(Translation) 熱河日記-口外異聞

2017-08-01T15:13:02Z

Kimm: /* Original Script */

(Translation) 熱河日記-口外異聞

2017-08-01T15:10:29Z

Kimm: /* Original Script */

2017-08-01T14:58:39Z

Kimm: File uploaded with MsUpload

File uploaded with MsUpload

2017 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop (Intermediate)

2017-08-01T14:54:51Z

Kimm: /* 4. 열하일기 19 - 구외이문] (熱河日記 Book 19 - 口外異聞) translated by Student 4 */

= Description =

The purpose of this course is to provide students an intensive training in what is commonly referred to as “classical Chinese,” or hanmun, which constitutes the nucleus of the literary languages of premodern China, Korea, and Japan. Because this workshop is intended for future researchers and scholars of premodern Korean culture in a broader context of East Asian civilization, which some call the “Sinosphere,” we will focus on the most fundamental sentence patterns and grammatical devices commonly used in hanmun, exploring some canonical texts that embody the linguistic and cultural grammars of classical Chinese literature.
Each day, the class will study grammatical devices and patterns with simple sentences and read (excerpts of) regular hanmun texts for applied practice. We will read and critically analyze the texts, with which to formulate an academically-minded English translation of them. At the end of the workshop, students are expected to become familiar with different types of texts, to gain first-hand knowledge around the original texts of old Korean books, and more importantly, to become intellectually independent in their own future research critically engaging primary texts.

= Class =

A daily class is divided into three sessions. In Session 1 we read Pak Semu’s 朴世茂 (1487–1554) treatise to initiate students into Confucian literacy, Tongmong sŏnsŭp 童蒙先習 (Preparatory Learning for the Youth). Session 2 comprises studying syntactic and morphological patterns established by grammatical words, building up from the simplest forms to the more complex. This part of instruction will make use of the Hagŏjip 學語集 (Collection of Sentences for Learning), a late-Chosŏn primer for those who have finished character (hantcha) lessons and phrasal instructions. These two sessions will engage two foci of instruction: parsing (both vocal and visual) and close reading. In Session 3 we translate various excerpts from actual literary pieces from China and Korea.
Reading the original text together, parsing its sentences, and carefully analyzing parts both syntactically and semantically, which will form a basic training of translation. The instructor will give lectures when needed, to reinforce the knowledge of grammatical words, information on reference tools, and relevant sociocultural context of fundamental importance. Each student will be responsible for looking up and learning unfamiliar hantcha, practicing to punctuate sentences that were studied in the previous classes, and participating in drafting translations. The outcome of translation will be archived and shared.

==지도교수 Instructor==

*[[오영균 (吳英均, Young Kyun Oh)|오영균 (吳英均, Young Kyun Oh)]]

==수강생 Participants==

==수업진도 Schedule==

*[[수업진행표|3주간 수업진행표]]

= Translation =

We aim to practice academic translation. An academic translation should prove to be comprehensive to an intellectual reader for whom no previous knowledge of or about the text is assumed, rendered in a clear, precise, yet hermeneutically nuanced language. There are four aspects of concentration in our training::

*Faithfulness to the original text
*Linguistic clarity of the translating language
*Detailed annotation to integrate contextual and intertextual information
*Observance of academic convention for translation

= 강독과제 Reading and Translation Assignments =

<div style="color:#002080; font-size:16px;">
* '''List of Hanmun Text'''
</div>

:#Tongmong sŏnsŭp 童蒙先習
:#Hagŏjip 學語集
:#[[2017 Summer Hanmun Workshop (Intermediate)#Session 3: 번역 실습|Excerpts for practice]]

==Session 1: 동몽선습(童蒙先習)==

===동몽선습 소개===

*동몽선습:: The ''Tongmong sŏnsŭp'' is a well-known hanmun primer for novices after their initiation in hantcha with the ''Chŏnjamun'' 千字文. Its text spells out the fundamental ethico-historial framework of Confucianism, quoting and alluding most frequently used phrases and expressions in the traditional discourse of moral maxims. Its language is prosodic and suitable for vocal reading and reciting. The introduction delineates the ethics based on the Five Cardinal Relations (''oryun'' 五倫), followed by an overview of Chinese and Korean histories as realizing ethical principles endowed in human civilization. Its authorship had been generally attributed to Pak Semu 朴世茂 (1487–1554), though some recorded Kim An’guk 金安國 (1478–1543) as its author. Yun Insŏ’s 尹仁恕 postface, included in the 1543 edition (printed at the P’yŏngan Magistrate Office), states that Min Chein 閔齊仁, then P’yŏngan Magistrate, co-authored this work. A recent discovery of a block-printed edition bearing Min Chein as the author strongly suggests that Min authored it before Pak did because it predates the manuscript edition that recorded Pak Semu as the author, which had been known as the earliest edition. Authorship aside, however, it appears reasonable to assume that the sentences in the Tongmong sŏnsŭp were commonly shared for pedagogical purposes among the literati since early Chosŏn. As it has also been used at the court to instruct royal princes since King Hyŏnjong’s reign (1659–1674), there are a number of prints and manuscripts extant. The 1759 edition especially contains King Yŏngjo’s 英祖 preface and Song Siyŏl’s 宋時烈 (1607–1689) postface, indicating that it was received widely.

*[http://jsg.aks.ac.kr/data/viewer/bookImage.do?callNum=K1-200&vol= 장서각 소장 어제동몽선습언해(御製童蒙先習諺解)]

===동몽선습 Text & Translation===

*[[동몽선습 1 - 6]]
*[[동몽선습 7 - 10]]
*[[동몽선습 11 - 14]]
*[[동몽선습 15 - 18]]
*[[동몽선습 19 - 23]]
*[[동몽선습 24 - 29]]
*[[동몽선습 30 - 34]]
*[[동몽선습 35 - 38]]
*[[동몽선습 39 - 42]]
*[[동몽선습 43 - 47]]
*[[동몽선습 48 - 52]]
*[[동몽선습 53 - 56]]

==Session 2: 학어집(學語集)==

===학어집 소개===

''Hagŏjip'' [Collection of Learning Sentences] is a manuscript whose authorship is unknown. It contains short sentences explaining various subjects ranging from heaven and earth to flowers and animals, for the purpose of teaching the basic sentence structure and grammatical patterns of literary Chinese to novices. It is often confused with ''Hagŏ'' 學語 compiled by Pak Chaech’ŏl 朴載哲 with a similar purpose. ''Hagŏ'' was blockprinted in 1868 by Pak Chaechŏl’s son Pak Kyujin 朴圭鎮. The two are quite different texts. The latter is more oriented in Confucian learning of moral principles and quotations from classics, whereas the former is apparently mindful of linguistic pedagogy and introduces syntactic patterns with gradually increasing complexity. There are a few manuscript editions preserved in various archives in Korea, including Jangseogak. It appears that there are some textual variations depending on editions especially with the selection of sentences, though individual sentences remain mostly the same.

===학어집 수업내용===

{|class="wikitable" style="width:40%; text-align:center; color:#002080; background-color:#ffffff;"
!style="width:40%;"|문장 || style="width:60%;"|문형
|-
|[[문장 1 - 5]] || [[문형묶음1|관계문형]]
|-
|[[문장 6 - 10]] || [[문형묶음2|관계문형]]
|-
|[[문장 11 - 15]] || [[문형묶음3|관계문형]]
|-
|[[문장 16 - 20]] || [[문형묶음4|관계문형]]
|-
|[[문장 21 - 25]] || [[문형묶음5|관계문형]]
|-
|[[문장 26 - 30]] || [[문형묶음6|관계문형]]
|-
|[[문장 31 - 35]] || [[문형묶음7|관계문형]]
|-
|[[문장 36 - 40]] || [[문형묶음8|관계문형]]
|-
|[[문장 41 - 45]] || [[문형묶음9|관계문형]]
|-
|[[문장 46 - 50]] || [[문형묶음10|관계문형]]
|-
|[[문장 51 - 55]] || [[문형묶음11|관계문형]]
|-
|[[문장 56 - 60]] || [[문형묶음12|관계문형]]
|-

|}

==Session 3: 번역 실습==

<div style="color:#002080; font-size:16px;">
*'''Excerpts for practice:'''
</div>

1. [[(Translation) 矛盾|Maodun 矛盾 [Spear and shield], ''Han Fei zi'' 韓非子]]

2. [[(Translation) 蝴蝶夢|Hudie meng 蝴蝶夢 [Butterfly dream], ''Zhuangzi'' 莊子]]

3. [[(Translation) 宗室豐山守|“Chongsil P’ungsan su” 宗室豐山守 [Magistrate of P’ungsan, a royal kinsman], ''Yongjae ch’onghwa'' 慵齋叢話]]

4. [[(Translation) 助長|“Zhuzhang” 助長 [Helping corn grow], ''Mencius'' 孟子]]

5. [[(Translation) 知魚樂|“Zhi yu le” 知魚樂 [Knowing the joy of fish], ''Zhuangzi'']]

6. [[(Translation) 諧謔|“Haehak” 諧謔 [Witty stories], ''Chibong yusŏl'' 芝峯類說, Vol. 1]]

7. [[(Translation) 崔瑩|“Ch’oe Yŏng” 崔瑩, Sŏng Hyŏn, ''Yongjae ch’onghwa'', Vol. 5.]]

8. [[(Translation) 率居|“Solgŏ” 率居, ''Samguk sagi'' 三國史記.]]

9. [[(Translation) 孟母三遷|“Meng mu sanqian” 孟母三遷 [Mencius’ mother moves three times,” Lienü zhuan 列女傳.]]

10. [[(Translation) 守株待兔|“Shouzhu daitu” 守株待兔 [Waiting for a hare while guarding the tree], ''Han Fei zi''.]]

11. [[(Translation) 吮疽之仁|“Shunju zhi ren” 吮疽之仁 [Benevolence of sucking on abscess], ''Shuiyuan'' 説苑.]]

12. [[(Translation) 寧無不平之心乎|“Yŏng mu pulp’yŏng chi sim ho?” 寧無不平之心乎 [How would it not have a mind of resentment?], ''Chibong yusŏl'', Vol. 15.]]

13. [[(Translation) 以五十步笑一百步|“Yi wushibu xiao yibaibu” 以五十步笑一百步 [One who retreated fifty paces mocks another who retreated one hundred paces], ''Mencius''.]]

14. [[(Translation) 塞翁失馬|“Saiweng shima” 塞翁失馬 [Old man in border town loses a horse], ''Huainanzi'' 淮南子.]]

15. [[(Translation) 龜兔之說|“Kui t’o chi sŏl” 龜兔之說 [Story of a tortoise and a hare], ''Samguk sagi''.]]

16. [[(Translation) 庖丁解牛|“Pao Ding jieniu” 庖丁解牛 [Cook Ding cuts cow], ''Zhuangzi''.]]

17. [[(Translation) 彌妻啖草|“Mi ch’ŏ tam ch’o” 彌妻啖草 [(To) Mi’s Wife chews grass], ''Samgang haengsil-to'' 三綱行實圖.]]

18. [[(Translation) 婁伯捕虎|“Nubaek p’oho” 婁伯捕虎 [(Ch’oe) Nubaek captures the tiger], ''Samgang haengsil-to''.]]

19. [[(Translation) 成忠獄死|“Sŏng Ch’ung oksa” 成忠獄死 [Sŏng Ch’ung dies in prison], ''Samgang haengsil-to''.]]

20. [[(Translation) 洪夔燮|“Hong Kisŏp” 洪夔燮, ''Myŏngsim pogam'' 明心寶鑑.]]

21. [[(Translation) 階伯|“Kyebaek” 階伯, ''Samguk sagi''.]]

22. [[(Translation) 官昌|“Kwanch’ang” 官昌, ''Samguk sagi''.]]

23. [[(Translation) 王儉朝鮮|“Wanggŏm Chosŏn” 王儉朝鮮, ''Samguk yusa'' 三國遺事.]]

24. [[(Translation) 善德王知幾三事|“Sŏndŏk wang chigi samsa” 善德王知幾三事 [Queen Sŏndŏk foresees three events], ''Samguk yusa''.]]

25. [[(Translation) 文姬買夢|“Munhŭi maemong” 文姬買夢 [Munhŭi buys a dream]. ''Samguk yusa''.]]



=장기 번역 과제=

=== 0. [[(Translation) 孔夫子聖蹟圖 |Sample : 孔夫子聖蹟圖 translated by Young Kyun Oh]] ===
----

=== 1. [[(Translation) text1| Kyŏngmong yogyŏl(擊蒙要訣) translated by Sanghoon Na]] ===
----

=== 2. [[(Translation) text2|Text translated by Student 2]] ===
----

=== 3. [[(Translation) text3|Text translated by Student 3]] ===
----

=== 4. [[(Translation) text4| Yŏrha ilgi - Ku'uweyimun (熱河日記 - 口外異聞) translated by Student 4]] ===
----

=== 5. [[(Translation) text5|Text translated by Student 5]] ===
----

=== 6. [[(Translation) text6|Text translated by Student 6]] ===
----

=== 7. [[(Translation) text7|Text translated by Student 7]] ===
----

=== 8. [[(Translation) text8|Text translated by Student 8]] ===
----

=== 9. [[(Translation) text9|Text translated by Student 9]] ===
----

=== 10. [[(Translation) text10|Text translated by Student 10]] ===
----

=== 11. [[(Translation) text11|Text translated by Student 11]] ===
----

=== 12. [[(Translation) text12|Text translated by Student 12]] ===
----

=== 13. [[(Translation) text13|Text translated by Student 13]] ===
----

=== 13. [[(Translation) text14|Text translated by Student 14]] ===
----

{{(SHWJA) 위키 교실 Wiki Guide}}

{{(SHWJA) 참고자료 References}}

[[Category:2017 Summer Hanmun Workshop]]
[[Category:Intermediate Training Group]]

2017 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop (Intermediate)

2017-08-01T14:51:44Z

Kimm: /* 4. 열하일기 19 - 구외이문] (熱河日記 Book 19 - 口外異聞) translated by Student 4]] */

= Description =

The purpose of this course is to provide students an intensive training in what is commonly referred to as “classical Chinese,” or hanmun, which constitutes the nucleus of the literary languages of premodern China, Korea, and Japan. Because this workshop is intended for future researchers and scholars of premodern Korean culture in a broader context of East Asian civilization, which some call the “Sinosphere,” we will focus on the most fundamental sentence patterns and grammatical devices commonly used in hanmun, exploring some canonical texts that embody the linguistic and cultural grammars of classical Chinese literature.
Each day, the class will study grammatical devices and patterns with simple sentences and read (excerpts of) regular hanmun texts for applied practice. We will read and critically analyze the texts, with which to formulate an academically-minded English translation of them. At the end of the workshop, students are expected to become familiar with different types of texts, to gain first-hand knowledge around the original texts of old Korean books, and more importantly, to become intellectually independent in their own future research critically engaging primary texts.

= Class =

A daily class is divided into three sessions. In Session 1 we read Pak Semu’s 朴世茂 (1487–1554) treatise to initiate students into Confucian literacy, Tongmong sŏnsŭp 童蒙先習 (Preparatory Learning for the Youth). Session 2 comprises studying syntactic and morphological patterns established by grammatical words, building up from the simplest forms to the more complex. This part of instruction will make use of the Hagŏjip 學語集 (Collection of Sentences for Learning), a late-Chosŏn primer for those who have finished character (hantcha) lessons and phrasal instructions. These two sessions will engage two foci of instruction: parsing (both vocal and visual) and close reading. In Session 3 we translate various excerpts from actual literary pieces from China and Korea.
Reading the original text together, parsing its sentences, and carefully analyzing parts both syntactically and semantically, which will form a basic training of translation. The instructor will give lectures when needed, to reinforce the knowledge of grammatical words, information on reference tools, and relevant sociocultural context of fundamental importance. Each student will be responsible for looking up and learning unfamiliar hantcha, practicing to punctuate sentences that were studied in the previous classes, and participating in drafting translations. The outcome of translation will be archived and shared.

==지도교수 Instructor==

*[[오영균 (吳英均, Young Kyun Oh)|오영균 (吳英均, Young Kyun Oh)]]

==수강생 Participants==

==수업진도 Schedule==

*[[수업진행표|3주간 수업진행표]]

= Translation =

We aim to practice academic translation. An academic translation should prove to be comprehensive to an intellectual reader for whom no previous knowledge of or about the text is assumed, rendered in a clear, precise, yet hermeneutically nuanced language. There are four aspects of concentration in our training::

*Faithfulness to the original text
*Linguistic clarity of the translating language
*Detailed annotation to integrate contextual and intertextual information
*Observance of academic convention for translation

= 강독과제 Reading and Translation Assignments =

<div style="color:#002080; font-size:16px;">
* '''List of Hanmun Text'''
</div>

:#Tongmong sŏnsŭp 童蒙先習
:#Hagŏjip 學語集
:#[[2017 Summer Hanmun Workshop (Intermediate)#Session 3: 번역 실습|Excerpts for practice]]

==Session 1: 동몽선습(童蒙先習)==

===동몽선습 소개===

*동몽선습:: The ''Tongmong sŏnsŭp'' is a well-known hanmun primer for novices after their initiation in hantcha with the ''Chŏnjamun'' 千字文. Its text spells out the fundamental ethico-historial framework of Confucianism, quoting and alluding most frequently used phrases and expressions in the traditional discourse of moral maxims. Its language is prosodic and suitable for vocal reading and reciting. The introduction delineates the ethics based on the Five Cardinal Relations (''oryun'' 五倫), followed by an overview of Chinese and Korean histories as realizing ethical principles endowed in human civilization. Its authorship had been generally attributed to Pak Semu 朴世茂 (1487–1554), though some recorded Kim An’guk 金安國 (1478–1543) as its author. Yun Insŏ’s 尹仁恕 postface, included in the 1543 edition (printed at the P’yŏngan Magistrate Office), states that Min Chein 閔齊仁, then P’yŏngan Magistrate, co-authored this work. A recent discovery of a block-printed edition bearing Min Chein as the author strongly suggests that Min authored it before Pak did because it predates the manuscript edition that recorded Pak Semu as the author, which had been known as the earliest edition. Authorship aside, however, it appears reasonable to assume that the sentences in the Tongmong sŏnsŭp were commonly shared for pedagogical purposes among the literati since early Chosŏn. As it has also been used at the court to instruct royal princes since King Hyŏnjong’s reign (1659–1674), there are a number of prints and manuscripts extant. The 1759 edition especially contains King Yŏngjo’s 英祖 preface and Song Siyŏl’s 宋時烈 (1607–1689) postface, indicating that it was received widely.

