放賣文記良中着手掌成置的只是齊訂人段<br />
<br />
6同姓三寸姪權拭筆執段同生娚權恊等以成置爲乎事<br />
<br />
7財主故忠義衛閔雲吉妻權氏 白(手掌)<br />
<br />
---------------------------------------------------------------<br />
<br />
1甲午四月日初八日權拭年□□權恊年<br />
<br />
2白等縣接奴起連狀以權氏處奴雪伊買得文記成置時<br />
<br />
3訂筆與否推考敎是臥乎在亦權拭以訂人權恊以筆執<br />
<br />
4爲等如右之良處納成置時各各隨參着名的只是乎事<br />
<br />
5官(押)<br />
<br />
6白 權<br />
<br />
7白 權<br />
<br />
---------------------------------------------------------------<br />
<br />
1萬曆二十二年四月日鎭川官立案<br />
<br />
2右立案爲斜給事課狀粘連文記及財主證筆各人等推考(招辭)<br />
<br />
3是置有亦本文記成(取)納相考爲乎喩萬曆七年己未二月長<br />
<br />
4娚權愊二妹許禋三妹筆執李命世四娚權恊五妹六娚權愉等<br />
<br />
5着名同腹和會成置文記季後內長娚權忠佐衛衿奴願山良<br />
<br />
6妻幷産二所生奴古音之是如他衿他田民幷付和會是齊向前<br />
<br />
7奴雪伊段婢高音之得後所生以本賤籍所付草用不得依他斜<br />
<br />
8給爲遣合行立案者.<br />
<br />
竹山縣監<br />
<br />
入蛹任能<br />
||<br />
(translation)<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
(text)<br />
||<br />
(translation)<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
(text)<br />
||<br />
(translation)<br />
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|}<br />
<br />
=='''Discussion Questions'''==<br />
#<br />
#<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''Further Readings'''==<br />
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*<br />
*<br />
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=='''References'''==<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
=='''Translation'''==<br />
<br />
==='''(sample) : Jaeyoon Song'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 1 : Yishu Ma '''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
1萬曆二十二年甲午二月卄三日奴起連亦中明文<br />
<br />
2右明文爲臥乎事段女矣身亦壬辰焚蕩之後盡敗家莊頓無依託<br />
<br />
3焉乞資生飢死絃如祖上傳來衿得使喚爲如乎婢古音之三所生奴雪伊<br />
<br />
4年甲子生身乙 楮貨肆千張價乙依數交易捧上爲遣永永放賣爲去乎後<br />
<br />
5次良中矣同生子孫中相爭隅有去乙等此文記內意用良告官辨正爲乎矣<br />
<br />
6經亂之後女矣身亦盡敗家莊分不喩圖書至亦閪失爲遣趁時造備不得<br />
<br />
7此文記良中手掌爲有昆玆以後考爲乎事亦在<br />
<br />
Translation: <br />
The 22nd year of the reign of Emperor Wanli, the Kabo year, Fed. 23rd.<br />
<br />
This is a certificate to the slave, Kilyŏn.<br />
<br />
What this document pertains to is: because after the war in the Imjin year (the Japanese invasion), I have lost all my households and have nowhere to rely on, (I sell) the slave named Soli who is the third child of a slave, Kounji, who was passed down from her ancestors for our family to obtain.<br />
<br />
(The salve Soli) is sold for 4000 bills of currency. She will be obtained by Kilyŏn (as a slave or property)<br />
<br />
If there will be people from the same family disputing about this, this document can be used to inform the officials and correct the misleading. <br />
<br />
After the war, not only did I lose all my family properties, but I lost my seal. And I can’t reproduce another one in such a short time. <br />
<br />
So, I use my handprint as a seal. <br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 2 : Samuel Sai Hay Chan 陳世熙 진세희'''===<br />
<br />
A certificate to Slave Ki Yŏn on the 23th day of the 2nd month of the 22nd year of Wanli (The year of Kabo)<br />
<br />
This certificate is issued in regard to the followings: I, the woman, after the calamity in the year of Imjin, have lost all my family lands and suddenly had nothing upon which to depend. Because of survival needs and death threatening starvation, I am selling permanently Slave Sŏl I, the third child of Slave Ko Ŭm whom I inherited from my ancestors and who was born in the year of Kapcha, at the price of 4000 worth of paper money and have already paid up the said amount and completed the transaction. In the event of any future dispute among the offspring of my family, this certificate will be presented to the officials for adjudication. <br />
<br />
After the calamity [in the year of Imjin], I, the woman, have not only lost all my family lands but also my seal. I am not able to procure [a new seal] in time [for this certificate]. Therefore, I am using my hand print as a replacement. <br />
<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 3 : Younès M'Ghari'''===<br />
----<br />
Certifying document to slave Kiryôn (RR: Giryeon), the 23rd day of the 2nd month of the 22nd year of Wanli:<br />
<br />
The certifying document on the right side pertains to [the fact that] I myself have lost [my] family’s property and there is nothing I can rely upon after the Imjin [war]’s calamities... Because I am begging for necessaries of life and starving to death, I traded for the price of 4000 sheets of paper currency [my] female slave Sôri - third born child (in the year of jiazi (MR: kapcha, RR: gapja)) of [my] female slave Koûnji which I had inherited as my share from my ancestors.<br />
<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 4 : King Kwong Wong'''===<br />
----<br />
1縣接奴己年(左寸)<br />
<br />
2右謹陳所志矣段粘連文記相考斜給立案成給爲白只爲<br />
<br />
3行下向敎是事<br />
<br />
4官主處分<br />
<br />
The male slave of this county 己年.<br />
<br />
The attached for your reference is what I humbly requested. Please kindly copy it and create a file. To your subordinates, please instruct them about this matter.<br />
<br />
Processed by the magistrate.<br />
<br />
1萬曆二十二年甲午二月卄三日奴起連亦中明文<br />
<br />
2右明文爲臥乎事段女矣身亦壬辰焚蕩之後盡敗家莊頓無依託<br />
<br />
3焉乞資生飢死絃如祖上傳來衿得使喚爲如乎婢古音之三所生奴雪伊<br />
<br />
4年甲子生身乙 楮貨肆千張價乙依數交易捧上爲遣永永放賣爲去乎後<br />
<br />
5次良中矣同生子孫中相爭隅有去乙等此文記內意用良告官辨正爲乎矣<br />
<br />
6經亂之後女矣身亦盡敗家莊分不喩圖書至亦閪失爲遣趁時造備不得<br />
<br />
7此文記良中手掌爲有昆玆以後考爲乎事亦在<br />
<br />
The certificate to the male slave 起連 on the twenty-third day of the second month in the twenty-seocnd year,the Kabo (Gabo) year, of the Wanli reign.<br />
<br />
This certificate pertains to the following reason. I, after the fire and destruction in the year of Imjin, lost all my estates and suddenly had nothing to rely on. Because of the begging for living and hunger to death, I traded inherited from ancestors' share the private female slave 古音之's third-born male slave 雪伊's birth of one slave in the Kapja year for an amount equal to four thousands sheets of paper currency from him so that he can keep him at his disposal forever and ever. If the descendants from the same lineage of mine have any dispute, this written document should be presented to the officials to discern the validity of this transaction. After this turbulence, I lost not only all my estates but even my seal. At this time I did not have the means to prepare and create one. In this document, I printed my palm instead. <br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 5 : 신동조'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
1) This document is the certificate issued for 起連 on February 23, 1594. <br />
<br />
2) The reason why I create this certificate is related to my current situation: In the aftermath of the Hideyoshi's War, I have completely lost all my land and family properties so I have no place to reply upon. <br />
<br />
3) On the verge of continuous starvation, my female slave (born in the year of 甲子, 1564), 雪伊, the third born of a female slave, 高音之, who was inherited to me from my ancestors and kept as a servant, <br />
<br />
4) was traded with the goods equivalent to 楮貨 (bank draft?) four thousand. <br />
<br />
5) If my siblings and descendants would involve in a legal dispute one another in the future, you should appeal a decision to the court, using this certificate.<br />
<br />
6) After the war, I have lost not only my properties but also my seal. I cannot even afford a new seal.<br />
<br />
7) Hence, for this certificate, I use my hand print...<br />
<br />
==='''Student 6 : Stacey Lui'''===<br />
----<br />
(text) 1縣接奴己年(左寸)<br />
<br />
2右謹陳所志矣段粘連文記相考斜給立案成給爲白只爲<br />
<br />
3行下向敎是事<br />
<br />
Nobi Kinyon of the local county (finger ID)<br />
<br />
Herein, I kindly implore of you the reproduction of this original document. Please issue it to me.<br />
I await your process of my request [lit. please do this for me].<br />
Processed in the name of the magistrate.<br />
<br />
<br />
1萬曆二十二年甲午二月卄三日奴起連亦中明文<br />
<br />
2右明文爲臥乎事段女矣身亦壬辰焚蕩之後盡敗家莊頓無依託<br />
<br />
3焉乞資生飢死絃如祖上傳來衿得使喚爲如乎婢古音之三所生奴雪伊<br />
<br />
4年甲子生身乙 楮貨肆千張價乙依數交易捧上爲遣永永放賣爲去乎後<br />
<br />
5次良中矣同生子孫中相爭隅有去乙等此文記內意用良告官辨正爲乎矣<br />
<br />
6經亂之後女矣身亦盡敗家莊分不喩圖書至亦閪失爲遣趁時造備不得<br />
<br />
7此文記良中手掌爲有昆玆以後考爲乎事亦在<br />
<br />
Document addressed to nobi Kiyon, on the 22nd year of the reign of Emperor Wanli (1563-1620), Kabo, 2nd month, 23rd day<br />
<br />
What this document pertains to: I, in the aftermath of the Imjin catastrophe, completely lost my family's land. There is nothing I have to rely upon. Because all [my family] had to beg to make a living and starved, my male nobi Soli - the 3rd child borne of nobi Koumji who was obtained and passed down from my ancestors - will be exchanged for [the equivalent of] 4000 sheets of paper currency. He will be received and kept for eternity. Afterwards, if there are disputes among family members [lit. children of the same mother], the contents of this certificate should be reported to to the bureau for correction [of these issues]. Following the hardship of war, it is not that I have only lost my entire family property, but I have also lost my seal. In such time of urgency, I could not procure another. For this document, I have used my hand print.<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 7 : Russell Guilbault'''===<br />
----<br />
<br><br />
1. Slave [Xianjie]..... [left thumbprint]<br><br />
2. The request humbly expressed herein has been put down in this document, and copied and presented as an official request.<br><br />
3. Please order it done.<br><br />
4. Processed by magistrate<br><br />
5. Request of Wanli year 22, fourth month, [] day<br><br />
6. .... beginning of eighth month<br><br />
<br />
<br><br><br><br />
<br />
<br />
1. Wanli 22, 31st year [sexagenary], second month, 23rd day <br><br />
Certificate for the slave Gi-yeon <br><br />
2. This document is issued after the great fire of the 29th year. We have completely lost our homes and land, [and thus have nothing] to rely on. <br><br />
3. We beg for aid in living, and are dying from hunger. We have inherited the slave [Xueyi], third son born of the slave girl Goeum <br><br />
4. 1st year..... goods for a price of four thousand..... transacted according to(?) the amount..... sold off forever <br><br />
5. My descendants of the same birth(?) [i.e., born of the same parents?] vie among one another, so I issue this document to record my inner feelings, and properly instruct the officials to sort it out correctly <br><br />
6. After passing through this disaster, having completely lost our homes and land, ..... and lost, cannot seize this moment to prepare <br><br />
7. Holding this document, can hereafter check/examine (?) <br><br />
8. [I designate] the master of my property as Chung Ui-wi...... Ms. Gwon <br><br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 8 : Q'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
1萬曆二十二年甲午二月卄三日奴起連亦中明文<br />
Certificate to Kilyŏn, a slave. The twenty third day of the second month of Kabo year, 1594. <br />
<br />
2右明文爲臥乎事段女矣身亦壬辰焚蕩之後盡敗家莊頓無依託<br />
This document pertains to the following: <br />
In the disastrous aftermath of the Japanese Invasion of Imjin year, I lost all family properties and had no one to turn to for help.<br />
<br />
3焉乞資生飢死絃如祖上傳來衿得使喚爲如乎婢古音之三所生奴雪伊<br />
Subsisting on alms and starving to death continued [in my family], and I have sold Sŏri, my personal slave born in Kapcha year as the third child of Koŭmji, a female slave who I had inherited as my share from my parents, for goods equal in value to four thousand "chŏhwa" <br />
<br />
4年甲子生身乙 楮貨肆千張價乙依數交易捧上爲遣永永放賣爲去乎後<br />
<br />
5次良中矣同生子孫中相爭隅有去乙等此文記內意用良告官辨正爲乎矣<br />
<br />
6經亂之後女矣身亦盡敗家莊分不喩圖書至亦閪失爲遣趁時造備不得<br />
<br />
7此文記良中手掌爲有昆玆以後考爲乎事亦在<br />
<br />
---<br />
<br />
1縣接奴己年(左寸)<br />
<br />
Kinyŏn, a slave in the county. Digit trace, left.<br />
<br />
2右謹陳所志矣段粘連文記相考斜給立案成給爲白只爲<br />
<br />
By this document, I humbly request the production of copies and attachments and <br />
<br />
3行下向敎是事<br />
<br />
4官主處分<br />
<br />
5萬曆二十二年四月□日所志<br />
<br />
6[題辭]刑 初八日<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 9 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 10 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
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==='''Student 11 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
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*Discussion Questions:<br />
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==='''Student 12 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
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<br />
==='''Student 13 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 14 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop]]<br />
[[Category:Advanced Translation Group]]</div>Qhttp://dh.aks.ac.kr/jsg/index.php?title=(Translation)_%E8%90%AC%E6%9B%8622%E5%B9%B4_%E9%8E%AD%E5%B7%9D_%E7%AB%8B%E6%A1%88&diff=19082(Translation) 萬曆22年 鎭川 立案2019-07-16T02:37:57Z<p>Q: /* Student 8 : Q */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Primary Source Document3<br />
|Image = 만력22년갑오노기련역중명문001.jpg<br />
|English = <br />
|Chinese = 萬曆22年 鎭川 立案<br />
|Korean = 만력22년 진천 입안(''Iban'')<br />
|Genre = [[Old Documents]]<br />
|Type = <br />
|Author = <br />
|Year = <br />
|Source = <br />
|Key Concepts= <br />
|Translator = [[2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop (Advanced)#Participants | Participants of 2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop (Advanced Translation Group)]]<br />
|Editor = <br />
|Translation Year = 2019<br />
}}<br />
[[File:Backward.png|right|40px|link=2019_JSG_Summer_Hanmun_Workshop_(Advanced)#.282019.29Primary_Sources_for_Korean_Studies]]<br />
<gallery mode=packed heights=150px caption=><br />
File:만력22년갑오노기련역중명문002.jpg|萬曆22年 鎭川 立案(2)<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
<br />
=='''Introduction'''==<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''Original Script'''==<br />
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{|class="wikitable" style="width:90%; font-size:110%; color:#002080; background-color:#ffffff;"<br />
!style="width:40%;"|Classical Chinese || style="width:60%;"| English <br />
|-<br />
|<br />
(text) 1縣接奴己年(左寸)<br />
<br />
2右謹陳所志矣段粘連文記相考斜給立案成給爲白只爲<br />
<br />
3行下向敎是事<br />
<br />
4官主處分<br />
<br />
5萬曆二十二年四月□日所志<br />
<br />
6[題辭]刑 初八日<br />
---------------------------------------------------------------<br />
<br />
1萬曆二十二年甲午二月卄三日奴起連亦中明文<br />
<br />
2右明文爲臥乎事段女矣身亦壬辰焚蕩之後盡敗家莊頓無依託<br />
<br />
3焉乞資生飢死絃如祖上傳來衿得使喚爲如乎婢古音之三所生奴雪伊<br />
<br />
4年甲子生身乙 楮貨肆千張價乙依數交易捧上爲遣永永放賣爲去乎後<br />
<br />
5次良中矣同生子孫中相爭隅有去乙等此文記內意用良告官辨正爲乎矣<br />
<br />
6經亂之後女矣身亦盡敗家莊分不喩圖書至亦閪失爲遣趁時造備不得<br />
<br />
7此文記良中手掌爲有昆玆以後考爲乎事亦在<br />
<br />
8 財主故忠義衛閔雲吉妻權氏(手掌)<br />
<br />
9 證人同姓三寸姪忠義衛□權拭(着名 署押)<br />
<br />
10 筆執同生娚忠義衛□權恊(着名 署押)<br />
<br />
---------------------------------------------------------------<br />
<br />
1□□□□□□消息公緘<br />
<br />
2節公緘內某邊婢某乙某人處某事以放賣時某某人訂筆爲有臥乎喩記<br />
<br />
3下向事公緘是白有亦女矣身亦焚蕩以後連命爲難祖上傳來衿得婢<br />
<br />
4古音之三所生奴雪伊年甲子生身乙價折楮貨四千張價以交易爲遣奴起年<br />
<br />
5處後所生幷以永永放賣文記良中着手掌成置的只是齊訂人段<br />
<br />
6同姓三寸姪權拭筆執段同生娚權恊等以成置爲乎事<br />
<br />
7財主故忠義衛閔雲吉妻權氏 白(手掌)<br />
<br />
---------------------------------------------------------------<br />
<br />
1甲午四月日初八日權拭年□□權恊年<br />
<br />
2白等縣接奴起連狀以權氏處奴雪伊買得文記成置時<br />
<br />
3訂筆與否推考敎是臥乎在亦權拭以訂人權恊以筆執<br />
<br />
4爲等如右之良處納成置時各各隨參着名的只是乎事<br />
<br />
5官(押)<br />
<br />
6白 權<br />
<br />
7白 權<br />
<br />
---------------------------------------------------------------<br />
<br />
1萬曆二十二年四月日鎭川官立案<br />
<br />
2右立案爲斜給事課狀粘連文記及財主證筆各人等推考(招辭)<br />
<br />
3是置有亦本文記成(取)納相考爲乎喩萬曆七年己未二月長<br />
<br />
4娚權愊二妹許禋三妹筆執李命世四娚權恊五妹六娚權愉等<br />
<br />
5着名同腹和會成置文記季後內長娚權忠佐衛衿奴願山良<br />
<br />
6妻幷産二所生奴古音之是如他衿他田民幷付和會是齊向前<br />
<br />
7奴雪伊段婢高音之得後所生以本賤籍所付草用不得依他斜<br />
<br />
8給爲遣合行立案者.<br />
<br />
竹山縣監<br />
<br />
入蛹任能<br />
||<br />
(translation)<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
(text)<br />
||<br />
(translation)<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
(text)<br />
||<br />
(translation)<br />
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|}<br />
<br />
=='''Discussion Questions'''==<br />
#<br />
#<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''Further Readings'''==<br />
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</div><br />
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*<br />
*<br />
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=='''References'''==<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
=='''Translation'''==<br />
<br />
==='''(sample) : Jaeyoon Song'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 1 : Yishu Ma '''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
1萬曆二十二年甲午二月卄三日奴起連亦中明文<br />
<br />
2右明文爲臥乎事段女矣身亦壬辰焚蕩之後盡敗家莊頓無依託<br />
<br />
3焉乞資生飢死絃如祖上傳來衿得使喚爲如乎婢古音之三所生奴雪伊<br />
<br />
4年甲子生身乙 楮貨肆千張價乙依數交易捧上爲遣永永放賣爲去乎後<br />
<br />
5次良中矣同生子孫中相爭隅有去乙等此文記內意用良告官辨正爲乎矣<br />
<br />
6經亂之後女矣身亦盡敗家莊分不喩圖書至亦閪失爲遣趁時造備不得<br />
<br />
7此文記良中手掌爲有昆玆以後考爲乎事亦在<br />
<br />
Translation: <br />
The 22nd year of the reign of Emperor Wanli, the Kabo year, Fed. 23rd.<br />
<br />
This is a certificate to the slave, Kilyŏn.<br />
<br />
What this document pertains to is: because after the war in the Imjin year (the Japanese invasion), I have lost all my households and have nowhere to rely on, (I sell) the slave named Soli who is the third child of a slave, Kounji, who was passed down from her ancestors for our family to obtain.<br />
<br />
(The salve Soli) is sold for 4000 bills of currency. She will be obtained by Kilyŏn (as a slave or property)<br />
<br />
If there will be people from the same family disputing about this, this document can be used to inform the officials and correct the misleading. <br />
<br />
After the war, not only did I lose all my family properties, but I lost my seal. And I can’t reproduce another one in such a short time. <br />
<br />
So, I use my handprint as a seal. <br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 2 : Samuel Sai Hay Chan 陳世熙 진세희'''===<br />
<br />
A certificate to Slave Ki Yŏn on the 23th day of the 2nd month of the 22nd year of Wanli (The year of Kabo)<br />
<br />
This certificate is issued in regard to the followings: I, the woman, after the calamity in the year of Imjin, have lost all my family lands and suddenly had nothing upon which to depend. Because of survival needs and death threatening starvation, I am selling permanently Slave Sŏl I, the third child of Slave Ko Ŭm whom I inherited from my ancestors and who was born in the year of Kapcha, at the price of 4000 worth of paper money and have already paid up the said amount and completed the transaction. In the event of any future dispute among the offspring of my family, this certificate will be presented to the officials for adjudication. <br />
<br />
After the calamity [in the year of Imjin], I, the woman, have not only lost all my family lands but also my seal. I am not able to procure [a new seal] in time [for this certificate]. Therefore, I am using my hand print as a replacement. <br />
<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 3 : Younès M'Ghari'''===<br />
----<br />
Certifying document to slave Kiryôn (RR: Giryeon), the 23rd day of the 2nd month of the 22nd year of Wanli:<br />
<br />
The certifying document on the right side pertains to [the fact that] I myself have lost [my] family’s property and there is nothing I can rely upon after the Imjin [war]’s calamities... Because I am begging for necessaries of life and starving to death, I traded for the price of 4000 sheets of paper currency [my] female slave Sôri - third born child (in the year of jiazi (MR: kapcha, RR: gapja)) of [my] female slave Koûnji which I had inherited as my share from my ancestors.<br />
<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 4 : King Kwong Wong'''===<br />
----<br />
1萬曆二十二年甲午二月卄三日奴起連亦中明文<br />
<br />
2右明文爲臥乎事段女矣身亦壬辰焚蕩之後盡敗家莊頓無依託<br />
<br />
3焉乞資生飢死絃如祖上傳來衿得使喚爲如乎婢古音之三所生奴雪伊<br />
<br />
4年甲子生身乙 楮貨肆千張價乙依數交易捧上爲遣永永放賣爲去乎後<br />
<br />
5次良中矣同生子孫中相爭隅有去乙等此文記內意用良告官辨正爲乎矣<br />
<br />
6經亂之後女矣身亦盡敗家莊分不喩圖書至亦閪失爲遣趁時造備不得<br />
<br />
7此文記良中手掌爲有昆玆以後考爲乎事亦在<br />
<br />
The certificate to the male slave 起連 on the twenty-third day of the second month in the twenty-seocnd year,the Kabo (Gabo) year, of the Wanli reign.<br />
<br />
This certificate pertains to the following reason. I, after the fire and destruction in the year of Imjin, lost all my estates and suddenly had nothing to rely on. Because of the begging for living and hunger to death, I traded inherited from ancestors' share the private female slave 古音之's third-born male slave 雪伊's birth of one slave in the Kapja year for an amount equal to four thousands sheets of paper currency from him so that he can keep him at his disposal forever and ever. If the descendants from the same lineage of mine have any dispute, this written document should be presented to the officials to discern the validity of this transaction. After this turbulence, I lost not only all my estates but even my seal. At this time I did not have the means to prepare and create one. In this document, I printed my palm instead. <br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 5 : 신동조'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
1) This document is the certificate issued for 起連 on February 23, 1594. <br />
<br />
2) The reason why I create this certificate is related to my current situation: In the aftermath of the Hideyoshi's War, I have completely lost all my land and family properties so I have no place to reply upon. <br />
<br />
3) On the verge of continuous starvation, my female slave (born in the year of 甲子, 1564), 雪伊, the third born of a female slave, 高音之, who was inherited to me from my ancestors and kept as a servant, <br />
<br />
4) was traded with the goods equivalent to 楮貨 (bank draft?) four thousand. <br />
<br />
5) If my siblings and descendants would involve in a legal dispute one another in the future, you should appeal a decision to the court, using this certificate.<br />
<br />
6) After the war, I have lost not only my properties but also my seal. I cannot even afford a new seal.<br />
<br />
7) Hence, for this certificate, I use my hand print...<br />
<br />
==='''Student 6 : Stacey Lui'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
1萬曆二十二年甲午二月卄三日奴起連亦中明文<br />
<br />
2右明文爲臥乎事段女矣身亦壬辰焚蕩之後盡敗家莊頓無依託<br />
<br />
3焉乞資生飢死絃如祖上傳來衿得使喚爲如乎婢古音之三所生奴雪伊<br />
<br />
4年甲子生身乙 楮貨肆千張價乙依數交易捧上爲遣永永放賣爲去乎後<br />
<br />
5次良中矣同生子孫中相爭隅有去乙等此文記內意用良告官辨正爲乎矣<br />
<br />
6經亂之後女矣身亦盡敗家莊分不喩圖書至亦閪失爲遣趁時造備不得<br />
<br />
7此文記良中手掌爲有昆玆以後考爲乎事亦在<br />
<br />
Document addressed to nobi Kiyon, on the 22nd year of the reign of Emperor Wanli (1563-1620), Kabo, 2nd month, 23rd day<br />
<br />
What this document pertains to: I, in the aftermath of the Imjin catastrophe, completely lost my family's land. There is nothing I have to rely upon. Because all [my family] had to beg to make a living and starved, my male nobi Soli - the 3rd child borne of nobi Koumji who was obtained and passed down from my ancestors - will be exchanged for [the equivalent of] 4000 sheets of paper currency. He will be received and kept for eternity. Afterwards, if there are disputes among family members [lit. children of the same mother], the contents of this certificate should be reported to to the bureau for correction [of these issues]. Following the hardship of war, it is not that I have only lost my entire family property, but I have also lost my seal. In such time of urgency, I could not procure another. For this document, I have used my hand print.<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 7 : Russell Guilbault'''===<br />