*[http://jsg.aks.ac.kr/data/viewer/bookImage.do?callNum=K1-200&vol= 장서각 소장 어제동몽선습언해(御製童蒙先習諺解)]

===동몽선습 Text & Translation===

*[[동몽선습 1 - 6]]
*[[동몽선습 7 - 10]]
*[[동몽선습 11 - 14]]
*[[동몽선습 15 - 18]]
*[[동몽선습 19 - 23]]
*[[동몽선습 24 - 29]]
*[[동몽선습 30 - 34]]
*[[동몽선습 35 - 38]]
*[[동몽선습 39 - 42]]
*[[동몽선습 43 - 47]]
*[[동몽선습 48 - 52]]
*[[동몽선습 53 - 56]]

==Session 2: 학어집(學語集)==

===학어집 소개===

''Hagŏjip'' [Collection of Learning Sentences] is a manuscript whose authorship is unknown. It contains short sentences explaining various subjects ranging from heaven and earth to flowers and animals, for the purpose of teaching the basic sentence structure and grammatical patterns of literary Chinese to novices. It is often confused with ''Hagŏ'' 學語 compiled by Pak Chaech’ŏl 朴載哲 with a similar purpose. ''Hagŏ'' was blockprinted in 1868 by Pak Chaechŏl’s son Pak Kyujin 朴圭鎮. The two are quite different texts. The latter is more oriented in Confucian learning of moral principles and quotations from classics, whereas the former is apparently mindful of linguistic pedagogy and introduces syntactic patterns with gradually increasing complexity. There are a few manuscript editions preserved in various archives in Korea, including Jangseogak. It appears that there are some textual variations depending on editions especially with the selection of sentences, though individual sentences remain mostly the same.

===학어집 수업내용===

{|class="wikitable" style="width:40%; text-align:center; color:#002080; background-color:#ffffff;"
!style="width:40%;"|문장 || style="width:60%;"|문형
|-
|[[문장 1 - 5]] || [[문형묶음1|관계문형]]
|-
|[[문장 6 - 10]] || [[문형묶음2|관계문형]]
|-
|[[문장 11 - 15]] || [[문형묶음3|관계문형]]
|-
|[[문장 16 - 20]] || [[문형묶음4|관계문형]]
|-
|[[문장 21 - 25]] || [[문형묶음5|관계문형]]
|-
|[[문장 26 - 30]] || [[문형묶음6|관계문형]]
|-
|[[문장 31 - 35]] || [[문형묶음7|관계문형]]
|-
|[[문장 36 - 40]] || [[문형묶음8|관계문형]]
|-
|[[문장 41 - 45]] || [[문형묶음9|관계문형]]
|-
|[[문장 46 - 50]] || [[문형묶음10|관계문형]]
|-
|[[문장 51 - 55]] || [[문형묶음11|관계문형]]
|-
|[[문장 56 - 60]] || [[문형묶음12|관계문형]]
|-

|}

==Session 3: 번역 실습==

<div style="color:#002080; font-size:16px;">
*'''Excerpts for practice:'''
</div>

1. [[(Translation) 矛盾|Maodun 矛盾 [Spear and shield], ''Han Fei zi'' 韓非子]]

2. [[(Translation) 蝴蝶夢|Hudie meng 蝴蝶夢 [Butterfly dream], ''Zhuangzi'' 莊子]]

3. [[(Translation) 宗室豐山守|“Chongsil P’ungsan su” 宗室豐山守 [Magistrate of P’ungsan, a royal kinsman], ''Yongjae ch’onghwa'' 慵齋叢話]]

4. [[(Translation) 助長|“Zhuzhang” 助長 [Helping corn grow], ''Mencius'' 孟子]]

5. [[(Translation) 知魚樂|“Zhi yu le” 知魚樂 [Knowing the joy of fish], ''Zhuangzi'']]

6. [[(Translation) 諧謔|“Haehak” 諧謔 [Witty stories], ''Chibong yusŏl'' 芝峯類說, Vol. 1]]

7. [[(Translation) 崔瑩|“Ch’oe Yŏng” 崔瑩, Sŏng Hyŏn, ''Yongjae ch’onghwa'', Vol. 5.]]

8. [[(Translation) 率居|“Solgŏ” 率居, ''Samguk sagi'' 三國史記.]]

9. [[(Translation) 孟母三遷|“Meng mu sanqian” 孟母三遷 [Mencius’ mother moves three times,” Lienü zhuan 列女傳.]]

10. [[(Translation) 守株待兔|“Shouzhu daitu” 守株待兔 [Waiting for a hare while guarding the tree], ''Han Fei zi''.]]

11. [[(Translation) 吮疽之仁|“Shunju zhi ren” 吮疽之仁 [Benevolence of sucking on abscess], ''Shuiyuan'' 説苑.]]

12. [[(Translation) 寧無不平之心乎|“Yŏng mu pulp’yŏng chi sim ho?” 寧無不平之心乎 [How would it not have a mind of resentment?], ''Chibong yusŏl'', Vol. 15.]]

13. [[(Translation) 以五十步笑一百步|“Yi wushibu xiao yibaibu” 以五十步笑一百步 [One who retreated fifty paces mocks another who retreated one hundred paces], ''Mencius''.]]

14. [[(Translation) 塞翁失馬|“Saiweng shima” 塞翁失馬 [Old man in border town loses a horse], ''Huainanzi'' 淮南子.]]

15. [[(Translation) 龜兔之說|“Kui t’o chi sŏl” 龜兔之說 [Story of a tortoise and a hare], ''Samguk sagi''.]]

16. [[(Translation) 庖丁解牛|“Pao Ding jieniu” 庖丁解牛 [Cook Ding cuts cow], ''Zhuangzi''.]]

17. [[(Translation) 彌妻啖草|“Mi ch’ŏ tam ch’o” 彌妻啖草 [(To) Mi’s Wife chews grass], ''Samgang haengsil-to'' 三綱行實圖.]]

18. [[(Translation) 婁伯捕虎|“Nubaek p’oho” 婁伯捕虎 [(Ch’oe) Nubaek captures the tiger], ''Samgang haengsil-to''.]]

19. [[(Translation) 成忠獄死|“Sŏng Ch’ung oksa” 成忠獄死 [Sŏng Ch’ung dies in prison], ''Samgang haengsil-to''.]]

20. [[(Translation) 洪夔燮|“Hong Kisŏp” 洪夔燮, ''Myŏngsim pogam'' 明心寶鑑.]]

21. [[(Translation) 階伯|“Kyebaek” 階伯, ''Samguk sagi''.]]

22. [[(Translation) 官昌|“Kwanch’ang” 官昌, ''Samguk sagi''.]]

23. [[(Translation) 王儉朝鮮|“Wanggŏm Chosŏn” 王儉朝鮮, ''Samguk yusa'' 三國遺事.]]

24. [[(Translation) 善德王知幾三事|“Sŏndŏk wang chigi samsa” 善德王知幾三事 [Queen Sŏndŏk foresees three events], ''Samguk yusa''.]]

25. [[(Translation) 文姬買夢|“Munhŭi maemong” 文姬買夢 [Munhŭi buys a dream]. ''Samguk yusa''.]]



=장기 번역 과제=

=== 0. [[(Translation) 孔夫子聖蹟圖 |Sample : 孔夫子聖蹟圖 translated by Young Kyun Oh]] ===
----

=== 1. [[(Translation) text1| Kyŏngmong yogyŏl(擊蒙要訣) translated by Sanghoon Na]] ===
----

=== 2. [[(Translation) text2|Text translated by Student 2]] ===
----

=== 3. [[(Translation) text3|Text translated by Student 3]] ===
----

=== 4. 열하일기 19 - 구외이문] (熱河日記 Book 19 - 口外異聞) translated by Student 4 ===

----

=== 5. [[(Translation) text5|Text translated by Student 5]] ===
----

=== 6. [[(Translation) text6|Text translated by Student 6]] ===
----

=== 7. [[(Translation) text7|Text translated by Student 7]] ===
----

=== 8. [[(Translation) text8|Text translated by Student 8]] ===
----

=== 9. [[(Translation) text9|Text translated by Student 9]] ===
----

=== 10. [[(Translation) text10|Text translated by Student 10]] ===
----

=== 11. [[(Translation) text11|Text translated by Student 11]] ===
----

=== 12. [[(Translation) text12|Text translated by Student 12]] ===
----

=== 13. [[(Translation) text13|Text translated by Student 13]] ===
----

=== 13. [[(Translation) text14|Text translated by Student 14]] ===
----

{{(SHWJA) 위키 교실 Wiki Guide}}

{{(SHWJA) 참고자료 References}}

[[Category:2017 Summer Hanmun Workshop]]
[[Category:Intermediate Training Group]]

2017 JSG Summer Hanmun Workshop (Intermediate)

2017-08-01T14:51:17Z

Kimm: /* 4. Text translated by Student 4 */

= Description =

The purpose of this course is to provide students an intensive training in what is commonly referred to as “classical Chinese,” or hanmun, which constitutes the nucleus of the literary languages of premodern China, Korea, and Japan. Because this workshop is intended for future researchers and scholars of premodern Korean culture in a broader context of East Asian civilization, which some call the “Sinosphere,” we will focus on the most fundamental sentence patterns and grammatical devices commonly used in hanmun, exploring some canonical texts that embody the linguistic and cultural grammars of classical Chinese literature.
Each day, the class will study grammatical devices and patterns with simple sentences and read (excerpts of) regular hanmun texts for applied practice. We will read and critically analyze the texts, with which to formulate an academically-minded English translation of them. At the end of the workshop, students are expected to become familiar with different types of texts, to gain first-hand knowledge around the original texts of old Korean books, and more importantly, to become intellectually independent in their own future research critically engaging primary texts.

= Class =

A daily class is divided into three sessions. In Session 1 we read Pak Semu’s 朴世茂 (1487–1554) treatise to initiate students into Confucian literacy, Tongmong sŏnsŭp 童蒙先習 (Preparatory Learning for the Youth). Session 2 comprises studying syntactic and morphological patterns established by grammatical words, building up from the simplest forms to the more complex. This part of instruction will make use of the Hagŏjip 學語集 (Collection of Sentences for Learning), a late-Chosŏn primer for those who have finished character (hantcha) lessons and phrasal instructions. These two sessions will engage two foci of instruction: parsing (both vocal and visual) and close reading. In Session 3 we translate various excerpts from actual literary pieces from China and Korea.
Reading the original text together, parsing its sentences, and carefully analyzing parts both syntactically and semantically, which will form a basic training of translation. The instructor will give lectures when needed, to reinforce the knowledge of grammatical words, information on reference tools, and relevant sociocultural context of fundamental importance. Each student will be responsible for looking up and learning unfamiliar hantcha, practicing to punctuate sentences that were studied in the previous classes, and participating in drafting translations. The outcome of translation will be archived and shared.

==지도교수 Instructor==

*[[오영균 (吳英均, Young Kyun Oh)|오영균 (吳英均, Young Kyun Oh)]]

==수강생 Participants==

==수업진도 Schedule==

*[[수업진행표|3주간 수업진행표]]

= Translation =

We aim to practice academic translation. An academic translation should prove to be comprehensive to an intellectual reader for whom no previous knowledge of or about the text is assumed, rendered in a clear, precise, yet hermeneutically nuanced language. There are four aspects of concentration in our training::

*Faithfulness to the original text
*Linguistic clarity of the translating language
*Detailed annotation to integrate contextual and intertextual information
*Observance of academic convention for translation

= 강독과제 Reading and Translation Assignments =

<div style="color:#002080; font-size:16px;">
* '''List of Hanmun Text'''
</div>

:#Tongmong sŏnsŭp 童蒙先習
:#Hagŏjip 學語集
:#[[2017 Summer Hanmun Workshop (Intermediate)#Session 3: 번역 실습|Excerpts for practice]]

==Session 1: 동몽선습(童蒙先習)==

===동몽선습 소개===

*동몽선습:: The ''Tongmong sŏnsŭp'' is a well-known hanmun primer for novices after their initiation in hantcha with the ''Chŏnjamun'' 千字文. Its text spells out the fundamental ethico-historial framework of Confucianism, quoting and alluding most frequently used phrases and expressions in the traditional discourse of moral maxims. Its language is prosodic and suitable for vocal reading and reciting. The introduction delineates the ethics based on the Five Cardinal Relations (''oryun'' 五倫), followed by an overview of Chinese and Korean histories as realizing ethical principles endowed in human civilization. Its authorship had been generally attributed to Pak Semu 朴世茂 (1487–1554), though some recorded Kim An’guk 金安國 (1478–1543) as its author. Yun Insŏ’s 尹仁恕 postface, included in the 1543 edition (printed at the P’yŏngan Magistrate Office), states that Min Chein 閔齊仁, then P’yŏngan Magistrate, co-authored this work. A recent discovery of a block-printed edition bearing Min Chein as the author strongly suggests that Min authored it before Pak did because it predates the manuscript edition that recorded Pak Semu as the author, which had been known as the earliest edition. Authorship aside, however, it appears reasonable to assume that the sentences in the Tongmong sŏnsŭp were commonly shared for pedagogical purposes among the literati since early Chosŏn. As it has also been used at the court to instruct royal princes since King Hyŏnjong’s reign (1659–1674), there are a number of prints and manuscripts extant. The 1759 edition especially contains King Yŏngjo’s 英祖 preface and Song Siyŏl’s 宋時烈 (1607–1689) postface, indicating that it was received widely.

*[http://jsg.aks.ac.kr/data/viewer/bookImage.do?callNum=K1-200&vol= 장서각 소장 어제동몽선습언해(御製童蒙先習諺解)]

===동몽선습 Text & Translation===

*[[동몽선습 1 - 6]]
*[[동몽선습 7 - 10]]
*[[동몽선습 11 - 14]]
*[[동몽선습 15 - 18]]
*[[동몽선습 19 - 23]]
*[[동몽선습 24 - 29]]
*[[동몽선습 30 - 34]]
*[[동몽선습 35 - 38]]
*[[동몽선습 39 - 42]]
*[[동몽선습 43 - 47]]
*[[동몽선습 48 - 52]]
*[[동몽선습 53 - 56]]

==Session 2: 학어집(學語集)==

===학어집 소개===

''Hagŏjip'' [Collection of Learning Sentences] is a manuscript whose authorship is unknown. It contains short sentences explaining various subjects ranging from heaven and earth to flowers and animals, for the purpose of teaching the basic sentence structure and grammatical patterns of literary Chinese to novices. It is often confused with ''Hagŏ'' 學語 compiled by Pak Chaech’ŏl 朴載哲 with a similar purpose. ''Hagŏ'' was blockprinted in 1868 by Pak Chaechŏl’s son Pak Kyujin 朴圭鎮. The two are quite different texts. The latter is more oriented in Confucian learning of moral principles and quotations from classics, whereas the former is apparently mindful of linguistic pedagogy and introduces syntactic patterns with gradually increasing complexity. There are a few manuscript editions preserved in various archives in Korea, including Jangseogak. It appears that there are some textual variations depending on editions especially with the selection of sentences, though individual sentences remain mostly the same.

===학어집 수업내용===

{|class="wikitable" style="width:40%; text-align:center; color:#002080; background-color:#ffffff;"
!style="width:40%;"|문장 || style="width:60%;"|문형
|-
|[[문장 1 - 5]] || [[문형묶음1|관계문형]]
|-
|[[문장 6 - 10]] || [[문형묶음2|관계문형]]
|-
|[[문장 11 - 15]] || [[문형묶음3|관계문형]]
|-
|[[문장 16 - 20]] || [[문형묶음4|관계문형]]
|-
|[[문장 21 - 25]] || [[문형묶음5|관계문형]]
|-
|[[문장 26 - 30]] || [[문형묶음6|관계문형]]
|-
|[[문장 31 - 35]] || [[문형묶음7|관계문형]]
|-
|[[문장 36 - 40]] || [[문형묶음8|관계문형]]
|-
|[[문장 41 - 45]] || [[문형묶음9|관계문형]]
|-
|[[문장 46 - 50]] || [[문형묶음10|관계문형]]
|-
|[[문장 51 - 55]] || [[문형묶음11|관계문형]]
|-
|[[문장 56 - 60]] || [[문형묶음12|관계문형]]
|-

|}

==Session 3: 번역 실습==

<div style="color:#002080; font-size:16px;">
*'''Excerpts for practice:'''
</div>

1. [[(Translation) 矛盾|Maodun 矛盾 [Spear and shield], ''Han Fei zi'' 韓非子]]

2. [[(Translation) 蝴蝶夢|Hudie meng 蝴蝶夢 [Butterfly dream], ''Zhuangzi'' 莊子]]

3. [[(Translation) 宗室豐山守|“Chongsil P’ungsan su” 宗室豐山守 [Magistrate of P’ungsan, a royal kinsman], ''Yongjae ch’onghwa'' 慵齋叢話]]

4. [[(Translation) 助長|“Zhuzhang” 助長 [Helping corn grow], ''Mencius'' 孟子]]

5. [[(Translation) 知魚樂|“Zhi yu le” 知魚樂 [Knowing the joy of fish], ''Zhuangzi'']]

6. [[(Translation) 諧謔|“Haehak” 諧謔 [Witty stories], ''Chibong yusŏl'' 芝峯類說, Vol. 1]]

7. [[(Translation) 崔瑩|“Ch’oe Yŏng” 崔瑩, Sŏng Hyŏn, ''Yongjae ch’onghwa'', Vol. 5.]]