----<br />
<br><br />
1. Slave [Xianjie]..... [left thumbprint]<br><br />
2. The request humbly expressed herein has been put down in this document, and copied and presented as an official request.<br><br />
3. Please order it done.<br><br />
4. Processed by magistrate<br><br />
5. Request of Wanli year 22, fourth month, [] day<br><br />
6. .... beginning of eighth month<br><br />
<br />
<br><br><br><br />
<br />
<br />
1. Wanli 22, 31st year [sexagenary], second month, 23rd day <br><br />
Certificate for the slave Gi-yeon <br><br />
2. This document is issued after the great fire of the 29th year. We have completely lost our homes and land, [and thus have nothing] to rely on. <br><br />
3. We beg for aid in living, and are dying from hunger. We have inherited the slave [Xueyi], third son born of the slave girl Goeum <br><br />
4. 1st year..... goods for a price of four thousand..... transacted according to(?) the amount..... sold off forever <br><br />
5. My descendants of the same birth(?) [i.e., born of the same parents?] vie among one another, so I issue this document to record my inner feelings, and properly instruct the officials to sort it out correctly <br><br />
6. After passing through this disaster, having completely lost our homes and land, ..... and lost, cannot seize this moment to prepare <br><br />
7. Holding this document, can hereafter check/examine (?) <br><br />
8. [I designate] the master of my property as Chung Ui-wi...... Ms. Gwon <br><br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 8 : Q'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
1萬曆二十二年甲午二月卄三日奴起連亦中明文<br />
Certificate to Kilyŏn, a slave. The twenty third day of the second month of Kabo year, 1594. <br />
<br />
2右明文爲臥乎事段女矣身亦壬辰焚蕩之後盡敗家莊頓無依託<br />
This document pertains to the following: <br />
In the disastrous aftermath of the Japanese Invasion of Imjin year, I lost all family properties and had no one to turn to for help.<br />
<br />
3焉乞資生飢死絃如祖上傳來衿得使喚爲如乎婢古音之三所生奴雪伊<br />
Subsisting on alms and starving to death continued [in my family], and I have sold Sŏri, my personal slave born in Kapcha year as the third child of Koŭmji, a female slave who I had inherited as my share from my parents, for goods equal in value to four thousand "chŏhwa" <br />
<br />
4年甲子生身乙 楮貨肆千張價乙依數交易捧上爲遣永永放賣爲去乎後<br />
<br />
5次良中矣同生子孫中相爭隅有去乙等此文記內意用良告官辨正爲乎矣<br />
<br />
6經亂之後女矣身亦盡敗家莊分不喩圖書至亦閪失爲遣趁時造備不得<br />
<br />
7此文記良中手掌爲有昆玆以後考爲乎事亦在<br />
<br />
---<br />
<br />
1縣接奴己年(左寸)<br />
<br />
Kinyŏn, a slave in the county. Digit trace, left.<br />
<br />
2右謹陳所志矣段粘連文記相考斜給立案成給爲白只爲<br />
<br />
3行下向敎是事<br />
<br />
4官主處分<br />
<br />
5萬曆二十二年四月□日所志<br />
<br />
6[題辭]刑 初八日<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 9 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 10 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 11 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 12 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 13 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 14 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop]]<br />
[[Category:Advanced Translation Group]]</div>Qhttp://dh.aks.ac.kr/jsg/index.php?title=(Translation)_%E8%90%AC%E6%9B%8622%E5%B9%B4_%E9%8E%AD%E5%B7%9D_%E7%AB%8B%E6%A1%88&diff=19081(Translation) 萬曆22年 鎭川 立案2019-07-16T02:37:22Z<p>Q: /* Student 8 : Q */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Primary Source Document3<br />
|Image = 만력22년갑오노기련역중명문001.jpg<br />
|English = <br />
|Chinese = 萬曆22年 鎭川 立案<br />
|Korean = 만력22년 진천 입안(''Iban'')<br />
|Genre = [[Old Documents]]<br />
|Type = <br />
|Author = <br />
|Year = <br />
|Source = <br />
|Key Concepts= <br />
|Translator = [[2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop (Advanced)#Participants | Participants of 2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop (Advanced Translation Group)]]<br />
|Editor = <br />
|Translation Year = 2019<br />
}}<br />
[[File:Backward.png|right|40px|link=2019_JSG_Summer_Hanmun_Workshop_(Advanced)#.282019.29Primary_Sources_for_Korean_Studies]]<br />
<gallery mode=packed heights=150px caption=><br />
File:만력22년갑오노기련역중명문002.jpg|萬曆22年 鎭川 立案(2)<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
<br />
=='''Introduction'''==<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''Original Script'''==<br />
<br />
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{|class="wikitable" style="width:90%; font-size:110%; color:#002080; background-color:#ffffff;"<br />
!style="width:40%;"|Classical Chinese || style="width:60%;"| English <br />
|-<br />
|<br />
(text) 1縣接奴己年(左寸)<br />
<br />
2右謹陳所志矣段粘連文記相考斜給立案成給爲白只爲<br />
<br />
3行下向敎是事<br />
<br />
4官主處分<br />
<br />
5萬曆二十二年四月□日所志<br />
<br />
6[題辭]刑 初八日<br />
---------------------------------------------------------------<br />
<br />
1萬曆二十二年甲午二月卄三日奴起連亦中明文<br />
<br />
2右明文爲臥乎事段女矣身亦壬辰焚蕩之後盡敗家莊頓無依託<br />
<br />
3焉乞資生飢死絃如祖上傳來衿得使喚爲如乎婢古音之三所生奴雪伊<br />
<br />
4年甲子生身乙 楮貨肆千張價乙依數交易捧上爲遣永永放賣爲去乎後<br />
<br />
5次良中矣同生子孫中相爭隅有去乙等此文記內意用良告官辨正爲乎矣<br />
<br />
6經亂之後女矣身亦盡敗家莊分不喩圖書至亦閪失爲遣趁時造備不得<br />
<br />
7此文記良中手掌爲有昆玆以後考爲乎事亦在<br />
<br />
8 財主故忠義衛閔雲吉妻權氏(手掌)<br />
<br />
9 證人同姓三寸姪忠義衛□權拭(着名 署押)<br />
<br />
10 筆執同生娚忠義衛□權恊(着名 署押)<br />
<br />
---------------------------------------------------------------<br />
<br />
1□□□□□□消息公緘<br />
<br />
2節公緘內某邊婢某乙某人處某事以放賣時某某人訂筆爲有臥乎喩記<br />
<br />
3下向事公緘是白有亦女矣身亦焚蕩以後連命爲難祖上傳來衿得婢<br />
<br />
4古音之三所生奴雪伊年甲子生身乙價折楮貨四千張價以交易爲遣奴起年<br />
<br />
5處後所生幷以永永放賣文記良中着手掌成置的只是齊訂人段<br />
<br />
6同姓三寸姪權拭筆執段同生娚權恊等以成置爲乎事<br />
<br />
7財主故忠義衛閔雲吉妻權氏 白(手掌)<br />
<br />
---------------------------------------------------------------<br />
<br />
1甲午四月日初八日權拭年□□權恊年<br />
<br />
2白等縣接奴起連狀以權氏處奴雪伊買得文記成置時<br />
<br />
3訂筆與否推考敎是臥乎在亦權拭以訂人權恊以筆執<br />
<br />
4爲等如右之良處納成置時各各隨參着名的只是乎事<br />
<br />
5官(押)<br />
<br />
6白 權<br />
<br />
7白 權<br />
<br />
---------------------------------------------------------------<br />
<br />
1萬曆二十二年四月日鎭川官立案<br />
<br />
2右立案爲斜給事課狀粘連文記及財主證筆各人等推考(招辭)<br />
<br />
3是置有亦本文記成(取)納相考爲乎喩萬曆七年己未二月長<br />
<br />
4娚權愊二妹許禋三妹筆執李命世四娚權恊五妹六娚權愉等<br />
<br />
5着名同腹和會成置文記季後內長娚權忠佐衛衿奴願山良<br />
<br />
6妻幷産二所生奴古音之是如他衿他田民幷付和會是齊向前<br />
<br />
7奴雪伊段婢高音之得後所生以本賤籍所付草用不得依他斜<br />
<br />
8給爲遣合行立案者.<br />
<br />
竹山縣監<br />
<br />
入蛹任能<br />
||<br />
(translation)<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
(text)<br />
||<br />
(translation)<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
(text)<br />
||<br />
(translation)<br />
<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=='''Discussion Questions'''==<br />
#<br />
#<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''Further Readings'''==<br />
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*<br />
*<br />
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=='''References'''==<br />
<references/><br />
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=='''Translation'''==<br />
<br />
==='''(sample) : Jaeyoon Song'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 1 : Yishu Ma '''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
1萬曆二十二年甲午二月卄三日奴起連亦中明文<br />
<br />
2右明文爲臥乎事段女矣身亦壬辰焚蕩之後盡敗家莊頓無依託<br />
<br />
3焉乞資生飢死絃如祖上傳來衿得使喚爲如乎婢古音之三所生奴雪伊<br />
<br />
4年甲子生身乙 楮貨肆千張價乙依數交易捧上爲遣永永放賣爲去乎後<br />
<br />
5次良中矣同生子孫中相爭隅有去乙等此文記內意用良告官辨正爲乎矣<br />
<br />
6經亂之後女矣身亦盡敗家莊分不喩圖書至亦閪失爲遣趁時造備不得<br />
<br />
7此文記良中手掌爲有昆玆以後考爲乎事亦在<br />
<br />
Translation: <br />
The 22nd year of the reign of Emperor Wanli, the Kabo year, Fed. 23rd.<br />
<br />
This is a certificate to the slave, Kilyŏn.<br />
<br />
What this document pertains to is: because after the war in the Imjin year (the Japanese invasion), I have lost all my households and have nowhere to rely on, (I sell) the slave named Soli who is the third child of a slave, Kounji, who was passed down from her ancestors for our family to obtain.<br />
<br />
(The salve Soli) is sold for 4000 bills of currency. She will be obtained by Kilyŏn (as a slave or property)<br />
<br />
If there will be people from the same family disputing about this, this document can be used to inform the officials and correct the misleading. <br />
<br />
After the war, not only did I lose all my family properties, but I lost my seal. And I can’t reproduce another one in such a short time. <br />
<br />
So, I use my handprint as a seal. <br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 2 : Samuel Sai Hay Chan 陳世熙 진세희'''===<br />
<br />
A certificate to Slave Ki Yŏn on the 23th day of the 2nd month of the 22nd year of Wanli (The year of Kabo)<br />
<br />
This certificate is issued in regard to the followings: I, the woman, after the calamity in the year of Imjin, have lost all my family lands and suddenly had nothing upon which to depend. Because of survival needs and death threatening starvation, I am selling permanently Slave Sŏl I, the third child of Slave Ko Ŭm whom I inherited from my ancestors and who was born in the year of Kapcha, at the price of 4000 worth of paper money and have already paid up the said amount and completed the transaction. In the event of any future dispute among the offspring of my family, this certificate will be presented to the officials for adjudication. <br />
<br />
After the calamity [in the year of Imjin], I, the woman, have not only lost all my family lands but also my seal. I am not able to procure [a new seal] in time [for this certificate]. Therefore, I am using my hand print as a replacement. <br />
<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 3 : Younès M'Ghari'''===<br />
----<br />
Certifying document to slave Kiryôn (RR: Giryeon), the 23rd day of the 2nd month of the 22nd year of Wanli:<br />
<br />
The certifying document on the right side pertains to [the fact that] I myself have lost [my] family’s property and there is nothing I can rely upon after the Imjin [war]’s calamities... Because I am begging for necessaries of life and starving to death, I traded for the price of 4000 sheets of paper currency [my] female slave Sôri - third born child (in the year of jiazi (MR: kapcha, RR: gapja)) of [my] female slave Koûnji which I had inherited as my share from my ancestors.<br />
<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 4 : King Kwong Wong'''===<br />
----<br />
1萬曆二十二年甲午二月卄三日奴起連亦中明文<br />
<br />
2右明文爲臥乎事段女矣身亦壬辰焚蕩之後盡敗家莊頓無依託<br />
<br />
3焉乞資生飢死絃如祖上傳來衿得使喚爲如乎婢古音之三所生奴雪伊<br />
<br />
4年甲子生身乙 楮貨肆千張價乙依數交易捧上爲遣永永放賣爲去乎後<br />
<br />
5次良中矣同生子孫中相爭隅有去乙等此文記內意用良告官辨正爲乎矣<br />
<br />
6經亂之後女矣身亦盡敗家莊分不喩圖書至亦閪失爲遣趁時造備不得<br />
<br />
7此文記良中手掌爲有昆玆以後考爲乎事亦在<br />
<br />
The certificate to the male slave 起連 on the twenty-third day of the second month in the twenty-seocnd year,the Kabo (Gabo) year, of the Wanli reign.<br />
<br />
This certificate pertains to the following reason. I, after the fire and destruction in the year of Imjin, lost all my estates and suddenly had nothing to rely on. Because of the begging for living and hunger to death, I traded inherited from ancestors' share the private female slave 古音之's third-born male slave 雪伊's birth of one slave in the Kapja year for an amount equal to four thousands sheets of paper currency from him so that he can keep him at his disposal forever and ever. If the descendants from the same lineage of mine have any dispute, this written document should be presented to the officials to discern the validity of this transaction. After this turbulence, I lost not only all my estates but even my seal. At this time I did not have the means to prepare and create one. In this document, I printed my palm instead. <br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 5 : 신동조'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
1) This document is the certificate issued for 起連 on February 23, 1594. <br />
<br />
2) The reason why I create this certificate is related to my current situation: In the aftermath of the Hideyoshi's War, I have completely lost all my land and family properties so I have no place to reply upon. <br />
<br />
3) On the verge of continuous starvation, my female slave (born in the year of 甲子, 1564), 雪伊, the third born of a female slave, 高音之, who was inherited to me from my ancestors and kept as a servant, <br />
<br />
4) was traded with the goods equivalent to 楮貨 (bank draft?) four thousand. <br />
<br />
5) If my siblings and descendants would involve in a legal dispute one another in the future, you should appeal a decision to the court, using this certificate.<br />
<br />
6) After the war, I have lost not only my properties but also my seal. I cannot even afford a new seal.<br />
<br />
7) Hence, for this certificate, I use my hand print...<br />
<br />
==='''Student 6 : Stacey Lui'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
1萬曆二十二年甲午二月卄三日奴起連亦中明文<br />
<br />
2右明文爲臥乎事段女矣身亦壬辰焚蕩之後盡敗家莊頓無依託<br />
<br />
3焉乞資生飢死絃如祖上傳來衿得使喚爲如乎婢古音之三所生奴雪伊<br />
<br />
4年甲子生身乙 楮貨肆千張價乙依數交易捧上爲遣永永放賣爲去乎後<br />
<br />
5次良中矣同生子孫中相爭隅有去乙等此文記內意用良告官辨正爲乎矣<br />
<br />
6經亂之後女矣身亦盡敗家莊分不喩圖書至亦閪失爲遣趁時造備不得<br />
<br />
7此文記良中手掌爲有昆玆以後考爲乎事亦在<br />
<br />
Document addressed to nobi Kiyon, on the 22nd year of the reign of Emperor Wanli (1563-1620), Kabo, 2nd month, 23rd day<br />
<br />
What this document pertains to: I, in the aftermath of the Imjin catastrophe, completely lost my family's land. There is nothing I have to rely upon. Because all [my family] had to beg to make a living and starved, my male nobi Soli - the 3rd child borne of nobi Koumji who was obtained and passed down from my ancestors - will be exchanged for [the equivalent of] 4000 sheets of paper currency. He will be received and kept for eternity. Afterwards, if there are disputes among family members [lit. children of the same mother], the contents of this certificate should be reported to to the bureau for correction [of these issues]. Following the hardship of war, it is not that I have only lost my entire family property, but I have also lost my seal. In such time of urgency, I could not procure another. For this document, I have used my hand print.<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 7 : Russell Guilbault'''===<br />
----<br />
<br><br />
1. Slave [Xianjie]..... [left thumbprint]<br><br />
2. The request humbly expressed herein has been put down in this document, and copied and presented as an official request.<br><br />
3. Please order it done.<br><br />
4. Processed by magistrate<br><br />
5. Request of Wanli year 22, fourth month, [] day<br><br />
6. .... beginning of eighth month<br><br />
<br />
<br><br><br><br />
<br />
<br />
1. Wanli 22, 31st year [sexagenary], second month, 23rd day <br><br />
Certificate for the slave Gi-yeon <br><br />
2. This document is issued after the great fire of the 29th year. We have completely lost our homes and land, [and thus have nothing] to rely on. <br><br />
3. We beg for aid in living, and are dying from hunger. We have inherited the slave [Xueyi], third son born of the slave girl Goeum <br><br />
4. 1st year..... goods for a price of four thousand..... transacted according to(?) the amount..... sold off forever <br><br />
5. My descendants of the same birth(?) [i.e., born of the same parents?] vie among one another, so I issue this document to record my inner feelings, and properly instruct the officials to sort it out correctly <br><br />
6. After passing through this disaster, having completely lost our homes and land, ..... and lost, cannot seize this moment to prepare <br><br />
7. Holding this document, can hereafter check/examine (?) <br><br />
8. [I designate] the master of my property as Chung Ui-wi...... Ms. Gwon <br><br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 8 : Q'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
1萬曆二十二年甲午二月卄三日奴起連亦中明文<br />
Certificate to Kilyŏn, a slave. The twenty third day of the second month of Kabo year, 1594. <br />
<br />
2右明文爲臥乎事段女矣身亦壬辰焚蕩之後盡敗家莊頓無依託<br />
This document pertains to the following: <br />
In the disastrous aftermath of the Japanese Invasion of Imjin year, I lost all family properties and had no one to turn to for help.<br />
<br />
3焉乞資生飢死絃如祖上傳來衿得使喚爲如乎婢古音之三所生奴雪伊<br />
Subsisting on alms and starving to death continued [in my family], and I have sold Sŏri, my personal slave born in Kapcha year as the third child of Koŭmji, a female slave who I had inherited as my share from my parents, for goods equal in value to four thousand "chŏhwa" <br />
<br />
4年甲子生身乙 楮貨肆千張價乙依數交易捧上爲遣永永放賣爲去乎後<br />
<br />
5次良中矣同生子孫中相爭隅有去乙等此文記內意用良告官辨正爲乎矣<br />
<br />
6經亂之後女矣身亦盡敗家莊分不喩圖書至亦閪失爲遣趁時造備不得<br />
<br />
7此文記良中手掌爲有昆玆以後考爲乎事亦在<br />
<br />
---<br />
<br />
1縣接奴己年(左寸)<br />
Kinyŏn, a slave in the county. Digit trace, left.<br />
<br />
2右謹陳所志矣段粘連文記相考斜給立案成給爲白只爲<br />
<br />
3行下向敎是事<br />
<br />
4官主處分<br />
<br />
5萬曆二十二年四月□日所志<br />
<br />
6[題辭]刑 初八日<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 9 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 10 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 11 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 12 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 13 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 14 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop]]<br />
[[Category:Advanced Translation Group]]</div>Qhttp://dh.aks.ac.kr/jsg/index.php?title=(Translation)_%E8%90%AC%E6%9B%8622%E5%B9%B4_%E9%8E%AD%E5%B7%9D_%E7%AB%8B%E6%A1%88&diff=19065(Translation) 萬曆22年 鎭川 立案2019-07-16T02:16:50Z<p>Q: /* Student 8 : Q */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Primary Source Document3<br />
|Image = 만력22년갑오노기련역중명문001.jpg<br />
|English = <br />
|Chinese = 萬曆22年 鎭川 立案<br />
|Korean = 만력22년 진천 입안(''Iban'')<br />
|Genre = [[Old Documents]]<br />
|Type = <br />
|Author = <br />
|Year = <br />
|Source = <br />
|Key Concepts= <br />
|Translator = [[2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop (Advanced)#Participants | Participants of 2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop (Advanced Translation Group)]]<br />
|Editor = <br />
|Translation Year = 2019<br />
}}<br />
[[File:Backward.png|right|40px|link=2019_JSG_Summer_Hanmun_Workshop_(Advanced)#.282019.29Primary_Sources_for_Korean_Studies]]<br />
<gallery mode=packed heights=150px caption=><br />
File:만력22년갑오노기련역중명문002.jpg|萬曆22年 鎭川 立案(2)<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
<br />
=='''Introduction'''==<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''Original Script'''==<br />
<br />
<br />
{|class="wikitable" style="width:90%; font-size:110%; color:#002080; background-color:#ffffff;"<br />
!style="width:40%;"|Classical Chinese || style="width:60%;"| English <br />
|-<br />
|<br />
(text) 1縣接奴己年(左寸)<br />
<br />
2右謹陳所志矣段粘連文記相考斜給立案成給爲白只爲<br />
<br />
3行下向敎是事<br />
<br />
4官主處分<br />
<br />
5萬曆二十二年四月□日所志<br />
<br />
6[題辭]刑 初八日<br />
---------------------------------------------------------------<br />
<br />
1萬曆二十二年甲午二月卄三日奴起連亦中明文<br />
<br />
2右明文爲臥乎事段女矣身亦壬辰焚蕩之後盡敗家莊頓無依託<br />
<br />
3焉乞資生飢死絃如祖上傳來衿得使喚爲如乎婢古音之三所生奴雪伊<br />
<br />
4年甲子生身乙 楮貨肆千張價乙依數交易捧上爲遣永永放賣爲去乎後<br />
<br />
5次良中矣同生子孫中相爭隅有去乙等此文記內意用良告官辨正爲乎矣<br />
<br />
6經亂之後女矣身亦盡敗家莊分不喩圖書至亦閪失爲遣趁時造備不得<br />
<br />
7此文記良中手掌爲有昆玆以後考爲乎事亦在<br />
<br />
8 財主故忠義衛閔雲吉妻權氏(手掌)<br />
<br />
9 證人同姓三寸姪忠義衛□權拭(着名 署押)<br />
<br />
10 筆執同生娚忠義衛□權恊(着名 署押)<br />
<br />
---------------------------------------------------------------<br />
<br />
1□□□□□□消息公緘<br />
<br />
2節公緘內某邊婢某乙某人處某事以放賣時某某人訂筆爲有臥乎喩記<br />
<br />
3下向事公緘是白有亦女矣身亦焚蕩以後連命爲難祖上傳來衿得婢<br />
<br />
4古音之三所生奴雪伊年甲子生身乙價折楮貨四千張價以交易爲遣奴起年<br />
<br />
5處後所生幷以永永放賣文記良中着手掌成置的只是齊訂人段<br />
<br />
6同姓三寸姪權拭筆執段同生娚權恊等以成置爲乎事<br />
<br />
7財主故忠義衛閔雲吉妻權氏 白(手掌)<br />
<br />
---------------------------------------------------------------<br />
<br />
1甲午四月日初八日權拭年□□權恊年<br />
<br />
2白等縣接奴起連狀以權氏處奴雪伊買得文記成置時<br />
<br />
3訂筆與否推考敎是臥乎在亦權拭以訂人權恊以筆執<br />
<br />
4爲等如右之良處納成置時各各隨參着名的只是乎事<br />
<br />
5官(押)<br />
<br />
6白 權<br />
<br />
7白 權<br />
<br />
---------------------------------------------------------------<br />
<br />
1萬曆二十二年四月日鎭川官立案<br />
<br />
2右立案爲斜給事課狀粘連文記及財主證筆各人等推考(招辭)<br />
<br />
3是置有亦本文記成(取)納相考爲乎喩萬曆七年己未二月長<br />
<br />
4娚權愊二妹許禋三妹筆執李命世四娚權恊五妹六娚權愉等<br />
<br />
5着名同腹和會成置文記季後內長娚權忠佐衛衿奴願山良<br />
<br />
6妻幷産二所生奴古音之是如他衿他田民幷付和會是齊向前<br />
<br />
7奴雪伊段婢高音之得後所生以本賤籍所付草用不得依他斜<br />
<br />
8給爲遣合行立案者.<br />
<br />
竹山縣監<br />
<br />
入蛹任能<br />
||<br />
(translation)<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
(text)<br />
||<br />
(translation)<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
(text)<br />
||<br />
(translation)<br />
<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=='''Discussion Questions'''==<br />
#<br />
#<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''Further Readings'''==<br />
<!--<br />
<div style="color:#008080;"><br />
* View together with '''~~'''.<br />
</div><br />
--><br />
*<br />
*<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''References'''==<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
=='''Translation'''==<br />
<br />
==='''(sample) : Jaeyoon Song'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 1 : Yishu Ma '''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
<br />
The 22nd year of the reign of Emperor Wanli, the Kabo year, Fed. 23rd.<br />
<br />
This is a certificate to the slave, Kilyŏn.<br />
<br />
What this document pertains to is that because after the war in the Imjin year (the Japanese invasion), I have lost all my households and have nowhere to rely on. <br />
<br />
(So, I sell) the slave named Soli who is the third child of a slave, Kounji, who was passed down from her ancestors for our family to obtain.<br />
<br />
(The salve Soli) is sold for 4000 bills of currency. She will be obtained by Kilyŏn (as a slave or property)<br />
<br />
If there will be people from the same family disputing about this, this document can be used to inform the officials and correct the misleading. <br />
<br />
After the war, not only did I lose all my family properties, but I lost my seal. And I can’t reproduce another one in such a short time. <br />
<br />
So, I use my handprint as a seal. <br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 2 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 3 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 4 : King Kwong Wong'''===<br />
----<br />
1萬曆二十二年甲午二月卄三日奴起連亦中明文<br />
<br />
2右明文爲臥乎事段女矣身亦壬辰焚蕩之後盡敗家莊頓無依託<br />
<br />
3焉乞資生飢死絃如祖上傳來衿得使喚爲如乎婢古音之三所生奴雪伊<br />
<br />
4年甲子生身乙 楮貨肆千張價乙依數交易捧上爲遣永永放賣爲去乎後<br />
<br />
5次良中矣同生子孫中相爭隅有去乙等此文記內意用良告官辨正爲乎矣<br />
<br />
6經亂之後女矣身亦盡敗家莊分不喩圖書至亦閪失爲遣趁時造備不得<br />
<br />
7此文記良中手掌爲有昆玆以後考爲乎事亦在<br />
<br />
The twenty-seocnd year of the Wanli reign, the 甲午 year, the 23rd day of the second month, the certificate to the male slave 起連.<br />
This certification pertains to the following reason. I, after the fire and destruction in the year of Imjin, lost all my estates and suddenly had nothing to rely on. Because of the begging for living and hunger to death, I traded inherited from ancestors' share the private female slave 古音之's third-born male slave 雪伊's birth of one slave in the Kapja year for an amount equal to four thousands sheets of paper currency from him for his use forever and ever. If the descendants from the same lineage of mine have any dispute, this written document should be presented to the officials to discern the validity of this transaction. After this turbulence, I lost not only all my estates but even my seal. At this time I did not have the means to prepare and create one. In this document, I printed my palm instead. <br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 5 : 신동조'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
1) This document is the certificate issued for 起連 on February 23, 1594. <br />
<br />
2) The reason why I create this certificate is related to my current situation: In the aftermath of the Hideyoshi's War, I have completely lost all my land and family properties so I have no place to reply upon. <br />
<br />
3) On the verge of continuous starvation, my female slave (born in the year of 甲子, 1564), 雪伊, the third born of a female slave, 高音之, who was inherited to me from my ancestors and kept as a servant, <br />
<br />
4) was traded with the goods equivalent to 楮貨 (bank draft?) four thousand. <br />
<br />
5) If my siblings and descendants would involve in a legal dispute one another in the future, you should appeal a decision to the court, using this certificate.<br />
<br />
6) After the war, I have lost not only my properties but also my seal. I cannot even afford a new seal.<br />
<br />
7) Hence, for this certificate, I use my hand print...<br />
<br />
==='''Student 6 : Stacey Lui'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
1萬曆二十二年甲午二月卄三日奴起連亦中明文<br />
<br />
2右明文爲臥乎事段女矣身亦壬辰焚蕩之後盡敗家莊頓無依託<br />
<br />
3焉乞資生飢死絃如祖上傳來衿得使喚爲如乎婢古音之三所生奴雪伊<br />
<br />
4年甲子生身乙 楮貨肆千張價乙依數交易捧上爲遣永永放賣爲去乎後<br />
<br />
5次良中矣同生子孫中相爭隅有去乙等此文記內意用良告官辨正爲乎矣<br />
<br />
6經亂之後女矣身亦盡敗家莊分不喩圖書至亦閪失爲遣趁時造備不得<br />
<br />
7此文記良中手掌爲有昆玆以後考爲乎事亦在<br />
<br />
Document addressed to nobi Kiyon, on the 22nd year of the reign of Emperor Wanli (1563-1620), Kabo, 2nd month, 23rd day<br />
<br />
What this document pertains to: I, in the aftermath of the Imjin catastrophe, completely lost my family's land. There is nothing I have to rely upon. Because all [my family] had to beg to make a living and starved, my male nobi Soli - the 3rd child borne of nobi Koumji who was obtained and passed down from my ancestors - will be exchanged for [the equivalent of] 4000 sheets of paper currency. He will be received and kept for eternity. Afterwards, if there are disputes among family members [lit. children of the same mother], the contents of this certificate should be reported to to the bureau for correction [of these issues]. Following the hardship of war, it is not that I have only lost my entire family property, but I have also lost my seal. In such time of urgency, I could not procure another. For this document, I have used my hand print.<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 7 : Russell Guilbault'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
1. Wanli 22, 31st year [sexagenary], second month, 23rd day <br><br />
Certificate for the slave Gi-yeon <br><br />
2. This document is issued after the great fire of the 29th year. We have completely lost our homes and land, [and thus have nothing] to rely on. <br><br />
3. We beg for aid in living, and are dying from hunger. We have inherited the slave [Xueyi], third son born of the slave girl Goeum <br><br />
4. 1st year..... goods for a price of four thousand..... transacted according to(?) the amount..... sold off forever <br><br />
5. My descendants of the same birth(?) [i.e., born of the same parents?] vie among one another, so I issue this document to record my inner feelings, and properly instruct the officials to sort it out correctly <br><br />
6. After passing through this disaster, having completely lost our homes and land, ..... and lost, cannot seize this moment to prepare <br><br />
7. Holding this document, can hereafter check/examine (?) <br><br />
8. [I designate] the master of my property as Chung Ui-wi...... Ms. Gwon <br><br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 8 : Q'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
1萬曆二十二年甲午二月卄三日奴起連亦中明文<br />
Certificate to Kilyŏn, a slave. The twenty third day of the second month of Kabo year, 1594. <br />
<br />
2右明文爲臥乎事段女矣身亦壬辰焚蕩之後盡敗家莊頓無依託<br />
This document pertains to the following: <br />
In the disastrous aftermath of the Japanese Invasion of Imjin year, I lost all family properties and had no one to turn to for help.<br />
<br />
3焉乞資生飢死絃如祖上傳來衿得使喚爲如乎婢古音之三所生奴雪伊<br />
Subsisting on alms and starving to death continued [in my family], and I have sold Sŏri, my personal slave born in Kapcha year as the third child of Koŭmji, a female slave who I had inherited as my share from my parents, for goods equal in value to four thousand "chŏhwa" <br />
<br />
4年甲子生身乙 楮貨肆千張價乙依數交易捧上爲遣永永放賣爲去乎後<br />
<br />
5次良中矣同生子孫中相爭隅有去乙等此文記內意用良告官辨正爲乎矣<br />
<br />
6經亂之後女矣身亦盡敗家莊分不喩圖書至亦閪失爲遣趁時造備不得<br />
<br />
7此文記良中手掌爲有昆玆以後考爲乎事亦在<br />
<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 9 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 10 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 11 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 12 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 13 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 14 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop]]<br />
[[Category:Advanced Translation Group]]</div>Qhttp://dh.aks.ac.kr/jsg/index.php?title=(Translation)_%E8%90%AC%E6%9B%8622%E5%B9%B4_%E9%8E%AD%E5%B7%9D_%E7%AB%8B%E6%A1%88&diff=19063(Translation) 萬曆22年 鎭川 立案2019-07-16T02:15:22Z<p>Q: /* Student 8 : Q */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Primary Source Document3<br />
|Image = 만력22년갑오노기련역중명문001.jpg<br />
|English = <br />
|Chinese = 萬曆22年 鎭川 立案<br />
|Korean = 만력22년 진천 입안(''Iban'')<br />
|Genre = [[Old Documents]]<br />
|Type = <br />
|Author = <br />
|Year = <br />
|Source = <br />
|Key Concepts= <br />
|Translator = [[2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop (Advanced)#Participants | Participants of 2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop (Advanced Translation Group)]]<br />
|Editor = <br />
|Translation Year = 2019<br />
}}<br />
[[File:Backward.png|right|40px|link=2019_JSG_Summer_Hanmun_Workshop_(Advanced)#.282019.29Primary_Sources_for_Korean_Studies]]<br />
<gallery mode=packed heights=150px caption=><br />
File:만력22년갑오노기련역중명문002.jpg|萬曆22年 鎭川 立案(2)<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
<br />
=='''Introduction'''==<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''Original Script'''==<br />
<br />
<br />
{|class="wikitable" style="width:90%; font-size:110%; color:#002080; background-color:#ffffff;"<br />
!style="width:40%;"|Classical Chinese || style="width:60%;"| English <br />
|-<br />
|<br />
(text) 1縣接奴己年(左寸)<br />
<br />
2右謹陳所志矣段粘連文記相考斜給立案成給爲白只爲<br />
<br />
3行下向敎是事<br />
<br />
4官主處分<br />
<br />
5萬曆二十二年四月□日所志<br />
<br />
6[題辭]刑 初八日<br />
---------------------------------------------------------------<br />
<br />
1萬曆二十二年甲午二月卄三日奴起連亦中明文<br />
<br />
2右明文爲臥乎事段女矣身亦壬辰焚蕩之後盡敗家莊頓無依託<br />
<br />
3焉乞資生飢死絃如祖上傳來衿得使喚爲如乎婢古音之三所生奴雪伊<br />
<br />
4年甲子生身乙 楮貨肆千張價乙依數交易捧上爲遣永永放賣爲去乎後<br />
<br />
5次良中矣同生子孫中相爭隅有去乙等此文記內意用良告官辨正爲乎矣<br />
<br />
6經亂之後女矣身亦盡敗家莊分不喩圖書至亦閪失爲遣趁時造備不得<br />
<br />
7此文記良中手掌爲有昆玆以後考爲乎事亦在<br />
<br />
8 財主故忠義衛閔雲吉妻權氏(手掌)<br />
<br />
9 證人同姓三寸姪忠義衛□權拭(着名 署押)<br />
<br />
10 筆執同生娚忠義衛□權恊(着名 署押)<br />
<br />
---------------------------------------------------------------<br />
<br />
1□□□□□□消息公緘<br />
<br />
2節公緘內某邊婢某乙某人處某事以放賣時某某人訂筆爲有臥乎喩記<br />
<br />
3下向事公緘是白有亦女矣身亦焚蕩以後連命爲難祖上傳來衿得婢<br />
<br />
4古音之三所生奴雪伊年甲子生身乙價折楮貨四千張價以交易爲遣奴起年<br />
<br />
5處後所生幷以永永放賣文記良中着手掌成置的只是齊訂人段<br />
<br />
6同姓三寸姪權拭筆執段同生娚權恊等以成置爲乎事<br />
<br />
7財主故忠義衛閔雲吉妻權氏 白(手掌)<br />
<br />
---------------------------------------------------------------<br />
<br />
1甲午四月日初八日權拭年□□權恊年<br />
<br />
2白等縣接奴起連狀以權氏處奴雪伊買得文記成置時<br />
<br />
3訂筆與否推考敎是臥乎在亦權拭以訂人權恊以筆執<br />
<br />
4爲等如右之良處納成置時各各隨參着名的只是乎事<br />
<br />
5官(押)<br />
<br />
6白 權<br />
<br />
7白 權<br />
<br />
---------------------------------------------------------------<br />
<br />
1萬曆二十二年四月日鎭川官立案<br />
<br />
2右立案爲斜給事課狀粘連文記及財主證筆各人等推考(招辭)<br />
<br />
3是置有亦本文記成(取)納相考爲乎喩萬曆七年己未二月長<br />
<br />
4娚權愊二妹許禋三妹筆執李命世四娚權恊五妹六娚權愉等<br />
<br />
5着名同腹和會成置文記季後內長娚權忠佐衛衿奴願山良<br />
<br />
6妻幷産二所生奴古音之是如他衿他田民幷付和會是齊向前<br />
<br />
7奴雪伊段婢高音之得後所生以本賤籍所付草用不得依他斜<br />
<br />
8給爲遣合行立案者.<br />
<br />
竹山縣監<br />
<br />
入蛹任能<br />
||<br />
(translation)<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
(text)<br />
||<br />
(translation)<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
(text)<br />
||<br />
(translation)<br />
<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=='''Discussion Questions'''==<br />
#<br />
#<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''Further Readings'''==<br />
<!--<br />
<div style="color:#008080;"><br />
* View together with '''~~'''.<br />
</div><br />
--><br />
*<br />
*<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''References'''==<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
=='''Translation'''==<br />
<br />
==='''(sample) : Jaeyoon Song'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 1 : Yishu Ma '''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
<br />
The 22nd year of the reign of Emperor Wanli, the Kabo year, Fed. 23rd.<br />
<br />
This is a certificate to the slave, Kilyŏn.<br />
<br />
What this document pertains to is that because after the war in the Imjin year (the Japanese invasion), I have lost all my households and have nowhere to rely on. <br />
<br />
(So, I sell) the slave named Soli who is the third child of a slave, Kounji, who was passed down from her ancestors for our family to obtain.<br />
<br />
(The salve Soli) is sold for 4000 bills of currency. She will be obtained by Kilyŏn (as a slave or property)<br />
<br />
If there will be people from the same family disputing about this, this document can be used to inform the officials and correct the misleading. <br />
<br />
After the war, not only did I lose all my family properties, but I lost my seal. And I can’t reproduce another one in such a short time. <br />
<br />
So, I use my handprint as a seal. <br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 2 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 3 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 4 : King Kwong Wong'''===<br />
----<br />
1萬曆二十二年甲午二月卄三日奴起連亦中明文<br />
<br />
2右明文爲臥乎事段女矣身亦壬辰焚蕩之後盡敗家莊頓無依託<br />
<br />
3焉乞資生飢死絃如祖上傳來衿得使喚爲如乎婢古音之三所生奴雪伊<br />
<br />
4年甲子生身乙 楮貨肆千張價乙依數交易捧上爲遣永永放賣爲去乎後<br />
<br />
5次良中矣同生子孫中相爭隅有去乙等此文記內意用良告官辨正爲乎矣<br />
<br />
6經亂之後女矣身亦盡敗家莊分不喩圖書至亦閪失爲遣趁時造備不得<br />
<br />
7此文記良中手掌爲有昆玆以後考爲乎事亦在<br />
<br />
The 22nd year of the Wanli reign, the 甲午 year, the 23rd day of the second month, the certificate to the male slave 起連.<br />
This certification pertains to the following reason. I, after the fire and destruction in the year of Imjin, lost all my estates and suddenly had nothing to rely on. Because of the begging for living and hunger to death, I traded inherited from ancestors' share the private female slave 古音之's third-born male slave 雪伊's birth of one slave in the Kapja year for the amount equal to four thousands sheets of paper currency from him for his use forever and ever. If the descendants from the same lineage of mine have any dispute, this written document should be presented to the officials to discern the validity of this transaction. After this turbulence, I lost not only all my estates but even my seal. At this time I did not have the means to prepare and create one. In this document, I printed my palm instead. <br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 5 : 신동조'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
1) This document is the certificate issued for 起連 on February 23, 1594. <br />
<br />
2) The reason why I create this certificate is related to my current situation: In the aftermath of the Hideyoshi's War, I have completely lost all my land and family properties so I have no place to reply upon. <br />
<br />
3) On the verge of continuous starvation, my female slave (born in the year of 甲子, 1564), 雪伊, the third born of a female slave, 高音之, who was inherited to me from my ancestors and kept as a servant, <br />
<br />
4) was traded with the goods equivalent to 楮貨 (bank draft?) four thousand. <br />
<br />
5) If my siblings and descendants would involve in a legal dispute one another in the future, you should appeal a decision to the court, using this certificate.<br />
<br />
6) After the war, I have lost not only my properties but also my seal. I cannot even afford a new seal.<br />
<br />
7) Hence, for this certificate, I use my hand print...<br />
<br />
==='''Student 6 : Stacey Lui'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
1萬曆二十二年甲午二月卄三日奴起連亦中明文<br />
<br />
2右明文爲臥乎事段女矣身亦壬辰焚蕩之後盡敗家莊頓無依託<br />
<br />
3焉乞資生飢死絃如祖上傳來衿得使喚爲如乎婢古音之三所生奴雪伊<br />
<br />
4年甲子生身乙 楮貨肆千張價乙依數交易捧上爲遣永永放賣爲去乎後<br />
<br />
5次良中矣同生子孫中相爭隅有去乙等此文記內意用良告官辨正爲乎矣<br />
<br />
6經亂之後女矣身亦盡敗家莊分不喩圖書至亦閪失爲遣趁時造備不得<br />
<br />
7此文記良中手掌爲有昆玆以後考爲乎事亦在<br />
<br />
Document addressed to nobi Kiyon, on the 22nd year of the reign of Emperor Wanli (1563-1620), Kabo, 2nd month, 23rd day<br />
<br />
What this document pertains to: I, in the aftermath of the Imjin catastrophe, completely lost my family's land. There is nothing I have to rely upon. Because all [my family] had to beg to make a living and starved, my male nobi Soli - the 3rd child borne of nobi Koumji who was obtained and passed down from my ancestors - will be exchanged for [the equivalent of] 4000 sheets of paper currency. He will be received and kept for eternity. Afterwards, if there are disputes among family members [lit. children of the same mother], the contents of this certificate should be reported to to the bureau for correction [of these issues]. Following the hardship of war, it is not that I have only lost my entire family property, but I have also lost my seal. In such time of urgency, I could not procure another. For this document, I have used my hand print.<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 7 : Russell Guilbault'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
1. Wanli 22, 31st year [sexagenary], second month, 23rd day <br><br />
Certificate for the slave Gi-yeon <br><br />
2. This document is issued after the great fire of the 29th year. We have completely lost our homes and land, [and thus have nothing] to rely on. <br><br />
3. We beg for aid in living, and are dying from hunger. We have inherited the slave [Xueyi], third son born of the slave girl Goeum <br><br />
4. 1st year..... goods for a price of four thousand..... transacted according to(?) the amount..... sold off forever <br><br />
5. My descendants of the same birth(?) [i.e., born of the same parents?] vie among one another, so I issue this document to record my inner feelings, and properly instruct the officials to sort it out correctly <br><br />
6. After passing through this disaster, having completely lost our homes and land, ..... and lost, cannot seize this moment to prepare <br><br />
7. Holding this document, can hereafter check/examine (?) <br><br />
8. [I designate] the master of my property as Chung Ui-wi...... Ms. Gwon <br><br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 8 : Q'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
1萬曆二十二年甲午二月卄三日奴起連亦中明文<br />
Certificate to Kilyŏn, a slave. The twenty third day of the second month of Kabo year, 1594. <br />
<br />
2右明文爲臥乎事段女矣身亦壬辰焚蕩之後盡敗家莊頓無依託<br />
This document pertains to the following: <br />
In the disastrous aftermath of the Japanese Invasion of Imjin year, I lost all family properties and had no one to turn to for help.<br />
<br />
3焉乞資生飢死絃如祖上傳來衿得使喚爲如乎婢古音之三所生奴雪伊<br />
Subsisting on alms and deaths by starvation continued, and I have sold Sŏri, my personal slave born in Kapcha year as the third child of Koŭmji, a female slave who I had inherited as my share from my parents, for goods equal in value to four thousand "chŏhwa" <br />
<br />
4年甲子生身乙 楮貨肆千張價乙依數交易捧上爲遣永永放賣爲去乎後<br />
<br />
5次良中矣同生子孫中相爭隅有去乙等此文記內意用良告官辨正爲乎矣<br />
<br />
6經亂之後女矣身亦盡敗家莊分不喩圖書至亦閪失爲遣趁時造備不得<br />
<br />
7此文記良中手掌爲有昆玆以後考爲乎事亦在<br />
<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 9 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 10 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 11 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 12 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 13 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 14 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop]]<br />
[[Category:Advanced Translation Group]]</div>Qhttp://dh.aks.ac.kr/jsg/index.php?title=(Translation)_%E8%90%AC%E6%9B%8622%E5%B9%B4_%E9%8E%AD%E5%B7%9D_%E7%AB%8B%E6%A1%88&diff=19051(Translation) 萬曆22年 鎭川 立案2019-07-16T02:08:11Z<p>Q: /* Student 8 : Q */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Primary Source Document3<br />
|Image = 만력22년갑오노기련역중명문001.jpg<br />
|English = <br />
|Chinese = 萬曆22年 鎭川 立案<br />
|Korean = 만력22년 진천 입안(''Iban'')<br />
|Genre = [[Old Documents]]<br />
|Type = <br />
|Author = <br />
|Year = <br />
|Source = <br />
|Key Concepts= <br />
|Translator = [[2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop (Advanced)#Participants | Participants of 2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop (Advanced Translation Group)]]<br />
|Editor = <br />
|Translation Year = 2019<br />
}}<br />
[[File:Backward.png|right|40px|link=2019_JSG_Summer_Hanmun_Workshop_(Advanced)#.282019.29Primary_Sources_for_Korean_Studies]]<br />
<gallery mode=packed heights=150px caption=><br />
File:만력22년갑오노기련역중명문002.jpg|萬曆22年 鎭川 立案(2)<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
<br />
=='''Introduction'''==<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''Original Script'''==<br />
<br />
<br />
{|class="wikitable" style="width:90%; font-size:110%; color:#002080; background-color:#ffffff;"<br />
!style="width:40%;"|Classical Chinese || style="width:60%;"| English <br />
|-<br />
|<br />
(text) 1縣接奴己年(左寸)<br />
<br />
2右謹陳所志矣段粘連文記相考斜給立案成給爲白只爲<br />
<br />
3行下向敎是事<br />
<br />
4官主處分<br />
<br />
5萬曆二十二年四月□日所志<br />
<br />
6[題辭]刑 初八日<br />
---------------------------------------------------------------<br />
<br />
1萬曆二十二年甲午二月卄三日奴起連亦中明文<br />
<br />
2右明文爲臥乎事段女矣身亦壬辰焚蕩之後盡敗家莊頓無依託<br />
<br />
3焉乞資生飢死絃如祖上傳來衿得使喚爲如乎婢古音之三所生奴雪伊<br />
<br />
4年甲子生身乙 楮貨肆千張價乙依數交易捧上爲遣永永放賣爲去乎後<br />
<br />
5次良中矣同生子孫中相爭隅有去乙等此文記內意用良告官辨正爲乎矣<br />
<br />
6經亂之後女矣身亦盡敗家莊分不喩圖書至亦閪失爲遣趁時造備不得<br />
<br />
7此文記良中手掌爲有昆玆以後考爲乎事亦在<br />
<br />
8 財主故忠義衛閔雲吉妻權氏(手掌)<br />
<br />
9 證人同姓三寸姪忠義衛□權拭(着名 署押)<br />
<br />
10 筆執同生娚忠義衛□權恊(着名 署押)<br />
<br />
---------------------------------------------------------------<br />
<br />
1□□□□□□消息公緘<br />
<br />
2節公緘內某邊婢某乙某人處某事以放賣時某某人訂筆爲有臥乎喩記<br />
<br />
3下向事公緘是白有亦女矣身亦焚蕩以後連命爲難祖上傳來衿得婢<br />
<br />
4古音之三所生奴雪伊年甲子生身乙價折楮貨四千張價以交易爲遣奴起年<br />
<br />
5處後所生幷以永永放賣文記良中着手掌成置的只是齊訂人段<br />
<br />
6同姓三寸姪權拭筆執段同生娚權恊等以成置爲乎事<br />
<br />
7財主故忠義衛閔雲吉妻權氏 白(手掌)<br />
<br />
---------------------------------------------------------------<br />
<br />
1甲午四月日初八日權拭年□□權恊年<br />
<br />
2白等縣接奴起連狀以權氏處奴雪伊買得文記成置時<br />
<br />
3訂筆與否推考敎是臥乎在亦權拭以訂人權恊以筆執<br />
<br />
4爲等如右之良處納成置時各各隨參着名的只是乎事<br />
<br />
5官(押)<br />
<br />
6白 權<br />
<br />
7白 權<br />
<br />
---------------------------------------------------------------<br />
<br />
1萬曆二十二年四月日鎭川官立案<br />
<br />
2右立案爲斜給事課狀粘連文記及財主證筆各人等推考(招辭)<br />
<br />
3是置有亦本文記成(取)納相考爲乎喩萬曆七年己未二月長<br />
<br />
4娚權愊二妹許禋三妹筆執李命世四娚權恊五妹六娚權愉等<br />
<br />
5着名同腹和會成置文記季後內長娚權忠佐衛衿奴願山良<br />
<br />
6妻幷産二所生奴古音之是如他衿他田民幷付和會是齊向前<br />
<br />
7奴雪伊段婢高音之得後所生以本賤籍所付草用不得依他斜<br />
<br />
8給爲遣合行立案者.<br />
<br />
竹山縣監<br />
<br />
入蛹任能<br />
||<br />
(translation)<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
(text)<br />
||<br />
(translation)<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
(text)<br />
||<br />
(translation)<br />
<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=='''Discussion Questions'''==<br />
#<br />
#<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''Further Readings'''==<br />
<!--<br />
<div style="color:#008080;"><br />
* View together with '''~~'''.<br />
</div><br />
--><br />
*<br />
*<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''References'''==<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
=='''Translation'''==<br />
<br />
==='''(sample) : Jaeyoon Song'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 1 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 2 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 3 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 4 : King Kwong Wong'''===<br />
----<br />
1萬曆二十二年甲午二月卄三日奴起連亦中明文<br />
<br />
2右明文爲臥乎事段女矣身亦壬辰焚蕩之後盡敗家莊頓無依託<br />
<br />
3焉乞資生飢死絃如祖上傳來衿得使喚爲如乎婢古音之三所生奴雪伊<br />
<br />
4年甲子生身乙 楮貨肆千張價乙依數交易捧上爲遣永永放賣爲去乎後<br />
<br />
5次良中矣同生子孫中相爭隅有去乙等此文記內意用良告官辨正爲乎矣<br />
<br />
6經亂之後女矣身亦盡敗家莊分不喩圖書至亦閪失爲遣趁時造備不得<br />
<br />
7此文記良中手掌爲有昆玆以後考爲乎事亦在<br />
<br />
The 22nd year of the Wanli reign, the 甲午 year, the 23rd day of the second month, the certificate to the male slave 起連.<br />
This certification pertains to the following reason. I after the burning and destruction in the year of Imjin, lost all my estates, suddenly had nothing to rely on. Because of the begging for sustaining life and hunger to death, inherited from ancestors' share the private female slave 古音之's third-born male slave 雪伊's birth of one slave in the Kapja year, I traded for to four thousands sheets of paper currency for his use forever and ever. If the descendants from the same lineage of mine have any dispute, this written document should be presented to the officials to discern about the validity of this transaction. After this turbulence, I lost not only all my estates but even the seal. At this time I did not have the means to prepare and create one. In this document, I printed my palm instead. <br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 5 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 6 : Stacey Lui'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
1萬曆二十二年甲午二月卄三日奴起連亦中明文<br />
<br />
2右明文爲臥乎事段女矣身亦壬辰焚蕩之後盡敗家莊頓無依託<br />
<br />
3焉乞資生飢死絃如祖上傳來衿得使喚爲如乎婢古音之三所生奴雪伊<br />
<br />
4年甲子生身乙 楮貨肆千張價乙依數交易捧上爲遣永永放賣爲去乎後<br />
<br />
5次良中矣同生子孫中相爭隅有去乙等此文記內意用良告官辨正爲乎矣<br />
<br />
6經亂之後女矣身亦盡敗家莊分不喩圖書至亦閪失爲遣趁時造備不得<br />
<br />
7此文記良中手掌爲有昆玆以後考爲乎事亦在<br />
<br />
Document addressed to nobi, Kiyon on the 22nd year of Manyok, Kabo, 2nd month, 23rd day<br />
<br />
What this document pertains to: I, in the aftermath of the Imjin catastrophe, completely lost my family's land. There is nothing I have to rely upon. Because all [my family] had to beg to make a living and starved, my male nobi Soli - the 3rd child borne of nobi Koum who was obtained and passed down from my ancestors - will be exchanged for 1000 paper currency (?). She will be received and kept for eternity. Afterwards, if there are disputes among family members [lit. children of the same mother], this certificate recording the my intention (內意?) should be used and reported to to the bureau for correction [of these issues]. <br />
Following the hardship of war, it is not that I have only lost my entire family property, but I have also lost my seal. In such time of urgency, I could not procure another. For this document, I have used my hand print. 玆以後考爲乎事亦在 (?)<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 7 : Russell Guilbault'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
1. Wanli 22, 31st year [sexagenary], second month, 23rd day <br><br />
Certificate for the slave Gi-yeon <br><br />
2. This document is issued after the great fire of the 29th year. We have completely lost our homes and land, [and thus have nothing] to rely on. <br><br />
3. We beg for aid in living, and are dying from hunger. We have inherited the slave [Xueyi], third son born of the slave girl Goeum <br><br />
4. 1st year..... goods for a price of four thousand..... transacted according to(?) the amount..... sold off forever <br><br />
5. My descendants of the same birth(?) [i.e., born of the same parents?] vie among one another, so I issue this document to record my inner feelings, and properly instruct the officials to sort it out correctly <br><br />
6. After passing through this disaster, having completely lost our homes and land, ..... and lost, cannot seize this moment to prepare <br><br />