8. [[(Translation) 率居|“Solgŏ” 率居, ''Samguk sagi'' 三國史記.]]

9. [[(Translation) 孟母三遷|“Meng mu sanqian” 孟母三遷 [Mencius’ mother moves three times,” Lienü zhuan 列女傳.]]

10. [[(Translation) 守株待兔|“Shouzhu daitu” 守株待兔 [Waiting for a hare while guarding the tree], ''Han Fei zi''.]]

11. [[(Translation) 吮疽之仁|“Shunju zhi ren” 吮疽之仁 [Benevolence of sucking on abscess], ''Shuiyuan'' 説苑.]]

12. [[(Translation) 寧無不平之心乎|“Yŏng mu pulp’yŏng chi sim ho?” 寧無不平之心乎 [How would it not have a mind of resentment?], ''Chibong yusŏl'', Vol. 15.]]

13. [[(Translation) 以五十步笑一百步|“Yi wushibu xiao yibaibu” 以五十步笑一百步 [One who retreated fifty paces mocks another who retreated one hundred paces], ''Mencius''.]]

14. [[(Translation) 塞翁失馬|“Saiweng shima” 塞翁失馬 [Old man in border town loses a horse], ''Huainanzi'' 淮南子.]]

15. [[(Translation) 龜兔之說|“Kui t’o chi sŏl” 龜兔之說 [Story of a tortoise and a hare], ''Samguk sagi''.]]

16. [[(Translation) 庖丁解牛|“Pao Ding jieniu” 庖丁解牛 [Cook Ding cuts cow], ''Zhuangzi''.]]

17. [[(Translation) 彌妻啖草|“Mi ch’ŏ tam ch’o” 彌妻啖草 [(To) Mi’s Wife chews grass], ''Samgang haengsil-to'' 三綱行實圖.]]

18. [[(Translation) 婁伯捕虎|“Nubaek p’oho” 婁伯捕虎 [(Ch’oe) Nubaek captures the tiger], ''Samgang haengsil-to''.]]

19. [[(Translation) 成忠獄死|“Sŏng Ch’ung oksa” 成忠獄死 [Sŏng Ch’ung dies in prison], ''Samgang haengsil-to''.]]

20. [[(Translation) 洪夔燮|“Hong Kisŏp” 洪夔燮, ''Myŏngsim pogam'' 明心寶鑑.]]

21. [[(Translation) 階伯|“Kyebaek” 階伯, ''Samguk sagi''.]]

22. [[(Translation) 官昌|“Kwanch’ang” 官昌, ''Samguk sagi''.]]

23. [[(Translation) 王儉朝鮮|“Wanggŏm Chosŏn” 王儉朝鮮, ''Samguk yusa'' 三國遺事.]]

24. [[(Translation) 善德王知幾三事|“Sŏndŏk wang chigi samsa” 善德王知幾三事 [Queen Sŏndŏk foresees three events], ''Samguk yusa''.]]

25. [[(Translation) 文姬買夢|“Munhŭi maemong” 文姬買夢 [Munhŭi buys a dream]. ''Samguk yusa''.]]



=장기 번역 과제=

=== 0. [[(Translation) 孔夫子聖蹟圖 |Sample : 孔夫子聖蹟圖 translated by Young Kyun Oh]] ===
----

=== 1. [[(Translation) text1| Kyŏngmong yogyŏl(擊蒙要訣) translated by Sanghoon Na]] ===
----

=== 2. [[(Translation) text2|Text translated by Student 2]] ===
----

=== 3. [[(Translation) text3|Text translated by Student 3]] ===
----

=== 4. 열하일기 19 - 구외이문] (熱河日記 Book 19 - 口外異聞) translated by Student 4]] ===
----

=== 5. [[(Translation) text5|Text translated by Student 5]] ===
----

=== 6. [[(Translation) text6|Text translated by Student 6]] ===
----

=== 7. [[(Translation) text7|Text translated by Student 7]] ===
----

=== 8. [[(Translation) text8|Text translated by Student 8]] ===
----

=== 9. [[(Translation) text9|Text translated by Student 9]] ===
----

=== 10. [[(Translation) text10|Text translated by Student 10]] ===
----

=== 11. [[(Translation) text11|Text translated by Student 11]] ===
----

=== 12. [[(Translation) text12|Text translated by Student 12]] ===
----

=== 13. [[(Translation) text13|Text translated by Student 13]] ===
----

=== 13. [[(Translation) text14|Text translated by Student 14]] ===
----

{{(SHWJA) 위키 교실 Wiki Guide}}

{{(SHWJA) 참고자료 References}}

[[Category:2017 Summer Hanmun Workshop]]
[[Category:Intermediate Training Group]]

(Translation) 熱河日記-口外異聞

2017-08-01T14:48:13Z

Kimm:

2017-07-20T06:16:45Z

Kimm: /* Student 4 : (Write your name) */

=='''Original Script'''==

{{원문텍스트
| =

30. 蓋自太極肇判하여 陰陽始分으로 五行이 相生에 先有理氣라 人物之生이 林林總總하더니 於是에 聖人이 首出하사 繼天立極하시니 天皇氏와 地皇氏와 人皇氏와 有巢氏와 燧人氏가 是爲太古니 在書契以前이라 不可考로다

31. 伏羲氏始畫八卦하며 造書契하여 以代結繩之政하시고 神農氏作耒耜하며 製醫藥하시고 黃帝氏用干戈하며 作舟車하며 造曆算하며 制音律하시니 是爲三皇이니 至德之世라 無爲而治하니라

32. 少昊와 顓頊과 帝嚳과 帝堯와 帝舜이 是爲五帝라 皐夔稷契이 佐堯舜하여 而堯舜之治卓冠百王이라 孔子定書에 斷自唐虞하시니라

33. 夏禹와 商湯과 周文王武王이 是爲三王이니 歷年이 或四百하며 或六百하며 或八百하니 三代之隆을 後世莫及이요 而商之伊尹傅說과 周之周公召公이 皆賢臣也라 周公이 制禮作樂하시니 典章法度가 粲然極備하더니

34. 及其衰也하여 五覇摟諸侯하여 以匡王室하니 若齊桓公과 晉文公과 宋襄公과 秦穆公과 楚莊王이 迭主夏盟하니 王靈이 不振하니라

}}

=='''Translation'''==

==='''Student 4 : (Write your name)'''===
----
30. 蓋自太極肇判하여 陰陽始分으로 五行이 相生에 先有理氣라 人物之生이 林林總總하더니 於是에 聖人이 首出하사 繼天立極하시니 天皇氏와 地皇氏와 人皇氏와 有巢氏와 燧人氏가 是爲太古니 在書契以前이라 不可考로다

Undoubtedly, from the breaking and cutting of the Taegŭk1 the Ǔm and the Yang2 started to separate and the Five Phases birthed each other. First there was order and essence [and] the birth of numerous and various peoples and things. From this sages first came out, succeeding heaven and establishing the Ultimate. The Heavenly Emperor, the Earthly Emperor, the Human Emperor, Yuso,3 and Su'in,4 these comprise the oldest antiquity. Existing before written script, [all of these] cannot be examined.

1 Sometimes translated as "the Supreme Ultimate," the fundamental starting point of all creation (C: Taiji). See Joseph A. Adler, Reconstructing the Confucian Dao: Zhu Xi's Appropriation of Zhou Dunyi (New York: SUNY Press, 2014), 122-123 for a discussion of the translation.

2 The opposing principles [C: Yin; Yang].

3 The legendary inventor of buildings [C: Youchao].

4 A legendary ruler credited with inventing fire [C: Suiren].

==='''Student 5 : (Jae Yong Chang)'''===
----
31. 伏羲氏始畫八卦하며 造書契하여 以代結繩之政하시고 神農氏作耒耜하며 製醫藥하시고 黃帝氏用干戈하며 作舟車하며 造曆算하며 制音律하시니 是爲三皇이니 至德之世라 無爲而治하니라

Honorable Pokhŭi first began to draw the Eight Diagrams and initiated writing that succeeded to ruling by tie-knotting. Honorable Sinnong created farming and made medicine. Honorable Hwangje used weapons, created transportation, initiated calendar, and made music. These [Honorable] became the three emperors and reached to the perfect virtue. By doing nothing that was against nature but it was [well]-governed.

==='''Student 6 : (Write your name)'''===
----

==='''Student 7 : (Write your name)'''===
----

==='''Student 8 : (Write your name)'''===
----

동몽선습 30 - 34

2017-07-20T05:51:28Z

Kimm: /* Student 4 : (Write your name) */

문장 51 - 55

2017-07-20T05:37:10Z

Kimm: /* Student 4 : (Write your name) */

=='''Original Script'''==

{{원문텍스트
| =
51. 燕 : 雌雄于飛含泥爲巢乃生雛含蟲哺子呴呴相樂來以社日去以九月

52. 杜鵑 : 蜀帝之魂化爲寃鳥其名曰杜鵑春山月白長啼不如歸

53. 雉 : 羽有文彩故曰華蟲鳴于山陽其聲角角

54. 龍 : 鱗蟲三百龍爲長得雲將行雨見則在野飛則在天變化不測

55. 麟 : 麟之爲物一角五趾不畜於家不恒有於天下待聖人而出

}}

=='''Translation'''==

==='''Student 1 : (Write your name)'''===
----

==='''Student 2 : Younès M'Ghari'''===
----
51. 燕 : 雌雄于飛含泥爲巢乃生雛含蟲哺子呴呴相樂來以社日去以九月

Females and males fly together, carry mud in their mouth and form nests. Then give birth to fledglings, carry insects and feed the children [which] enjoy together [while doing] ‘gugu’1. They come on the ''Sa-il''2, they leave on the ninth month.

52. 杜鵑 : 蜀帝之魂化爲寃鳥其名曰杜鵑春山月白長啼不如歸

The spirit of the emperor of Shu3 transformed into a wronged bird. It is named ‘cuckoo’. In the spring mountain when the moon is [bright] white, [its] long cry is not as good as going back.

53. 雉 : 羽有文彩故曰華蟲鳴于山陽其聲角角

The[ir] feathers have patterns and colors, therefore they are called ‘florish creatures’4, it cries in the south side of mountains and sounds like ‘kakkak’5.

54. 龍 : 鱗蟲三百龍爲長得雲將行雨見則在野飛則在天變化不測

Scaled creatures are three hundreds and the dragons are their chiefs. They get clouds and lead the conduct of rain. If they are seen, then it is in the fields; if they fly then it is in the heaven. Their transformations are unpredictable.

55. 麟 : 麟之爲物一角五趾不畜於家不恒有於天下待聖人而出

The way unicorns are things consist in having one horn and five toes. They are not not raised by households. They are not permanently under the heaven, wait sages and [then] come out.

1: 呴呴 (kugu, 'gugu'), approximation of an onomatopeia that is attributed to certain birds.

2: 社日 (Sa-il), the fifth day after the spring solstice.

3: 蜀 (Chinese: Shu), a kingdom located in the far South-West of China that was established in 221. It was annexed by the Wei kingdom in 265, which marked the start of the Jin dynasty and the end of the period of the Chinese ''Three Kingdoms''.

4: 蟲 (chung), sometimes used for insects, sometimes used more widely for animals (notably including tigers like in 水滸傳 (''Shuihuzhuan'', 16th century)).

5: 角角 (kakkak), approximation of an onomatopeia that is attributed to pheasants.

==='''Student 3 : (Write your name)'''===
----

==='''Student 4 : (Write your name)'''===
----
51. 燕 : 雌雄于飛含泥爲巢乃生雛含蟲哺子呴呴相樂來以社日去以九月

Swallows – The female and the male fly together. Carrying mud in their mouths to make nests, [they] then birth fledglings and carry insects in their mouths to feed them. [Chirping] "gu gu,"1 [they] enjoy each other's company. [They] arrive after the spring equinox and leave in the ninth month.

52. 杜鵑 : 蜀帝之魂化爲寃鳥其名曰杜鵑春山月白長啼不如歸

Cuckoos – The spirit of Emperor Shu2 transformed into a bird of resentment, [and] it is named the cuckoo. In spring mountains [when] the moon is bright, it wails for a long time, "better to return."

53. 雉 : 羽有文彩故曰華蟲鳴于山陽其聲角角

Pheasants – [Their] feathers are patterned and brightly colored, thus [they] are called flowery insects. Crying on the south side of mountains, their sound [is] "gu gu."

54. 龍 : 鱗蟲三百龍爲長得雲將行雨見則在野飛則在天變化不測

Dragons – Of the three hundred scaled insects, the dragon is the leader. [Dragons] obtains clouds to control the rain. [When] seen, then they are [seen] in wild fields; [when] flying, then they are [flying] in the sky. [Their] changes and transformations cannot be measured.

55. 麟 : 麟之爲物一角五趾不畜於家不恒有於天下待聖人而出

Rin3 – The rin's way of being a thing [is that it has] one horn and five toes. [It] is not raised by households [and it] does not always exist under heaven, [but] await sages and then come out.

1 An onomatopoeia (K: ku ku).

2 The ruler of a short-lived state that existed during the Three Kingdoms period in China.

3 Also called a unicorn [C: lin].

==='''Student 5 : (Write your name)'''===
----

==='''Student 6 : (Write your name)'''===
----

==='''Student 7 : (Write your name)'''===
----

==='''Student 8 : (Write your name)'''===
----

==='''Student 9 : (Write your name)'''===
----

==='''Student 10 : (Write your name)'''===
----

==='''Student 11 : (Write your name)'''===
----

==='''Student 12 : (Write your name)'''===
----

==='''Student 13 : (Write your name)'''===
----

==='''Student 14 : (Write your name)'''===
----

문장 46 - 50

2017-07-20T00:09:34Z

Kimm: /* Student 4 : (Write your name) */

=='''Original Script'''==

{{원문텍스트
| =
46. 虎 : 虎者百獸之長名曰山君鉤爪鉅齒㗌人攫物見之者莫不恐畏也

47. 鳳 : 生於丹山之穴非梧桐不棲非琅玕不啄是爲羽蟲之長

48. 鶴 : 胎化者鶴也鳴于九皋聲聞于天仙人驂之道士馴之

49. 雞 : 朱氏翁之所化故人呼之爲朱朱夜捿于柾司晨而鳴其聲喈喈

50. 雁 : 雁者隨陽之鳥木落南翔氷解北徂彭蠡洞庭之間千百成群

}}

=='''Translation'''==

==='''Student 1 : Sanghoon Na'''===
----
46. 虎 : 虎者百獸之長名曰山君鉤爪鉅齒㗌人攫物見之者莫不恐畏也

Tigers: A tiger is the chief of all beasts. It is named the 'king of mountains.' With hooklike claws sawlike teeth it bites people and grasps animals. Those who see it, none do not fear it.

47. 鳳 : 生於丹山之穴非梧桐1) 不棲非琅玕2)不啄是爲羽蟲之長

Phoenix: It is born in the cave of Tansan. If it is not a paulownia tree, it does not perch. If it is not a white carnelian<ref> [http://humanum.arts.cuhk.edu.hk/Lexis/Lindict/] 琅玕: a kind of white carnelian</ref>, it does not peck. This is the chief of fowls.

48. 鶴 : 胎化者鶴也鳴于九皋聲聞于天仙人驂之道士馴之

Cranes: Those which are viviparous are cranes. It cries in the ninth pool of the marsh<ref>[http://ctext.org/dictionary.pl?if=en&char=%E4%B9%9D%E7%9A%8B] The Book of Poetry. He Ming. "The crane cries in the ninth pool of the marsh, And her voice is heard in the [distant] wilds." 《詩經·鶴鳴》: 鶴鳴于九皋、聲聞于野。</ref>. Its sound is heard in the sky. Immortals ride it. Taoists tame it.

49. 雞 : 朱氏翁之所化故人呼之爲朱朱夜捿于塒司晨而鳴其聲喈喈

Chicken: An old man of Zhu family was transformed [into a chicken]. Therefore, people call it “ZHU ZHU.” At night it nests on a perch. It is in charge of daybreak and so cries. Its sound is “GAE GAE.”

50. 雁 : 雁者隨陽之鳥木落南翔氷解北徂彭蠡洞庭之間千百成群

Wild geese: Wild geese are birds following the sun. When tree leaves fall, they fly south. When ice breaks, they fly north. Between the Pengli lake<ref>[http://ctext.org/shang-shu/tribute-of-yu] Book of Documents. Tribute of Yu. "The (lake of) Peng-li was confined to its proper limits, and the sun-birds (the wild geese) had places to settle on." 《尚書·禹貢》: 彭蠡既豬，陽鳥攸居。</ref> and the Dong-ting lake, they make flocks of hundreds and thousands.

==='''Student 2 : Younès M'Ghari'''===
----
46. 虎 : 虎者百獸之長名曰山君鉤爪鉅齒㗌人攫物見之者莫不恐畏也

Tigers are the chiefs of a hundred beasts. They are named 'the mountain lords'. Their claws are hooked and their teeth are enormous, they bite people and snatch things. [Among] Those who see them, noone is not afraid.

47. 鳳 : 生於丹山之穴非梧桐不棲非琅玕不啄是爲羽蟲之長

It is born in a cave of the Dan mountain1. If it is not a Paulonia tree, it does not perch; if it is not a nanggan2, it does not peck it. It is the chief of birds and insects.

48. 鶴 : 胎化者鶴也鳴于九皋聲聞于天仙人驂之道士馴之

The one that transforms from the foetus is a crane. It cries in the Nine Springs4, its sounds are heard in heaven. Immortals harness them, taoists train them.

49. 雞 : 朱氏翁之所化故人呼之爲朱朱夜捿于柾司晨而鳴其聲喈喈

Because of the transformation of the man named Chu3, people called him “ChuChu”5. By night they nest on a perch, herald the break of day and cry with the sound “KayKay”6.