7. Holding this document, can hereafter check/examine (?) <br><br />
8. [I designate] the master of my property as Chung Ui-wi...... Ms. Gwon <br><br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 8 : Q'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
1萬曆二十二年甲午二月卄三日奴起連亦中明文<br />
Certificate to Kilyŏn, a slave. The twenty third day of the second month of Kabo year, 1594. <br />
<br />
2右明文爲臥乎事段女矣身亦壬辰焚蕩之後盡敗家莊頓無依託<br />
This document pertains to the following: <br />
In the disastrous aftermath of the Japanese Invasion of Imjin year, I lost all family properties and had no one to turn to for help.<br />
<br />
3焉乞資生飢死絃如祖上傳來衿得使喚爲如乎婢古音之三所生奴雪伊<br />
Subsisting on alms and deaths by starvation continued, and I have sold Sŏri, born in Kapcha year, <br />
<br />
4年甲子生身乙 楮貨肆千張價乙依數交易捧上爲遣永永放賣爲去乎後<br />
<br />
5次良中矣同生子孫中相爭隅有去乙等此文記內意用良告官辨正爲乎矣<br />
<br />
6經亂之後女矣身亦盡敗家莊分不喩圖書至亦閪失爲遣趁時造備不得<br />
<br />
7此文記良中手掌爲有昆玆以後考爲乎事亦在<br />
<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 9 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 10 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 11 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 12 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 13 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 14 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop]]<br />
[[Category:Advanced Translation Group]]</div>Qhttp://dh.aks.ac.kr/jsg/index.php?title=(Translation)_%E8%90%AC%E6%9B%8622%E5%B9%B4_%E9%8E%AD%E5%B7%9D_%E7%AB%8B%E6%A1%88&diff=19043(Translation) 萬曆22年 鎭川 立案2019-07-16T02:01:37Z<p>Q: /* Student 8 : Q */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Primary Source Document3<br />
|Image = 만력22년갑오노기련역중명문001.jpg<br />
|English = <br />
|Chinese = 萬曆22年 鎭川 立案<br />
|Korean = 만력22년 진천 입안(''Iban'')<br />
|Genre = [[Old Documents]]<br />
|Type = <br />
|Author = <br />
|Year = <br />
|Source = <br />
|Key Concepts= <br />
|Translator = [[2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop (Advanced)#Participants | Participants of 2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop (Advanced Translation Group)]]<br />
|Editor = <br />
|Translation Year = 2019<br />
}}<br />
[[File:Backward.png|right|40px|link=2019_JSG_Summer_Hanmun_Workshop_(Advanced)#.282019.29Primary_Sources_for_Korean_Studies]]<br />
<gallery mode=packed heights=150px caption=><br />
File:만력22년갑오노기련역중명문002.jpg|萬曆22年 鎭川 立案(2)<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
<br />
=='''Introduction'''==<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''Original Script'''==<br />
<br />
<br />
{|class="wikitable" style="width:90%; font-size:110%; color:#002080; background-color:#ffffff;"<br />
!style="width:40%;"|Classical Chinese || style="width:60%;"| English <br />
|-<br />
|<br />
(text) 1縣接奴己年(左寸)<br />
<br />
2右謹陳所志矣段粘連文記相考斜給立案成給爲白只爲<br />
<br />
3行下向敎是事<br />
<br />
4官主處分<br />
<br />
5萬曆二十二年四月□日所志<br />
<br />
6[題辭]刑 初八日<br />
---------------------------------------------------------------<br />
<br />
1萬曆二十二年甲午二月卄三日奴起連亦中明文<br />
<br />
2右明文爲臥乎事段女矣身亦壬辰焚蕩之後盡敗家莊頓無依託<br />
<br />
3焉乞資生飢死絃如祖上傳來衿得使喚爲如乎婢古音之三所生奴雪伊<br />
<br />
4年甲子生身乙 楮貨肆千張價乙依數交易捧上爲遣永永放賣爲去乎後<br />
<br />
5次良中矣同生子孫中相爭隅有去乙等此文記內意用良告官辨正爲乎矣<br />
<br />
6經亂之後女矣身亦盡敗家莊分不喩圖書至亦閪失爲遣趁時造備不得<br />
<br />
7此文記良中手掌爲有昆玆以後考爲乎事亦在<br />
<br />
8 財主故忠義衛閔雲吉妻權氏(手掌)<br />
<br />
9 證人同姓三寸姪忠義衛□權拭(着名 署押)<br />
<br />
10 筆執同生娚忠義衛□權恊(着名 署押)<br />
<br />
---------------------------------------------------------------<br />
<br />
1□□□□□□消息公緘<br />
<br />
2節公緘內某邊婢某乙某人處某事以放賣時某某人訂筆爲有臥乎喩記<br />
<br />
3下向事公緘是白有亦女矣身亦焚蕩以後連命爲難祖上傳來衿得婢<br />
<br />
4古音之三所生奴雪伊年甲子生身乙價折楮貨四千張價以交易爲遣奴起年<br />
<br />
5處後所生幷以永永放賣文記良中着手掌成置的只是齊訂人段<br />
<br />
6同姓三寸姪權拭筆執段同生娚權恊等以成置爲乎事<br />
<br />
7財主故忠義衛閔雲吉妻權氏 白(手掌)<br />
<br />
---------------------------------------------------------------<br />
<br />
1甲午四月日初八日權拭年□□權恊年<br />
<br />
2白等縣接奴起連狀以權氏處奴雪伊買得文記成置時<br />
<br />
3訂筆與否推考敎是臥乎在亦權拭以訂人權恊以筆執<br />
<br />
4爲等如右之良處納成置時各各隨參着名的只是乎事<br />
<br />
5官(押)<br />
<br />
6白 權<br />
<br />
7白 權<br />
<br />
---------------------------------------------------------------<br />
<br />
1萬曆二十二年四月日鎭川官立案<br />
<br />
2右立案爲斜給事課狀粘連文記及財主證筆各人等推考(招辭)<br />
<br />
3是置有亦本文記成(取)納相考爲乎喩萬曆七年己未二月長<br />
<br />
4娚權愊二妹許禋三妹筆執李命世四娚權恊五妹六娚權愉等<br />
<br />
5着名同腹和會成置文記季後內長娚權忠佐衛衿奴願山良<br />
<br />
6妻幷産二所生奴古音之是如他衿他田民幷付和會是齊向前<br />
<br />
7奴雪伊段婢高音之得後所生以本賤籍所付草用不得依他斜<br />
<br />
8給爲遣合行立案者.<br />
<br />
竹山縣監<br />
<br />
入蛹任能<br />
||<br />
(translation)<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
(text)<br />
||<br />
(translation)<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
(text)<br />
||<br />
(translation)<br />
<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=='''Discussion Questions'''==<br />
#<br />
#<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''Further Readings'''==<br />
<!--<br />
<div style="color:#008080;"><br />
* View together with '''~~'''.<br />
</div><br />
--><br />
*<br />
*<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''References'''==<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
=='''Translation'''==<br />
<br />
==='''(sample) : Jaeyoon Song'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 1 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 2 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 3 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 4 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 5 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 6 : Stacey Lui'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
1萬曆二十二年甲午二月卄三日奴起連亦中明文<br />
<br />
2右明文爲臥乎事段女矣身亦壬辰焚蕩之後盡敗家莊頓無依託<br />
<br />
3焉乞資生飢死絃如祖上傳來衿得使喚爲如乎婢古音之三所生奴雪伊<br />
<br />
4年甲子生身乙 楮貨肆千張價乙依數交易捧上爲遣永永放賣爲去乎後<br />
<br />
5次良中矣同生子孫中相爭隅有去乙等此文記內意用良告官辨正爲乎矣<br />
<br />
6經亂之後女矣身亦盡敗家莊分不喩圖書至亦閪失爲遣趁時造備不得<br />
<br />
7此文記良中手掌爲有昆玆以後考爲乎事亦在<br />
<br />
Document addressed to nobi, Kiyon on the 22nd year of Manyok, Kabo, 2nd month, 23rd day<br />
<br />
What this document pertains to: I, in the aftermath of the Imjin catastrophe, completely lost my family's land. There is nothing I have to rely upon. Because all [my family] had to beg to make a living and starved, my male nobi Soli - the 3rd child borne of nobi Koum who was obtained and passed down from my ancestors - will be exchanged for 1000 paper currency (?). She will be received and kept for eternity. Afterwards, if there are disputes among family members [lit. children of the same mother], this certificate recording the inner will should be used and reported to to the bureau for correction [of these issues]. <br />
Following the hardship of war, it is not that I have only lost my entire family property, but I have also lost my seal. In such time of urgency, I could not procure another. For this document, I have used my hand print. 玆以後考爲乎事亦在 (?)<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 7 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 8 : Q'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
1萬曆二十二年甲午二月卄三日奴起連亦中明文<br />
Certificate to Kilyŏn, a slave. The twenty third day of the second month of Gabo year, 1594. <br />
<br />
2右明文爲臥乎事段女矣身亦壬辰焚蕩之後盡敗家莊頓無依託<br />
This document pertains to the following: <br />
In the disastrous aftermath of the Japanese Invasion of Imjin year, I lost all family properties and had no one to turn to for help.<br />
<br />
3焉乞資生飢死絃如祖上傳來衿得使喚爲如乎婢古音之三所生奴雪伊<br />
Subsisting on alms and deaths by starvation continued, and <br />
<br />
4年甲子生身乙 楮貨肆千張價乙依數交易捧上爲遣永永放賣爲去乎後<br />
<br />
5次良中矣同生子孫中相爭隅有去乙等此文記內意用良告官辨正爲乎矣<br />
<br />
6經亂之後女矣身亦盡敗家莊分不喩圖書至亦閪失爲遣趁時造備不得<br />
<br />
7此文記良中手掌爲有昆玆以後考爲乎事亦在<br />
<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 9 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 10 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 11 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 12 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 13 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 14 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop]]<br />
[[Category:Advanced Translation Group]]</div>Qhttp://dh.aks.ac.kr/jsg/index.php?title=(Translation)_%E8%90%AC%E6%9B%8622%E5%B9%B4_%E9%8E%AD%E5%B7%9D_%E7%AB%8B%E6%A1%88&diff=19040(Translation) 萬曆22年 鎭川 立案2019-07-16T01:57:10Z<p>Q: /* Student 8 : Q */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Primary Source Document3<br />
|Image = 만력22년갑오노기련역중명문001.jpg<br />
|English = <br />
|Chinese = 萬曆22年 鎭川 立案<br />
|Korean = 만력22년 진천 입안(''Iban'')<br />
|Genre = [[Old Documents]]<br />
|Type = <br />
|Author = <br />
|Year = <br />
|Source = <br />
|Key Concepts= <br />
|Translator = [[2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop (Advanced)#Participants | Participants of 2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop (Advanced Translation Group)]]<br />
|Editor = <br />
|Translation Year = 2019<br />
}}<br />
[[File:Backward.png|right|40px|link=2019_JSG_Summer_Hanmun_Workshop_(Advanced)#.282019.29Primary_Sources_for_Korean_Studies]]<br />
<gallery mode=packed heights=150px caption=><br />
File:만력22년갑오노기련역중명문002.jpg|萬曆22年 鎭川 立案(2)<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
<br />
=='''Introduction'''==<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''Original Script'''==<br />
<br />
<br />
{|class="wikitable" style="width:90%; font-size:110%; color:#002080; background-color:#ffffff;"<br />
!style="width:40%;"|Classical Chinese || style="width:60%;"| English <br />
|-<br />
|<br />
(text) 1縣接奴己年(左寸)<br />
<br />
2右謹陳所志矣段粘連文記相考斜給立案成給爲白只爲<br />
<br />
3行下向敎是事<br />
<br />
4官主處分<br />
<br />
5萬曆二十二年四月□日所志<br />
<br />
6[題辭]刑 初八日<br />
---------------------------------------------------------------<br />
<br />
1萬曆二十二年甲午二月卄三日奴起連亦中明文<br />
<br />
2右明文爲臥乎事段女矣身亦壬辰焚蕩之後盡敗家莊頓無依託<br />
<br />
3焉乞資生飢死絃如祖上傳來衿得使喚爲如乎婢古音之三所生奴雪伊<br />
<br />
4年甲子生身乙 楮貨肆千張價乙依數交易捧上爲遣永永放賣爲去乎後<br />
<br />
5次良中矣同生子孫中相爭隅有去乙等此文記內意用良告官辨正爲乎矣<br />
<br />
6經亂之後女矣身亦盡敗家莊分不喩圖書至亦閪失爲遣趁時造備不得<br />
<br />
7此文記良中手掌爲有昆玆以後考爲乎事亦在<br />
<br />
8 財主故忠義衛閔雲吉妻權氏(手掌)<br />
<br />
9 證人同姓三寸姪忠義衛□權拭(着名 署押)<br />
<br />
10 筆執同生娚忠義衛□權恊(着名 署押)<br />
<br />
---------------------------------------------------------------<br />
<br />
1□□□□□□消息公緘<br />
<br />
2節公緘內某邊婢某乙某人處某事以放賣時某某人訂筆爲有臥乎喩記<br />
<br />
3下向事公緘是白有亦女矣身亦焚蕩以後連命爲難祖上傳來衿得婢<br />
<br />
4古音之三所生奴雪伊年甲子生身乙價折楮貨四千張價以交易爲遣奴起年<br />
<br />
5處後所生幷以永永放賣文記良中着手掌成置的只是齊訂人段<br />
<br />
6同姓三寸姪權拭筆執段同生娚權恊等以成置爲乎事<br />
<br />
7財主故忠義衛閔雲吉妻權氏 白(手掌)<br />
<br />
---------------------------------------------------------------<br />
<br />
1甲午四月日初八日權拭年□□權恊年<br />
<br />
2白等縣接奴起連狀以權氏處奴雪伊買得文記成置時<br />
<br />
3訂筆與否推考敎是臥乎在亦權拭以訂人權恊以筆執<br />
<br />
4爲等如右之良處納成置時各各隨參着名的只是乎事<br />
<br />
5官(押)<br />
<br />
6白 權<br />
<br />
7白 權<br />
<br />
---------------------------------------------------------------<br />
<br />
1萬曆二十二年四月日鎭川官立案<br />
<br />
2右立案爲斜給事課狀粘連文記及財主證筆各人等推考(招辭)<br />
<br />
3是置有亦本文記成(取)納相考爲乎喩萬曆七年己未二月長<br />
<br />
4娚權愊二妹許禋三妹筆執李命世四娚權恊五妹六娚權愉等<br />
<br />
5着名同腹和會成置文記季後內長娚權忠佐衛衿奴願山良<br />
<br />
6妻幷産二所生奴古音之是如他衿他田民幷付和會是齊向前<br />
<br />
7奴雪伊段婢高音之得後所生以本賤籍所付草用不得依他斜<br />
<br />
8給爲遣合行立案者.<br />
<br />
竹山縣監<br />
<br />
入蛹任能<br />
||<br />
(translation)<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
(text)<br />
||<br />
(translation)<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
(text)<br />
||<br />
(translation)<br />
<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=='''Discussion Questions'''==<br />
#<br />
#<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''Further Readings'''==<br />
<!--<br />
<div style="color:#008080;"><br />
* View together with '''~~'''.<br />
</div><br />
--><br />
*<br />
*<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''References'''==<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
=='''Translation'''==<br />
<br />
==='''(sample) : Jaeyoon Song'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 1 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 2 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 3 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 4 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 5 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 6 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 7 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 8 : Q'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
1萬曆二十二年甲午二月卄三日奴起連亦中明文<br />
Certificate to Kilyŏn, a slave. The twenty third day of the second month of Gabo year, 1594. <br />
<br />
2右明文爲臥乎事段女矣身亦壬辰焚蕩之後盡敗家莊頓無依託<br />
This document pertains to the following: <br />
In the disastrous aftermath of the Japanese Invasion of Imjin year, I lost all family properties and had no one to turn to for help.<br />
<br />
3焉乞資生飢死絃如祖上傳來衿得使喚爲如乎婢古音之三所生奴雪伊<br />
<br />
4年甲子生身乙 楮貨肆千張價乙依數交易捧上爲遣永永放賣爲去乎後<br />
<br />
5次良中矣同生子孫中相爭隅有去乙等此文記內意用良告官辨正爲乎矣<br />
<br />
6經亂之後女矣身亦盡敗家莊分不喩圖書至亦閪失爲遣趁時造備不得<br />
<br />
7此文記良中手掌爲有昆玆以後考爲乎事亦在<br />
<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 9 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 10 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 11 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 12 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 13 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 14 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop]]<br />
[[Category:Advanced Translation Group]]</div>Qhttp://dh.aks.ac.kr/jsg/index.php?title=(Translation)_%E8%90%AC%E6%9B%8622%E5%B9%B4_%E9%8E%AD%E5%B7%9D_%E7%AB%8B%E6%A1%88&diff=19039(Translation) 萬曆22年 鎭川 立案2019-07-16T01:50:10Z<p>Q: /* Student 8 : Q */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Primary Source Document3<br />
|Image = 만력22년갑오노기련역중명문001.jpg<br />
|English = <br />
|Chinese = 萬曆22年 鎭川 立案<br />
|Korean = 만력22년 진천 입안(''Iban'')<br />
|Genre = [[Old Documents]]<br />
|Type = <br />
|Author = <br />
|Year = <br />
|Source = <br />
|Key Concepts= <br />
|Translator = [[2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop (Advanced)#Participants | Participants of 2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop (Advanced Translation Group)]]<br />
|Editor = <br />
|Translation Year = 2019<br />
}}<br />
[[File:Backward.png|right|40px|link=2019_JSG_Summer_Hanmun_Workshop_(Advanced)#.282019.29Primary_Sources_for_Korean_Studies]]<br />
<gallery mode=packed heights=150px caption=><br />
File:만력22년갑오노기련역중명문002.jpg|萬曆22年 鎭川 立案(2)<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
<br />
=='''Introduction'''==<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''Original Script'''==<br />
<br />
<br />
{|class="wikitable" style="width:90%; font-size:110%; color:#002080; background-color:#ffffff;"<br />
!style="width:40%;"|Classical Chinese || style="width:60%;"| English <br />
|-<br />
|<br />
(text) 1縣接奴己年(左寸)<br />
<br />
2右謹陳所志矣段粘連文記相考斜給立案成給爲白只爲<br />
<br />
3行下向敎是事<br />
<br />
4官主處分<br />
<br />
5萬曆二十二年四月□日所志<br />
<br />
6[題辭]刑 初八日<br />
---------------------------------------------------------------<br />
<br />
1萬曆二十二年甲午二月卄三日奴起連亦中明文<br />
<br />
2右明文爲臥乎事段女矣身亦壬辰焚蕩之後盡敗家莊頓無依託<br />
<br />
3焉乞資生飢死絃如祖上傳來衿得使喚爲如乎婢古音之三所生奴雪伊<br />
<br />
4年甲子生身乙 楮貨肆千張價乙依數交易捧上爲遣永永放賣爲去乎後<br />
<br />
5次良中矣同生子孫中相爭隅有去乙等此文記內意用良告官辨正爲乎矣<br />
<br />
6經亂之後女矣身亦盡敗家莊分不喩圖書至亦閪失爲遣趁時造備不得<br />
<br />
7此文記良中手掌爲有昆玆以後考爲乎事亦在<br />
<br />
8 財主故忠義衛閔雲吉妻權氏(手掌)<br />
<br />
9 證人同姓三寸姪忠義衛□權拭(着名 署押)<br />
<br />
10 筆執同生娚忠義衛□權恊(着名 署押)<br />
<br />
---------------------------------------------------------------<br />
<br />
1□□□□□□消息公緘<br />
<br />
2節公緘內某邊婢某乙某人處某事以放賣時某某人訂筆爲有臥乎喩記<br />
<br />
3下向事公緘是白有亦女矣身亦焚蕩以後連命爲難祖上傳來衿得婢<br />
<br />
4古音之三所生奴雪伊年甲子生身乙價折楮貨四千張價以交易爲遣奴起年<br />
<br />
5處後所生幷以永永放賣文記良中着手掌成置的只是齊訂人段<br />
<br />
6同姓三寸姪權拭筆執段同生娚權恊等以成置爲乎事<br />
<br />
7財主故忠義衛閔雲吉妻權氏 白(手掌)<br />
<br />
---------------------------------------------------------------<br />
<br />
1甲午四月日初八日權拭年□□權恊年<br />
<br />
2白等縣接奴起連狀以權氏處奴雪伊買得文記成置時<br />
<br />
3訂筆與否推考敎是臥乎在亦權拭以訂人權恊以筆執<br />
<br />
4爲等如右之良處納成置時各各隨參着名的只是乎事<br />
<br />
5官(押)<br />
<br />
6白 權<br />
<br />
7白 權<br />
<br />
---------------------------------------------------------------<br />
<br />
1萬曆二十二年四月日鎭川官立案<br />
<br />
2右立案爲斜給事課狀粘連文記及財主證筆各人等推考(招辭)<br />
<br />
3是置有亦本文記成(取)納相考爲乎喩萬曆七年己未二月長<br />
<br />
4娚權愊二妹許禋三妹筆執李命世四娚權恊五妹六娚權愉等<br />
<br />
5着名同腹和會成置文記季後內長娚權忠佐衛衿奴願山良<br />
<br />
6妻幷産二所生奴古音之是如他衿他田民幷付和會是齊向前<br />
<br />
7奴雪伊段婢高音之得後所生以本賤籍所付草用不得依他斜<br />
<br />
8給爲遣合行立案者.<br />
<br />
竹山縣監<br />
<br />
入蛹任能<br />
||<br />
(translation)<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
(text)<br />
||<br />
(translation)<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
(text)<br />
||<br />
(translation)<br />
<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=='''Discussion Questions'''==<br />
#<br />
#<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''Further Readings'''==<br />
<!--<br />
<div style="color:#008080;"><br />
* View together with '''~~'''.<br />
</div><br />
--><br />
*<br />
*<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''References'''==<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
=='''Translation'''==<br />
<br />
==='''(sample) : Jaeyoon Song'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 1 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 2 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 3 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 4 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 5 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 6 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 7 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 8 : Q'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
1萬曆二十二年甲午二月卄三日奴起連亦中明文<br />
Certificate to Kilyŏn, a slave. The twenty third day of the second month of Gabo year, 1594. <br />
<br />
2右明文爲臥乎事段女矣身亦壬辰焚蕩之後盡敗家莊頓無依託<br />
This document pertains to the following: <br />
<br />
3焉乞資生飢死絃如祖上傳來衿得使喚爲如乎婢古音之三所生奴雪伊<br />
<br />
4年甲子生身乙 楮貨肆千張價乙依數交易捧上爲遣永永放賣爲去乎後<br />
<br />
5次良中矣同生子孫中相爭隅有去乙等此文記內意用良告官辨正爲乎矣<br />
<br />
6經亂之後女矣身亦盡敗家莊分不喩圖書至亦閪失爲遣趁時造備不得<br />
<br />
7此文記良中手掌爲有昆玆以後考爲乎事亦在<br />
<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 9 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 10 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 11 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 12 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 13 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 14 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop]]<br />
[[Category:Advanced Translation Group]]</div>Qhttp://dh.aks.ac.kr/jsg/index.php?title=(Translation)_%E8%90%AC%E6%9B%8622%E5%B9%B4_%E9%8E%AD%E5%B7%9D_%E7%AB%8B%E6%A1%88&diff=19038(Translation) 萬曆22年 鎭川 立案2019-07-16T01:47:49Z<p>Q: /* Student 8 : Q */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Primary Source Document3<br />
|Image = 만력22년갑오노기련역중명문001.jpg<br />
|English = <br />
|Chinese = 萬曆22年 鎭川 立案<br />
|Korean = 만력22년 진천 입안(''Iban'')<br />
|Genre = [[Old Documents]]<br />
|Type = <br />
|Author = <br />
|Year = <br />
|Source = <br />
|Key Concepts= <br />
|Translator = [[2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop (Advanced)#Participants | Participants of 2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop (Advanced Translation Group)]]<br />
|Editor = <br />
|Translation Year = 2019<br />
}}<br />
[[File:Backward.png|right|40px|link=2019_JSG_Summer_Hanmun_Workshop_(Advanced)#.282019.29Primary_Sources_for_Korean_Studies]]<br />
<gallery mode=packed heights=150px caption=><br />
File:만력22년갑오노기련역중명문002.jpg|萬曆22年 鎭川 立案(2)<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
<br />
=='''Introduction'''==<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''Original Script'''==<br />
<br />
<br />
{|class="wikitable" style="width:90%; font-size:110%; color:#002080; background-color:#ffffff;"<br />
!style="width:40%;"|Classical Chinese || style="width:60%;"| English <br />
|-<br />
|<br />
(text) 1縣接奴己年(左寸)<br />
<br />
2右謹陳所志矣段粘連文記相考斜給立案成給爲白只爲<br />
<br />
3行下向敎是事<br />
<br />
4官主處分<br />
<br />
5萬曆二十二年四月□日所志<br />
<br />
6[題辭]刑 初八日<br />
---------------------------------------------------------------<br />
<br />
1萬曆二十二年甲午二月卄三日奴起連亦中明文<br />
<br />
2右明文爲臥乎事段女矣身亦壬辰焚蕩之後盡敗家莊頓無依託<br />
<br />
3焉乞資生飢死絃如祖上傳來衿得使喚爲如乎婢古音之三所生奴雪伊<br />
<br />
4年甲子生身乙 楮貨肆千張價乙依數交易捧上爲遣永永放賣爲去乎後<br />
<br />
5次良中矣同生子孫中相爭隅有去乙等此文記內意用良告官辨正爲乎矣<br />
<br />
6經亂之後女矣身亦盡敗家莊分不喩圖書至亦閪失爲遣趁時造備不得<br />
<br />
7此文記良中手掌爲有昆玆以後考爲乎事亦在<br />
<br />
8 財主故忠義衛閔雲吉妻權氏(手掌)<br />
<br />
9 證人同姓三寸姪忠義衛□權拭(着名 署押)<br />
<br />
10 筆執同生娚忠義衛□權恊(着名 署押)<br />
<br />
---------------------------------------------------------------<br />
<br />
1□□□□□□消息公緘<br />
<br />
2節公緘內某邊婢某乙某人處某事以放賣時某某人訂筆爲有臥乎喩記<br />
<br />
3下向事公緘是白有亦女矣身亦焚蕩以後連命爲難祖上傳來衿得婢<br />
<br />
4古音之三所生奴雪伊年甲子生身乙價折楮貨四千張價以交易爲遣奴起年<br />
<br />
5處後所生幷以永永放賣文記良中着手掌成置的只是齊訂人段<br />
<br />
6同姓三寸姪權拭筆執段同生娚權恊等以成置爲乎事<br />
<br />
7財主故忠義衛閔雲吉妻權氏 白(手掌)<br />
<br />
---------------------------------------------------------------<br />
<br />
1甲午四月日初八日權拭年□□權恊年<br />
<br />
2白等縣接奴起連狀以權氏處奴雪伊買得文記成置時<br />
<br />
3訂筆與否推考敎是臥乎在亦權拭以訂人權恊以筆執<br />
<br />
4爲等如右之良處納成置時各各隨參着名的只是乎事<br />
<br />
5官(押)<br />
<br />
6白 權<br />
<br />
7白 權<br />
<br />
---------------------------------------------------------------<br />
<br />
1萬曆二十二年四月日鎭川官立案<br />
<br />
2右立案爲斜給事課狀粘連文記及財主證筆各人等推考(招辭)<br />
<br />
3是置有亦本文記成(取)納相考爲乎喩萬曆七年己未二月長<br />
<br />
4娚權愊二妹許禋三妹筆執李命世四娚權恊五妹六娚權愉等<br />
<br />
5着名同腹和會成置文記季後內長娚權忠佐衛衿奴願山良<br />
<br />
6妻幷産二所生奴古音之是如他衿他田民幷付和會是齊向前<br />
<br />
7奴雪伊段婢高音之得後所生以本賤籍所付草用不得依他斜<br />
<br />
8給爲遣合行立案者.<br />
<br />
竹山縣監<br />
<br />
入蛹任能<br />
||<br />
(translation)<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
(text)<br />
||<br />
(translation)<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
(text)<br />
||<br />
(translation)<br />
<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=='''Discussion Questions'''==<br />
#<br />
#<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''Further Readings'''==<br />
<!--<br />
<div style="color:#008080;"><br />
* View together with '''~~'''.<br />
</div><br />
--><br />
*<br />
*<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''References'''==<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
=='''Translation'''==<br />
<br />
==='''(sample) : Jaeyoon Song'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 1 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 2 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 3 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 4 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 5 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 6 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 7 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 8 : Q'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
1萬曆二十二年甲午二月卄三日奴起連亦中明文<br />
Certificate to Kilyŏn, a slave. The twenty third day of the second month of Gabo year, 1594. <br />
<br />
2右明文爲臥乎事段女矣身亦壬辰焚蕩之後盡敗家莊頓無依託<br />
<br />
3焉乞資生飢死絃如祖上傳來衿得使喚爲如乎婢古音之三所生奴雪伊<br />
<br />
4年甲子生身乙 楮貨肆千張價乙依數交易捧上爲遣永永放賣爲去乎後<br />
<br />
5次良中矣同生子孫中相爭隅有去乙等此文記內意用良告官辨正爲乎矣<br />
<br />
6經亂之後女矣身亦盡敗家莊分不喩圖書至亦閪失爲遣趁時造備不得<br />
<br />
7此文記良中手掌爲有昆玆以後考爲乎事亦在<br />
<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 9 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 10 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 11 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 12 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 13 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 14 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop]]<br />
[[Category:Advanced Translation Group]]</div>Qhttp://dh.aks.ac.kr/jsg/index.php?title=(Translation)_%E8%90%AC%E6%9B%8622%E5%B9%B4_%E9%8E%AD%E5%B7%9D_%E7%AB%8B%E6%A1%88&diff=19037(Translation) 萬曆22年 鎭川 立案2019-07-16T01:36:14Z<p>Q: /* Student 8 : (Write your name) */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Primary Source Document3<br />
|Image = 만력22년갑오노기련역중명문001.jpg<br />
|English = <br />
|Chinese = 萬曆22年 鎭川 立案<br />
|Korean = 만력22년 진천 입안(''Iban'')<br />
|Genre = [[Old Documents]]<br />
|Type = <br />
|Author = <br />
|Year = <br />
|Source = <br />
|Key Concepts= <br />
|Translator = [[2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop (Advanced)#Participants | Participants of 2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop (Advanced Translation Group)]]<br />
|Editor = <br />
|Translation Year = 2019<br />
}}<br />
[[File:Backward.png|right|40px|link=2019_JSG_Summer_Hanmun_Workshop_(Advanced)#.282019.29Primary_Sources_for_Korean_Studies]]<br />
<gallery mode=packed heights=150px caption=><br />
File:만력22년갑오노기련역중명문002.jpg|萬曆22年 鎭川 立案(2)<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
<br />
=='''Introduction'''==<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''Original Script'''==<br />
<br />
<br />
{|class="wikitable" style="width:90%; font-size:110%; color:#002080; background-color:#ffffff;"<br />
!style="width:40%;"|Classical Chinese || style="width:60%;"| English <br />
|-<br />
|<br />
(text) 1縣接奴己年(左寸)<br />
<br />
2右謹陳所志矣段粘連文記相考斜給立案成給爲白只爲<br />
<br />
3行下向敎是事<br />
<br />
4官主處分<br />
<br />
5萬曆二十二年四月□日所志<br />
<br />
6[題辭]刑 初八日<br />
---------------------------------------------------------------<br />
<br />
1萬曆二十二年甲午二月卄三日奴起連亦中明文<br />
<br />
2右明文爲臥乎事段女矣身亦壬辰焚蕩之後盡敗家莊頓無依託<br />
<br />
3焉乞資生飢死絃如祖上傳來衿得使喚爲如乎婢古音之三所生奴雪伊<br />
<br />
4年甲子生身乙 楮貨肆千張價乙依數交易捧上爲遣永永放賣爲去乎後<br />
<br />
5次良中矣同生子孫中相爭隅有去乙等此文記內意用良告官辨正爲乎矣<br />
<br />
6經亂之後女矣身亦盡敗家莊分不喩圖書至亦閪失爲遣趁時造備不得<br />
<br />
7此文記良中手掌爲有昆玆以後考爲乎事亦在<br />
<br />
8 財主故忠義衛閔雲吉妻權氏(手掌)<br />
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9 證人同姓三寸姪忠義衛□權拭(着名 署押)<br />
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10 筆執同生娚忠義衛□權恊(着名 署押)<br />
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1□□□□□□消息公緘<br />
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2節公緘內某邊婢某乙某人處某事以放賣時某某人訂筆爲有臥乎喩記<br />
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3下向事公緘是白有亦女矣身亦焚蕩以後連命爲難祖上傳來衿得婢<br />
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4古音之三所生奴雪伊年甲子生身乙價折楮貨四千張價以交易爲遣奴起年<br />
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5處後所生幷以永永放賣文記良中着手掌成置的只是齊訂人段<br />
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6同姓三寸姪權拭筆執段同生娚權恊等以成置爲乎事<br />
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7財主故忠義衛閔雲吉妻權氏 白(手掌)<br />
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1甲午四月日初八日權拭年□□權恊年<br />
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2白等縣接奴起連狀以權氏處奴雪伊買得文記成置時<br />
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3訂筆與否推考敎是臥乎在亦權拭以訂人權恊以筆執<br />
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4爲等如右之良處納成置時各各隨參着名的只是乎事<br />
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5官(押)<br />
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6白 權<br />
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7白 權<br />
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1萬曆二十二年四月日鎭川官立案<br />
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2右立案爲斜給事課狀粘連文記及財主證筆各人等推考(招辭)<br />
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3是置有亦本文記成(取)納相考爲乎喩萬曆七年己未二月長<br />
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4娚權愊二妹許禋三妹筆執李命世四娚權恊五妹六娚權愉等<br />
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5着名同腹和會成置文記季後內長娚權忠佐衛衿奴願山良<br />
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6妻幷産二所生奴古音之是如他衿他田民幷付和會是齊向前<br />
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7奴雪伊段婢高音之得後所生以本賤籍所付草用不得依他斜<br />
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8給爲遣合行立案者.<br />
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竹山縣監<br />
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入蛹任能<br />
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=='''Discussion Questions'''==<br />
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=='''Further Readings'''==<br />
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=='''References'''==<br />
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=='''Translation'''==<br />
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==='''(sample) : Jaeyoon Song'''===<br />
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==='''Student 1 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
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==='''Student 3 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
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==='''Student 5 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
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==='''Student 6 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
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==='''Student 8 : Q'''===<br />
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1萬曆二十二年甲午二月卄三日奴起連亦中明文<br />
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2右明文爲臥乎事段女矣身亦壬辰焚蕩之後盡敗家莊頓無依託<br />
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3焉乞資生飢死絃如祖上傳來衿得使喚爲如乎婢古音之三所生奴雪伊<br />
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4年甲子生身乙 楮貨肆千張價乙依數交易捧上爲遣永永放賣爲去乎後<br />
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5次良中矣同生子孫中相爭隅有去乙等此文記內意用良告官辨正爲乎矣<br />
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6經亂之後女矣身亦盡敗家莊分不喩圖書至亦閪失爲遣趁時造備不得<br />
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7此文記良中手掌爲有昆玆以後考爲乎事亦在<br />
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*Discussion Questions:<br />
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==='''Student 9 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
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==='''Student 10 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
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==='''Student 12 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
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==='''Student 13 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
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==='''Student 14 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
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[[Category:2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop]]<br />
[[Category:Advanced Translation Group]]</div>Qhttp://dh.aks.ac.kr/jsg/index.php?title=(Translation)_1636%E5%B9%B4_%E5%A4%96%E8%97%A9%E8%92%99%E5%8F%A4%E6%9B%B8%E4%BF%A1&diff=18903(Translation) 1636年 外藩蒙古書信2019-07-15T01:25:57Z<p>Q: /* Student 8 : Q */</p>
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<div>{{Primary Source Document3<br />
|Image = 외번몽고서신1.jpg<br />
|English = <br />
|Chinese = 丙子年 二月二日 外藩蒙古書信<br />
|Korean = 병자년 2월2일 외번몽고서신<br />
|Genre = [[Royal Court Documents]]<br />
|Type = Diplomatic Document<br />
|Author = <br />
|Year = 1636<br />
|Source = [http://sillok.history.go.kr/mc/main.do The Annals of the Qing Dynasty]<br />
|Key Concepts= <br />
|Translator = [[2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop (Advanced)#Participants | Participants of 2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop (Advanced Translation Group)]]<br />
|Editor = <br />
|Translation Year = 2019<br />
}}<br />
<gallery mode=packed-hover heights=150px caption="〈丙子年 二月二日 外藩蒙古書信〉"><br />
File:外藩蒙古書信(全).jpg|1636年 外藩蒙古書信(全)<br />
File:외번몽고서신3.jpg|1636年 外藩蒙古書信(3)<br />
File:외번몽고서신2.jpg|1636年 外藩蒙古書信(2)<br />
</gallery><br />
[[File:Backward.png|right|40px|link=2019_JSG_Summer_Hanmun_Workshop_(Advanced)#.282019.29Primary_Sources_for_Korean_Studies]]<br />
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=='''Introduction'''==<br />
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=='''Original Script'''==<br />
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{|class="wikitable" style="width:80%; font-size:110%; color:#002080; background-color:#ffffff;"<br />
!style="width:2%;"| No || style="width:49%;"|〈書信〉 原本 || style="width:49%;"| [http://sillok.history.go.kr/qImageViewer/?levelId=qsilok_003_0270_0010_0020_0020_0020 『淸太宗實錄』 天聰十年 二月 二日(p.013a)]<br />
|-<br />
|style="text-align:center;" rowspan="2"| 1 ||<br />
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金國外藩各蒙古貝勒, 奉書朝鮮國王.<br />
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我等蒙大明恩賞, 已二百餘年矣. 今非樂爲背離也. 祗因大明官長, 欺詐奸詭, 賄賂公行, 誑蔽君上, 大明皇帝, 茫然弗知, 貽禍家邦, 兼以將懦兵弱, 內之而奸詭昌熾, 外之而喪地折兵, 竊窺天意, 大明之歷數將終矣.<br />
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||<br />
滿洲國外藩諸貝勒, 奉書朝鮮國王.<br />
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我等與明國交好, 已二百餘年矣. 今非樂爲背離也. 祗因明之諸臣, 欺詐姦詭, 賄賂公行, 蒙蔽其主, 明國皇帝, 茫然不知, 以致人心解體, 兼以將懦兵弱, 內而縱寇殃民, 外而覆師喪地, 竊窺天意, 明之曆數將終矣.<br />
|-<br />
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(A1) <br />
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(B1) <br />
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|style="text-align:center;" rowspan="2"| 2 ||<br />
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今我金國汗, 寬仁厚德, 博施濟衆, 招徠異國, 愛育黎庶, 語言行事, 無不恰當, 法度號令, 甚是明允, 更兼以將勇兵強, 所向無敵, 衆皆願慕, 皇天已屬意於我汗. 我等故仰承天意, 而樂就之矣. <br />
<br />
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今我滿洲國皇帝, 仁智兼全, 恩威竝濟, 招徠異國, 愛育黎庶, 立心行事, 動出公正, 法度號令, 整肅嚴明, 兼之將勇兵強, 所向無敵, 衆心願慕, 天眷有歸, 革命興邦, 知在此時矣. 我等故仰承天意, 而樂就之. <br />
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(A2) <br />
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(B2) <br />
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|style="text-align:center;" rowspan="2"| 3 ||<br />
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念我蒙古各國, 原來散亂無統. 近蒙我汗教化, 如春日之暄煦, 恩澤流洽於萬里, 我等諸國, 俱蒙福安康, 無復仍前散亂者矣. <br />
<br />
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因念我蒙古各國, 散亂無統, 近蒙我皇上, 誕布寬仁, 弘敷教化, 照臨在上, 如日方升, 流膏沛澤, 淪浹萬方, 諸國奠寧, 群生康樂.<br />
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|style="text-align:center;" rowspan="2"| 4 ||<br />
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是以我等各國貝勒, 曁軍民人等, 感激仁汗深恩, 每思捐軀報效, 無不傾耳戴目, 惟我汗驅使是聽, 以俟事機之至耳. 如有驅使, 即肝腦塗地, 投湯赴火, 亦莫之知避也. <br />
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是以感激上恩, 每思捐軀報効, 不憚勤勞, 聽上驅使, 以俟事機之至. 如有驅使, 即舉國從王, 攖鋒冒刃, 亦所不辭也. <br />
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|style="text-align:center;" rowspan="2"| 5 ||<br />
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前年蒙古各國貝勒, 朝聚於天興城中, 俱謂皇天眷顧金國, 業已顯赫, 我等宜仰承天意, 進汗尊號, 故與金國衆貝勒商議, 具本奏聞. 汗云, 果何所見而遽爲此事也, 遂拒而弗允.<br />
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去年我蒙古各國貝勒, 朝集盛京, 俱以天意眷顧我皇上, 欲恭上尊號, 以答天心, 與在內諸貝勒, 合辭陳請, 上拒而弗允.<br />
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|style="text-align:center;" rowspan="2"| 6 ||<br />
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今四十萬蒙古國太子空俄羅, ···(나머지 버일러들의 이름 생략)··· 我等十六國四十九貝勒, 約於昨年臘月內, 與金國衆貝勒合議, 咸謂我汗收各國, 獲玉璽, 天意明徵, 勸進之事, 實不容已. 今年新正, 復具本奏聞. 汗云, 朝鮮王吾弟也, 亦宜令彼知之. <br />
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今四十萬眾蒙古太子孔果爾, ···(나머지 버일러들의 이름 생략)··· 十六國四十九貝勒, 約於去年十二月內, 會於盛京, 與滿洲國諸貝勒議, 俱言皇上平服諸國, 兼之玉璽呈祥, 天意佑助, 信而有徵, 皇上宜建尊號, 以順天人之心. 今年新正, 復奉表奏聞. 上諭, 朝鮮王吾弟也, 亦宜令彼知之. <br />
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我等念此言甚合大義, 故特遣使相議, 王宜遣親近子弟來此, 共爲勸進可也. 我等承天意, 尊大號, 事已確定. 惟視王之從否何如耳. 特書.<br />
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我等謹遵上諭, 遣使相聞, 王可即遣親近子弟來此, 共爲陳奏. 我等承天意, 奉尊號, 事已確定. 推戴之誠, 諒王素有同心也. <br />
|-<br />
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=='''Discussion Questions'''==<br />
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=='''Further Readings'''==<br />
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=='''References'''==<br />
<references/><br />
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=='''Translation'''==<br />
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==='''(sample) : Jaeyoon Song'''===<br />
----<br />
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*Discussion Questions:<br />
我等念此言甚合大義, 故特遣使相議, 王宜遣親近子弟來此, 共爲勸進可也. 我等承天意, 尊大號, 事已確定. 惟視王之從否何如耳. 特書<br />
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As we think that these words correspond to the great righteousness, we have sent the special envoys to discuss this issue. The King of Joseon should send his brothers and sons to our place, and commonly encourage and promote [Hong Taiji to become emperor]. We follow the will of heaven and elevate the great name [of the emperor]. The state of affairs has already been established. We will only see whether or not the King of Joseon would follow us. Specially written*.<br />
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*Specially written is a common phrase used at the end of an official letter at this time.<br />
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==='''Student 1 : Yishu Ma'''===<br />
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*Discussion Questions:<br />
金國外藩各蒙古貝勒, 奉書朝鮮國王.<br />
<br />
我等蒙大明恩賞, 已二百餘年矣. 今非樂爲背離也. 祗因大明官長, 欺詐奸詭, 賄賂公行, 誑蔽君上, 大明皇帝, 茫然弗知...<br />
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Translation: <br />
The Mongol beiles (chiefs) from the outer fences of the State of Jin present this letter to the king of Joseon.<br />
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You and I have received graces and gifts from the great state of Ming for over two hundred years. Now we are unhappy to secede from the Ming state; it is only because the officials of the great state of Ming are cheating, cunning, and deceitful. They routinely bribe [one another] and deceive and blind the emperor [of the great Ming]. [But] the emperor [of the great Ming] is completely unaware [of these].<br />
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==='''Student 2 : Samuel Sai Hay Chan 陳世熙 진세희'''===<br />
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貽禍家邦, 兼以將懦兵弱, 內之而奸詭昌熾, 外之而喪地折兵, 竊窺天意, 大明之歷數將終矣. <br />
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[All these] are ruining and bringing disasters to families and the state. In addition, [the Ming's] generals are cowardly and the soldiers weak. Within [the court], perfidy and treachery are rampant. Without, lands were being lost and soldiers were being slaughtered (1). We humbly steal a glimpse of the will of the Heaven - the mandate of the Ming will soon meet its end. <br />
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Notes:<br />
1. An alternative translation is "Farmers were losing lands and soldiers were being demobilized." This refers to the general social crisis that Ming faced in the 17th century, which historians attributed to the advent of the so-called "Little Ice Age" at the time. <br />
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*Discussion Questions:<br />
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==='''Student 3 : Younès M'Ghari'''===<br />
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今我金國汗, 寬仁厚德, 博施濟衆, 招徠異國, 愛育黎庶, 語言行事, 無不恰當, 法度號令, 甚是明允, 更兼以將勇兵強,<br />
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Now our Khan of the Jin State is generous, benevolent, profoundly virtuous, he provides relief and saves the people, he enjoins the other countries to come, he loves and nurtures the commoners. When he says something and carries out [state] affairs, nothing is inappropriate. When he imposes laws and gives orders, they are extremely clear and impartial. Furthermore, in addition, [his] generals being brave and [his] soldiers being strong,<br />
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今我滿洲國皇帝, 仁智兼全, 恩威竝濟, 招徠異國, 愛育黎庶, 立心行事, 動出公正, 法度號令, 整肅嚴明, 兼之將勇兵強,<br />
<br />
Now our <span style="color:blue">Emperor</span> of the <span style="color:blue">Manchu State</span> is both <span style="color:blue">benevolent and wise</span>, <span style="color:blue">he is kind, mighty and, also, aiding [others]</span>, he enjoins the other countries to come, [he] loves and nurtures the commoners. When he <span style="color:blue">is determined</span> in carrying out [state] affairs, <span style="color:blue">he acts justly</span>. When he imposes laws and gives orders, they are extremely clear and impartial. <span style="color:blue">He consolidates strict fairness</span>. <span style="color:blue">In addition</span>, [his] generals being brave and [his] soldiers being strong,<br />
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*Discussion Questions:<br />
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When and how did the expression "beile" become known to the Chosôn court scholars? Who first proposed these Chinese characters?<br />
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==='''Student 4 : King Kwong Wong'''===<br />
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所向無敵, 衆皆願慕, 皇天已屬意於我汗. 我等故仰承天意, 而樂就之矣.<br />
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To whomever he faces he is invincible. All desire to admire him. The August Heaven has already fixed His mind on our khan. Thereby we look up to and receive Heaven's will and delightfully comply with it, nothing more.<br />
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*Discussion Questions:<br />
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==='''Student 5 : 신동조'''===<br />
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*Discussion Questions:<br />
念 我蒙古各國, 原來散亂無統. 近蒙我汗教化, 如春日之暄煦, 恩澤流洽於萬里.<br />
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I think that we all states of the Mongol were originally scattered and chaotic with no leadership. But recently we have received the moral suasion from our Khan. Like the warmness of the Spring Sun, His grace flows and permeates into one thousand ''li'' from here.<br />
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==='''Student 6 : Stacey Lui'''===<br />
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我等諸國, 俱蒙福安康, 無復仍前散亂者矣.<br />
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Our [Mongol] states have now all received fortune, stability and health, and will not again be scattered and disorderly as before.<br />
<br />
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*Discussion Questions:<br />
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==='''Student 7 : Russell Guilbault'''===<br />
----<br />
是以我等各國貝勒, 曁軍民人等, 感激仁汗深恩, 每思捐軀報效, 無不傾耳戴目<br />
<br />
Because of this we are the ''beile'' of every country, and the army and people are equal; we are grateful for the benevolent khan's profound grace, constantly thinking of how we may lay down our lives to repay his kindness, and no part of us does not earnestly await it.<br />
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*Discussion Questions:<br />
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==='''Student 8 : Q'''===<br />
----<br />
惟我汗驅使是聽, 以俟事機之至耳. <br />
<br />
["his only wish" or "we think"] Our han's [command or wish] for us is to heed, so as to wait for the opportunity to present itself. <br />
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如有驅使, 即肝腦塗地, 投湯赴火, 亦莫之知避也.<br />
<br />
Should there be his command, be it to smear our livers and brains on the ground, leap into boiling water and walk on fire, no one [none of us] would know to evade.<br />
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*Discussion Questions:<br />
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==='''Student 9 : Yeonjae Ra'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
前年蒙古各國貝勒, 朝聚於天興城中, 俱謂皇天眷顧金國, 業已顯赫, 我等宜仰承天意, 進汗尊號,<br />
<br />
Last year, ''beile''s of every provinces from Mongol were gathered in the middle of castle prospered by the heaven(‘盛京’ in revised version). Everybody said that imperial heaven takes care of the ''Jin'' Dynasty, and it is already apparent and shine. [Then] We should revere and accept the intention of the heaven, and eventually Khan [would be] respectfully named. <br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 10 : (Kanghun Ahn)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
<br />
故與金國衆貝勒商議, 具本奏聞. 汗云, 果何所見而遽爲此事也, 遂拒而弗允.<br />
<br />
<br />
We Mongols, therefore, discussed this issue with a group of beiles of the Jin state, so we could report it to the emperor.<br />
The khan said, “how can you suddenly pull up this affair, based on what has been seen before?” The khan eventually refused and did not approve of it. <br />
<br />
<br />
今四十萬蒙古國太子空俄羅 ···(나머지 버일러들의 이름 생략)··· 我等十六國四十九貝勒, 約於昨年臘月內, 與金國衆貝勒合議, 咸謂我汗收各國, 獲玉璽, 天意明徵, 勸進之事, 實不容已. 今年新正, 復具本奏聞. 汗云, 朝鮮王吾弟也, 亦宜令彼知之.<br />
<br />
<br />
As of now, the prince of the Mongols (Ejei hongor) …. we, the forty-nine beiles of the sixteen states, made a treaty in the last leap month. We discussed this issue together with the beiles and they all said that our khan embraced all the countries and obtained the seal of the mongols. The heavenly will is manifest and the affairs of encouraging and promoting (Hong Taiji to become an emperor) indeed should not stop. In the first month of the year, we reported to the Khan and he said, “Choson king is my younger brother. It is appropriate to have him know of it.”<br />
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==='''Student 11 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
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*Discussion Questions:<br />
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==='''Student 12 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
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*Discussion Questions:<br />
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==='''Student 13 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
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*Discussion Questions:<br />
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==='''Student 14 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
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*Discussion Questions:<br />
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[[Category:2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop]]<br />
[[Category:Advanced Translation Group]]</div>Qhttp://dh.aks.ac.kr/jsg/index.php?title=(Translation)_1636%E5%B9%B4_%E5%A4%96%E8%97%A9%E8%92%99%E5%8F%A4%E6%9B%B8%E4%BF%A1&diff=18814(Translation) 1636年 外藩蒙古書信2019-07-12T02:27:05Z<p>Q: /* Student 8 : Q */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Primary Source Document3<br />
|Image = 외번몽고서신1.jpg<br />
|English = <br />
|Chinese = 丙子年 二月二日 外藩蒙古書信<br />
|Korean = 병자년 2월2일 외번몽고서신<br />
|Genre = [[Royal Court Documents]]<br />
|Type = Diplomatic Document<br />
|Author = <br />
|Year = 1636<br />
|Source = [http://sillok.history.go.kr/mc/main.do The Annals of the Qing Dynasty]<br />
|Key Concepts= <br />
|Translator = [[2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop (Advanced)#Participants | Participants of 2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop (Advanced Translation Group)]]<br />
|Editor = <br />
|Translation Year = 2019<br />
}}<br />
<gallery mode=packed-hover heights=150px caption="〈丙子年 二月二日 外藩蒙古書信〉"><br />
File:外藩蒙古書信(全).jpg|1636年 外藩蒙古書信(全)<br />
File:외번몽고서신3.jpg|1636年 外藩蒙古書信(3)<br />
File:외번몽고서신2.jpg|1636年 外藩蒙古書信(2)<br />
</gallery><br />
[[File:Backward.png|right|40px|link=2019_JSG_Summer_Hanmun_Workshop_(Advanced)#.282019.29Primary_Sources_for_Korean_Studies]]<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''Introduction'''==<br />
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=='''Original Script'''==<br />
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{|class="wikitable" style="width:80%; font-size:110%; color:#002080; background-color:#ffffff;"<br />
!style="width:2%;"| No || style="width:49%;"|〈書信〉 原本 || style="width:49%;"| [http://sillok.history.go.kr/qImageViewer/?levelId=qsilok_003_0270_0010_0020_0020_0020 『淸太宗實錄』 天聰十年 二月 二日(p.013a)]<br />
|-<br />
|style="text-align:center;" rowspan="2"| 1 ||<br />
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金國外藩各蒙古貝勒, 奉書朝鮮國王.<br />