50. 雁 : 雁者隨陽之鳥木落南翔氷解北徂彭蠡洞庭之間千百成群

Wild geese are birds following the sun. When tree [leaves] fall, they fly to the South; when ice breaks, they move to the North. Between the Pengli and the Dongting7, thousand hundreds [of them together] form a flock.

1: 丹山 (Tansan, 'Red mountain'), a legendary mountain often cited in other stories in relation to the phoenixes.

2: 琅玕 (nanggan), the fruit of an immortal tree of the same name (sometimes in other stories, a kind of gem that would look like fine jade).

3: 朱 (KR: Chu, CN: Zhu), a family name.

4: 九皋 ('Nine Springs'), an other appellation of 'hell' in sinitized Eastern Asia.

5: 朱朱 (chuju, 'ChuChu'), approximation of an onomatopeia that can be found in ancient Chinese texts such as the 初學記 (Chuxuejji, an encyclopedia written during the Tang (唐618-907 CE)).

6: 喈喈 (kaegae, 'KayKay') approximation of the original onomatopeia that was attributed to chicken in ancient times.

7: 彭蠡 (the Pengli marsh, today commonly called the Poyang (鄱陽) lake) & 洞庭 (the Dongting lake, the biggest lake in contemporary China).

==='''Student 3 : Petra Sváková'''===
----
46. 虎 : 虎者百獸之長名曰山君鉤爪鉅齒㗌人攫物見之者莫不恐畏也

Tigers: Tigers are heads of hudred beasts1, they are named the 'lords of the mountains'. [With their] hooked claws and enormous teeth, [they] bite people and grasp things. [Among] those who see them, [there is] no one [who] do not fear [them].

47. 鳳 : 生於丹山之穴非梧桐不棲非琅玕不啄是爲羽蟲之長

Phoenixes: [They are] born in the cave of the Tan moutain. If it is not a Paulownia tree, [they] do not perch; if it is not a Nanggan tree, [they] do not peck. They are the heads of the birds [and] the insects.

48. 鶴 : 胎化者鶴也鳴于九皋聲聞于天仙人驂之道士馴之

Cranes: Those which transform from the wombs are cranes. [When] crying in the Nine Springs, [their] voices are heard in the Heaven. The immortals harness them [and ride them], the Taoists tame them.

49. 雞 : 朱氏翁之所化故人呼之爲朱朱夜捿于柾司晨而鳴其聲喈喈

Chickens: [It is] that which old man Chu (Ch. Zhu) transformed [into]. Therefore, people call them "chu chu". At night [they] nest on perches, at daybreak [they] crow. Their sound [is] "kae kae".

50. 雁 : 雁者隨陽之鳥木落南翔氷解北徂彭蠡洞庭之間千百成群

Wild geese: Wild geese are birds [which] follow the sun. [When] tree [leaves] fall down, [they] fly to the south; [when] ice melt, [they] go to the north. Between Pangryŏ (Ch. Pengli) and Tongchǒng (Ch. Dongting), thousands [and] hundreds [of them] form flocks.

1 understand as 'all the beasts'

==='''Student 4 : (Write your name)'''===
----
46. 虎 : 虎者百獸之長名曰山君鉤爪鉅齒㗌人攫物見之者莫不恐畏也

Tigers – As for tigers, the leader of all beasts, [it is] named the mountain lord. [With] hooked claws and giant teeth [it] sinks [its teeth into] people and seizes things. [Of] those who see it, there are none who do not fear and dread.

47. 鳳 : 生於丹山之穴非梧桐不棲非琅玕不啄是爲羽蟲之長

Phoenix – Born in the caves of the Red Mountain, [if] not pawlonia trees [it] does not perch, [if] not pearl-like stones [it] does not peck, [and] this makes [it] the leader of the the feathered and insects.

48. 鶴 : 胎化者鶴也鳴于九皋聲聞于天仙人驂之道士馴之

Cranes – Those that transform in the womb are cranes. They cry in winding marshes and the sound is heard in the sky. Immortals harness them in threes [to ride] and Daoist adepts train them.

49. 雞 : 朱氏翁之所化故人呼之爲朱朱夜捿于柾司晨而鳴其聲喈喈

Chickens – What Old Man Zhu transformed into. [This is] the reason people call them "zhu zhu."1 At night they roost on perches and at daybreak they crow. This sound [is] "jie jie."2

50. 雁 : 雁者隨陽之鳥木落南翔氷解北徂彭蠡洞庭之間千百成群

Wild Geese – As for wild geese, they follow the sun. [When] tree [leaves] fall, [they] fly south. [When] ice breaks up, [they] go north. Between Pengli and Dongting,3 thousands and hundreds [of them] form flocks.

1 An onomatopoeic word for chickens (K: chu chu).

2 An onomatopoeia for the sound chickens make (K: kae kae).

3 Referring to Pengli Lake, also known as Poyang Lake after a nearby mountain, in modern-day Jiangxi Province, and Dongting Lake on the Yangzi River in modern-day Hunan Province.

==='''Student 5 : (Jae Yong Chang)'''===
----
46. 虎: 虎者, 百獸之長, 名曰山君, 鉤爪鉅齒, 㗌人攫物, 見之者, 莫不恐畏也

Tigers: The tiger are the head of hundred beasts. They are called ‘the lord of mountains.’ They have hooked claws and large teeth. They bite people and grab animals. [Among] those who see them, no one is afraid of them.

47. 鳳: 生於丹山之穴, 非梧桐, 不棲非琅玕, 不啄是爲羽蟲之長

Phoenix: Phoenix is born in a cave of Red Mountain. [If] it is not the Pawlonia tree, it does not perch; [if] it is not the Nanggan tree, it does not peck. It is the head of birds and insects.

48. 鶴: 胎化者, 鶴也, 鳴于九皋, 聲聞于天, 仙人驂之, 道士馴之

Cranes: Those that transform in the womb are cranes. They cry in marsh areas. Their sound is heard in heaven. Immortals harness it, Taoist masters train it.

49. 雞: 朱氏翁之所化, 故人呼之爲朱朱, 夜捿于柾, 司晨而鳴, 其聲喈喈

Chickens: An old man whose last name was Zhu died and became a chicken. Because people called him “chu chu.” At night, they nest on a perch. And they crow at daybreak. Their sound is “kae kae.”

50. 雁: 雁者, 隨陽之鳥, 木落南翔, 氷解北徂, 彭蠡洞庭之間, 千百成群

Gooses: Gooses follow the sun. [When] tree’s leaves fall down, they fly to the south. [When] ices melt, they move to the north. Between Pengli and Dongting, hundreds of thousands [of them] form flocks.

==='''Student 6 : (Goeun Lee)'''===

46. 虎 : 虎者百獸之長名曰山君鉤爪鉅齒㗌人攫物見之者莫不恐畏也

Tiger: Tiger is the chief of all beasts. [Thus] it is called ‘lord of mountains.’ [With] hooked claws and enormous teeth, [it] bites people and snatch animals. [Among] those who see it, none does not fear it.

47. 鳳 : 生於丹山之穴非梧桐1) 不棲非琅玕2)不啄是爲羽蟲之長

Phoenix: Phoenix is born in a cave of Red Mountain. [If] it is not Odong tree, it does not perch; [if] it is not Nanggan, it does not peck. It is the head of birds and insects.

48. 鶴 : 胎化者鶴也鳴于九皋聲聞于天仙人驂之道士馴之

Crane: Viviparous bird is crane. It cries in marsh areas; its sound is heard from heaven. Immortals harness it; Taoist masters tame it.

49. 雞 : 朱氏翁之所化故人呼之爲朱朱夜깃들일捿于柾/塒司晨而鳴其聲喈喈

Chicken: An old man from Ju (ch. Zhu) family transformed [himself] into a chicken. Therefore, people call it saying, “juju.” At night, it nests on a perch. It cries and reports the daybreak. Its sound is “gaegae.”

1)Kr. Odong; Ch. Wútóng which means paulownia.
2)A beautiful stone similar to jade <<書, 禹貢>>; a mythical tree that is believed to bear jade-like fruits <<山海經, 海內西經>>.
----

==='''Student 7 : (Write your name)'''===
----

==='''Student 8 : (Write your name)'''===
----

==='''Student 9 : HeeJin Lee '''===
----
46. As for the tiger / [It is] the leader of all beasts / [It is] called the mountain ruler / [It has] hooked claws [and] enormous teeth / [It] bites people [and] snatches things / As for those who see it / No one is not afraid [of it]

47. [It is] born in a cave on Mt. Dan(*) / If it is not a paulonia tree it does not perch / If it is not a fruit of a nanggan tree,(**) it does not peck / This is the head of birds [and] insects

(*) Mt. Dan (Dansan) is a legendary mountain which has a cave from which phoenixes are supposedly born

(**) Fruit of the nanggan tree are like jade-colored stones of the same name

48. As for that which transforms in the womb it is a crane / [It] cries in the nine marshes / [Its] cries [are] heard in the Heavens / Immortals ride them / Daoist adepts train them

49. [It is] the transformation of old man Zhu / Therefore people call it as zhu zhu / At night it perches on a perch / [It is] the official [who brings] the dawn and cries / Its sound [amounts to] clucking

50. As for the geese / [They are] birds [that] follow the sun / [When] tree [leaves] fall [they] fly south / [When] ice breaks apart [they] go north / Between Pengli and Dongling [lakes] / Thousands [upon] hundreds become a flock

==='''Student 10 : (Write your name)'''===
----

==='''Student 11 : (Write your name)'''===
----

==='''Student 12 : (Write your name)'''===
----

==='''Student 13 : (Write your name)'''===
----

==='''Student 14 : (Write your name)'''===
----

문장 46 - 50

2017-07-19T13:30:30Z

Kimm: /* Student 4 : (Write your name) */

문장 41 - 45

2017-07-18T10:31:26Z

Kimm: /* Student 4 : (Write your name) */

=='''Original Script'''==

{{원문텍스트
| =
41. 牡丹 : 東風吹牧丹盛開花之富貴者無雙第一國香故曰花中王

42. 禽獸 : 飛者謂之禽走者謂之獸羽族毛族其類各有三百

43. 牛 : 角者牛也農人牧之以耕田無牛何以爲農

44. 馬 : 馬之性善走致遠莫如馬故伯樂相之以取其良

45. 狗 : 狗之爲物畜于人家守門備盜見人則狺狺

}}

=='''Translation'''==

==='''Student 1 : (Write your name)'''===
----

==='''Student 2 : Younès M'Ghari'''===
----
41. 牡丹 : 東風吹牧丹盛開花之富貴者無雙第一國香故曰花中王

When the wind of the East blows, peonies flourish vitally. The wealth and preciosity of the flowers have no pair and are the first fragrance in the state. Thus, it is said that it is 'the king among flowers'.

42. 禽獸 : 飛者謂之禽走者謂之獸羽族毛族其類各有三百

Those which fly are called birds. Those which walk are called beasts. The feathered and the haired, in each of these categories there are 300 ones.

43. 牛 : 角者牛也農人牧之以耕田無牛何以爲農

Those with horns are oxen, farming people breed them to plough fields. Without oxen, how to farm?

44. 馬 : 馬之性善走致遠莫如馬故伯樂相之以取其良

The nature of horses is being good at running. There is nothing like horses that reaches far [beyond]. Thus, Bole1 appraised them with which to choose the good ones.

45. 狗 : 狗之爲物畜于人家守門備盜見人則狺狺

The way of dogs as things is to be domesticated in people's families, to keep the door and to get ready against thieves. When they see people, they bark2.

1: 伯樂 (Bole; 680-610 BCE), a famous horse tamer in Spring and Autumn period (771-476 BCE).

2: 狺狺 ('yinyin'), an onomatopeia which might have been used in the past for growling or even whining.

==='''Student 3 : (Write your name)'''===
----

==='''Student 4 : (Write your name)'''===
----
41. 牡丹 : 東風吹牧丹盛開花之富貴者無雙第一國香故曰花中王

Peony – The east wind blows, peonies flourishingly bloom. The riches and honors of the flower has no match. [Its] fragrance is the first in the country, the reason [it is] said [to be] the king of flowers.

42. 禽獸 : 飛者謂之禽走者謂之獸羽族毛族其類各有三百

Birds and Beasts – Flying ones – call them birds; running ones – call them beasts. The feathered family and the furred family, their categories each number three hundred.

43. 牛 : 角者牛也農人牧之以耕田無牛何以爲農

Cows – The ones that have horns are cows. Farmers till fields by raising them. Without cows, with what can [one] use to farm?

44. 馬 : 馬之性善走致遠莫如馬故伯樂相之以取其良

Horses' inherent trait [is that they] are good at running. Reaching far, none are like the horse, the reason why Bo Le1 used appearances to choose the good [ones].

45. 狗 : 狗之爲物畜于人家守門備盜見人則狺狺

Dogs' way of being a thing is being raised by households to protect [the] gates and prepare against thieves. [If dogs] see [other] people, then [they] growl [by going 'yin yin'].

1 A legendary judge of horses during the Spring and Autumn period.

==='''Student 5 : (Jae Yong Chang)'''===
----
41. 牡丹: 東風吹, 牧丹盛開, 花之富貴者, 無雙第一國香, 故曰花中王

Peonies: The east wind blows, Peonies flourishingly bloom. The richness of blooming flowers is without pair, the fragrance is the first in the state. Therefore, it is said that it is the king of flowers.

42. 禽獸: 飛者謂之禽, 走者謂之獸, 羽族毛族, 其類各有三百

Birds and beasts: Those which fly are called birds. Those which walk are called beasts. The feathered family and the furred family, in their categories there are three hundreds each.

43. 牛: 角者牛也, 農人牧之以耕田, 無牛何以爲農

Cows: Those which have horns are cows. Farmers raise them to cultivate the fields. How can they farm without cows?

44. 馬: 馬之性善走, 致遠莫如馬, 故伯樂相之, 以取其良

Horses: The nature of horses is good at running. There is nothing like horses that reach far. Therefore, Bo Le observed them with which to choose the good ones.

45. 狗: 狗之爲物, 畜于人家, 守門備盜, 見人則狺狺

Dogs: What the dogs are the livestock in households, [Dogs] guard doors and protect against thieves. When seeing people, then they are barking.

==='''Student 6 : (Write your name)'''===
----

==='''Student 7 : (Write your name)'''===
----

==='''Student 8 : (Write your name)'''===
----

==='''Student 9 : (Write your name)'''===
----

==='''Student 10 : Jelena Gledić'''===
----
41. Peony: 

The eastern wind blows, the peony thrives. The wealth of blossomed flowers is unparalleled, the fragrance is the best in the land. That is why it is said to be the king among flowers. 

42. Birds and beasts: 

Those who fly are called birds. Those who run are called beasts. Feathered kin and furry kin, their species are each three hundred [in number]. 

43. Ox: 

Those who have horns are oxen. Farmers herd them to plow fields with them. Without oxen, how can there be farming. 

44. Horse: 

The character of the horse is to be good at running. In reaching far, no thing is like the horse. A long time ago, Bo Le would observe them to choose the good ones<ref>This refers to stories of the famous horse tamer from the Spring and Autumn period who could judge the quality of a horse by its appearance.</ref>. 

45. Dog: 

Dogs are things raised by households. They guard the door and are ready for thieves. When they see people they yap.

==='''Student 11 : (Write your name)'''===
----

==='''Student 12 : (Write your name)'''===
----

==='''Student 13 : (Write your name)'''===
----

==='''Student 14 : (Write your name)'''===
----

문장 36 - 40

2017-07-18T10:29:26Z

Kimm: /* Student 4 : (Write your name) */

=='''Original Script'''==

{{원문텍스트
| =
36. 杏花: 三月江南處處花發水村山郭風掣酒旗遊人行客多尋杏花村

37. 梅花: 臘雪初消寒葩始綻閒庭黃昏暗香浮動

38. 柳: 渭城朝雨章臺春風枝枝垂絲葉葉嫩金征婦結恨遊者蕩情

39. 蘭草: 生於幽谷淸香遠播君子愛之故曰人之同心其臭如蘭如入芝蘭之室

40. 四季花: 凡百卉之發一歲不再發惟此花獨春之季月夏之季月秋之季月冬之季月每發故謂之四季花

}}

=='''Translation'''==

==='''Student 1 : Sanghoon Na'''===
----

36. 杏花: 三月江南處處花發水村山郭風掣酒旗遊人行客多尋杏花村

Apricot flowers: In the third month '''at{%%in%%}''' Jiangnan the flowers blossom everywhere. '''{00 山郭風掣 is not translated.00}''' Wind '''brings {%%shakes/sways/ripples%%}''' a streamer of a tavern<ref> [http://humanum.arts.cuhk.edu.hk/Lexis/Lindict/] 酒旗: a streamer hanging in front of a wine shop. </ref> The loiterers and travellers frequently look for a village with apricot flowers.

37. 梅花: 臘雪初消寒葩始綻閒庭黃昏暗香浮動

Plum flowers: [When] Winter snow<ref> [http://humanum.arts.cuhk.edu.hk/Lexis/Lindict/] 臘月: the winter months (10th, 11th and 12th)</ref> first thaws, cold flower buds begin to break open [as flower]. In the quiescent garden at dusk a delicate fragrance float around.

38. 柳: 渭城朝雨章臺春風枝枝垂絲葉葉嫩金征婦結恨遊者蕩情

Willows: The morning rain at Weicheng <ref> 王维 <渭城曲>: 渭城朝雨浥輕塵 Wang Wei's "A Song at Weicheng": Weicheng's morning rain dampens the light dust </ref> and the spring wind at Zhangtai <ref> [https://chinese.yabla.com/chinese-english-pinyin-dictionary.php?define=zhang+tai] 章臺: street name in ancient Chang'an synonymous with brothel area red-light district </ref> make each willow branch hang down like threads and each leaf soften like delicate gold. The wife whose husband went to war bears grief, while travelers drift with promiscuous feelings.