<br />
我等蒙大明恩賞, 已二百餘年矣. 今非樂爲背離也. 祗因大明官長, 欺詐奸詭, 賄賂公行, 誑蔽君上, 大明皇帝, 茫然弗知, 貽禍家邦, 兼以將懦兵弱, 內之而奸詭昌熾, 外之而喪地折兵, 竊窺天意, 大明之歷數將終矣.<br />
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滿洲國外藩諸貝勒, 奉書朝鮮國王.<br />
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我等與明國交好, 已二百餘年矣. 今非樂爲背離也. 祗因明之諸臣, 欺詐姦詭, 賄賂公行, 蒙蔽其主, 明國皇帝, 茫然不知, 以致人心解體, 兼以將懦兵弱, 內而縱寇殃民, 外而覆師喪地, 竊窺天意, 明之曆數將終矣.<br />
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(A1) <br />
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(B1) <br />
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|style="text-align:center;" rowspan="2"| 2 ||<br />
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今我金國汗, 寬仁厚德, 博施濟衆, 招徠異國, 愛育黎庶, 語言行事, 無不恰當, 法度號令, 甚是明允, 更兼以將勇兵強, 所向無敵, 衆皆願慕, 皇天已屬意於我汗. 我等故仰承天意, 而樂就之矣. <br />
<br />
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今我滿洲國皇帝, 仁智兼全, 恩威竝濟, 招徠異國, 愛育黎庶, 立心行事, 動出公正, 法度號令, 整肅嚴明, 兼之將勇兵強, 所向無敵, 衆心願慕, 天眷有歸, 革命興邦, 知在此時矣. 我等故仰承天意, 而樂就之. <br />
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(A2) <br />
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(B2) <br />
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|style="text-align:center;" rowspan="2"| 3 ||<br />
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念我蒙古各國, 原來散亂無統. 近蒙我汗教化, 如春日之暄煦, 恩澤流洽於萬里, 我等諸國, 俱蒙福安康, 無復仍前散亂者矣. <br />
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因念我蒙古各國, 散亂無統, 近蒙我皇上, 誕布寬仁, 弘敷教化, 照臨在上, 如日方升, 流膏沛澤, 淪浹萬方, 諸國奠寧, 群生康樂.<br />
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(A3) <br />
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(B3) <br />
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|style="text-align:center;" rowspan="2"| 4 ||<br />
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是以我等各國貝勒, 曁軍民人等, 感激仁汗深恩, 每思捐軀報效, 無不傾耳戴目, 惟我汗驅使是聽, 以俟事機之至耳. 如有驅使, 即肝腦塗地, 投湯赴火, 亦莫之知避也. <br />
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是以感激上恩, 每思捐軀報効, 不憚勤勞, 聽上驅使, 以俟事機之至. 如有驅使, 即舉國從王, 攖鋒冒刃, 亦所不辭也. <br />
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(A4) <br />
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(B4) <br />
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|style="text-align:center;" rowspan="2"| 5 ||<br />
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前年蒙古各國貝勒, 朝聚於天興城中, 俱謂皇天眷顧金國, 業已顯赫, 我等宜仰承天意, 進汗尊號, 故與金國衆貝勒商議, 具本奏聞. 汗云, 果何所見而遽爲此事也, 遂拒而弗允.<br />
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去年我蒙古各國貝勒, 朝集盛京, 俱以天意眷顧我皇上, 欲恭上尊號, 以答天心, 與在內諸貝勒, 合辭陳請, 上拒而弗允.<br />
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(A5) <br />
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(B5) <br />
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|style="text-align:center;" rowspan="2"| 6 ||<br />
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今四十萬蒙古國太子空俄羅, ···(나머지 버일러들의 이름 생략)··· 我等十六國四十九貝勒, 約於昨年臘月內, 與金國衆貝勒合議, 咸謂我汗收各國, 獲玉璽, 天意明徵, 勸進之事, 實不容已. 今年新正, 復具本奏聞. 汗云, 朝鮮王吾弟也, 亦宜令彼知之. <br />
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今四十萬眾蒙古太子孔果爾, ···(나머지 버일러들의 이름 생략)··· 十六國四十九貝勒, 約於去年十二月內, 會於盛京, 與滿洲國諸貝勒議, 俱言皇上平服諸國, 兼之玉璽呈祥, 天意佑助, 信而有徵, 皇上宜建尊號, 以順天人之心. 今年新正, 復奉表奏聞. 上諭, 朝鮮王吾弟也, 亦宜令彼知之. <br />
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|style="text-align:center;" rowspan="2"| 7 ||<br />
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我等念此言甚合大義, 故特遣使相議, 王宜遣親近子弟來此, 共爲勸進可也. 我等承天意, 尊大號, 事已確定. 惟視王之從否何如耳. 特書.<br />
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我等謹遵上諭, 遣使相聞, 王可即遣親近子弟來此, 共爲陳奏. 我等承天意, 奉尊號, 事已確定. 推戴之誠, 諒王素有同心也. <br />
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=='''Discussion Questions'''==<br />
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=='''Further Readings'''==<br />
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=='''References'''==<br />
<references/><br />
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=='''Translation'''==<br />
<br />
==='''(sample) : Jaeyoon Song'''===<br />
----<br />
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*Discussion Questions:<br />
我等念此言甚合大義, 故特遣使相議, 王宜遣親近子弟來此, 共爲勸進可也. 我等承天意, 尊大號, 事已確定. 惟視王之從否何如耳. 特書<br />
<br />
As we think that these words correspond to the great righteousness, we have sent the special envoys to discuss this issue. The King of Joseon should send his brothers and sons to our place, and commonly encourage and promote [Hong Taiji]. We follow the will of heaven and elevate the great name. The state of affairs has already been established. We will only see whether or not the King of Joseon would follow us. Specially written*.<br />
<br />
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*Specially written is a common phrase used at the end of an official letter at this time.<br />
<br />
==='''Student 1 : Yishu Ma''===<br />
----<br />
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*Discussion Questions:<br />
金國外藩各蒙古貝勒, 奉書朝鮮國王.<br />
<br />
我等蒙大明恩賞, 已二百餘年矣. 今非樂爲背離也. 祗因大明官長, 欺詐奸詭, 賄賂公行, 誑蔽君上, 大明皇帝, 茫然弗知...<br />
<br />
Translation: <br />
The Mongol beiles (chiefs) from the outer fences of the State of Jin present this letter to the king of Joseon.<br />
<br />
You and I have received graces and presents from the great state of Ming for over two hundred years. Now we are unhappy to secede from the Ming state, only because the officials of the great state of Ming are cheating, cunning, and deceitful. They routinely bribe [each other] and deceive to blind the emperor [of the great Ming]. [But] the emperor [of the great Ming] is completely unaware [of these].<br />
<br />
==='''Student 2 : Samuel Sai Hay Chan 陳世熙 진세희'''===<br />
----<br />
貽禍家邦, 兼以將懦兵弱, 內之而奸詭昌熾, 外之而喪地折兵, 竊窺天意, 大明之歷數將終矣. <br />
<br />
[All these] are ruining and bringing disasters to families and the state. In addition, [the Ming's] generals are cowardly and the soldiers weak. Within [the court], perfidy and treachery are rampant. Without, lands were being lost and soldiers were being slaughtered. We humbly steal a glimpse of the will of the Heaven - the mandate of the Ming will soon meet its end. <br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 3 : Younès M'Ghari'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
今我金國汗, 寬仁厚德, 博施濟衆, 招徠異國, 愛育黎庶, 語言行事, 無不恰當, 法度號令, 甚是明允, 更兼以將勇兵強,<br />
<br />
Now our Khan of the Jin State is generous, benevolent, profoundly virtuous, [he] <span style="color:red">benefits and saves</span> the people, [he] enjoins the other countries to come, [he] loves and educates the commoners. As to the words he speaks and the conduct he has, nothing is inappropriate. As to his laws and orders, they are extremely clear and impartial. Furthermore, in addition, [his] generals being brave and [his] soldiers being strong,<br />
<br />
今我滿洲國皇帝, 仁智兼全, 恩威竝濟, 招徠異國, 愛育黎庶, 立心行事, 動出公正, 法度號令, 整肅嚴明, 兼之將勇兵強,<br />
<br />
Now our <span style="color:blue">Emperor</span> of the <span style="color:blue">Manchu State</span> is both <span style="color:blue">benevolent and wise</span> <span style="color:red">complete</span>, <span style="color:blue">[he] is kind, mighty and, also, aiding [others]</span>, [he] enjoins the other countries to come, [he] loves and educates the multitude, <span style="color:blue">[he] makes an effort to behave [appropriately]</span>, <span style="color:blue">[he] acts justly</span>. As to his laws and orders, they are extremely clear and impartial. <span style="color:blue">He consolidates strict fairness</span>. <span style="color:blue">In addition</span>, [his] generals being brave and [his] soldiers being strong,<br />
<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 4 : King Kwong Wong'''===<br />
----<br />
所向無敵, 衆皆願慕, 皇天已屬意於我汗. 我等故仰承天意, 而樂就之矣.<br />
<br />
To whomever he faces he is invincible. All desire to admire him. The August Heaven has already fixed His choice on our khan. Thereby we respect Heaven's will and delightfully comply with it, nothing more.<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
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==='''Student 5 : 신동조'''===<br />
----<br />
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*Discussion Questions:<br />
念 我蒙古各國, 原來散亂無統. 近蒙我汗教化, 如春日之暄煦, 恩澤流洽於萬里.<br />
<br />
Think. We all states of the Mongol were originally chaotic with no leadership. But recently we have received the cultivation from our Khan, which has been like the warmness of the Spring Sun. His grace flows and permeates into one thousand ''li'' from here.<br />
<br />
==='''Student 6 : Stacey Lui'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
我等諸國, 俱蒙福安康, 無復仍前散亂者矣.<br />
<br />
Our [Mongol] states have now all received fortune, stability and health, and will not again be broken and disorderly as before.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
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==='''Student 7 : Russell Guilbault'''===<br />
----<br />
是以我等各國貝勒, 曁軍民人等, 感激仁汗深恩, 每思捐軀報效, 無不傾耳戴目<br />
<br />
Because of this we are equal to the ''beile'' of every country, and the army and people are equal; we are grateful for the benevolent khan's profound grace, constantly thinking of how we may lay down our lives to repay his kindness, and no part of us does not earnestly await it.<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 8 : Q'''===<br />
----<br />
惟我汗驅使是聽, 以俟事機之至耳. <br />
<br />
["his only wish" or "we think"] Our han's [command or wish] for us is to heed, so as to wait for the final shape that the unfolding of the event would take. <br />
<br />
如有驅使, 即肝腦塗地, 投湯赴火, 亦莫之知避也.<br />
<br />
Should there be his command, be it to smear our livers and brains on the ground, leap into boiling water and walk on fire, no one [none of us] would know to evade.<br />
<br />
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*Discussion Questions:<br />
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==='''Student 9 : Yeonjae Ra'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
前年蒙古各國貝勒, 朝聚於天興城中, 俱謂皇天眷顧金國, 業已顯赫, 我等宜仰承天意, 進汗尊號,<br />
<br />
Last year, ''beile''s of every provinces from Mongol were gathered in the middle of castle prospered by the heaven(‘盛京’ in revised version). Everybody said that imperial heaven takes care of ''Jin'' Dynasty, and it is already apparent and shine. [Then] We should revere and accept the intention of the heaven, and eventually Khan [would be] respectfully named. <br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 10 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
故與金國衆貝勒商議, 具本奏聞. 汗云, 果何所見而遽爲此事也, 遂拒而弗允.<br />
Therefore, we Mongols discussed this issue with a group of beiles from the Jin state, so we could report it to the emperor.<br />
The khan said, “how can you suddenly pull up these affairs, based on what has been seen before?” Therefore, he refused and did not approve of it. <br />
<br />
今四十萬蒙古國太子空俄羅 ···(나머지 버일러들의 이름 생략)··· 我等十六國四十九貝勒, 約於昨年臘月內, 與金國衆貝勒合議, 咸謂我汗收各國, 獲玉璽, 天意明徵, 勸進之事, 實不容已. 今年新正, 復具本奏聞. 汗云, 朝鮮王吾弟也, 亦宜令彼知之.<br />
<br />
As of now, the prince of the Mongols (Ejei hongor) …. we, including the sixteen states and forty-nine beiles, made a treaty in the last leap month. I discussed this issue together with the beiles and they all said that our khan collected each state and attained the imperial seal. The heavenly will is manifest and the affairs of advancing forward truly should not stop. In the last month of the year, we reported to the Khan and he said, “Choson king is my younger brother. I should let him know of it.”<br />
<br />
==='''Student 11 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
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*Discussion Questions:<br />
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==='''Student 12 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
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*Discussion Questions:<br />
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==='''Student 13 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
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*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
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==='''Student 14 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop]]<br />
[[Category:Advanced Translation Group]]</div>Qhttp://dh.aks.ac.kr/jsg/index.php?title=(Translation)_1636%E5%B9%B4_%E5%A4%96%E8%97%A9%E8%92%99%E5%8F%A4%E6%9B%B8%E4%BF%A1&diff=18811(Translation) 1636年 外藩蒙古書信2019-07-12T02:25:25Z<p>Q: /* Student 8 : (Write your name) */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Primary Source Document3<br />
|Image = 외번몽고서신1.jpg<br />
|English = <br />
|Chinese = 丙子年 二月二日 外藩蒙古書信<br />
|Korean = 병자년 2월2일 외번몽고서신<br />
|Genre = [[Royal Court Documents]]<br />
|Type = Diplomatic Document<br />
|Author = <br />
|Year = 1636<br />
|Source = [http://sillok.history.go.kr/mc/main.do The Annals of the Qing Dynasty]<br />
|Key Concepts= <br />
|Translator = [[2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop (Advanced)#Participants | Participants of 2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop (Advanced Translation Group)]]<br />
|Editor = <br />
|Translation Year = 2019<br />
}}<br />
<gallery mode=packed-hover heights=150px caption="〈丙子年 二月二日 外藩蒙古書信〉"><br />
File:外藩蒙古書信(全).jpg|1636年 外藩蒙古書信(全)<br />
File:외번몽고서신3.jpg|1636年 外藩蒙古書信(3)<br />
File:외번몽고서신2.jpg|1636年 外藩蒙古書信(2)<br />
</gallery><br />
[[File:Backward.png|right|40px|link=2019_JSG_Summer_Hanmun_Workshop_(Advanced)#.282019.29Primary_Sources_for_Korean_Studies]]<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''Introduction'''==<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''Original Script'''==<br />
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{|class="wikitable" style="width:80%; font-size:110%; color:#002080; background-color:#ffffff;"<br />
!style="width:2%;"| No || style="width:49%;"|〈書信〉 原本 || style="width:49%;"| [http://sillok.history.go.kr/qImageViewer/?levelId=qsilok_003_0270_0010_0020_0020_0020 『淸太宗實錄』 天聰十年 二月 二日(p.013a)]<br />
|-<br />
|style="text-align:center;" rowspan="2"| 1 ||<br />
<br />
金國外藩各蒙古貝勒, 奉書朝鮮國王.<br />
<br />
我等蒙大明恩賞, 已二百餘年矣. 今非樂爲背離也. 祗因大明官長, 欺詐奸詭, 賄賂公行, 誑蔽君上, 大明皇帝, 茫然弗知, 貽禍家邦, 兼以將懦兵弱, 內之而奸詭昌熾, 外之而喪地折兵, 竊窺天意, 大明之歷數將終矣.<br />
<br />
||<br />
滿洲國外藩諸貝勒, 奉書朝鮮國王.<br />
<br />
我等與明國交好, 已二百餘年矣. 今非樂爲背離也. 祗因明之諸臣, 欺詐姦詭, 賄賂公行, 蒙蔽其主, 明國皇帝, 茫然不知, 以致人心解體, 兼以將懦兵弱, 內而縱寇殃民, 外而覆師喪地, 竊窺天意, 明之曆數將終矣.<br />
|-<br />
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(A1) <br />
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(B1) <br />
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|style="text-align:center;" rowspan="2"| 2 ||<br />
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今我金國汗, 寬仁厚德, 博施濟衆, 招徠異國, 愛育黎庶, 語言行事, 無不恰當, 法度號令, 甚是明允, 更兼以將勇兵強, 所向無敵, 衆皆願慕, 皇天已屬意於我汗. 我等故仰承天意, 而樂就之矣. <br />
<br />
||<br />
<br />
今我滿洲國皇帝, 仁智兼全, 恩威竝濟, 招徠異國, 愛育黎庶, 立心行事, 動出公正, 法度號令, 整肅嚴明, 兼之將勇兵強, 所向無敵, 衆心願慕, 天眷有歸, 革命興邦, 知在此時矣. 我等故仰承天意, 而樂就之. <br />
|-<br />
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(A2) <br />
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(B2) <br />
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|style="text-align:center;" rowspan="2"| 3 ||<br />
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念我蒙古各國, 原來散亂無統. 近蒙我汗教化, 如春日之暄煦, 恩澤流洽於萬里, 我等諸國, 俱蒙福安康, 無復仍前散亂者矣. <br />
<br />
||<br />
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因念我蒙古各國, 散亂無統, 近蒙我皇上, 誕布寬仁, 弘敷教化, 照臨在上, 如日方升, 流膏沛澤, 淪浹萬方, 諸國奠寧, 群生康樂.<br />
|-<br />
|<br />
(A3) <br />
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(B3) <br />
|-<br />
|style="text-align:center;" rowspan="2"| 4 ||<br />
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是以我等各國貝勒, 曁軍民人等, 感激仁汗深恩, 每思捐軀報效, 無不傾耳戴目, 惟我汗驅使是聽, 以俟事機之至耳. 如有驅使, 即肝腦塗地, 投湯赴火, 亦莫之知避也. <br />
<br />
||<br />
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是以感激上恩, 每思捐軀報効, 不憚勤勞, 聽上驅使, 以俟事機之至. 如有驅使, 即舉國從王, 攖鋒冒刃, 亦所不辭也. <br />
|-<br />
|<br />
(A4) <br />
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(B4) <br />
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|style="text-align:center;" rowspan="2"| 5 ||<br />
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前年蒙古各國貝勒, 朝聚於天興城中, 俱謂皇天眷顧金國, 業已顯赫, 我等宜仰承天意, 進汗尊號, 故與金國衆貝勒商議, 具本奏聞. 汗云, 果何所見而遽爲此事也, 遂拒而弗允.<br />
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||<br />
<br />
去年我蒙古各國貝勒, 朝集盛京, 俱以天意眷顧我皇上, 欲恭上尊號, 以答天心, 與在內諸貝勒, 合辭陳請, 上拒而弗允.<br />
|-<br />
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(A5) <br />
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(B5) <br />
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|style="text-align:center;" rowspan="2"| 6 ||<br />
<br />
今四十萬蒙古國太子空俄羅, ···(나머지 버일러들의 이름 생략)··· 我等十六國四十九貝勒, 約於昨年臘月內, 與金國衆貝勒合議, 咸謂我汗收各國, 獲玉璽, 天意明徵, 勸進之事, 實不容已. 今年新正, 復具本奏聞. 汗云, 朝鮮王吾弟也, 亦宜令彼知之. <br />
<br />
||<br />
<br />
今四十萬眾蒙古太子孔果爾, ···(나머지 버일러들의 이름 생략)··· 十六國四十九貝勒, 約於去年十二月內, 會於盛京, 與滿洲國諸貝勒議, 俱言皇上平服諸國, 兼之玉璽呈祥, 天意佑助, 信而有徵, 皇上宜建尊號, 以順天人之心. 今年新正, 復奉表奏聞. 上諭, 朝鮮王吾弟也, 亦宜令彼知之. <br />
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(A6) <br />
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(B6) <br />
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|style="text-align:center;" rowspan="2"| 7 ||<br />
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我等念此言甚合大義, 故特遣使相議, 王宜遣親近子弟來此, 共爲勸進可也. 我等承天意, 尊大號, 事已確定. 惟視王之從否何如耳. 特書.<br />
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我等謹遵上諭, 遣使相聞, 王可即遣親近子弟來此, 共爲陳奏. 我等承天意, 奉尊號, 事已確定. 推戴之誠, 諒王素有同心也. <br />
|-<br />
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(A7) <br />
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(B7) <br />
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|}<br />
<br />
=='''Discussion Questions'''==<br />
#<br />
#<br />
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=='''Further Readings'''==<br />
<!--<br />
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</div><br />
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*<br />
*<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''References'''==<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
=='''Translation'''==<br />
<br />
==='''(sample) : Jaeyoon Song'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
我等念此言甚合大義, 故特遣使相議, 王宜遣親近子弟來此, 共爲勸進可也. 我等承天意, 尊大號, 事已確定. 惟視王之從否何如耳. 特書<br />
<br />
As we think that these words correspond to the great righteousness, we have sent the special envoys to discuss this issue. The King of Joseon should send his brothers and sons to our place, and commonly encourage and promote [Hong Taiji]. We follow the will of heaven and elevate the great name. The state of affairs has already been established. We will only see whether or not the King of Joseon would follow us. Specially written*.<br />
<br />
<br />
*Specially written is a common phrase used at the end of an official letter at this time.<br />
<br />
==='''Student 1 : Yishu Ma''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
金國外藩各蒙古貝勒, 奉書朝鮮國王.<br />
<br />
我等蒙大明恩賞, 已二百餘年矣. 今非樂爲背離也. 祗因大明官長, 欺詐奸詭, 賄賂公行, 誑蔽君上, 大明皇帝, 茫然弗知...<br />
<br />
Translation: <br />
The Mongol beiles (chiefs) from the outer fences of the State of Jin present this letter to the king of Joseon.<br />
<br />
You and I have received graces and presents from the great state of Ming for over two hundred years. Now we are unhappy to secede from the Ming state, only because the officials of the great state of Ming are cheating, cunning, and deceitful. They routinely bribe [each other] and deceive to blind the emperor [of the great Ming]. [But] the emperor [of the great Ming] is completely unaware [of these].<br />
<br />
==='''Student 2 : Samuel Sai Hay Chan 陳世熙 진세희'''===<br />
----<br />
貽禍家邦, 兼以將懦兵弱, 內之而奸詭昌熾, 外之而喪地折兵, 竊窺天意, 大明之歷數將終矣. <br />
<br />
[All these] are ruining and bringing disasters to families and the state. In addition, [the Ming's] generals are cowardly and the soldiers weak. Within [the court], perfidy and treachery are rampant. Without, lands were being lost and soldiers were being slaughtered. We humbly steal a glimpse of the will of the Heaven - the mandate of the Ming will soon meet its end. <br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 3 : Younès M'Ghari'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
今我金國汗, 寬仁厚德, 博施濟衆, 招徠異國, 愛育黎庶, 語言行事, 無不恰當, 法度號令, 甚是明允, 更兼以將勇兵強,<br />
<br />
Now our Khan of the Jin State is generous, benevolent, profoundly virtuous, he saves the people, [he] <span style="color:red">wholeheartedly</span> benefits the people, [he] enjoins the other countries to come, [he] loves and educates the multitude. As to the words he speaks and the conduct he has, nothing is not appropriate. As to his laws and orders, they are extremely clear and impartial. Furthermore, in addition, [his] generals being brave and [his] soldiers being strong;<br />
<br />
今我滿洲國皇帝, 仁智兼全, 恩威竝濟, 招徠異國, 愛育黎庶, 立心行事, 動出公正, 法度號令, 整肅嚴明, 兼之將勇兵強,<br />
<br />
Now our <span style="color:blue">Emperor</span> of the <span style="color:blue">Manchu State</span> is <span style="color:blue">benevolent, wise and, additionally,</span> <span style="color:red">complete</span>, <span style="color:blue">[he] is kind, mighty and, also, aiding [others]</span>, [he] enjoins the other countries to come, [he] loves and educates the multitude, <span style="color:blue">[he] makes an effort to behave [appropriately]</span>, <span style="color:blue">[he] acts justly</span>. As to his laws and orders, they are extremely clear and impartial. <span style="color:blue">He consolidates strict fairness</span>. <span style="color:blue">In addition</span>, [his] generals being brave and [his] soldiers being strong;<br />
<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 4 : King Kwong Wong'''===<br />
----<br />
所向無敵, 衆皆願慕, 皇天已屬意於我汗. 我等故仰承天意, 而樂就之矣.<br />
<br />
To whomever he faces he is invincible. All desire to admire him. The August Heaven has already fixed His choice on our khan. Thereby we respect Heaven's will and delightfully comply with it, nothing more.<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 5 : 신동조'''===<br />
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<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
念 我蒙古各國, 原來散亂無統. 近蒙我汗教化, 如春日之暄煦, 恩澤流洽於萬里.<br />
<br />
Think. We all states of the Mongol were originally chaotic with no leadership. But recently we have received the cultivation from our Khan, which has been like the warmness of the Spring Sun. His grace flows and permeates into one thousand ''li'' from here.<br />
<br />
==='''Student 6 : Stacey Lui'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
我等諸國, 俱蒙福安康, 無復仍前散亂者矣.<br />
<br />
Our [Mongol] states have now all received fortune, stability and health, and will not again be broken and disorderly as before.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 7 : Russell Guilbault'''===<br />
----<br />
是以我等各國貝勒, 曁軍民人等, 感激仁汗深恩, 每思捐軀報效, 無不傾耳戴目<br />
<br />
Because of this we are equal to the ''beile'' of every country, and the army and people are equal; we are grateful for the benevolent khan's profound grace, constantly thinking of how we may lay down our lives to repay his kindness, and no part of us does not earnestly await it.<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 8 : Q'''===<br />
----<br />
惟我汗驅使是聽, 以俟事機之至耳. 如有驅使, 即肝腦塗地, 投湯赴火, 亦莫之知避也.<br />
<br />
["his only wish" or "we think"] Our han's [command or wish] for us is to heed, so as to wait for the final shape that the unfolding of the event would take. <br />
<br />
Should there be his command, no one [none of us] would know to evade even if we must smear our livers and brains on the ground, leap into boiling water and walk on fire.<br />
<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 9 : Yeonjae Ra'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
前年蒙古各國貝勒, 朝聚於天興城中, 俱謂皇天眷顧金國, 業已顯赫, 我等宜仰承天意, 進汗尊號,<br />
<br />