39. 蘭草: 生於幽谷淸香遠播君子愛之故曰人之同心其臭如蘭如入芝蘭之室

Orchids: [They] Grow in '''a secluded valley {%%deep valleys%%}'''. Fresh fragrance spread far away. The virtuous men love them, so '''{^it is^}''' said, "The scent of people of a mind are like that of orchids and like entering the room full of '''fragrant orchids {%%orchids and polypores%%}''' <ref> [http://ctext.org/kongzi-jiayu/liu-ben] 如入芝蘭之室: 《孔子家語·六本》: 故曰：與善人居，如入芝蘭之室，久而不聞其香，即與之化矣 </ref>

40. 四季花: 凡百卉之發一歲不再發惟此花獨春之季月夏之季月秋之季月冬之季月每發故謂之四季花

Four Season Flower: As for florescence of all flowers, they do not bloom twice a year. But this flower alone bloom every time in the last month of spring, in the last month of summer, in the last month of autumn, and in the last month of winter. It is called Four Season Flower.

==='''Student 2 : Younès M'Ghari'''===
----
36. 杏花: 三月江南處處花發水村山郭風掣酒旗遊人行客多尋杏花村

The third month in Jiangnan1, flowers blossom here and there, in villages by the rivers and towns in the mountains, the wind blows on inns' flags, among wandering people and travellers, many are looking for the apricot-flower village. '''{00 杏花村 can use a note.00}'''

37. 梅花: 臘雪初消寒葩始綻閒庭黃昏暗香浮動

The snow of the '''twelve’s {%%twelfth%%}''' month starts to melt, cold blooms commence to spread, '''courtyards are quiet and dusks are yellow {%%at dusk in the quiet garden%%}''', a '''dark {%%subtle/subdued%%}'''fragrance floats and move [around].

38. 柳: 渭城朝雨章臺春風枝枝垂絲葉葉嫩金征婦結恨遊者蕩情

The morning rain of Weicheng 2, the spring wind of Zhangtai, every branches '''bend {%%hang down%%}''' like threads, every '''leaves {%%leaf%%}''' sparkle like gold, the wives of soldiers who went on expedition tie their grief, the travellers have promiscuous feelings.

39. 蘭草: 生於幽谷淸香遠播君子愛之故曰人之同心其臭如蘭如入芝蘭之室

They emerge in deep ravines, they diffuse far away a pure fragrance. Gentlemen love them, therefore it is said that "The shared minds of people are like the fragrance of orchids, it is like entering a house of orchids and '''angelica roots {%%polypores%%}'''3.

40. 四季花: 凡百卉之發一歲不再發惟此花獨春之季月夏之季月秋之季月冬之季月每發故謂之四季花

In general, the blooming of a hundred blossoms does not happen again in a year. Only these flowers bloom everytime in the third month of spring, the third month of autumn, the third month of winter. Thus they are called “Flowers of the four seasons”4.

1: 江南 (Jiangnan), province located in Southern China.

2: 渭城 (Weicheng) & 章臺 (Zhangtai), Chinese cities.

3: 芝蘭 ('orchids and angelica roots'), flowers known for their subtle fragrances; in the text, the author is making a comparison with people that we may feel good with, even without exchanging a word.

4: 四季花, more precisely, "Flowers of the third month of the four seasons" '''{00This was a thought, but not confirmed.00}'''.

==='''Student 3 : Petra Sváková'''===
----
36. 杏花: 三月江南處處花發水村山郭風掣酒旗遊人行客多尋杏花村

Apricot flowers: In the third month in Jiangnan1, flowers blossom everywhere. In villages by the rivers and towns near the mountains, the wind blows on streamers of wine shops, and many travellers and tourists seek the village of apricot flowers.

37. 梅花: 臘雪初消寒葩始綻閒庭黃昏暗香浮動

Plum flowers: [When] the snow of the twelfth month starts to melt, cold blossoms begin to open, and in tranquil yards at dusk subtle scent '''flows and moves {%%floats%%}''' around.

38. 柳: 渭城朝雨章臺春風枝枝垂絲葉葉嫩金征婦結恨遊者蕩情

Willows: The morning rain in Weicheng2 and the spring wind in Zhangtai3, [they make] all the branches hang down like silk and all the leaves delicate as gold. Wives whose husbands went to war connect [this with their] sorrow '''{O not sure about this phrase O}''' and those who travel get promiscuous feelings.

39. 蘭草: 生於幽谷淸香遠播君子愛之故曰人之同心其臭如蘭如入芝蘭之室

Orchids: They grow in deep valleys, [their] pure fragrance is spread far away, and gentlemen love them. Therefore, it is said that shared minds of people - its scent is like that of the orchids, it is like entering a room of '''anjelica roots {%%polypores55]''' and orchids4.

40. 四季花: 凡百卉之發一歲不再發惟此花獨春之季月夏之季月秋之季月冬之季月每發故謂之四季花

Four season flowers5: In general, [as for] blooming of hundred flowers, within a year they do not bloom again. Only these flowers bloom alone every time in the last month of spring, the last month of summer, the last month of autumn and the last month of winter. Thus we call these four season flowers.

1 regions south of the Yangtse river

2 It refers to a poem "Wei City Song" of Wang Wei (699-761 AD; poem with translation [http://www.musicated.com/syh/tangpoems.htm#WangWei04])

3 Street name in ancient Chang'an synonymous with a brothel area red-light district.

4 Anjelica root and orchid - litr. symbol for fragrance, the gentleman, high character; in this text the author uses this to indicate that close people might be comfortable next to each other even without talking.

5 also called 'Chinese rose'

==='''Student 4 : (Write your name)'''===
----
36. 杏花: 三月江南處處花發水村山郭風掣酒旗遊人行客多尋杏花村

Apricot Flowers – In the third month in Jiangnan, in various places flowers bloom, towns [by the] water and surrounding mountains, the wind tugs at wine [shop] flags. Many traveling people and ambulating guest '''{00Nice00}''' look for apricot flowering towns.

37. 梅花: 臘雪初消寒葩始綻閒庭黃昏暗香浮動

Plum Flowers – The twelfth month's snow first disappears, winter buds start bursting [open]. Inside gardens at dusk, a muted fragrance floatingly moves.

38. 柳: 渭城朝雨章臺春風枝枝垂絲葉葉嫩金征婦結恨遊者蕩情

*** not yet translated ***

39. 蘭草: 生於幽谷淸香遠播君子愛之故曰人之同心其臭如蘭如入芝蘭之室

Born in deep valleys, a clear scent spreads afar. Gentlemen love it, [this is] the reason [they] say people of the same mind, their scent is like orchids, [and] like entering a house of '''angelica root {%%polypores%%}'''and orchids.

40. 四季花: 凡百卉之發一歲不再發惟此花獨春之季月夏之季月秋之季月冬之季月每發故謂之四季花

Generally, [as for] the blooming of numerous flowers, they do not bloom [again] in the year. Only this flower alone blooms [in] every spring's last month, summer's last month, autumn's last month, [and] winter's last month, the reason [people] call it the four-season flower.

Edited Sections:

36. Apricot Flowers – In the third month in Jiangnan, in various places flowers bloom, towns [by the] water and surrounding mountains, the wind tugs at wine [shop] flags. Many traveling people and ambulating guests look for apricot flowering towns.

39. Born in deep valleys, a clear scent spreads afar. Gentlemen love it, [this is] the reason [they] say people of the same mind, their scent is like orchids, [and] like entering a house of polypores and orchids.

==='''Student 5 : (Jae Yong Chang)'''===
----

36. 杏花: 三月江南, 處處花發, 水村山郭, 風掣酒旗, 遊人行客, 多尋杏花村

Apricot flowers: In the third month in Jiangnan, flowers blossom everywhere. In riverside villages and mountain towns, wine’s flags flutters in the wind. Travelers and tourists are looking for the apricot flower village.

37. 梅花: 臘雪初消, 寒葩始綻, 閒庭黃昏, 暗香浮動

Plum flowers: The last month’s snow begins to melt, cold flowers start to open. In the gardens at dusk, a dark fragrance moves around.

38. 柳: 渭城朝雨, 章臺春風, 枝枝垂絲, 葉葉嫩金, 征婦結恨, 遊者蕩情

Willows: The morning rain in Weicheng, the spring wind of Zhangtai, branches of [willows] bend like threads, leaves of [willows] delicate like gold, a wife who sent her husband in a battle ties her grief, a traveler has dissipated feeling.

39. 蘭草: 生於幽谷, 淸香遠播, 君子愛之, 故曰, 人之同心, 其臭如蘭, 如入芝蘭之室

Orchids: [Orchids] live from the deep valleys. Clean fragrance spreads far away. The gentleman loves it. So, it is said that the shared mind of the people, this small is like orchids and is like entering into the orchid bloom room.

40. 四季花: 凡百卉之發, 一歲不再發, 惟此花獨春之季月, 夏之季月, 秋之季月, 冬之季月, 每發故謂之四季花

Four season flowers: In general, the blooming of a hundred flowers does not bloom again in a year. This flower alone blooms every time in the third month of spring, the third month of autumn, the third month of winter. Therefore, they are called it the four seasons flowers.

==='''Student 6 : (Goeun Lee)'''===

杏花: 三月江南1) 處處花發水村山郭風掣酒旗遊人行客多尋杏花村

Apricot flower: In the third month, flowers blossom everywhere in Jiangnan; [among] the riverside towns and mountain villages, wind tickles streamers hanging over taverns '''{00 Sentence breaks after 酒旗. 00}'''frequented by travelers and tourists searching for apricot villages.

梅花: 臘雪初消寒葩始綻閒庭黃昏暗香浮動

Plum flower: [As] snow in the last month of the year begins to melt, '''its buds open in the cold {%%cold buds begin to burst%%}'''; in a quiet garden at twilight, its subtle fragrance floats around.

柳: 渭城2)朝雨章臺3)春風枝枝垂絲葉葉嫩金征婦結恨遊者蕩情

Willow tree: Morning rain in Weicheng, spring wind of Zhāng tái; '''[its] {%%make their%%}''' branches droop like threads, [its] leaves glitter like gold. A wife of a soldier who went on battle knotted her bitter emotions [there]; a traveler '''wiped off his sentiments [there] {%% gets a lustful mind%%}'''.

蘭草: 生於幽谷淸香遠播君子愛之故曰人之同心其臭如蘭4) 如入芝蘭之室5)

Wild orchid: Blooming in deep valley, [its] pure fragrance diffuses far away. Gentlemen love it. Thus it is said, "the shared hearts of two people are '''as fragrant as orchid {00 OK, this is creative.00}'''; '''[associating with a goodman] {%% and%%}''' is like entering a room with orchid '''{^and polypores^}'''."

1) Southern regions of the Yangtse in China. This reveals the shared geographical notion in Korean and Chinese literature.

2) 王維, '渭城曲'. 渭城은 지금의 陝西省西安市 서북쪽에 위치해 있는데, 秦나라 도성인 함양 남쪽으로 渭水가 흐른다고 해서 渭城이라 불렸다. 자고로 이별의 장소로 쓰였다. 왕유가 그의 벗 元二를 餞別한 장소이기도 하다. -송재소, 『당시삼백수3』, 240쪽.

3) 현재 陝西省長安縣故城西南에 있다. 전국 시대에 세워졌다. 장대 아래에는 ‘章臺街’라는 거리가 있었다. 이곳은 歌妓들이 모여 사는 곳이기도 해서 나중에는 妓院을 지칭하는 말로도 사용되었다. 이 거리에는 버드나무柳가 심겨있었는데 이별할 때 가지를 꺾어주었다. 이와 관련하여, 唐나라 韓翃과 名妓柳氏의 사랑 이야기가 전해진다. “章臺柳, 章臺柳, 昔日靑靑今在否? 縱使長條似舊垂, 也應攀折他人手” -왕궈웨이(王國維) 저, 조성천 역 『人間詞話』, 각주 106번.

4) 子曰：君子之道，或出或處，或默或語，二人同心，其利斷金，同心之言，其臭如蘭，初六藉用白茅，無咎。《周易》 51

5) 孔子曰：「吾死之後，則商也日益，賜也日損。」曾子曰：「何謂也？」子曰：「商也好與賢己者處，賜也好說不若己者。不知其子，視其父；不知其人，視其友；不知其君，視其所使；不知其地，視其草木。故曰：與善人居，如入芝蘭之室，久而不聞其香，即與之化矣；與不善人居，如入鮑魚之肆，久而不聞其臭，亦與之化矣。丹之所藏者赤，漆之所藏者黑。是以君子必慎其所與處者焉。」《六本》 15

----

==='''Student 7 : (Write your name)'''===
----

==='''Student 8 : (Write your name)'''===
----

==='''Student 9 : (Write your name)'''===
----

==='''Student 10 : Jelena Gledić'''===
----
36. Apricot flower: 

In the third month in Jiangnan<ref>This term refers to an area south of a river, in this case likely the Yangtze in China.</ref>, flowers bloom all over. In river villages and mountain hamlets, the wind flutters [through] the banners of inns. Travelers and guests frequently seek out villages with apricot flowers. 

37. Plum flower: 

'''In the last month of the year, the snow {%%The snow from the last month of the year%%}''' begins to melt and cold flowers start to open. The tranquil yard at dusk, a subdued fragrance floating [around in the air]. 

38. Willow: 

Weicheng, morning rain<ref>This is likely a reference to the poem “Weicheng song” (渭城曲) by Tang dynasty author Wang Wei, which starts with the same words.</ref>. Zhangtai<ref>This name refers to several locations in Chinese history, but here it refers to the use of Zhangtai '''meaning {%%alluding to%%}'''willow in Chinese poetry, which likely stems from the tune “Zhangtai willow” (章台柳) composed by Tang dynasty author Han Hong.</ref>, spring wind. Branches, dangling threads. Leaves, delicate gold. Soldiers’ wives, tense with resentment. Rolling stones, swayed with emotions. '''{00 Nicely poetic.00}''' 

39. Orchid: 

Born in dark ravines, [its] clean fragrance spreads far. Gentlemen love it. It is said that the compatibility between people [carries an] aroma similar to orchids, that it is like entering a room filled with '''angelica root {%%polypores&&}''' and orchids<ref>芝蘭, literally means '''angelica root {%%polypores%%}'''and orchids, but it is often used to mean fragrant flowers.</ref>. 

40. Four-season flower<ref>This term is sometimes used to refer to the flower known as China rose.</ref>: 

Usually, the blooming of flowers does not happen aa second time in one year. Only this flower alone – in the third month of spring, in the third month of summer, in the third month of fall, in the third month of winter – every time it blooms. Therefore it is called four-season flower.

==='''Student 11 : (Write your name)'''===
----

==='''Student 12 : (Write your name)'''===
----

==='''Student 13 : (Write your name)'''===
----

==='''Student 14 : (Write your name)'''===
----

문장 31 - 35

2017-07-18T10:27:48Z

Kimm: /* Student 4 : (Write your name) */

=='''Original Script'''==

{{원문텍스트
| =
31. 木: 植根于土枝幹漸長春則葉生秋則葉落

32. 花: 東風吹白花乃發或白或紅又有黃紫蜂蝶時來尋其香

33. 竹: 靑靑高節貫四時而不變君子愛之種于庭

34. 松: 亭亭獨立蒼翠之色經歲寒不變君子愛之種于庭

35. 桃: 仲春之月始生華夭夭灼灼但得片時韶光

}}

=='''Translation'''==

==='''Student 1 : Sanghoon Na'''===
----
31. 木: 植根于土枝幹漸長春則葉生秋則葉落

Trees: '''[People] Plant [the] roots {%%They are rooted%%}''' in the ground. Branches and trunks gradually grow. In spring leaves sprout. In autumn leaves fall.

32. 花: 東風吹白花乃發或白或紅又有黃紫蜂蝶時來尋其香

Flowers: East wind blows. All flowers then effloresce. Some are white and some red. And there are some yellow and purple. Honeybees and butterflies timely come in search for the fragrance.

33. 竹: 靑靑高節貫四時而不變君子愛之種于庭

Bamboos: Blue green, lofty and knotty(or lofty virtue). [They] Pass through four seasons but do not change. The virtuous men love them and plant [them] in the yard.

34. 松: 亭亭獨立蒼翠之色經歲寒不變君子愛之種于庭

Pines: [They] Gracefully stand alone. The color of green jade, passing through years, does not change. The virtuous men love them and plant [them] in the yard.

35. 桃: 仲春之月始生華夭夭灼灼但得片時韶光

Peaches: In the month of mid-spring, [they] begin to bloom. Elegantly blossoming and brightly shining.<ref> [http://ctext.org/dictionary.pl?if=en&char=%E7%81%BC%E7%81%BC] 夭夭灼灼: 《詩經·桃夭》: 桃之夭夭、灼灼其華。The peach tree is young and elegant; Brilliant are its flowers. </ref> But it has only a short moment of vernal light.

==='''Student 2 : Younès M'Ghari'''===
----
31. 木: 植根于土枝幹漸長春則葉生秋則葉落

They plant roots in the soil and their branches and trunk gradually grow; in spring their leaves originate, in autumn their leaves fall.

32. 花: 東風吹白花乃發或白或紅又有黃紫蜂蝶時來尋其香

When the eastern wind blows, a hundred flowers then flourish. Some are white, some are red, also there are yellow and purple ones. Bees and butterflies timely come and look for their fragrance.

33. 竹: 靑靑高節貫四時而不變君子愛之種于庭

They are very green, high and have constancy. They go through the four seasons but do not change. Virtuous men love them and plant them in the garden1.

34. 松: 亭亭獨立蒼翠之色經歲寒不變君子愛之種于庭

They are very upright, '''stand alone and of a verdant color. They pass the years of cold and do not change {%%standing alone. Their verdant color, passing a year of cold, does not change%%}'''. '''Virtuous men {%%Gentlemen%%}''' love them and plant them in the garden1.

35. 桃: 仲春之月始生華夭夭灼灼但得片時韶光

The month of mid-spring, they start appearing and blooming. They are vigorous and shining, but they only get a fragmentary time to illuminate. '''{00夭夭灼灼 can use a note.00}'''

1: The character 庭 (chông) is usually utilized to mean 'court' or 'courtyard'. The 'garden' mentioned in this text refers to a limited space supposed to imitate nature.

==='''Student 3 : Petra Sváková'''===
----
31. 木: 植根于土枝幹漸長春則葉生秋則葉落

Trees: [They] plant [their] roots in the soil and [their] branches and trunks grow gradually. [If it is] spring then [their] leaves come out, [if it is] autumn then [their] leaves fall down.

32. 花: 東風吹白花乃發或白或紅又有黃紫蜂蝶時來尋其香

Flowers: [When] the eastern wind blows1 then hundred flowers 2 bloom. Some are white and some are red. Also, there are yellow and purple ones. Honeybees and butterflies opportunely come to seek their fragrance.

33. 竹: 靑靑高節貫四時而不變君子愛之種于庭

Bamboos: [They are] vividly green, tall and constant. [They] do not change throughout the four seasons, the '''virtuous men {%%gentlemen%%}''' love them and plant them in [their] yards.

34. 松: 亭亭獨立蒼翠之色經歲寒不變君子愛之種于庭

Pines: [They] stand alone uprightly. [Their] colour of dark green passing through the years and coldness does not change. The virtuous men love them and plant them in [their] yards.

35. 桃: 仲春之月始生華夭夭灼灼但得片時韶光

Peaches: In the month of mid-spring, [they] start blossoming. [They are] '''luxuriant and brightly shining {00夭夭灼灼 can use a note.00}''' but [they] get only a brief moment to light up [and then they vanish].

1 This phrase indicates the season of spring.

2 understand 'all flowers'

==='''Student 4 : (Write your name)'''===
----
31. 木: 植根于土枝幹漸長春則葉生秋則葉落

Trees - Planting roots in the earth, the branches and stems steadily grow. [If] spring then the leaves are living, [if] autumn the leaves are falling.

32. 花: 東風吹白花乃發或白或紅又有黃紫蜂蝶時來尋其香

Flowers – The east wind blows, then the flowers bloom. Some are white, some are red. Others have a yellow or purple [color]. Bees and butterflies seasonably arrive and search for their fragrance.

33. 竹: 靑靑高節貫四時而不變君子愛之種于庭

Bamboo – Very blue-green, '''tall, [divided into] knots {00 also consider 高節 can be 'high fidelity' 00}''', [they] go through the four seasons but do not change. Gentlemen love planting them in [their] gardens.

34. 松: 亭亭獨立蒼翠之色經歲寒不變君子愛之種于庭

Pines – Uprightly standing alone, [of a] coruscatingly blue color, [they] pass the years and do not change in the cold. Gentlemen love planting them in [their] gardens.

35. 桃: 仲春之月始生華夭夭灼灼但得片時韶光

Peach – Starting to come alive and bloom in the second month of spring, [it is] '''tender and brilliant {00夭夭灼灼 can use a note.00}''', but [only] obtained in a brief moment of splendid light.

Edited Sections:

33. Bamboo – Very blue-green, highly faithful, [they] go through the four seasons but do not change. Gentlemen love planting them in [their] gardens.

35. Peach – Starting to come alive and bloom in the second month of spring, [it is] tender and brilliant,1 but [only] obtained in a brief moment of splendid light.

1夭夭灼灼(K: yoyo chakchak; C: yaoyao zhuozhuo) can be found in the 周南 (K: Chu Nam; C: Zhou Nan) chapter of the Book of Poetry (詩經) being used to describe the peach as being beautiful in appearance.

==='''Student 5 : (Jae Yong Chang)'''===
----
31. 木: 植根于土, 枝幹漸長, 春則葉生, 秋則葉落

Trees: '''Plant roots {%%They are rooted%%]''' in the ground. '''{^Their^}''' Branches and '''stream {%%stems%%}''' gradually grow. In spring leaves bloom; in autumn, leaves fall.

32. 花: 東風吹, 百花乃發, 或白或紅, 又有黃紫蜂蝶時, 來尋其香

Flowers: East wind blows. one hundred flowers bloom. Some are white and some red. Again there are some yellow and some purple. Bees and butterflies come to look for the fragrance.

33. 竹: 靑靑高節, 貫四時而不變, 君子愛之, 種于庭

Bamboos: Blue green and constancy, [They] pass by four seasons, but do not change. The gentleman loves them and plants [them] in the garden.

34. 松: 亭亭獨立, 蒼翠之色, 經歲寒不變, 君子愛之, 種于庭

Pines: [Pines] gracefully stand alone. Its color of blue and green is passing through years and doesn’t change '''{^in the cold^}'''. The gentleman loves them and plants [them] in the garden.

35. 桃: 仲春之月, 始生華, 夭夭灼灼, 但得片時韶光

Peaches: In the month of middle spring, [Peaches] begin making flowers. [They are] young and elegant and brilliant. But [They] get a brief time '''and a beautiful time {%%to light up%%}'''.

==='''Student 6 : (Goeun Lee)'''===

木: 植根于土枝幹漸長春則葉生秋則葉落

Tree: [Its] root is planted in soil, its branches gradually grow. In spring, [its] leaves bloom; in autumn, [its] leaves fall off.

花: 東風吹, 百花乃發. 或白或紅又有黃紫蜂蝶時來尋其香

Flowers: When wind blows from the east, all kinds of flowers blossom. Some are white, some are red; Also there are yellow and purple. Bees and butterflies arrive timely searching for their fragrance.

竹: 靑靑高節貫四時而不變君子愛之種于庭

Bamboo: It is indeed green, highly chaste; throughout the four seasons, it does not change. Gentlemen love it, and plant it in their garden.

松: 亭亭獨立蒼翠之色經歲寒不變君子愛之種于庭

Pine tree:　Gracefully standing alone, its color is fresh green. Over a year, [despite] coldness, it does not change. Gentlemen love it, and plant it in their garden.

桃: 仲春之月始生華夭夭灼灼但得片時韶光

In the month of midspring, peach flowers begin to bloom; [they look] '''youthful and colorful {00夭夭灼灼 can use a note.00}''' but [their beauty] illumines only briefly.

----

==='''Student 7 : (Write your name)'''===
----

==='''Student 8 : (Write your name)'''===
----

==='''Student 9 : (Write your name)'''===
----

==='''Student 10 : Jelena Gledić'''===
----
31. Trees: 

The plant rooted in the earth, its branches and stems gradually grow. In spring leaves emerge, and in autumn the leaves fall. 

32. Flowers: 

The Eastern wind blows<ref>Indicates the spring season.</ref>, and all flowers bloom. Some are white, some are red. There are also yellow and purple ones. The honeybees and butterflies aptly seek out their fragrance. 

33. Bamboo: 

Lush green, tall and upright, it does not change throughout the four seasons. Gentlemen love it and plant it in their yards. 

34. Pine: 

Gracefully standing alone, the verdant color does not change as the year passes and in the cold. Gentlemen love it and plant it in their yards. 

35. Peach: 

In the mid-spring month, it starts to bear flowers, '''fresh-looking and vivid {00夭夭灼灼 can use a note.00}'''. But, it gets [just] an instant of glorious luster.

==='''Student 11 : (Write your name)'''===
----

==='''Student 12 : (Write your name)'''===
----

==='''Student 13 : (Write your name)'''===
----

==='''Student 14 : (Write your name)'''===
----

문장 26 - 30

2017-07-18T10:15:33Z

Kimm: /* Student 4 : (Write your name) */

=='''Original Script'''==

{{원문텍스트
| =
26. 衣食: 人情終歲不制則寒一日不再食則飢故聖人乃制衣食以厚生民

27. 士: 士之爲業讀書修身整其衣冠謹其言行凡爲仕進者自士而始

28. 孝弟: 孝悌之道根於天性不孝不悌近於禽獸也事親以誠事長以敬是爲孝悌也

29. 四方: 天地之間有四方前爲南後爲北左爲東右爲西

30. 草: 雜生山野爲地之毛春夏生長秋冬則黃枯

}}

=='''Translation'''==

==='''Student 1 : Sanghoon Na'''===
----

==='''Student 2 : Younès M'Ghari'''===
----
26. 衣食: 人情終歲不制則寒一日不再食則飢故聖人乃制衣食以厚生民

In the reality of humans, if you do not make clothes all year, then you will be cold, if you do not eat again in a day, then you will starve. Thus the sages made clothes and food which they provided to the living people.

27. 士: 士之爲業讀書修身整其衣冠謹其言行凡爲仕進者自士而始

What a scholar takes as work is reading '''{^books^}''' (out loud) and cultivation of oneself, properly dressing with clothes and hats, being careful with his language and behavior; generally one who pursues an official career should start from being a scholar.

28. 孝悌: 孝悌之道根於天性不孝不悌近於禽獸也事親以誠事長以敬是爲孝悌也

The way of filiality and fraternity is rooted in Heaven’s nature; non-filiality and non-fraternity are close to birds and beasts. Serving parents with sincerity, serving elders with respect: this is filiality and fraternity.

29. 四方: 天地之間有四方前爲南後爲北左爲東右爲西

Between heaven and earth there are four directions: forward is the south, backward is the north, left side is the east, right side is the west.

30. 草: 雜生山野爲地之毛春夏生長秋冬則黃枯

They appear miscellaneous in mountains and fields are the hair of earth; in spring and summer they appear and grow, in autumn and winter they turn yellow and dry.

==='''Student 3 : Petra Sváková'''===
----
26. 衣食: 人情終歲不制則寒一日不再食則飢故聖人乃制衣食以厚生民

Clothing and Food: [As for] the reality of humans, [if they] do not make clothes over the year, then [they will be] cold. [If they] do not eat again in one day, then [they will] starve. Therefore, the sages made the clothes and the food and provide [them] to people.

27. 士: 士之爲業讀書修身整其衣冠謹其言行凡爲仕進者自士而始

Scholars: What scholars take as their work is reading books (aloud) to cultivate themselves, dressing properly with clothes and hats, being careful with their language and behaviour. In general, those '''who become [government] officials and advance {00or "those who advance to become government officials"00}''', [they should] start from [becoming] scholars first.

Corrected text:

Scholars: What scholars take as their work is reading books (aloud) to cultivate themselves, dressing properly with clothes and hats, being careful with their language and behaviour. In general, those who advance to become government officials, [they should] start from [becoming] scholars first

28. 孝弟: 孝悌之道根於天性不孝不悌近於禽獸也事親以誠事長以敬是爲孝悌也

Filiality and Fraternity: The way of filiality and fraternity is based on Heavenly nature. [If a person] is not filial and fraternal, [then he is] close to birds and beasts. Serving parents with sincerity and serving elders with respect, this is filiality and fraternity.

29. 四方: 天地之間有四方前爲南後爲北左爲東右爲西

Four directions: Between Heaven and Earth, there are four directions. Front is south, back is north, left is east, and right is west1.

30. 草: 雜生山野爲地之毛春夏生長秋冬則黃枯

Plants: [They] grow miscellaneously in mountains and wild fields, [they] become hair of the earth, in spring and summer [they] bloom and grow, and in autumn and winter then [they] turn yellow and wither.

1 These directions are from the view of the emperor.

==='''Student 4 : (Write your name)'''===
----
26. 衣食: 人情終歲不制則寒一日不再食則飢故聖人乃制衣食以厚生民

Clothing and Food – [As for] human's circumstances, [if] by a year's end [they] do not make [clothes], then [they] will be cold. [If] in one day do not again eat, then [they] will be hungry. [This is] the reason sages then made clothes and food to [let] people live amply.

27. 士: 士之爲業讀書修身整其衣冠謹其言行凡爲仕進者自士而始

Scholars – What scholars take to be their business is reading [out loud] books to cultivate [their] selves, [properly] arranging their clothing and '''headgear {00maybe just "cap"}''', and [making] careful their speech and behavior. In general those '''who [become] officials and advance {%%advance to become officials%%}''' start by being scholars first.

28. 孝弟: 孝悌之道根於天性不孝不悌近於禽獸也事親以誠事長以敬是爲孝悌也

Filiality and Fraternity – The way of filiality and fraternity is rooted in heavenly nature. Not being filial and not be fraternal is close to [being] birds and beasts. Serving parents with sincerity and serving elders with respect, this is filiality and fraternity.

29. 四方: 天地之間有四方前爲南後爲北左爲東右爲西

The Four Directions - Between heaven and earth there are four directions. [In] front is south, behind is north, [to the] left is east, and [to the] right is west.

30. 草: 雜生山野爲地之毛春夏生長秋冬則黃枯

Grasses - The miscellany [of plants] living in the mountains and wild fields make up the hair of the earth. [In] spring and summer [they] come alive and grow, [in] autumn and winter [they] then yellow and dry up.

Edited Sections:

27. Scholars – What scholars take to be their business is reading [out loud] books to cultivate [their] selves, [properly] arranging their clothing and caps, and [making] careful their speech and behavior. In general, those who advance to become officials start by being scholars first.

==='''Student 5 : (Jae Yong Chang)'''===
----
26. 衣食: 人情, 終歲不制則寒, 一日不再食則飢. 故聖人乃制衣食, 以厚生民

Clothes and Food: In the reality of human, all year round, [you] don’t make clothes and then [you] will be cold. All day round, [you] don’t eat again, then [you] will be hungry. For that reason, the sages made clothes and food with which they provided the people.

27. 士: 士之爲業, 讀書修身, 整其衣冠, 謹其言行, 凡爲仕進者, 自士而始

Scholars: The work that a scholar takes is reading books and cultivating himself. Dress up your cloth and hat properly, be careful of your speech and behavior. In general, those who '''serve in the government and advance [to high position] {%%advance to become officials%%}''', [they] start from being a scholar.

28. 孝弟: 孝悌之道, 根於天性, 不孝不悌, 近於禽獸也, 事親以誠事長以敬是爲孝悌也

Filial piety and Fraternity: The way of filial piety and fraternity roots in Heavenly nature. [If one is] not filial and not fraternal, [he/she is] close to birds and beasts. Serving parents with sincerity and serving elders with respect, that is filial piety and fraternity.

29. 四方: 天地之間, 有四方, 前爲南, 後爲北, 左爲東, 右爲西

Four directions: Between heaven and earth, there are four directions: front is south, back is north, left is east, and right is west.

30. 草: 雜生山野, 爲地之毛, 春夏生長, 秋冬則黃枯

Grass: Miscellaneous things live in mountains and fields. [They] become the earth’s hair. In spring and summer, they live and grow. In autumn and winter, they turn into yellow and dry.

==='''Student 6 : (Goeun Lee)'''===

26. 衣食: 人情終歲不制則寒一日不再食則飢故聖人乃制衣食以厚生民

[As for] human condition, [if they] do not make clothing over a year, then [they feel] chill; [if they] do not eat twice a day, [they feel] hungry. For this reason, the sages 1) made clothing and food for people to multiply and live in comfort.

27. 士: 士之爲業讀書修身整其衣冠謹其言行凡爲仕進者自士而始

For scholars to become a scholar is this: [He should] cultivate himself with reading books, properly dress '''his attire {%%himself with clothes%%}''' and hat, restrain his words and behavior. In general, '''becoming an official {%%advance to become officials%%}''' starts from being a scholar.

28. 孝弟: 孝悌之道根於天性不孝不悌近於禽獸也事親以誠事長以敬是爲孝悌也

The way of filiality and fraternity [is] rooted '''at one’s given nature {%%in the heavenly (or heaven-given) nature%%}. [If someone is] not filial and not fraternal, [he is] close to birds and beasts. Serve parents with sincerity, serve the older with respect; this is filiality and fraternity.

29. 四方: 天地之間有四方前爲南後爲北左爲東右爲西

Between heaven and earth, there are four directions: front '''equals {%%is%%}''' south, back '''equals {%%is%%}''' north, left '''equals {%%is%%}''' east, and right '''equals {%%is%%}''' west.

30. 草: 雜生山野爲地之毛春夏生長秋冬則黃枯

Miscellaneous grass living in mountains and fields form the hairs of the earth. [In] spring and summer, they bloom and grow; [in] autumn and winter, they turn into brown and wither.

1) The Yellow Emperor (Huangdi Xuan Yuan 黃帝軒轅) and Suiren shi 燧人氏: The yellow emperor is believed to teach ancient people how to make clothings. Suiren shi is believed to make fire and teach people to cook food.

----

==='''Student 7 : (Write your name)'''===
----

==='''Student 8 : (Write your name)'''===
----

==='''Student 9 : (Write your name)'''===
----

==='''Student 10 : Jelena Gledić'''===
----
26. Clothing and food: 

'''If humankind {%%In the reality of human beings, if one%%}''' does not make clothes in a whole year, they will be cold. If '''they do {%%one does%%}''' not eat again in one day, they will starve. The sages of old thus made clothing and food with which the lives of the people prosper. 

27. Scholars: 

What scholars deem as their work is self-cultivation through reading, [wearing] proper '''attire {00 or clothes and caps00}''', minding language and behavior. Generally, those who take a government position and advance start from being a scholar. 

28. Filiality and fraternity: 

The way of filiality and fraternity is rooted in the nature of Heaven. If you are not filial and you are not fraternal, you are closer to the birds and the beasts. Serving parents sincerely, serving elders respectfully, that is filiality and fraternity. 

29. The four directions: 

Between heaven and earth there are four directions. Front is South. Back is North. Left is East. Right is West. 

30. Grass: 

The diverse growth on the mountains and plains is the hair of the earth. In spring and summer it emerges and grows, in fall and winter it dries and withers.