Last year, ''beile''s of every provinces from Mongol were gathered in the middle of castle prospered by the heaven(‘盛京’ in revised version). Everybody said that imperial heaven takes care of ''Jin'' Dynasty, and it is already apparent and shine. [Then] We should revere and accept the intention of the heaven, and eventually Khan [would be] respectfully named. <br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 10 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
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<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 11 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
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<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
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<br />
==='''Student 12 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
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<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 13 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 14 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop]]<br />
[[Category:Advanced Translation Group]]</div>Qhttp://dh.aks.ac.kr/jsg/index.php?title=(Translation)_1543%E5%B9%B4_%E6%9D%8E%E5%BD%A6%E8%BF%AA%E8%AB%AD%E6%9B%B8&diff=18774(Translation) 1543年 李彦迪諭書2019-07-12T01:37:54Z<p>Q: /* Student 8 : Q */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Primary Source Document3<br />
|Image = 1543년이언적유서.jpg<br />
|English = <br />
|Chinese = 1543年 李彦迪 諭書<br />
|Korean = 1543년 이언적 유서(''Yi Eonjeok Yuseo'')<br />
|Genre = [[Royal Court Documents]]<br />
|Type = Instructions<br />
|Author = 國王:中宗<br />
|Source = [http://archive.aks.ac.kr/Inspection/insDirView.aspx?dataUCI=G002+AKS+KSM-XA.1543.1111-20101008.B043a_065_00011_XXX Old Documents and Sources (한국고문서자료관)]<br />
|Year = 1543<br />
|Key Concepts= <br />
|Translator = [[2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop (Advanced)#Participants | Participants of 2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop (Advanced Translation Group)]]<br />
|Editor = <br />
|Translation Year = 2019<br />
}}<br />
[[File:Backward.png|right|40px|link=2019_JSG_Summer_Hanmun_Workshop_(Advanced)#.282019.29Primary_Sources_for_Korean_Studies]]<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''Introduction'''==<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''Original Script'''==<br />
<br />
{|class="wikitable" style="width:80%; font-size:110%; color:#002080; background-color:#ffffff;"<br />
!style="width:50%;"|Classical Chinese || style="width:50%;"| English <br />
|-<br />
|<br />
▣…▣ <br />
<br />
荐臻專城或存於▣▣ <br />
赤子未蒙其實澤<br />
脫有▣(緩)急, 將何措, <br />
宜益軫, 予懷其惟重臣<br />
惟卿, 德涵內外, 學造精微, 敦大而高明, <br />
方嚴而簡默, <br />
處論思之地, 嘉猷累陳, 作親民之官, 善政素著, <br />
允釐庶績, 方參廟謨, <br />
<br />
今授卿以本道觀察使兼兵馬水軍節度使<br />
卿其體予倚任<br />
專推卿孝友之政<br />
課農桑以衣食吾民<br />
明敎化以作新斯民<br />
秉大公而嚴黜陟<br />
揭至明而別情僞<br />
剸裁盤錯<br />
伸理冤枉, 罪關大憂, <br />
錄狀啓稟官 <br />
堂上斷以卿衷<br />
故玆敎示<br />
想宜知悉<br />
<br />
嘉靖▣…▣八月初十日<br />
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(translation)<br />
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<br />
=='''Discussion Questions'''==<br />
#<br />
#<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''Further Readings'''==<br />
<!--<br />
<div style="color:#008080;"><br />
* View together with '''~~'''.<br />
</div><br />
--><br />
*<br />
*<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''References'''==<br />
<references/><br />
《書·堯典》：“允釐百工，庶績咸熙。”<br />
<br />
=='''Translation'''==<br />
<br />
==='''(sample) : Jaeyoon Song'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
11. 罪關大憂, 錄狀啓稟官 堂上斷以卿衷, 故玆敎示 想宜知悉 <br />
If the crimes should raise grave concerns, you should report to the office, and the high ministers (ranking 3a and above) will make a judgment based on your faithful report. I, the king, hereby instruct you thus, and you should consider and remember all my instructions.<br />
<br />
==='''Student 1 : Yishu Ma'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
荐臻專城或存於▣▣赤子未蒙其實澤<br />
<br />
Translation: <br />
Successive local officials might be ...<br />
Common people have not yet received the real benefits [of governance].<br />
<br />
==='''Student 2 : Samuel Sai Hay Chan 陳世熙 진세희'''===<br />
----<br />
脫有▣(緩)急將何措宜益軫予懷其惟重臣 <br />
<br />
As to a sudden and urgent situation, what to do with it? One ought to handle it with more measured deliberations. I can only think of one right minister [who is qualified to take up such task].<br />
<br />
Translator's note:<br />
1. The meaning of 脫有緩急 is evading for a modern reader. But it is apparently a very common idiom during the Choson dynasty. A search in the Veritable Records of the Choson Dynasty (조선왕조실록) yields 283 results. From my brief survey, the idiom seemingly refers to a sudden and urgent situation.<br />
<br />
Example: <br />
태종실록 14권, 태종 7년 7월 27일 戊寅 2번째기사 開雲浦至甘北浦水路五息, 陸路四息, 脫有緩急, 難以相救。 <br />
<br />
세종실록 88권, 세종 22년 3월 1일 癸卯 3번째기사 今聞高興新鎭, 置於隔海之地三十餘里, 脫有緩急, 人民被虜可慮。<br />
<br />
광해군일기[중초본] 7권, 광해 1년 6월 8일 丁巳 3번째기사 近因南邊稍靜, 人之視舟師若筌然, 減損兩湖入防之船, 只存本道船二十餘隻。 其勢將至於停罷, 脫有緩急, 將何以應敵乎?<br />
<br />
2. The document used a historical variation of the word "脫." For more, see 中華民國教育部 異體字字典 http://dict2.variants.moe.edu.tw/yitia/fra/fra03334.htm<br />
<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
I Ŏnchŏk was appointed to be an official in Kyŏnggi Province, the province that shared great proximity with the capital. How did this fact change the emphasize of what Yi was expected to do in his post? Compared to officials who were appointed to different areas in the country, how was Yi's post different than, say, its counterparts in the Northern provinces?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 3 : Younès M'Ghari'''===<br />
----<br />
惟卿 德涵內外 學造精微 敦大而高明 方嚴而簡默 <br />
<br />
Only you, minister, are embodied with virtue inside and outside. Your knowledge is profound and subtle. You are great and brilliant. You are upright and solemn, and [in the same time] simple and quiet.<br />
<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
Under which circumstances this order could be declined (e.g., a disease, an ill father or son to take care of)? How would a minister notify it (through which means, which institution)? What would be the possible sanctions towards a minister refusing to obey this kind of order although he has reasons to?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 4 : King Kwong Wong'''===<br />
----<br />
處論思之地 嘉猷累陳 作親民之官, 善政素著 <br />
When posited in situations of discussing your ideas, you repeatedly lay out excellent plans for governance. Being an official of renewing people, your good governance is always outstanding.<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
What were the duties of Surveillance Commissioner (觀察使) and Military Commissioner (節度使)? What were the qualities the king was looking for when appointing someone to these posts? How important were these posts to regional governance?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 5 : 신동조'''===<br />
----<br />
允釐庶績 方參廟謨 <br />
<br />
You have governed many tasks so sincerely that you can now participate in the discussion of the court.<br />
<br />
Discussion Questions: Could the contemporaries misinterpret these documents? In the case of 貺, it could be misread as "脫," which could change the meaning of the sentence...<br />
<br />
==='''Student 6 : Stacey Lui'''===<br />
----<br />
卿其體予倚任 專推卿孝友之政<br />
<br />
I deeply trust your character. Now you should devote yourself to extending the governance of filial piety and friendship.<br />
<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
Are there any examples of appointments being made without the use of such flattering language?<br />
What was the process of appointing officials to their posts? Did the officials themselves have any say in the matter?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 7 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
課農桑以衣食吾民<br />
<br />
Study farming and sericulture to feed and clothe our people.<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 8 : Q'''===<br />
----<br />
明敎化以作新斯民<br />
<br />
Let "instruction and transformation" shine so as to renew this people of ours.<br />
<br />
作新斯民 as verb 作 + object 新斯民, which can also be thought of as verb 新 + object 斯民, can be seen [http://sillok.history.go.kr/main/main.do here].<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
How did the people of Choson court reconcile the abstract language, of which this is an example, and the possible implications regarding various issues mentioned in the process of applying them?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 9 : Yeonjae Ra'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
秉大公而嚴黜陟<br />
Hold onto the great fairness, and be strict to promotion and expel. <br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 10 : (Kanghun Ahn)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
揭至明而別情僞剸裁盤錯伸理冤枉<br />
<br />
Lifting up the supreme luminosity (intelligence), in order to differentiate what is right and wrong, cutting out the entangled issues, and relieving the unresolved grievances<br />
<br />
==='''Student 11 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 12 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 13 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 14 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop]]<br />
[[Category:Advanced Translation Group]]</div>Qhttp://dh.aks.ac.kr/jsg/index.php?title=(Translation)_1543%E5%B9%B4_%E6%9D%8E%E5%BD%A6%E8%BF%AA%E8%AB%AD%E6%9B%B8&diff=18761(Translation) 1543年 李彦迪諭書2019-07-12T01:14:20Z<p>Q: /* Student 8 : Q */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Primary Source Document3<br />
|Image = 1543년이언적유서.jpg<br />
|English = <br />
|Chinese = 1543年 李彦迪 諭書<br />
|Korean = 1543년 이언적 유서(''Yi Eonjeok Yuseo'')<br />
|Genre = [[Royal Court Documents]]<br />
|Type = Instructions<br />
|Author = 國王:中宗<br />
|Source = [http://archive.aks.ac.kr/Inspection/insDirView.aspx?dataUCI=G002+AKS+KSM-XA.1543.1111-20101008.B043a_065_00011_XXX Old Documents and Sources (한국고문서자료관)]<br />
|Year = 1543<br />
|Key Concepts= <br />
|Translator = [[2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop (Advanced)#Participants | Participants of 2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop (Advanced Translation Group)]]<br />
|Editor = <br />
|Translation Year = 2019<br />
}}<br />
[[File:Backward.png|right|40px|link=2019_JSG_Summer_Hanmun_Workshop_(Advanced)#.282019.29Primary_Sources_for_Korean_Studies]]<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''Introduction'''==<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''Original Script'''==<br />
<br />
{|class="wikitable" style="width:80%; font-size:110%; color:#002080; background-color:#ffffff;"<br />
!style="width:50%;"|Classical Chinese || style="width:50%;"| English <br />
|-<br />
|<br />
▣…▣ <br />
<br />
荐臻專城或存於▣▣ <br />
赤子未蒙其實澤<br />
脫有▣(緩)急, 將何措, <br />
宜益軫, 予懷其惟重臣<br />
惟卿, 德涵內外, 學造精微, 敦大而高明, <br />
方嚴而簡默, <br />
處論思之地, 嘉猷累陳, 作親民之官, 善政素著, <br />
允釐庶績, 方參廟謨, <br />
<br />
今授卿以本道觀察使兼兵馬水軍節度使<br />
卿其體予倚任<br />
專推卿孝友之政<br />
課農桑以衣食吾民<br />
明敎化以作新斯民<br />
秉大公而嚴黜陟<br />
揭至明而別情僞<br />
剸裁盤錯<br />
伸理冤枉, 罪關大憂, <br />
錄狀啓稟官 <br />
堂上斷以卿衷<br />
故玆敎示<br />
想宜知悉<br />
<br />
嘉靖▣…▣八月初十日<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
||<br />
(translation)<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=='''Discussion Questions'''==<br />
#<br />
#<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''Further Readings'''==<br />
<!--<br />
<div style="color:#008080;"><br />
* View together with '''~~'''.<br />
</div><br />
--><br />
*<br />
*<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''References'''==<br />
<references/><br />
《書·堯典》：“允釐百工，庶績咸熙。”<br />
<br />
=='''Translation'''==<br />
<br />
==='''(sample) : Jaeyoon Song'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
11. 罪關大憂, 錄狀啓稟官 堂上斷以卿衷, 故玆敎示 想宜知悉 <br />
If the crimes should raise grave concerns, you should report to the office, and the high ministers (ranking 3a and above) will make a judgment based on your faithful report. I, the king, hereby instruct you thus, and you should consider and remember all my instructions.<br />
<br />
==='''Student 1 : Yishu Ma'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
荐臻專城或存於▣▣赤子未蒙其實澤<br />
<br />
Translation: <br />
Successive local officials might be ...<br />
Common people have not yet received the real benefits [of governance].<br />
<br />
==='''Student 2 : Samuel Sai Hay Chan 陳世熙 진세희'''===<br />
----<br />
眖有▣(緩)急將何措宜益軫予懷其惟重臣 <br />
<br />
There are matters non-urgent and urgent. What to do with them? One ought to handle them with more measured deliberations. I can only think of one right minister [who is qualified to take up such task].<br />
<br />
Translator's note:<br />
The meaning of 脫有緩急 is evading for a modern reader. But it is apparently a very common idiom during the Choson dynasty. A search in the Veritable Records of the Choson Dynasty (조선왕조실록) yields 283 results. From my brief survey, the idiom is seemingly related to military or logistical maneuverability and used to describe a difficulty in maneuvering. <br />
<br />
Example: <br />
태종실록 14권, 태종 7년 7월 27일 戊寅 2번째기사 開雲浦至甘北浦水路五息, 陸路四息, 脫有緩急, 難以相救。 <br />
<br />
세종실록 88권, 세종 22년 3월 1일 癸卯 3번째기사 今聞高興新鎭, 置於隔海之地三十餘里, 脫有緩急, 人民被虜可慮。<br />
<br />
광해군일기[중초본] 7권, 광해 1년 6월 8일 丁巳 3번째기사 近因南邊稍靜, 人之視舟師若筌蹄然, 減損兩湖入防之船, 只存本道船二十餘隻。 其勢將至於停罷, 脫有緩急, 將何以應敵乎?<br />
<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 3 : Younès M'Ghari'''===<br />
----<br />
惟卿 德涵內外 學造精微 敦大而高明 方嚴而簡默 <br />
<br />
Only you, minister, are embodied with virtue inside and outside. Your knowledge is profound and subtle. You are great and brilliant. You are upright and solemn, and [in the same time] simple and quiet.<br />
<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
Under which circumstances this order could be declined (e.g., a disease, an ill father or son to take care of)? How would a minister notify it (through which means, which institution)? What would be the possible sanctions towards a minister refusing to obey this kind of order although he has reasons to?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 4 : King Kwong Wong'''===<br />
----<br />
處論思之地 嘉猷累陳 作親民之官, 善政素著 <br />
When posited in situations of discussing your ideas, you repeatedly lay out excellent plans for governance. Being an official of renewing people, your good governance is always outstanding.<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 5 : 신동조'''===<br />
----<br />
允釐庶績 方參廟謨 <br />
<br />
You have governed many tasks so sincerely that you can now participate in the discussion of the court.<br />
<br />
==='''Student 6 : Stacey Lui'''===<br />
----<br />
卿其體予倚任 專推卿孝友之政<br />
<br />
I deeply trust your character. Now you should devote yourself to extending the governance of filial piety and friendship.<br />
<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 7 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
課農桑以衣食吾民<br />
<br />
Study farming and sericulture to feed and clothe our people.<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 8 : Q'''===<br />
----<br />
明敎化以作新斯民<br />
<br />
Let "instruction and transformation" shine so as to renew this people of ours.<br />
<br />
作新斯民 as verb 作 + object 新斯民, which can also be thought of as verb 新 + object 斯民, can be seen [http://sillok.history.go.kr/main/main.do here].<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 9 : Yeonjae Ra'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
秉大公而嚴黜陟<br />
Hold onto the great fairness, and be strict to promotion and expel. <br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 10 : (Kanghun Ahn)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
揭至明而別情僞剸裁盤錯伸理冤枉<br />
<br />
Lifting up the supreme luminosity (intelligence), in order to differentiate what is right and wrong, cutting out the entangled issues, and relieving the unresolved grievances<br />
<br />
==='''Student 11 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 12 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 13 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 14 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop]]<br />
[[Category:Advanced Translation Group]]</div>Qhttp://dh.aks.ac.kr/jsg/index.php?title=(Translation)_1543%E5%B9%B4_%E6%9D%8E%E5%BD%A6%E8%BF%AA%E8%AB%AD%E6%9B%B8&diff=18753(Translation) 1543年 李彦迪諭書2019-07-12T01:03:02Z<p>Q: /* Student 8 : Q */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Primary Source Document3<br />
|Image = 1543년이언적유서.jpg<br />
|English = <br />
|Chinese = 1543年 李彦迪 諭書<br />
|Korean = 1543년 이언적 유서(''Yi Eonjeok Yuseo'')<br />
|Genre = [[Royal Court Documents]]<br />
|Type = Instructions<br />
|Author = 國王:中宗<br />
|Source = [http://archive.aks.ac.kr/Inspection/insDirView.aspx?dataUCI=G002+AKS+KSM-XA.1543.1111-20101008.B043a_065_00011_XXX Old Documents and Sources (한국고문서자료관)]<br />
|Year = 1543<br />
|Key Concepts= <br />
|Translator = [[2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop (Advanced)#Participants | Participants of 2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop (Advanced Translation Group)]]<br />
|Editor = <br />
|Translation Year = 2019<br />
}}<br />
[[File:Backward.png|right|40px|link=2019_JSG_Summer_Hanmun_Workshop_(Advanced)#.282019.29Primary_Sources_for_Korean_Studies]]<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''Introduction'''==<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''Original Script'''==<br />
<br />
{|class="wikitable" style="width:80%; font-size:110%; color:#002080; background-color:#ffffff;"<br />
!style="width:50%;"|Classical Chinese || style="width:50%;"| English <br />
|-<br />
|<br />
▣…▣ <br />
<br />
荐臻專城或存於▣▣赤子未蒙其實澤 <br />
<br />
眖有▣(緩)急將何措宜益軫予懷其惟重臣 <br />
<br />
惟卿德涵內外學造精微敦大而高明方嚴 <br />
<br />
而簡默處論思之地嘉猷累陳作親民之官善 <br />
<br />
政素著允釐庶績方參廟謨今授卿以本道 <br />
<br />
觀察使兼兵馬水軍節度使卿其體予倚任 <br />
<br />
專推卿孝友之政課農桑以衣食吾民明敎 <br />
<br />
化以作新斯民秉大公而嚴黜陟揭至明而別 <br />
<br />
情僞剸裁盤錯伸理冤枉罪關大憂錄狀啓 <br />
<br />
稟官▣堂上斷以卿衷故玆敎示想宜知悉 <br />
<br />
嘉靖▣…▣八月初十日<br />
<br />
---------<br />
荐臻專城或存於▣▣ <br />
赤子未蒙其實澤<br />
眖有▣(緩)急, 將何措, <br />
宜益軫, 予懷其惟重臣<br />
惟卿, 德涵內外, 學造精微, 敦大而高明, <br />
方嚴而簡默, <br />
處論思之地, 嘉猷累陳, 作親民之官, 善政素著, <br />
允釐庶績, 方參廟謨, <br />
<br />
今授卿以本道觀察使兼兵馬水軍節度使<br />
卿其體予倚任<br />
專推卿孝友之政<br />
課農桑以衣食吾民<br />
明敎化以作新斯民<br />
秉大公而嚴黜陟<br />
揭至明而別情僞<br />
剸裁盤錯<br />
伸理冤枉, 罪關大憂, <br />
錄狀啓稟官 <br />
堂上斷以卿衷<br />
故玆敎示<br />
想宜知悉<br />
<br />
嘉靖▣…▣八月初十日<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
||<br />
(translation)<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=='''Discussion Questions'''==<br />
#<br />
#<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''Further Readings'''==<br />
<!--<br />
<div style="color:#008080;"><br />
* View together with '''~~'''.<br />
</div><br />
--><br />
*<br />
*<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''References'''==<br />
<references/><br />
《書·堯典》：“允釐百工，庶績咸熙。”<br />
<br />
=='''Translation'''==<br />
<br />
==='''(sample) : Jaeyoon Song'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
11. 罪關大憂, 錄狀啓稟官 堂上斷以卿衷, 故玆敎示 想宜知悉 <br />
If the crimes should raise grave concerns, you should report to the office, and the high ministers (ranking 3a and above) will make a judgment based on your faithful report. I, the king, hereby instruct you thus, and you should consider and remember all my instructions.<br />
<br />
==='''Student 1 : Yishu Ma'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
荐臻專城或存於▣▣赤子未蒙其實澤<br />
<br />
Translation: <br />
Successive local officials might be ...<br />
Common people have not yet received the real benefits [of governance].<br />
<br />
==='''Student 2 : Samuel Sai Hay Chan 陳世熙 진세희'''===<br />
----<br />
眖有▣(緩)急將何措宜益軫予懷其惟重臣 <br />
<br />
There are matters non-urgent and urgent. What to do with them? One ought to handle them with more measured deliberations. I can only think of one right minister [who is qualified to take up such task].<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 3 : Younès M'Ghari'''===<br />
----<br />
惟卿 德涵內外 學造精微 敦大而高明 方嚴而簡默 <br />
<br />
Only you, minister, are embodied with virtue inside and outside. Your knowledge is profound and subtle. You are great and brilliant. You are upright and solemn, and [in the same time] simple and quiet.<br />
<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
Under which circumstances this order could be declined (e.g., a disease, an ill father or son to take care of)? How would a minister notify it (through which means, which institution)? What would be the possible sanctions towards a minister refusing to obey this kind of order although he has reasons to?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 4 : King Kwong Wong'''===<br />
----<br />
處論思之地 嘉猷累陳 作親民之官, 善政素著 <br />
When posited in situations of discussing your ideas, you repeatedly lay out excellent plans for governance. Being an official of renewing people, your good governance is always outstanding.<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 5 : 신동조'''===<br />
----<br />
允釐庶績 方參廟謨 <br />
<br />
You have governed many tasks so sincerely that you can now participate in the discussion of the court.<br />
<br />
==='''Student 6 : Stacey Lui'''===<br />
----<br />
卿其體予倚任 專推卿孝友之政<br />
<br />
I deeply trust your character. Now you should devote yourself to extending the governance of filial piety and friendship.<br />
<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 7 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
課農桑以衣食吾民<br />
<br />
Study farming and sericulture to feed and clothe our people.<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 8 : Q'''===<br />
----<br />
明敎化以作新斯民<br />
<br />
Let "instruction and transformation" shine so as to renew this people of ours.<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 9 : Yeonjae Ra'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
秉大公而嚴黜陟<br />
Hold onto the great fairness, and be strict to promotion and expel. <br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 10 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
揭至明而別情僞剸裁盤錯伸理冤枉<br />
<br />
==='''Student 11 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 12 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 13 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 14 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop]]<br />
[[Category:Advanced Translation Group]]</div>Qhttp://dh.aks.ac.kr/jsg/index.php?title=(Translation)_1543%E5%B9%B4_%E6%9D%8E%E5%BD%A6%E8%BF%AA%E8%AB%AD%E6%9B%B8&diff=18750(Translation) 1543年 李彦迪諭書2019-07-12T00:53:54Z<p>Q: /* Student 8 : Q */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Primary Source Document3<br />
|Image = 1543년이언적유서.jpg<br />
|English = <br />
|Chinese = 1543年 李彦迪 諭書<br />
|Korean = 1543년 이언적 유서(''Yi Eonjeok Yuseo'')<br />
|Genre = [[Royal Court Documents]]<br />
|Type = Instructions<br />
|Author = 國王:中宗<br />
|Source = [http://archive.aks.ac.kr/Inspection/insDirView.aspx?dataUCI=G002+AKS+KSM-XA.1543.1111-20101008.B043a_065_00011_XXX Old Documents and Sources (한국고문서자료관)]<br />
|Year = 1543<br />
|Key Concepts= <br />
|Translator = [[2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop (Advanced)#Participants | Participants of 2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop (Advanced Translation Group)]]<br />
|Editor = <br />
|Translation Year = 2019<br />
}}<br />