==='''Student 11 : (Write your name)'''===
----

==='''Student 12 : (Write your name)'''===
----

==='''Student 13 : (Write your name)'''===
----

==='''Student 14 : (Write your name)'''===
----

문장 21 - 25

2017-07-18T10:14:18Z

Kimm: /* Student 4 : (Write your name) */

=='''Original Script'''==

{{원문텍스트
| =
21. 兄弟: 長曰兄季曰弟比之木則同根也比之雁則同行也兄弟之情友愛而已

22. 君臣: 君臣之間以義合者也君視臣如手足臣視君如元首爲臣之道忠良而已

23. 師: 敎我者爲師非師無以學問是故古之學者尊師君父

24. 文學: 人而不學不知道理無異禽獸故聖人乃制文學以敎人使知三綱五倫孝悌禮義廉恥之道

25. 讀書: 讀書之時一其心志勿思雜慮敬對方冊日夜勤讀眼慣口熟自可渙然也

}}

=='''Translation'''==

==='''Student 1 : Sanghoon Na'''===
----
21. 兄弟: 長曰兄季曰弟比之木則同根也比之雁則同行也兄弟之情友愛而已

Brothers: The elder is called hyŏng(Ch. xiong), and the younger is called che(Ch. di). Comparing them to trees, then [they are from] the same roots. Comparing them to wild geese, [they fly in] the same row. The affection of brothers is '''just {00 or "no other than 00}''' the fraternal love.

22. 君臣: 君臣之間以義合者也君視臣如手足臣視君如元首爲臣之道忠良而已

Ruler and Subject: Relationship between ruler and subject is tied by righteousness. The ruler sees subjects as [his] hands and feet. Subjects see the ruler as the chief head. The [proper] conduct for subject's way is '''only {00 or "no other than"00}''' loyalty and capability.

23. 師: 敎我者爲師非師無以學問是故古之學者尊師君父

Master: The one who teaches me is a '''master {%%teacher%%}'''. Without a master, there would be no learning and inquiring. For this reason, learners in old days revered [their] master like ruler and father.

24. 文學: 人而不學不知道理無異禽獸故聖人乃制文學以敎人使知三綱五倫孝悌禮義廉恥之道

'''Writings {00 or "literary learning" 00}''': Those who, as human beings, do not learn do not know the moral principles and are no different from birds and beasts. Therefore, the sage then made writings, with which they taught people to know the Three Bonds and the Five Relations, filiality and fraternity, propriety and justice, and '''{^the way of^}''' honesty and honor.

25. 讀書: 讀書之時一其心志勿思雜慮敬對方冊日夜勤讀眼慣口熟自可渙然也

Reading: When reading books, '''unify {00 or concentrate00}''' your mind and will. Do not brood on desultory thoughts. Respectfully face the books. Day and night diligently read. Make the eyes and mouth accustomed to it, and [you will] automatically be enlightened.

==='''Student 2 : Younès M'Ghari'''===
----
21. 兄弟: 長曰兄季曰弟比之木則同根也比之雁則同行也兄弟之情友愛而已

The elder is called '''older brother {^[hyŏng]^}''', the '''second {%%younger%%}''' is called '''younger brother {^[che]^}'''. If you compare them to trees, then they share the roots. If you compare them to geese, then they share the [flying] lines. The sentiment between older brother and younger brother is '''merely {%%no other than%%}'''brotherly affection.

22. 君臣: 君臣之間以義合者也君視臣如手足臣視君如元首爲臣之道忠良而已

The relationship between ruler and subject in which they are linked by righteousness, the ruler sees the subject as '''the {%%his own%%}'''hands and feet, the subject sees the ruler as '''the {%%his%%}'''head; the way of being a subject is '''merely {%% no other than%%}''' to be loyal and '''upright {00 or "capable" 00}'''.

23. 師: 敎我者爲師非師無以學問是故古之學者尊師君父

The one who teaches me is a teacher. Without a teacher there is no way to learn and ask. For this reason, '''one who learnt {%%students of the old days%%}''' respect the teacher like ruler and father.

24. 文學: 人而不學不知道理無異禽獸故聖人乃制文學以敎人使知三綱五倫孝悌禮義廉恥之道

If one does not learn, he will not know the Way and the Principle1 and will not be far from birds and beasts. Thus the sages established learning through literature that educates people and lets them know the Way of the 3 cardinal virtues and 5 cardinal relationships, filiality and fraternity, rites and morals, '''{^the way of^}''' honor and humility.

25. 讀書: 讀書之時一其心志勿思雜慮敬對方冊日夜勤讀眼慣口熟自可渙然也

When reading (out loud), unify your heart2 and your intention. Do not think about miscellaneous considerations, respect and face ancient books, diligently read day and night, get your eyes used and your mouth familiar [to the readings] and it can automatically become apparent.

1: 'Dao Li' (Chinese: 道理) could be interpreted as the 'Principle of the Way'.

2: Often directly translated as the 'mind'.

==='''Student 3 : Petra Sváková'''===
----
21. 兄弟: 長曰兄季曰弟比之木則同根也比之雁則同行也兄弟之情友愛而已

Older and Younger Brothers: The elder is called older brother '''{[^hyŏng]^}''', the younger is called younger brother '''{^[che]^}'''. If compared to trees, then they share the roots. If compared to wild geese, then they share the path. Brotherly affection (affection between older and younger brother '''{O which one would be more appropriate?O --> 00the latter00}''' is '''just {%%no other than%%}'''comradely love.

Corrected text:

Older and Younger Brothers: The elder is called older brother 'hyŏng]', the younger is called younger brother 'che'. If compared to trees, then they share the roots. If compared to wild geese, then they share the path. Affection between older and younger brother is no other than comradely love.

22. 君臣: 君臣之間以義合者也君視臣如手足臣視君如元首爲臣之道忠良而已

Ruler and Subject: [The relationship] which is between the ruler and subject is put up with righteousness. The ruler sees the subject as [his own] hands and legs, and the subject sees the ruler as the head [of the country]. The way of being subject is just that of being loyal and virtuous.

23. 師: 敎我者爲師非師無以學問是故古之學者尊師君父

Teachers: The one who teaches me is a teacher and without the teacher, there would be no way to learn and ask. For this reason, those who learned in the ancient times respected [their] teachers like [their] rulers and fathers.

24. 文學: 人而不學不知道理無異禽獸故聖人乃制文學以敎人使知三綱五倫孝悌禮義廉恥之道

Writing and Learning: If a person does not learn, he does not know the Way and the Principle and [thus] he is not different from birds and beasts. For this reason, the sages thereby established the writing and the learning with [which] they taught people, and let [them] know the Way of the Three Bonds1 and the Five Relationships2, filial piety, fraternity, rites, righteousness, '''{^the way of^}'''honesty and honor.

Corrected text:

Writing and Learning: If a person does not learn, he does not know the Way and the Principle and [thus] he is not different from birds and beasts. For this reason, the sages thereby established the writing and the learning with [which] they taught people, and let [them] know the Way of the Three Bonds1 and the Five Relationships2, filial piety, fraternity, rites, righteousness, the way of honesty and honor.

25. 讀書: 讀書之時一其心志勿思雜慮敬對方冊日夜勤讀眼慣口熟自可渙然也

Reading Books (aloud): At the time of reading books (aloud), unify your mind and intention, do not think of random concerns, and respectfully face the books. Day and night, read [them aloud] diligently [so that] your eyes get used [to it] and your mouth gets familiar [with it]. [Then the books] will become apparent by themselves.

1 The Three Bonds are between ruler and subject, father and son, husband and wife.

2 The Five Relationships are between ruler and subject, father and son, husband and wife, between brothers and between friends.

==='''Student 4 : (Write your name)'''===
----
21. 兄弟: 長曰兄季曰弟比之木則同根也比之雁則同行也兄弟之情友愛而已

Elder and Younger Brothers – The elder is called the elder brother '''{^[hyŏng]^}''', and the '''second {%%younger%%}''' is called the younger brother '''{^[che}^}'''. Likened to trees, then [they] share roots. Likened to wild geese, they share the same path. The affection of elder and younger brother is just that of fraternal love.

22. 君臣: 君臣之間以義合者也君視臣如手足臣視君如元首爲臣之道忠良而已

Lords and Ministers – Lords and ministers are brought together by righteousness. The lord sees the minister as hands and feet. The minister sees the lord as [the] authority and head. '''To fulfill the Way of the minister {%%the way to be a minister%%}''' is just that of being loyal and being capable.

23. 師: 敎我者爲師非師無以學問是故古之學者尊師君父

Teachers – The one who educates me is the teacher. Without a teacher there is no way to learn and ask. This is why those who learned in the past respected teachers like lords and fathers.

24. 文學: 人而不學不知道理無異禽獸故聖人乃制文學以敎人使知三綱五倫孝悌禮義廉恥之道

'''Writing1 and Learning {00 or Literary learning / Learning through literature 00}'''– [To be] a person and not learn [is to] not know the Way and [moral] principles and has no difference [from] birds and beasts. [This is] the reason sages then made '''written culture {%%writing / writing script%%}''' and learning to educate people and cause them to know the Way of the three links2 and five relationships, filial piety and fraternal love, rites and righteousness, and '''{^ the way of^}''' sincerity and honor.

1 文 [K: mun; C: mun] indicates significant and important things that comprise written culture, not just writing.

2 The ruler leads the minister, the father leads the son, and the husband leads the wife.

25. 讀書: 讀書之時一其心志勿思雜慮敬對方冊日夜勤讀眼慣口熟自可渙然也

Reading [Out Loud] Books - When reading [out loud] books, make one the heart and mind, do not think random thoughts, [show] respect facing the books, day and night diligently read [out loud and let] eyes accustom [themselves] and the mouth familiarize [itself] '''{^to the books^}''', [then the books] themselves can '''melt {00? light up / become bright00}''' like so [to reveal their meaning].

Edited Sections:

21. Elder and Younger [Brothers] – The elder is called "hyŏng"[C: xiong] and the younger is called "che" [C: di]. Likened to trees, then [they] share roots. Likened to wild geese, they share the same path. The affection of elder and younger is just that of fraternal love.

22. Lords and Ministers – Lords and ministers are brought together by righteousness. The lord sees the minister as hands and feet. The minister sees the lord as [the] authority and head. The way to be a minister is just that of being loyal and being capable.

24. Writing and Literary Learning – [To be] a person and not learn [is to] not know the Way and [moral] principles and has no difference [from] birds and beasts. [This is] the reason sages then made written script and learning, to educate people and cause them to know the Way of the three links and five relationships, filial piety and fraternal love, rites and righteousness, and the way of sincerity and honor.

25. Reading [Out Loud] Books - When reading [out loud] books, make one the heart and mind, do not think random thoughts, [show] respect facing the books, day and night diligently read [out loud and let] eyes accustom [themselves] and the mouth familiarize [itself] {^to the books^}, [then the books] themselves can illumine [their meaning] like so.

==='''Student 5 : (Jae Yong Chang)'''===
----
21. 兄弟: 長曰兄, 季曰弟, 比之木, 同根也. 比之雁, 則同行也. 兄弟之情, 友愛而已

Elder and Younger brothers: The elder is called “hyong,” and the second [younger] is called “che.” Comparing them to trees, then they share roots. Comparing them to wild geese, they share the same way. The sentiment of elder and younger brothers is '''just {00 or no other than00}''' the fraternal love.

22. 君臣: 君臣之間, 以義合者也. 君視臣如手足, 臣視君如元首, 爲臣之道, 忠良而已

Ruler and subject: Between the ruler and the subject, they are combined together with righteousness. The ruler sees the subject as his own hand and feet, the subject sees the ruler as his '''commander {%%head%%}'''. The way of being a subject is just to be loyal and capable.

23. 師: 敎我者爲師. 非師無以學問. 是故古之學者, 尊師君父

The one who teaches me '''becomes {%% is %%}''' a teacher. Without a teacher, there is no way for learning and asking. Therefore, the one who '''is learning {%%learned%%}''' in ancient times respects the teacher like the ruler and the father.

24. 文學: 人而不學, 不知道理. 無異禽獸. 故, 聖人乃制文學以敎. 人使知三綱五倫, 孝悌禮義廉恥之道

If a people do not learn, [he/she] does not know the Way of the Principle. [It is] not different from birds and beasts. Therefore, Sage made writing and learning with which taught the people. Let them know the Way of the three cardinal virtues and five cardinal relationships; filial piety, fraternity, rites, righteousness, '''{^and the way of^}''' honor, and humility.

25. 讀書: 讀書之時, 一其心志. 勿思雜慮, 敬對方冊. 日夜勤讀, 眼慣口熟, 自可渙然也

When [you are] reading a writing, make your heart-mind and intention to be united. Don’t think of unimportant and respect and face ancient records [or books]. All days, day and night, read them diligently and get '''{^them^}''' used to your eyes and to your mouth. Then, it is able to become clear.

==='''Student 6 : (Goeun Lee)'''===

21. 長曰兄季曰弟比之木則同根也比之雁則同行也兄弟之情友愛而已

The old is called an older brother '''{^hyŏng^}''', the '''subordinate {%%younger%%}''' is called a younger brother '''{^che^}'''. To compare them to trees, [they are from] the same root. To compare them to wild geese, [they] '''go together {%%share the same line%%}'''. Sentiments between brothers [should be] friendly and amiable. That's all.

22. 君臣之間以義合者也君視臣如手足臣視君如元首爲臣之道忠良而已

[The relationship] between rulers and subjects are put together with righteousness. A ruler regards his subjects as his (own) hand and foot; subjects regard rulers as their (own) primary head. [The way of] being a subject [should be] loyal and capable. That’s all.

23. 師: 敎我者爲師, 非師無以學問, 是故, 古之學者, 尊師如君父

Teacher: The one who teaches me is teacher. Without a teacher, there is no way to learn and ask. Therefore, educated people in the old days respected teachers like their ruler and father.

24. 文學: 人而不學, 不知道理, 無異禽獸, 故聖人, 乃制文學以敎人, 使知三綱五倫,孝悌禮義,廉恥之道

'''{^Learning through literature: ^}''' If people do not learn, they do not know the Way 道 and the Principle 理 '''. [Such are] {^and are^}''' not different from birds and beasts. For this reason, sages 1) thereby created writing and taught people, so that they know the three bonds and five relationships.

25. 讀書: 讀書之時一其心志勿思雜慮敬對方冊日夜勤讀眼慣口熟自可渙然也

'''{^Reading books: ^}''' At the time of reading books, unite your mind and intention. Do not think about miscellaneous concerns; pay respect '''towards {00 good!00}''' books. Day and night, diligently read [your books]; [as they become] familiar to your eyes and mouth, [then] the book itself can be understood clearly.

1) Legendary figures who are believed to create Chinese letters: 伏羲, 朱襄, 倉頡, 沮誦, 梵·怯廬. '''{00 Cangjie 倉頡 is the one who is attributed to have created writing.00}'''

----

==='''Student 7 : (Write your name)'''===
----

==='''Student 8 : (Write your name)'''===
----

==='''Student 9 : (Write your name)'''===
----

==='''Student 10 : Jelena Gledić'''===
----
21. Older and younger brother: 

The elder is called older brother '''{00 hyŏng 00}''', the younger is called younger brother '''{00 che 00}'''. If compared to trees, they have the same root. If compared to wild geese, they have the same path. The sentiment between older and younger brother is '''{^no other than^}''' that of camaraderie. 

22. Ruler and minister: 

The relationship between ruler and minister is bound through righteousness. The ruler sees the minister as his hands and feet. The minister sees the ruler as the primary head. The way of being a minister is '''{^no other than^}''' that of loyalty and aptitude. 

23. Teacher: 

The one who teaches me is a teacher. Without teachers, there is no learning. For this reason, in the past those who learned respected teachers as rulers and fathers. 

24. Studying: 

If man does not learn he does not know the reasoning of the way and is no different than the birds and the beasts. The sages of old thus made studying with which to teach people, so that they know the Three Bonds and Five Relationships<ref>三綱五倫, one of the most important doctrines of Confucianism.</ref>, filiality, fraternity, rites, '''{^and the way of^}''' righteousness and honor. 

25. Reading: 

When one reads, mind and intent should be united. One should not think of random matters. One should respectfully face the book, day and night, diligently and carefully. The eyes should get used to it and the mouth should become familiar with it. [Then] the self can become apparent.

==='''Student 11 : (Write your name)'''===
----

==='''Student 12 : (Write your name)'''===
----

==='''Student 13 : (Write your name)'''===
----

==='''Student 14 : (Write your name)'''===
----

문장 16 - 20

2017-07-18T10:06:29Z

Kimm: /* Student 4 : (Write your name) */

=='''Original Script'''==

{{원문텍스트
| =
16. 冬: 秋盡冬來北風起白雪下民乃取茅乘屋堇戶入奧

17. 四時: 一歲有四時正月二月三月爲春四月五月六月爲夏七月八月九月爲秋十月十一月十二月爲冬

18. 人: 萬物之中惟人最靈稟受五氣以爲性故皆善

19. 父母: 父兮生我母兮育我父猶天也母猶地也欲報之德昊天罔極

20. 子: 人子之職惟孝爲大養之以禮斯爲孝矣彼林烏亦知反哺可以人而不如鳥乎

}}

=='''Translation'''==

===Student 1 : Sanghoon Na===
----
16. 冬: 秋盡冬來北風起白雪下民乃取茅乘屋堇戶入奧

Winter: Autumn comes to an end and winter comes. North wind rises and white snow falls. People then take reeds to put [the thatched roof] on the houses. They put on paper on the doors and go into the innermost(the place on the ondol floor nearest the fireplace).

17. 四時: 一歲有四時正月二月三月爲春四月五月六月爲夏七月八月九月爲秋十月十一月十二月爲冬

Four Seasons: One year has four seasons. The first month, the second month, and third month make spring. The fourth month, the fifth month, and the sixth month make summer. The seventh month, the eighth month, and the ninth month make autumn. The tenth month, the eleventh month, and the twelfth month make winter.

18. 人: 萬物之中惟人最靈稟受五氣以爲性故皆善

People: Among myriad things, human beings alone are the most sentient. They are endowed with the Five Qi, which make their nature. Therefore, they are [originally] good.

19. 父母: 父兮生我母兮育我父猶天也母猶地也欲報之德昊天罔極

Father and Mother: Father, he begot me. Mother, she raised me. Father is like heaven and mother is like the earth. [Though] Wishing to repay the beneficence, [it would be impossible, because the beneficence is like] the vast heaven without end.

20. 子: 人子之職惟孝爲大養之以禮斯爲孝矣彼林烏亦知反哺可以人而不如鳥乎

Son: Among the duties of a son of man, filiality alone is the greatest. Care for parents with propriety. This is the filiality. Behold the crows of the forest. [Even] They also know feeding back. Can a person not be equal to the birds?

===Student 2 : Younès M'Ghari===
----
16. 冬: 秋盡冬來北風起白雪下民乃取茅乘屋堇戶入奧

When aumtun is exhausted and winter comes, the wind of the north '''gets up {%%rises%%}''' and the white snow falls down; people then gather reeds ''', mend the roof {%%to mend the roof%%}''', fix the doors and '''set up {%%enters%%}''' in the inner quarters1.

17. 四時: 一歲有四時正月二月三月爲春四月五月六月爲夏七月八月九月爲秋十月十一月十二月爲冬

A year has four seasons; the prime month, the second month and the third month are part of spring; the fourth month, the fifth month and the sixth month are part of summer; the seventh month, the eighth month and the ninth month are part of autumn; the tenth month, the eleventh month and the twelfth month are part of winter.

18. 人: 萬物之中惟人最靈稟受五氣以爲性故皆善

Among ten thousand things, '''only the most sensible people are endowed with the Five Qi2 which became [%%only human beings are sensible. [they] are endowed with the five qi that become%%}''' their nature; therefore they are all good.

19. 父母: 父兮生我母兮育我父猶天也母猶地也欲報之德昊天罔極

Father gave birth to me, mother '''gave education to {%%raised%%}''' me; father is comparable to Heaven, mother is comparable to Earth; I want to pay back their '''virtue, [but] the vast Heaven is endless {%% [grace, [but their grace is like] vast heaven '''{^and^}''' is endless.

20. 子: 人子之職惟孝爲大養之以禮斯爲孝矣彼林烏亦知反哺可以人而不如鳥乎

In the duty of someone’s son, only filial piety is eminent; cultivating '''oneself {%%them [parents]%%}''' with rites, this is filial piety. Look at these forest crows, they also know about feeding back3; could '''someone {%%one%%}''' not be as good as crows?

1: That is to say, the warmest corner in the house.

2: Or the "Five sorts of prevailing Qi" (Chinese: 五種流行之氣): the Wood (木), the Fire (火), the Earth (土), the Metal (金) and Water (水).

3: Taking care of one's parents like one has been taken care of by them since he was born.

===Student 3 : Petra Sváková===
----
16. 冬: 秋盡冬來北風起白雪下民乃取茅乘屋堇戶入奧

Winter: When autumn comes to an end and winter comes, the north wind rises and the white snow falls. People then gather grass to thatch [their] roofs, fix [their] doors and enter the southwest corner of the house1.

17. 四時: 一歲有四時正月二月三月爲春四月五月六月爲夏七月八月九月爲秋十月十一月十二月爲冬

Four Seasons: A year has four seasons. The first, the second and the third month2 make up spring; the fourth, the fifth, the sixth month make up summer; the seventh, the eighth, the ninth month make up autumn; and the tenth, the eleventh and the twelveth month make up winter.

18. 人: 萬物之中惟人最靈稟受五氣以爲性故皆善

People: Among the ten thousand things, only people are the most sensitive, they endow and receive the ''Five Ki''3 which become the human nature, and thus all people are good.

19. 父母: 父兮生我母兮育我父猶天也母猶地也欲報之德昊天罔極

Parents: Father gave birth to me and mother raised me. Father is like the Heaven and mother is like the Earth. [I] wish [I could] repay their virtue [but this is like] the vast sky without end.

20. 子: 人子之職惟孝爲大養之以禮斯爲孝矣彼林烏亦知反哺可以人而不如鳥乎

Children: The duty of someone's children is being filial to utmost [extend] and nurturing them (parents) with rites, this is being filial. Look at those forest crows, they also know [how to] feed [their parents] back. Could that be [that] a person is not [even as good] as the crows?

1 This is the in the inner quarters, the warmest corner of the house where usually elders stay.

2 These are months of the lunar year.

3 This means the Five Elements - the Earth (地), the Water (水), the Fire (火), the Wood (木) and the Metal (金); or the Benevolence (仁), the Righteousness (義), the Propriety (禮), the Wisdom (智) and the Sincerity (信).

===Student 4 : (Write your name)===
----
16. 冬: 秋盡冬來北風起白雪下民乃取茅乘屋堇戶入奧

Winter – [When] autumn is exhausted winter comes, the north wind rises, and white snow falls. People then gather grasses to thatch [their] houses, and repair doors and go into the warmest corner of the house.1

1 The area inside a house with a heated floor that is closest to the source of heat.

17. 四時: 一歲有四時正月二月三月爲春四月五月六月爲夏七月八月九月爲秋十月十一月十二月爲冬

The Four Seasons – One year has four seasons. The first, second, and third month2 make up spring, the fourth, fifth, and sixth months make up summer, the seventh, eighth, and ninth months make up autumn, and the tenth, eleventh, and the twelfth months make up winter.

2 Referring to the months of the lunar calendar.

18. 人: 萬物之中惟人最靈稟受五氣以爲性故皆善

People3 – Among all the things [of the world], only people are the most sentient, and are endowed with the Five '''Elements4 {00 "Elements" for the character 氣 is a bit strange. How about "forces"?00}''' for to take to be their nature, [and this is] why all [people] are good.

3 人 [K: in; C: ren], in the sense of human beings in general, not any particular group of people.
4 Fire, earth, metal, water, and wood, comprising a metaphysical system also called the Five Phases.

19. 父母: 父兮生我母兮育我父猶天也母猶地也欲報之德昊天罔極

Father and Mother – Father gives life [to] me and mother raises me. Fathers can be compared to heaven and mothers can be compared to the earth. [Even if I] wished to repay [their] benevolence, [such '''an attempt {00 It is more likely the benevolence, than the attempt to repay, that is like a vast heaven.00}''' is like] the vast heavens without end.

20. 子: 人子之職惟孝爲大養之以禮斯爲孝矣彼林烏亦知反哺可以人而不如鳥乎

'''The duty of children [is] only to be filial to the greatest [extent]. {%% As for the duty of a child, filial piety is the sole greatest.%%}''' Nurturing parents with rites, this is being filial. Gazing up, the crows of the forest also know to feed [their parents] in return. Can [one] be a person and not [even] be like the birds?

Edited Sections:

18. People – Among all the things [of the world], only people are the most sentient, and are endowed with the Five Forces with which to take to be their nature, [and this is] why all [people] are good.

19. Father and Mother – Father gives life [to] me and mother raises me. Fathers can be compared to heaven and mothers can be compared to the earth. [Even if I] wished to repay [them, their] benevolence [is like] the vast heavens without end.

20. Children – As for the duty of the child, filial piety is the sole greatest. Nurturing parents with rites, this is being filial. Gazing up, the crows of the forest also know to feed [their parents] in return. Can [one] be a person and not [even] be like the birds?
----

===Student 5 : (Jae Yong Chang)===

16. 冬: 秋盡冬來北風起白雪下民乃取茅乘屋堇戶入奧

Winter: After autumn is exhausted, winter comes. North wind rises up and white snow falls down. So, People take '''grasses, mend roofs {%%reeds to mend roofs%%}''', repair doors, and go in '''a most of inner corner of the house {%%innermost corner of the house%% 00This needs a note00}'''.

17. 四時: 一歲有四時正月二月三月爲春四月五月六月爲夏七月八月九月爲秋十月十一月十二月爲冬

Four Seasons: One year has four seasons. The first month, the second month, and third month become spring. The fourth month, the fifth month, and the sixth month become summer. The seventh month, the eighth month, and the ninth month become autumn. The tenth month, the eleventh month, and the twelfth month become winter.

18. 人: 萬物之中惟人最靈稟受五氣以爲性故皆善

People: Among ten thousand things, human beings alone are the most spiritual. They are endowed with the Five '''Elements {00 Forces?00}'''to be their nature. Therefore, everyone is good.

19. 父母: 父兮生我母兮育我父猶天也母猶地也欲報之德昊天罔極

Father and Mother: Father birthed me. Mother raised me. Father is like the Heaven. Mother is like the Earth. One wishes to pay back their '''virtue {%%benevolence or grace%%}''', [but] it is the endless vast and dark sky.

20. 子: 人子之職惟孝爲大養之以禮斯爲孝矣彼林烏亦知反哺可以人而不如鳥乎

Son: '''[^Of^]''' The obligation of a person as a son, only filial piety is great. To nurture them with the rites, that is filial piety. Look at these forest crows. They also know how to feed back again. Can it be like a person but not like crows?

----

===Student 6 : (Goeun Lee)===

冬: 秋盡冬來北風起白雪下民乃取茅乘屋堇戶入奧

[As] autumn passes by and winter comes, wind from the north springs up and white snow comes down. People thereby bring straw to thatch their roof, mud [to strengthen] the doors and the innermost place of their house.

四時: 一歲有四時正月二月三月爲春四月五月六月爲夏七月八月九月爲秋十月十一月十二月爲冬

One year has four seasons: the first, second, third month come under spring; the fourth, fifth, sixth month come under summer; the seventh, eighth, ninth month come under autumn; the tenth, eleventh, twelfth month come under winter.

人: 萬物之中,惟人最靈,稟受五氣, 以爲性, 故皆善

Among all things, only human is the most intellectual, being endowed with five '''qis1) {00 Qi is not used in plural. Also, 稟受五氣 is better connected to the next sentence.00}'''. These five qis establish one’s nature and therefore, all are good.

1) This means possibly those five elements (fire, water, wood, metal, and earth) or five characters of gentlemen (benevolence, righteousness, propriety, intelligence and trust).

父母: 父兮生我, 母兮育我, 父猶天也, 母猶地也, 欲報之德, 昊天罔極

[My] father gave birth to me, [my] mother raised me; fathers are comparable to heaven, mothers to earth. Hoping to repay their benevolence, [I realize that] '''they are {%% it [their benevolence] is%%}''' as vast and boundless as the dark sky.

子: 人子之職,惟孝爲大,養之以禮,斯爲孝矣, 瞻彼林烏,亦知反哺,可以人而不如鳥乎
[As for] a son of man’s obligation, only filial piety is the greatest. [He must] nurture his parents with propriety; this is filial piety. Look at those crows in the forest. [They] also know to feed ['''their infants {%%their parents%%}'''] after chewing. Can '''a person {%%one be a person and%%}''' be worse than a crow?
----

===Student 7 : (Write your name)===
----

===Student 8 : (Write your name)===
----

===Student 9 : HeeJin Lee===
----
16. Fall ends [and] winter comes / the North wind rises / white snow descends / and so the people seize straws [to] thatch [their] roofs / [and] fix [their] doors [and] enters o*
* The southwest corner '''^{Which is the innermost corner^}''' of a house where the eldest/elder of the family '''resides {%%usually sits%%}'''

17. One year has four seasons / the first month[,] the second month[,] [and] the third month are spring / the fourth month[,] the fifth month[,] [and] the sixth month are summer / the seventh month[,] the eighth month[,] [and] the ninth month are fall / the tenth month[,] the eleventh month[,] [and] the twelfth month are winter

18. Among all things / only humans are '''{^the^}''' most sentient / [they are] endowed [with] the five qi / [which are] '''regarded {00 more likely "are" or "become" 00}''' as [their] nature / [and] for that reason all [people are] good

19. Father gave birth [to] me / mother raised me / father is like the sky / mother is like the earth / [I] want to replay their virtu[ous deeds] / [which are like] the vast sky without end

20. '''{^As for^}''' The duty of men[,] as sons / [is] '''only [to be] filial [and] be great {%%only filial piety is the greatest%%}''' / [he] takes care of them [(his parents)] by means of propriety / [and] this is/becomes filiality / '''[it is like] observing {%%Look at%%}''' those forest crows / [they] also know to feed [in] return / can '''it be {%%there be%%}''' the case that men are worse than birds

===Student 10 : Jelena Gledić===
----
16. Winter: 

When fall is depleted, winter comes. The north wind rises and white snow descends. The people then gather reeds, mend the houses, plaster the doors with mud, and retreat to the inner quarters. 

17. The four seasons: 

A year has four seasons. The primary month, the second month and the third month make up spring, the fourth month, the fifth month and the sixth month make up summer, the seventh month, the eighth month and the ninth month make up fall, the tenth month, the eleventh month and the twelfth month make up winter. 

18. People: 

Among all things, only people are endowed with the highest cognizance. They '''grasp the five qi, thus realize {%%receive the five ''qi'', which become%%}''' their nature, and therefore they are all virtuous. 

19. Parents: 

Father has birthed me. Mother has raised me. Father is like heaven. Mother is like earth. Wishing to return their virtuousness, '''the vast skies have no end {%%it is like the vast sly with no end%%}'''. 

20. Children: 

In the duty of being someone’s child, only filial piety is considered great. Nurture parents through rites, that is considered filial piety. Look at those forest crows, they too know how to return nourishment. Can it be that people are worse than birds?

===Student 11 : (Write your name)===
----

===Student 12 : (Write your name)===
----

===Student 13 : (Write your name)===
----

===Student 14 : (Write your name)===
----

(2017Translation) 彌妻啖草

2017-07-18T09:57:47Z

Kimm: /* Student 4 : (Write your name) */

{{Primary Source Document3
|Image = 삼강행실도미처담초.JPG
|English = (To) Mi’s Wife chews grass
|Chinese = 彌妻啖草(Mi ch’ŏ tam ch’o)
|Korean = 미처담초
|Genre =
|Type =
|Author = 偰循 (''Samgang haengsil-to'' 三綱行實圖)
|Year = 1434
|Key Concepts=
|Translator = [[2017 Summer Hanmun Workshop (Intermediate)#수강생 | Participants of 2017 Summer Hanmun Workshop (Intermediate Training Group)]]
|Editor =
|Translation Year = 2017

}}

=='''Original Script'''==

{{둥근 모서리2
| =
都彌妻. 美麗亦有節行. 盖婁王聞之. 語都彌曰. 婦人雖貞. 在幽昏處. 誘以巧言. 則動心矣. 都彌曰. 若臣妻. 雖死無貳. 王欲試之. 留都彌以事. 使一近臣. 假王衣服. 夜抵其家. 謂其婦曰. 我聞爾好. 與都彌博得之. 來日入爾爲宮人. 將亂之. 婦曰. 王無妄語. 吾敢不順. 請大王先入室. 吾更衣而進. 退飾一婢薦之. 王後知見欺. 怒甚. 誣都彌以罪.矐兩眸子. 置船泛河. 遂引其婦. 强欲淫之. 婦曰. 今良人已失. 獨身不能自持. 况爲王御. 豈敢相違. 今有所避. 請俟他日. 王信而許之. 婦便逃至江口. 不能渡. 呼天慟哭. 忽見舟至. 乘到泉城島. 遇其夫未死. 掘啖草根. 遂與同至高句麗. 終於羇旅.

: 【詩】敢雙矐眸放大河. 國君威柄奈如何.
:　　我儀我特眞天合. 縱備宮人矢靡他.
:　　詭言逃走出重闉. 泣涕漣洏傍水濱.
:　　天地神明皆佑助. 泉城島上見良人.

}}

=='''Translation'''==

==='''Student 13 : (Write your name)'''===
都彌妻. 美麗亦有節行. 盖婁王聞之. 語都彌曰. 婦人雖貞. 在幽昏處. 誘以巧言. 則動心矣.

----

==='''Student 1 : (Write your name)'''===
都彌曰. 若臣妻. 雖死無貳. 王欲試之. 留都彌以事. 使一近臣. 假王衣服. 夜抵其家.

----

==='''Student 2 : Younès M'Ghari'''===
謂其婦曰. 我聞爾好. 與都彌博得之. 來日入爾爲宮人. 將亂之.
----

He called the wife and said: “I heard you're fine. I gambled with To Mi and won. Tomorrow I will make you enter and become a palace concubine. I'll mess you up."

==='''Student 3 : (Write your name)'''===
婦曰. 王無妄語. 吾敢不順. 請大王先入室. 吾更衣而進. 退飾一婢薦之.

----

==='''Student 4 : (Write your name)'''===
王後知見欺. 怒甚. 誣都彌以罪.矐兩眸子. 置船泛河. 遂引其婦. 强欲淫之.

----
The king afterwards knew he was deceived [and] extremely enraged, falsely accused To Mi of a crime, gouged out his two eyes, [and] put him on a boat [and sent him] floating [away on the] river. Following [this, the king] pulled To Mi's wife [to him], coercively, wanting to defile her.

==='''Student 5 : (Write your name)'''===
婦曰. 今良人已失. 獨身不能自持. 况爲王御. 豈敢相違. 今有所避. 請俟他日. 王信而許之.

----

==='''Student 6 : (Write your name)'''===
婦便逃至江口. 不能渡. 呼天慟哭. 忽見舟至. 乘到泉城島. 遇其夫未死. 掘啖草根. 遂與同至高句麗. 終於羇旅.

----

==='''Student 7 : (Alexandre Le Marchand)'''===
敢矐雙眸放大河. 國君威柄奈如何. 我儀我特眞天合. 縱備宮人矢靡他.

----
Having both eyes plucked out and being released into a large stream, if the king wields the power, what can a man attempt.
My proper, my special, truly united by heaven, even though I am prepared to be a courtesan, by my oath I swear not to become different.

==='''Student 8 : Bryan Sauvadet '''===
詭言逃走出重闉. 泣涕漣洏傍水濱. 天地神明皆佑助. 泉城島上見良人.

The spiritual clairvoyance of heaven and earth are all bless and assistance.
On the top of the Ch'ônsông island a virtuous person is observable.
----