[[File:Backward.png|right|40px|link=2019_JSG_Summer_Hanmun_Workshop_(Advanced)#.282019.29Primary_Sources_for_Korean_Studies]]<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''Introduction'''==<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''Original Script'''==<br />
<br />
{|class="wikitable" style="width:80%; font-size:110%; color:#002080; background-color:#ffffff;"<br />
!style="width:50%;"|Classical Chinese || style="width:50%;"| English <br />
|-<br />
|<br />
▣…▣ <br />
<br />
荐臻專城或存於▣▣赤子未蒙其實澤 <br />
<br />
眖有▣(緩)急將何措宜益軫予懷其惟重臣 <br />
<br />
惟卿德涵內外學造精微敦大而高明方嚴 <br />
<br />
而簡默處論思之地嘉猷累陳作親民之官善 <br />
<br />
政素著允釐庶績方參廟謨今授卿以本道 <br />
<br />
觀察使兼兵馬水軍節度使卿其體予倚任 <br />
<br />
專推卿孝友之政課農桑以衣食吾民明敎 <br />
<br />
化以作新斯民秉大公而嚴黜陟揭至明而別 <br />
<br />
情僞剸裁盤錯伸理冤枉罪關大憂錄狀啓 <br />
<br />
稟官▣堂上斷以卿衷故玆敎示想宜知悉 <br />
<br />
嘉靖▣…▣八月初十日<br />
<br />
---------<br />
荐臻專城或存於▣▣ <br />
赤子未蒙其實澤<br />
眖有▣(緩)急, 將何措, <br />
宜益軫, 予懷其惟重臣<br />
惟卿, 德涵內外, 學造精微, 敦大而高明, <br />
方嚴而簡默, <br />
處論思之地, 嘉猷累陳, 作親民之官, 善政素著, <br />
允釐庶績, 方參廟謨, <br />
<br />
今授卿以本道觀察使兼兵馬水軍節度使<br />
卿其體予倚任<br />
專推卿孝友之政<br />
課農桑以衣食吾民<br />
明敎化以作新斯民<br />
秉大公而嚴黜陟<br />
揭至明而別情僞<br />
剸裁盤錯<br />
伸理冤枉, 罪關大憂, <br />
錄狀啓稟官 <br />
堂上斷以卿衷<br />
故玆敎示<br />
想宜知悉<br />
<br />
嘉靖▣…▣八月初十日<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
||<br />
(translation)<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=='''Discussion Questions'''==<br />
#<br />
#<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''Further Readings'''==<br />
<!--<br />
<div style="color:#008080;"><br />
* View together with '''~~'''.<br />
</div><br />
--><br />
*<br />
*<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''References'''==<br />
<references/><br />
《書·堯典》：“允釐百工，庶績咸熙。”<br />
<br />
=='''Translation'''==<br />
<br />
==='''(sample) : Jaeyoon Song'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
11. 罪關大憂, 錄狀啓稟官 堂上斷以卿衷, 故玆敎示 想宜知悉 <br />
If the crimes should raise grave concerns, you should report to the office, and the high ministers (ranking 3a and above) will make a judgment based on your faithful report. I, the king, hereby instruct you thus, and you should consider and remember all my instructions.<br />
<br />
==='''Student 1 : Yishu Ma'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
荐臻專城或存於▣▣赤子未蒙其實澤<br />
<br />
Translation: <br />
Successive local officials might be ...<br />
Common people have not yet received the real benefits [of governance].<br />
<br />
==='''Student 2 : Samuel Sai Hay Chan 陳世熙 진세희'''===<br />
----<br />
眖有▣(緩)急將何措宜益軫予懷其惟重臣 <br />
<br />
There are matters non-urgent and urgent. What to do with them? One ought to handle them with more measured deliberations. I can only think of one right minister [who is qualified to take up such task].<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 3 : Younès M'Ghari'''===<br />
----<br />
惟卿 德涵內外 學造精微 敦大而高明 方嚴而簡默 <br />
<br />
Only you, minister, are embodied with virtue inside and outside. Your knowledge is profound and subtle. You are great and brilliant. You are upright and solemn, and [in the same time] simple and quiet.<br />
<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
Under which circumstances this order could be declined (e.g., a disease, an ill father or son to take care of)? How would a minister notify it (through which means, which institution)? What would be the possible sanctions towards a minister refusing to obey this kind of order although he has reasons to?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 4 : King Kwong Wong'''===<br />
----<br />
處論思之地 嘉猷累陳 作親民之官, 善政素著 <br />
When posited in situations of discussing your ideas, you repeatedly lay out excellent plans for governance. Being an official of renewing people, your good governance is always outstanding.<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 5 : 신동조'''===<br />
----<br />
允釐庶績 方參廟謨 <br />
<br />
You have governed many tasks so sincerely that you can now participate in the discussion of the court.<br />
<br />
==='''Student 6 : Stacey Lui'''===<br />
----<br />
卿其體予倚任 專推卿孝友之政<br />
<br />
I deeply trust your character. Now you should devote yourself to extending the governance of filial piety and friendship.<br />
<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 7 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
課農桑以衣食吾民<br />
<br />
Levy a tax on farms and silk (or, farming and sericulture) to feed and clothe our people.<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 8 : Q'''===<br />
----<br />
明敎化以作新斯民<br />
<br />
Let [wrong but: edification or "instruction and transformation"] shine [by or so as to] [leading or causing] the people to renew themselves.<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 9 : Yeonjae Ra'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
秉大公而嚴黜陟<br />
Hold onto the great fairness, and be strict to promotion and expel. <br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 10 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
揭至明而別情僞剸裁盤錯伸理冤枉<br />
<br />
==='''Student 11 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 12 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 13 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 14 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop]]<br />
[[Category:Advanced Translation Group]]</div>Qhttp://dh.aks.ac.kr/jsg/index.php?title=(Translation)_1543%E5%B9%B4_%E6%9D%8E%E5%BD%A6%E8%BF%AA%E8%AB%AD%E6%9B%B8&diff=18741(Translation) 1543年 李彦迪諭書2019-07-12T00:36:07Z<p>Q: /* Student 8 : Q */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Primary Source Document3<br />
|Image = 1543년이언적유서.jpg<br />
|English = <br />
|Chinese = 1543年 李彦迪 諭書<br />
|Korean = 1543년 이언적 유서(''Yi Eonjeok Yuseo'')<br />
|Genre = [[Royal Court Documents]]<br />
|Type = Instructions<br />
|Author = 國王:中宗<br />
|Source = [http://archive.aks.ac.kr/Inspection/insDirView.aspx?dataUCI=G002+AKS+KSM-XA.1543.1111-20101008.B043a_065_00011_XXX Old Documents and Sources (한국고문서자료관)]<br />
|Year = 1543<br />
|Key Concepts= <br />
|Translator = [[2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop (Advanced)#Participants | Participants of 2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop (Advanced Translation Group)]]<br />
|Editor = <br />
|Translation Year = 2019<br />
}}<br />
[[File:Backward.png|right|40px|link=2019_JSG_Summer_Hanmun_Workshop_(Advanced)#.282019.29Primary_Sources_for_Korean_Studies]]<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''Introduction'''==<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''Original Script'''==<br />
<br />
{|class="wikitable" style="width:80%; font-size:110%; color:#002080; background-color:#ffffff;"<br />
!style="width:50%;"|Classical Chinese || style="width:50%;"| English <br />
|-<br />
|<br />
▣…▣ <br />
<br />
荐臻專城或存於▣▣赤子未蒙其實澤 <br />
<br />
眖有▣(緩)急將何措宜益軫予懷其惟重臣 <br />
<br />
惟卿德涵內外學造精微敦大而高明方嚴 <br />
<br />
而簡默處論思之地嘉猷累陳作親民之官善 <br />
<br />
政素著允釐庶績方參廟謨今授卿以本道 <br />
<br />
觀察使兼兵馬水軍節度使卿其體予倚任 <br />
<br />
專推卿孝友之政課農桑以衣食吾民明敎 <br />
<br />
化以作新斯民秉大公而嚴黜陟揭至明而別 <br />
<br />
情僞剸裁盤錯伸理冤枉罪關大憂錄狀啓 <br />
<br />
稟官▣堂上斷以卿衷故玆敎示想宜知悉 <br />
<br />
嘉靖▣…▣八月初十日<br />
<br />
---------<br />
荐臻專城或存於▣▣ <br />
赤子未蒙其實澤<br />
眖有▣(緩)急, 將何措, <br />
宜益軫, 予懷其惟重臣<br />
惟卿, 德涵內外, 學造精微, 敦大而高明, <br />
方嚴而簡默, <br />
處論思之地, 嘉猷累陳, 作親民之官, 善政素著, <br />
允釐庶績, 方參廟謨, <br />
<br />
今授卿以本道觀察使兼兵馬水軍節度使<br />
卿其體予倚任<br />
專推卿孝友之政<br />
課農桑以衣食吾民<br />
明敎化以作新斯民<br />
秉大公而嚴黜陟<br />
揭至明而別情僞<br />
剸裁盤錯<br />
伸理冤枉, 罪關大憂, <br />
錄狀啓稟官 <br />
堂上斷以卿衷<br />
故玆敎示<br />
想宜知悉<br />
<br />
嘉靖▣…▣八月初十日<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
||<br />
(translation)<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=='''Discussion Questions'''==<br />
#<br />
#<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''Further Readings'''==<br />
<!--<br />
<div style="color:#008080;"><br />
* View together with '''~~'''.<br />
</div><br />
--><br />
*<br />
*<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''References'''==<br />
<references/><br />
《書·堯典》：“允釐百工，庶績咸熙。”<br />
<br />
=='''Translation'''==<br />
<br />
==='''(sample) : Jaeyoon Song'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
11. 罪關大憂, 錄狀啓稟官 堂上斷以卿衷, 故玆敎示 想宜知悉 <br />
If the crimes should raise grave concerns, you should report to the office, and the high ministers (ranking 3a and above) will make a judgment based on your faithful report. I, the king, hereby instruct you thus, and you should consider and remember all my instructions.<br />
<br />
==='''Student 1 : Yishu Ma'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
荐臻專城或存於▣▣赤子未蒙其實澤<br />
<br />
Translation: <br />
Successive local officials might be ...<br />
Common people have not yet received the real benefits [of governance].<br />
<br />
==='''Student 2 : Samuel Sai Hay Chan 陳世熙 진세희'''===<br />
----<br />
眖有▣(緩)急將何措宜益軫予懷其惟重臣 <br />
<br />
There are matters non-urgent and urgent. What to do with them? One would be benefited with more measured deliberations. I think only you, my important minister, is qualified to take up the role. <br />
<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 3 : Younès M'Ghari'''===<br />
----<br />
惟卿 德涵內外 學造精微 敦大而高明 方嚴而簡默 <br />
<br />
Only you, minister, are embodied with virtue inside and outside. Your knowledge is profound and subtle. You are great and brilliant. You are upright and solemn, and [in the same time] simple and quiet.<br />
<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
Under which circumstances this order could be declined (e.g., a disease, an ill father or son to take care of)? How would a minister notify it (through which means, which institution)? What would be the possible sanctions towards a minister refusing to obey this kind of order although he has reasons to?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 4 : King Kwong Wong'''===<br />
----<br />
處論思之地 嘉猷累陳 作親民之官<br />
When posited in the situation of discussing his ideas, you repeatedly stated good plans for governance. Being an official of renewing people, <br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 5 : 신동조'''===<br />
----<br />
善政素著 允釐庶績 方參廟謨 <br />
<br />
[You] must govern well all the time; Govern numerous artisans sincerely and (?) [or "Govern sincerely, then you can achieve many things."]; Always participate in the discussion of the court<br />
<br />
==='''Student 6 : Stacey Lui'''===<br />
----<br />
卿其體予倚任 專推卿孝友之政<br />
<br />
I rely on you, my minister. You who devote yourself to the promotion of what is filial and companionable.<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 7 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 8 : Q'''===<br />
----<br />
明敎化以作新斯民<br />
<br />
Let [wrong but: edification or "instruction and transformation"] shine by [leading or causing] the people to renew themselves.<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 9 : Yeonjae Ra'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
秉大公而嚴黜陟<br />
Hold onto the great fairness, and be strict to promotion and expel. <br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 10 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
揭至明而別情僞剸裁盤錯伸理冤枉<br />
<br />
==='''Student 11 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 12 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 13 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 14 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop]]<br />
[[Category:Advanced Translation Group]]</div>Qhttp://dh.aks.ac.kr/jsg/index.php?title=(Translation)_1543%E5%B9%B4_%E6%9D%8E%E5%BD%A6%E8%BF%AA%E8%AB%AD%E6%9B%B8&diff=18740(Translation) 1543年 李彦迪諭書2019-07-12T00:35:16Z<p>Q: /* Student 8 : Q */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Primary Source Document3<br />
|Image = 1543년이언적유서.jpg<br />
|English = <br />
|Chinese = 1543年 李彦迪 諭書<br />
|Korean = 1543년 이언적 유서(''Yi Eonjeok Yuseo'')<br />
|Genre = [[Royal Court Documents]]<br />
|Type = Instructions<br />
|Author = 國王:中宗<br />
|Source = [http://archive.aks.ac.kr/Inspection/insDirView.aspx?dataUCI=G002+AKS+KSM-XA.1543.1111-20101008.B043a_065_00011_XXX Old Documents and Sources (한국고문서자료관)]<br />
|Year = 1543<br />
|Key Concepts= <br />
|Translator = [[2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop (Advanced)#Participants | Participants of 2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop (Advanced Translation Group)]]<br />
|Editor = <br />
|Translation Year = 2019<br />
}}<br />
[[File:Backward.png|right|40px|link=2019_JSG_Summer_Hanmun_Workshop_(Advanced)#.282019.29Primary_Sources_for_Korean_Studies]]<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''Introduction'''==<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''Original Script'''==<br />
<br />
{|class="wikitable" style="width:80%; font-size:110%; color:#002080; background-color:#ffffff;"<br />
!style="width:50%;"|Classical Chinese || style="width:50%;"| English <br />
|-<br />
|<br />
▣…▣ <br />
<br />
荐臻專城或存於▣▣赤子未蒙其實澤 <br />
<br />
眖有▣(緩)急將何措宜益軫予懷其惟重臣 <br />
<br />
惟卿德涵內外學造精微敦大而高明方嚴 <br />
<br />
而簡默處論思之地嘉猷累陳作親民之官善 <br />
<br />
政素著允釐庶績方參廟謨今授卿以本道 <br />
<br />
觀察使兼兵馬水軍節度使卿其體予倚任 <br />
<br />
專推卿孝友之政課農桑以衣食吾民明敎 <br />
<br />
化以作新斯民秉大公而嚴黜陟揭至明而別 <br />
<br />
情僞剸裁盤錯伸理冤枉罪關大憂錄狀啓 <br />
<br />
稟官▣堂上斷以卿衷故玆敎示想宜知悉 <br />
<br />
嘉靖▣…▣八月初十日<br />
<br />
---------<br />
荐臻專城或存於▣▣ <br />
赤子未蒙其實澤<br />
眖有▣(緩)急, 將何措, <br />
宜益軫, 予懷其惟重臣<br />
惟卿, 德涵內外, 學造精微, 敦大而高明, <br />
方嚴而簡默, <br />
處論思之地, 嘉猷累陳, 作親民之官, 善政素著, <br />
允釐庶績, 方參廟謨, <br />
<br />
今授卿以本道觀察使兼兵馬水軍節度使<br />
卿其體予倚任<br />
專推卿孝友之政<br />
課農桑以衣食吾民<br />
明敎化以作新斯民<br />
秉大公而嚴黜陟<br />
揭至明而別情僞<br />
剸裁盤錯<br />
伸理冤枉, 罪關大憂, <br />
錄狀啓稟官 <br />
堂上斷以卿衷<br />
故玆敎示<br />
想宜知悉<br />
<br />
嘉靖▣…▣八月初十日<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
||<br />
(translation)<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=='''Discussion Questions'''==<br />
#<br />
#<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''Further Readings'''==<br />
<!--<br />
<div style="color:#008080;"><br />
* View together with '''~~'''.<br />
</div><br />
--><br />
*<br />
*<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''References'''==<br />
<references/><br />
《書·堯典》：“允釐百工，庶績咸熙。”<br />
<br />
=='''Translation'''==<br />
<br />
==='''(sample) : Jaeyoon Song'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
11. 罪關大憂, 錄狀啓稟官 堂上斷以卿衷, 故玆敎示 想宜知悉 <br />
If the crimes should raise grave concerns, you should report to the office, and the high ministers (ranking 3a and above) will make a judgment based on your faithful report. I, the king, hereby instruct you thus, and you should consider and remember all my instructions.<br />
<br />
==='''Student 1 : Yishu Ma'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
荐臻專城或存於▣▣赤子未蒙其實澤<br />
<br />
Translation: <br />
Successive local officials might be ...<br />
Common people have not yet received the real benefits [of governance].<br />
<br />
==='''Student 2 : Samuel Sai Hay Chan 陳世熙 진세희'''===<br />
----<br />
眖有▣(緩)急將何措宜益軫予懷其惟重臣 <br />
<br />
There are matters non-urgent and urgent. What to do with them? One would be benefited with more measured deliberations. I think only you, my important minister, is qualified to take up the role. <br />
<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 3 : Younès M'Ghari'''===<br />
----<br />
惟卿 德涵內外 學造精微 敦大而高明 方嚴而簡默 <br />
<br />
Only you, minister, are embodied with virtue inside and outside. Your knowledge is profound and subtle. You are great and brilliant. You are upright and solemn, and [in the same time] simple and quiet.<br />
<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
Under which circumstances this order could be declined (e.g., a disease, an ill father or son to take care of)? How would a minister notify it (through which means, which institution)? What would be the possible sanctions towards a minister refusing to obey this kind of order although he has reasons to?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 4 : King Kwong Wong'''===<br />
----<br />
處論思之地 嘉猷累陳 作親民之官<br />
When posited in the situation of discussing his ideas, you repeatedly stated good plans for governance. Being an official of renewing people, <br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 5 : 신동조'''===<br />
----<br />
善政素著 允釐庶績 方參廟謨 <br />
<br />
[You] must govern well all the time; Govern numerous artisans sincerely and (?) [or "Govern sincerely, then you can achieve many things."]; Always participate in the discussion of the court<br />
<br />
==='''Student 6 : Stacey Lui'''===<br />
----<br />
卿其體予倚任 專推卿孝友之政<br />
<br />
I rely on you, my minister. You who devote yourself to the promotion of what is filial and companionable.<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 7 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 8 : Q'''===<br />
----<br />
明敎化以作新斯民<br />
<br />
Let [wrong but: edification or instruction and transformation] shine by [leading or causing] the people to renew themselves.<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 9 : Yeonjae Ra'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
秉大公而嚴黜陟<br />
Hold onto the great fairness, and be strict to promotion and expel. <br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 10 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
揭至明而別情僞剸裁盤錯伸理冤枉<br />
<br />
==='''Student 11 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 12 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 13 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 14 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop]]<br />
[[Category:Advanced Translation Group]]</div>Qhttp://dh.aks.ac.kr/jsg/index.php?title=(Translation)_1543%E5%B9%B4_%E6%9D%8E%E5%BD%A6%E8%BF%AA%E8%AB%AD%E6%9B%B8&diff=18737(Translation) 1543年 李彦迪諭書2019-07-12T00:34:00Z<p>Q: /* Student 8 : Q */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Primary Source Document3<br />
|Image = 1543년이언적유서.jpg<br />
|English = <br />
|Chinese = 1543年 李彦迪 諭書<br />
|Korean = 1543년 이언적 유서(''Yi Eonjeok Yuseo'')<br />
|Genre = [[Royal Court Documents]]<br />
|Type = Instructions<br />
|Author = 國王:中宗<br />
|Source = [http://archive.aks.ac.kr/Inspection/insDirView.aspx?dataUCI=G002+AKS+KSM-XA.1543.1111-20101008.B043a_065_00011_XXX Old Documents and Sources (한국고문서자료관)]<br />
|Year = 1543<br />
|Key Concepts= <br />
|Translator = [[2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop (Advanced)#Participants | Participants of 2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop (Advanced Translation Group)]]<br />
|Editor = <br />
|Translation Year = 2019<br />
}}<br />
[[File:Backward.png|right|40px|link=2019_JSG_Summer_Hanmun_Workshop_(Advanced)#.282019.29Primary_Sources_for_Korean_Studies]]<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''Introduction'''==<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''Original Script'''==<br />
<br />
{|class="wikitable" style="width:80%; font-size:110%; color:#002080; background-color:#ffffff;"<br />
!style="width:50%;"|Classical Chinese || style="width:50%;"| English <br />
|-<br />
|<br />
▣…▣ <br />
<br />
荐臻專城或存於▣▣赤子未蒙其實澤 <br />
<br />
眖有▣(緩)急將何措宜益軫予懷其惟重臣 <br />
<br />
惟卿德涵內外學造精微敦大而高明方嚴 <br />
<br />
而簡默處論思之地嘉猷累陳作親民之官善 <br />
<br />
政素著允釐庶績方參廟謨今授卿以本道 <br />
<br />
觀察使兼兵馬水軍節度使卿其體予倚任 <br />
<br />
專推卿孝友之政課農桑以衣食吾民明敎 <br />
<br />
化以作新斯民秉大公而嚴黜陟揭至明而別 <br />
<br />
情僞剸裁盤錯伸理冤枉罪關大憂錄狀啓 <br />
<br />
稟官▣堂上斷以卿衷故玆敎示想宜知悉 <br />
<br />
嘉靖▣…▣八月初十日<br />
<br />
---------<br />
荐臻專城或存於▣▣ <br />
赤子未蒙其實澤<br />
眖有▣(緩)急, 將何措, <br />
宜益軫, 予懷其惟重臣<br />
惟卿, 德涵內外, 學造精微, 敦大而高明, <br />
方嚴而簡默, <br />
處論思之地, 嘉猷累陳, 作親民之官, 善政素著, <br />
允釐庶績, 方參廟謨, <br />
<br />
今授卿以本道觀察使兼兵馬水軍節度使<br />
卿其體予倚任<br />
專推卿孝友之政<br />
課農桑以衣食吾民<br />
明敎化以作新斯民<br />
秉大公而嚴黜陟<br />
揭至明而別情僞<br />
剸裁盤錯<br />
伸理冤枉, 罪關大憂, <br />
錄狀啓稟官 <br />
堂上斷以卿衷<br />
故玆敎示<br />
想宜知悉<br />
<br />
嘉靖▣…▣八月初十日<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
||<br />
(translation)<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=='''Discussion Questions'''==<br />
#<br />
#<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''Further Readings'''==<br />
<!--<br />
<div style="color:#008080;"><br />
* View together with '''~~'''.<br />
</div><br />
--><br />
*<br />
*<br />
<br />
<br />
=='''References'''==<br />
<references/><br />
《書·堯典》：“允釐百工，庶績咸熙。”<br />
<br />
=='''Translation'''==<br />
<br />
==='''(sample) : Jaeyoon Song'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
11. 罪關大憂, 錄狀啓稟官 堂上斷以卿衷, 故玆敎示 想宜知悉 <br />
If the crimes should raise grave concerns, you should report to the office, and the high ministers (ranking 3a and above) will make a judgment based on your faithful report. I, the king, hereby instruct you thus, and you should consider and remember all my instructions.<br />
<br />
==='''Student 1 : Yishu Ma'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
荐臻專城或存於▣▣赤子未蒙其實澤<br />
<br />
Translation: <br />
Successive local officials might be ...<br />
Common people have not yet received the real benefits [of governance].<br />
<br />
==='''Student 2 : Samuel Sai Hay Chan 陳世熙 진세희'''===<br />
----<br />
眖有▣(緩)急將何措宜益軫予懷其惟重臣 <br />
<br />
There are matters non-urgent and urgent. What to do with them? One would be benefited with more measured deliberations. I think only you, my important minister, is qualified to take up the role. <br />
<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 3 : Younès M'Ghari'''===<br />
----<br />
惟卿 德涵內外 學造精微 敦大而高明 方嚴而簡默 <br />
<br />
Only you, minister, are embodied with virtue inside and outside. Your knowledge is profound and subtle. You are great and brilliant. You are upright and solemn, and [in the same time] simple and quiet.<br />
<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
Under which circumstances this order could be declined (e.g., a disease, an ill father or son to take care of)? How would a minister notify it (through which means, which institution)? What would be the possible sanctions towards a minister refusing to obey this kind of order although he has reasons to?<br />
<br />
==='''Student 4 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
處論思之地 嘉猷累陳 作親民之官<br />
When posited in the situation of discussing his ideas, he repeatedly stated good plans for governance. Being an official of renewing his people, <br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 5 : 신동조'''===<br />
----<br />
善政素著 允釐庶績 方參廟謨 <br />
<br />
[You] must govern well all the time; Govern numerous artisans sincerely and (?) [or "Govern sincerely, then you can achieve many things."]; Always participate in the discussion of the court<br />
<br />
==='''Student 6 : Stacey Lui'''===<br />
----<br />
卿其體予倚任 專推卿孝友之政<br />
<br />
I rely on you, my minister. You who devote yourself to the promotion of what is filial and companionable.<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 7 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 8 : Q'''===<br />
----<br />
明敎化以作新斯民<br />
<br />
Let instruction and transformation shine by [leading or causing] the people to renew themselves.<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 9 : Yeonjae Ra'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
秉大公而嚴黜陟<br />
Hold onto the great fairness, and be strict to promotion and expel. <br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
==='''Student 10 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
揭至明而別情僞剸裁盤錯伸理冤枉<br />
<br />
==='''Student 11 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 12 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 13 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
==='''Student 14 : (Write your name)'''===<br />
----<br />
<br />
*Discussion Questions:<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:2019 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop]]<br />
[[Category:Advanced Translation Group]]</div>Q